ライフサイエンスコーパス: carcinoid

1 riety of neuroendocrine tumors, particularly carcinoid.

2 ly higher in atypical carcinoid than typical carcinoid.

3 tic markers distinguish typical and atypical carcinoid.

4 y be a useful diagnostic marker for atypical carcinoid.

5 bronchial carcinoids, and 9 gastrointestinal carcinoids.

6 e diseases, and we unveil the group of supra-carcinoids.

7 rd most common location for gastrointestinal carcinoids.

8 have been studied with regard to metastatic carcinoids.

9 reatment for appendiceal, colonic and rectal carcinoids.

10 ther being described for treating metastatic carcinoids.

11 Five of the 33 patients (15%) had multiple carcinoids.

12 ly on patients with advanced lung and thymic carcinoids.

13 ary hepatic tumors and for secondary hepatic carcinoids.

14 nomas, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, and carcinoids.

15 analogue with everolimus in lung and thymic carcinoids.

16 or small bowel adenocarcinoma, adenomas, and carcinoids.

17 es with at least 2 cases of small intestinal carcinoids.

18 ficient to drive transformation in pulmonary carcinoids.

19 5 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.86-4.99), carcinoids 0.59 (95% CI, 0.16-2.10), and adenomas 5.73 (

20 tients (age range, 32-76 y): 10 patients had carcinoid, 2 had medullary cell carcinoma of the thyroid

21 ntified with small bowel malignancies: 37.4% carcinoid, 36.9% adenocarcinomas, 8.4% stromal tumors, a

22 ears) with a confirmed diagnosis of duodenal carcinoid admitted into our institution during a 52-year

23 Other tumors, including gastrinoma, carcinoid, adrenal cortical tumors, angiofibroma, collag

24 improved symptoms associated with malignant carcinoid among subjects with no treatment alternatives.

25 Thirty carcinoid and 30 islet cell patients were enrolled.

26 analysis (AQUA) in 2 tissue microarrays (GI carcinoid and GI adenocarcinoma).

27 ical-pathological investigation of retrieved carcinoid and normal valve cusps using immunohistochemic

28 in a two-cohort, phase II study of advanced carcinoid and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor patients.

29 Survival in patients with carcinoid and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors is signif

30 (including B12 and hypomagnesemia), gastric carcinoid and rebound hyperacidity are biologically plau

31 or marker with higher expression in atypical carcinoid and SCLC, and could be a new therapeutic targe

32 In SCLC tumors, as well as bronchial carcinoids and carcinoids of gastrointestinal origin, re

33 in all 11 individuals with small intestinal carcinoids and in 17 of 35 family members whose carcinoi

34 gA protein levels were highest in primary GI carcinoids and in liver metastases and significantly ele

35 transcriptome (n=69) sequencing of pulmonary carcinoids and observe frequent mutations in chromatin-r

36 LC) tumors, 13 SCLC cell lines, 19 bronchial carcinoids, and 9 gastrointestinal carcinoids.

37 nection between hypergastrinemia and gastric carcinoids, and most importantly, improving upon current

38 lastoma, paraganglioma/pheochromocytoma, and carcinoids; and discuss approaches to improving targetin

39 The incidence of gastric carcinoid appears to be increasing without a correspondi

40 The incidence of all carcinoids appears to be increasing, which may reflect i

41 nstrates good evidence that localized rectal carcinoids are amenable to local resection.

42 Carcinoids are classified based on organ site and cell o

43 Familial and sporadic carcinoids are clinically indistinguishable except for t

44 Gastrointestinal (GI) carcinoids are ill-understood, enigmatic malignancies, w

45 Carcinoids are morphologically and biologically heteroge

46 s are rare events, suggesting that pulmonary carcinoids are not early progenitor lesions of the highl

47 Recent data have suggested that rectal carcinoids are over-represented in Black and Asian popul

48 Small intestinal carcinoids are rare and difficult to diagnose and patien

49 Carcinoids are rare neuroendocrine neoplasms, primarily

50 Pulmonary carcinoids are rare neuroendocrine tumours of the lung.

51 Duodenal carcinoids are uncommon tumors with a wide clinical-path

52 ly small intestinal tumors, also grouped as 'carcinoids', are defined by an increasing incidence and

53 oendocrine tumors (previously referred to as carcinoids) are ill-understood, enigmatic malignancies t

54 l bowel adenocarcinoma and adenomas (but not carcinoids) are significantly increased in people with C

55 es may prove to be as effective for treating carcinoids as for visualizing them.

56 m neuroendocrine cells that includes typical carcinoid, atypical carcinoid, small cell lung cancer (S

57 Human carcinoid BON cells displayed 5-HT immunoreactivity asso

58 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) release in human carcinoid BON cells.

59 dicitis-associated and malignant appendiceal carcinoids but was significantly decreased (> 10-fold, P

60 Overexpression of CgA mRNA and protein in GI carcinoids can identify metastatic cells; thus, PCR for

61 We found that small intestinal carcinoids can occur as an inherited autosomal-dominant

62 ly for carcinoid valve disease and 2 for non-carcinoid cardiac disease; in 1 patient, MCH was the pri

63 cells expressing hASH1, such as a pulmonary carcinoid cell line, knocking down the gene expression b

64 CNDT2.5, a human midgut carcinoid cell line, was used for in vitro (sphere-forma

65 We report that H727 human bronchial carcinoid cells are inherently resistant to Cfz, yet sus

66 Expression of Hoxc6 in cultured human BON1 carcinoid cells enhanced their proliferation, and knock-

67 s of Hoxc6 were investigated by establishing carcinoid cells that stably overexpressed Hoxc6 or were

68 s interaction and inhibited proliferation of carcinoid cells.

69 CgA gene was overexpressed (P<0.001) in GI carcinoids compared with GI adenocarcinomas and normal m

70 Gastrointestinal carcinoids comprise 90% of all carcinoid tumors and all

71 calized in 67% at presentation and malignant carcinoids constituted the major histologic type (77%).

72 proves survival and reduces the severity of 'carcinoid crises'.

73 ith rectal carcinoids is superior to that of carcinoids found elsewhere in the gastrointestinal tract

74 A (CgA) discriminates gastrointestinal (GI) carcinoids from epithelial tumors.

75 tients who underwent splenectomy for gastric carcinoid, gastric adenocarcinoma and cancer of the left

76 han 2 years, and eight patients with SCLC or carcinoid had stable disease (one remained on study for

77 As atypical carcinoid has been shown to have worse clinical outcomes

78 Hereditary small intestinal carcinoid has not been recognized and genetic factors ha

79 Patients with advanced-stage carcinoid have traditionally experienced poor 5-year sur

80 comprise 90% of all carcinoid tumors and all carcinoids have malignant potential.

81 rgeted therapy and biochemical evaluation of carcinoids have shown promise.

82 d syndrome have improved, but development of carcinoid heart disease (CaHD) continues to decrease sur

83 s have demonstrated a very high incidence of carcinoid heart disease (tricuspid and pulmonary insuffi

84 hould be considered for select patients with carcinoid heart disease affecting left- and right-sided

85 We reviewed 22 patients having operation for carcinoid heart disease and compared those having TV and

86 long-term prognosis of patients who develop carcinoid heart disease and the effect of cardiac surger

87 Echocardiographic features are similar to carcinoid heart disease and valvulopathy associated with

88 y addressing the diagnosis and management of carcinoid heart disease are lacking.

89 Factors associated with the progression of carcinoid heart disease are poorly understood.

90 al advice on the diagnosis and management of carcinoid heart disease as well as its surveillance.

91 Carcinoid heart disease characteristically affects tricu

92 The prognosis of patients with recognized carcinoid heart disease has improved over the past 2 dec

93 Carcinoid heart disease is a frequent occurrence in pati

94 The pathophysiology of carcinoid heart disease is poorly understood; however, c

95 Carcinoid heart disease may affect left- and right-sided

96 n patients (7 men, 4 women) with symptomatic carcinoid heart disease underwent surgery for left- and

97 or echocardiography in whom the diagnosis of carcinoid heart disease was confirmed.

98 A score for carcinoid heart disease was determined on the basis of a

99 Serotonin is related to the progression of carcinoid heart disease, and the risk of progressive hea

100 Carcinoid heart disease, which develops in the majority

101 ccording to the date from first diagnosis of carcinoid heart disease.

102 ect on RV size in patients after surgery for carcinoid heart disease.

103 ided valvular dysfunction is the hallmark of carcinoid heart disease.

104 nction, MCH may be the only manifestation of carcinoid heart disease.

105 2 appendiceal samples, including appendiceal carcinoids identified at exploration for appendicitis (n

106 MAGE-D2, and MTA1 compared with appendiceal carcinoids identified at surgery for appendicitis.

107 Integrative genomic analysis of lung carcinoids identifies three novel molecular subtypes wit

108 adenocarcinoma in 1, T2 adenocarcinoma in 3, carcinoid in 1, and fibrosis only in 1 (after prior poly

109 ntrast the genomic profiles of 116 pulmonary carcinoids (including 35 atypical), 75 large-cell neuroe

110 g neuroendocrine neoplasms stratify atypical carcinoids into two prognostic groups with a 10-year ove

111 , three of five surgically confirmed masses (carcinoid, intussusception, lymphangioma) were identifie

112 Metastatic carcinoid is an incurable malignancy whose symptoms, suc

113 Effective systemic therapy for advanced carcinoid is lacking.

114 tum is 87%, small intestinal is 60%, colonic carcinoids is 62%, and gastric type III/IV is 33%.

115 The worldwide incidence of pulmonary carcinoids is increasing, but little is known about thei

116 Tumor size in rectal carcinoids is predictive of metastasis and can reliably

117 The survival rate for patients with rectal carcinoids is superior to that of carcinoids found elsew

118 Lung carcinoids (LC) are rare and slow growing primary lung n

119 ingly demonstrates that patients with rectal carcinoids less than 2 cm in diameter, localized to the

120 An increased incidence of carcinoid-like heart valve disease (CLHVD) has been note

121 This group comprises samples with carcinoid-like morphology yet the molecular and clinical

122 d levels (P<0.00001) were also identified in carcinoid liver and lymph node (LN) metastases.

123 ision for gastric (type I and II) and rectal carcinoids may be adequate.

124 ancreatic head or root of mesentery (mid gut carcinoid) may involve one of the 2 primary branches of

125 The records of patients with carcinoid (n = 84) and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors

126 9 enrolled patients, 107 received sunitinib (carcinoid, n = 41; pancreatic endocrine tumor, n = 66).

127 e (n = 24), colorectal cancers (n = 19), and carcinoid neoplasms (n = 6).

128 and it is currently under evaluation against carcinoid/neuroendocrine tumors in a phase II clinical t

129 g the interstitial cells in the periphery of carcinoid nodules; these same cells were also positive f

130 te is essential for the diagnosis of primary carcinoid of the liver.

131 tumors, as well as bronchial carcinoids and carcinoids of gastrointestinal origin, recurrent CN alte

132 Overall 5-year survival for carcinoids of the appendix is 98%, gastric (types I/II)

133 s of molecular signatures that differentiate carcinoids of the appendix.

134 or in combination, in patients with advanced carcinoids of the lung or thymus.

135 se II study of rhEndostatin in patients with carcinoid or pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.

136 umors but not in the appendicitis-associated carcinoids or normal mucosa.

137 1.13, 1.40), respectively), small-intestine carcinoid (OR = 1.27 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.60) and OR = 1.78

138 to have worse clinical outcomes than typical carcinoid, our data suggests that FAIM2 may be a useful

139 adenocarcinomas, myeloma, melanoma, colonic carcinoid, parotid pleomorphic adenoma, and teratoma.

140 eview analyzes the records of 82 consecutive carcinoid patients treated by the same 2 surgeons, from

141 Among carcinoid patients, ORR was 2.4% (one of 41 patients), a

142 c neuroendocrine tumor patients and 83.4% in carcinoid patients.

143 oendocrine tumor patients and 10.2 months in carcinoid patients.

144 and thalidomide in patients with metastatic carcinoid, pheochromocytoma, or pancreatic neuroendocrin

145 Non-small-cell lung cancer or carcinoid pT1-4, N0-2, M0 patients treated by R0 surgica

146 think that all patients with advanced-stage carcinoid should be evaluated for possible multimodal su

147 Relatives of patients with familial carcinoids should be screened to detect curable early st

148 agnostic modalities, the incidence of rectal carcinoids should continue to increase.

149 ne expression was examined by Q-RT PCR in GI carcinoids (small intestinal and metastases, n=17, gastr

150 ls that includes typical carcinoid, atypical carcinoid, small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and large cell

151 cinoids and in 17 of 35 family members whose carcinoid status was unknown.

152 cally relevant molecular groups of pulmonary carcinoids, suggesting DLL3 and the immune system as can

153 In patients with carcinoid symptoms but negative biochemical testing, (68

154 ars [95% CI 4.5-5.4]) than did those without carcinoid syndrome (5.6 years [5.4-5.9]; hazard ratio 1.

155 cant difference in the reported incidence of carcinoid syndrome (p<0.0001), as was tumour grade, stag

156 was used more frequently in patients without carcinoid syndrome (p=0.009); use of radiotherapy was no

157 se is a frequent occurrence in patients with carcinoid syndrome and is responsible for substantial mo

158 oid poisoning, vasoactive amine intolerance, carcinoid syndrome and phaeochromocytoma.

159 egression to assess the relationship between carcinoid syndrome and survival.

160 More patients with carcinoid tumors and carcinoid syndrome are requiring anesthesia and surgery.

161 ignificantly associated with the presence of carcinoid syndrome at diagnosis (p=0.07).

162 The proportion of patients with carcinoid syndrome compared with those without did not d

163 Carcinoid syndrome complicated only 1 of the cases.

164 nd enable future research into the effect of carcinoid syndrome control on patient survival.

165 insurance claims of flushing, diarrhoea, or carcinoid syndrome during the 3 months before and after

166 However, carcinoid syndrome frequency in the NET population has n

167 Patients with carcinoid syndrome had a shorter overall survival (media

168 Symptoms and survival of patients with carcinoid syndrome have improved, but development of car

169 , primarily of the appendix, associated with carcinoid syndrome in 10% of patients.

170 sed the proportion of patients with NETs and carcinoid syndrome in the USA and associated clinical fa

171 an-Armitage trend test to identify trends in carcinoid syndrome incidence and Cox regression to asses

172 The number of patients with NETs and carcinoid syndrome increased from 50 (11%) of 465 patien

173 This population-based analysis reveals that carcinoid syndrome is significantly associated with tumo

174 Conclusion Among patients with carcinoid syndrome not adequately controlled by somatost

175 tients with MEN, particularly those with the carcinoid syndrome or pheochromocytoma, to undergo surge

176 ctive study, we identified 200 patients with carcinoid syndrome referred for echocardiography in whom

177 (p=0.003) were more common in patients with carcinoid syndrome than in those without it, whereas sur

178 cteristics between patients with and without carcinoid syndrome using chi(2) tests.

179 Patients with carcinoid syndrome were more frequently female than male

180 Our sample included 71 patients with the carcinoid syndrome who underwent serial echocardiographi

181 rkinson's disease, pain treatment, malignant carcinoid syndrome, and prostate cancer.

182 [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] levels, such as carcinoid syndrome, and the use of serotonin agonists, s

183 ch develops in the majority of patients with carcinoid syndrome, presents the anesthesiologist with m

184 oactive amines into the bloodstream, causing carcinoid syndrome, with symptoms including flushing and

185 cause distinct clinical syndromes, including carcinoid syndrome.

186 , becoming much more common in patients with carcinoid syndrome.

187 nd pulmonary insufficiency) in patients with carcinoid syndrome.

188 All patients with MCH had carcinoid syndrome.

189 Cardiac metastases are uncommon in carcinoid syndrome.

190 egral part of the echo exam in patients with carcinoid syndrome.

191 wel movement (BM) frequency in patients with carcinoid syndrome.

192 urvival compared with those patients without carcinoid syndrome.

193 diagnosed with NETs, of whom 1786 (19%) had carcinoid syndrome.

194 blood flow, and longer PFS in patients with carcinoid than PEG interferon treatment.

195 pression is significantly higher in atypical carcinoid than typical carcinoid.

196 r (approximately 2-4-fold) in NE appendiceal carcinoids than in adenocarcinoids, but in GI adenocarci

197 s the mainstay of treatment of nonmetastatic carcinoid, there have been studies for various medical t

198 c analysis of families with small intestinal carcinoids to establish a hereditary basis and find gene

199 that this modality may be used for targeted carcinoid treatment--either as an alternative or as an a

200 ts as an initial examination for the primary carcinoid tumor as well as for metastases.

201 l deaths (1 was not related to the patient's carcinoid tumor but was due to a second coexistent cance

202 graphic (echo) characteristics of metastatic carcinoid tumor in the heart.

203 Features of patients with metastatic carcinoid tumor involving the heart (MCH) have not been

204 Colorectal carcinoid tumor IRs increased more steeply than adenocar

205 The molecular alterations that underlie carcinoid tumor pathogenesis remain poorly defined.

206 Optimal treatments for metastatic carcinoid tumor remain undefined, and the role of chemot

207 enrolled in the Natural History of Familial Carcinoid Tumor study at the National Institutes of Heal

208 The primary carcinoid tumor was in the small bowel in 83% of patient

209 ranscript and protein levels indicative of a carcinoid tumor were identified in one acute appendiciti

210 etion, acute interstitial nephritis, gastric carcinoid tumor, cardiovascular risk with clopidogrel an

211 en ovale; 1 of these also had a primary lung carcinoid tumor.

212 ell lines as models for small intestinal or 'carcinoid' tumor biology are considered appropriate.

213 g through the activator protein-1 pathway in carcinoid tumorigenesis.

214 IPMK haploinsufficiency promotes carcinoid tumorigenesis.

215 n correlated with methylation of p16 gene in carcinoid tumors (p = 0.006).

216 tment outcome was analyzed for patients with carcinoid tumors (the most common tumors in this study),

217 of CRC screening and diagnostic testing) and carcinoid tumors (which are classified as "colorectal ca

218 reatic NETs (33%; five of 15) and those with carcinoid tumors (zero of 19).

219 ed metastatic neuroendocrine tumors (20 with carcinoid tumors and 11 with other tumors) treated with

220 including 15 of 16 (94%) cases of multifocal carcinoid tumors and 7 of 8 (88%) cases of multifocal pa

221 trointestinal carcinoids comprise 90% of all carcinoid tumors and all carcinoids have malignant poten

222 nts with small tumors, as well as those with carcinoid tumors and bronchioloalveolar cell carcinoma,

223 More patients with carcinoid tumors and carcinoid syndrome are requiring an

224 ur cases, including 16 multifocal intestinal carcinoid tumors and eight multifocal pancreatic endocri

225 e investigated whether multifocal intestinal carcinoid tumors and multifocal pancreatic endocrine tum

226 Carcinoid tumors and pancreatic endocrine tumors (PETs)

227 he aim of this study was to evaluate CIMP in carcinoid tumors and PETs.

228 Gastric carcinoid tumors are rare lesions but have been the focu

229 Carcinoid tumors arise from neuroendocrine cells and may

230 vasoactive substances into the circulation, carcinoid tumors can cause right-sided valvular heart di

231 The radiographic responses in patients with carcinoid tumors comprised a minor response in 2 patient

232 matic responses in patients with functioning carcinoid tumors comprised complete resolution in 3 of t

233 neuroendocrine tumors; its activity against carcinoid tumors could not be definitively determined in

234 study indicates that methylation profile of carcinoid tumors differs from PETs, reflecting different

235 ation of surgery increased significantly for carcinoid tumors from 78.8% to 87.4% (P < 0.0001).

236 dy demonstrates that (1) incidence rates for carcinoid tumors have changed, (2) the most common gastr

237 The overall incidence rates for carcinoid tumors have increased significantly over the p

238 w evidence with respect to the prevalence of carcinoid tumors in the middle and right lower lobe, wit

239 persons aged 50 to 54 years, in whom rectal carcinoid tumors increased by 159% (2.36 to 6.10 per 100

240 From 1973 to 2004, the incidence of carcinoid tumors increased more than 4-fold (2.1 to 9.3

241 derstanding of the biologic basis of gastric carcinoid tumors increases, the treatment will likely be

242 The incidence of carcinoid tumors is much greater than previously recogni

243 cal arenas, the optimal treatment of gastric carcinoid tumors is still a matter of debate.

244 Patients with stage IV carcinoid tumors may benefit from more aggressive surgic

245 Carcinoid tumors of the liver are rare and pose a diagno

246 ears of follow-up, 60 adenocarcinomas and 80 carcinoid tumors of the small intestine were diagnosed.

247 trast, we noted a markedly elevated risk for carcinoid tumors of the small intestine with saturated f

248 sed meat intake and either adenocarcinoma or carcinoid tumors of the small intestine.

249 Carcinoid tumors often present with metastatic disease.

250 predictors of LN positivity were histology (carcinoid tumors OR 12.78, 95% CI 9.01-18.12), increasin

251 Carcinoid tumors secrete many different types of substan

252 Methylation was more frequent in carcinoid tumors than PETs at MGMT (25 versus 0%, p = 0.

253 e groups, thus affecting the contribution of carcinoid tumors to overall cancer cases over time.

254 The median overall survival in patients with carcinoid tumors was 47 mo (95% confidence interval, 32-

255 Carcinoid tumors were common, representing approximately

256 Carcinoid tumors were frequently methylated at RARbeta,

257 wo hundred forty-nine patients with advanced carcinoid tumors were randomized to either doxorubicin w

258 Colon-only carcinoid tumors were rare.

259 with advanced pancreatic endocrine tumors or carcinoid tumors were treated with rhEndostatin administ

260 increased considerably, primarily because of carcinoid tumors which are now the most common small bow

261 es permit identification and localization of carcinoid tumors with greater accuracy.

262 months for pancreatic NETs v 7.3 months for carcinoid tumors).

263 months for pancreatic NETs v 18.8 months for carcinoid tumors).

264 s, 33% among pheochromocytomas, and 7% among carcinoid tumors).

265 We studied 16 carcinoid tumors, 11 PETs, and 22 associated normal muco

266 an increased risk of gastric polyps, gastric carcinoid tumors, and possibly adenocarcinomas.

267 ighly up-regulated in human gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors, and we sought to define its pathogenic

268 ed for more aggressive surgical treatment of carcinoid tumors, especially in the setting of hepatic m

269 that characteristically are up-regulated in carcinoid tumors, including neurotensin and connective t

270 he current biologic understanding of gastric carcinoid tumors, including the role of hypergastrinemia

271 st to the relatively conserved karyotypes of carcinoid tumors, the karyotypes of SCLC tumors and cell

272 For pancreatic neuroendocrine and carcinoid tumors, traditional cytotoxic chemotherapies h

273 agnosis, management, and treatment of rectal carcinoid tumors, with special emphasis on minimally inv

274 otreotide to treat symptomatic patients with carcinoid tumors.

275 le development of various cancers, including carcinoid tumors.

276 ong patients with metastatic or unresectable carcinoid tumors.

277 ctive in pancreatic endocrine tumors than in carcinoid tumors.

278 eans for diagnosis of primary and metastatic carcinoid tumors.

279 ent of adverse effects caused by products of carcinoid tumors.

280 d to be an option for selected patients with carcinoid tumors.

281 , A2, and A3Rs were present in BON cells and carcinoid tumors.

282 ents (4 male, 4 female) with primary hepatic carcinoid tumors.

283 has been commonly observed in patients with carcinoid tumors.

284 ease stabilization in patients with advanced carcinoid tumors.

285 in patients with small bowel neuroendocrine (carcinoid) tumors, irrespective of symptom status.

286 sectable or metastatic), well differentiated carcinoid tumours of the lung or thymus, with radiologic

287 ith metastatic or locally advanced grade 1-2 carcinoid tumours or pancreatic NETs, by use of a single

288 ponses in the first stage of the cohort with carcinoid tumours, and we terminated accrual at 20 patie

289 with pancreatic NETs and 20 individuals with carcinoid tumours.

290 r patients with pancreatic NETs, but not for carcinoid tumours; a randomised controlled phase 3 study

291 Patients were stratified by carcinoid type (typical vs atypical) and line of study t

292 enocarcinoma, squamous cell, large cell, and carcinoid using nearest neighbor analysis.

293 Carcinoid valve cusps demonstrated the unusual finding o

294 by echo had cardiac surgery, 3 primarily for carcinoid valve disease and 2 for non-carcinoid cardiac

295 This scenario may occur in carcinoid valve disease because serotonin can induce int

296 Carcinoid valve disease was present in 8 of the 11 MCH p

297 (0.02%), 7 patients received a diagnosis of carcinoids vs 31 reference individuals, and 48 patients

298 In all five patients with NF-1, the carcinoids were located in the periampullary region.

299 Most carcinoids were located in the proximal duodenum (10 in

300 h small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) or pulmonary carcinoid, were enrolled between 2007 and 2008, 35 on in