ライフサイエンスコーパス: cecum

1 ll intestine (duodenum) and large intestine (cecum).

2 on of S Typhimurium replication in the mouse cecum.

3 raintestinal growth but not in growth in the cecum.

4 of ca. 90% of normal microbial taxa from the cecum.

5 lonoscopy by infusing fresh donor feces into cecum.

6 not trigger overt inflammation in the murine cecum.

7 nects both segments at 80 cm proximal to the cecum.

8 duodenum, ileum, jejunum and colon, and the cecum.

9 small bowel mucosa from the duodenum to the cecum.

10 growth and toxin production in the colon and cecum.

11 r localized in the mucus layer of the murine cecum.

12 ved 89% of infused water upon arrival to the cecum.

13 losely reflected its ability to colonize the cecum.

14 upports the dietary hypothesis for the avian cecum.

15 was impaired in its ability to colonize the cecum.

16 senger RNA and/or protein were determined in cecum.

17 type I collagen, and cytokine expression in cecum.

18 decreased butyric acid concentration in the cecum.

19 undant in surface columnar epithelium in the cecum.

20 s associated with IL-27p28 expression in the cecum.

21 nstream signaling gene expression within the cecum.

22 direct inoculation of P. aeruginosa into the cecum.

23 , one in the ascending colon, and one in the cecum.

24 sa and various virulence components into the cecum.

25 f epithelial proliferation at the tip of the cecum.

26 throughout the gut epithelium, including the cecum.

27 thelial cells develop serrated polyps in the cecum.

28 of Paneth cells, and absence of mucus in the cecum.

29 To be effective they must reach the cecum.

30 the follicle-associated epithelium of mouse cecum.

31 or its various components directly into the cecum.

32 terocytes of duodenum, proximal jejunum, and cecum.

33 ated with pathology (lesion severity) in the cecum.

34 numbers of E. coli bacteria adhering to the cecum.

35 ific domains were present in the stomach and cecum.

36 red midgut-hindgut union and agenesis of the cecum.

37 e ileum and colon and GLP-1(-)/PYY(-) in the cecum.

38 and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 3 in the cecum.

39 f mice, affecting mainly the right colon and cecum.

40 n epithelial cells of the proximal colon and cecum.

41 a disease-protective role for IL-17A in the cecum.

42 and decreased neutrophil infiltration in the cecum.

43 the intestine but developed SPs only in the cecum.

44 rkedly inhibited the formation of SPs in the cecum.

45 lonic tumorigenesis, most notably within the cecum.

46 rates a two-centimeter ulcerated mass in the cecum.

47 and inflammatory cytokine expression in the cecum 5 days after infection of mice.

48 of measured bile acids in serum (81.2%), the cecum (97.7%), and the rectum (97.5%).

49 ion of IL-22 caused luminal narrowing of the cecum-a feature reminiscent of fibrotic strictures seen

50 was assessed using a rabbit sidewall defect-cecum abrasion model, where it was applied to both injur

51 ccumulate and cause gut acidification in the cecum, accompanied by significant changes in the microbi

52 Furthermore, we show evidence that the cecum acts a biological sump holding large concentration

53 However, in the cecum, advancing ENCCs pause for approximately 12 h, and

54 Autophagy was induced in small intestine and cecum after infection with S typhimurium, and required A

55 A was lethal to mice when injected into the cecum after partial hepatectomy.

56 ly increased the butyric acid content in the cecum and arrested hyperglycemia through the regulation

57 at the hepatic flexure in 4 patients (36%), cecum and ascending colon (4 pts, 36%), rectosigmoid (2

58 Paneth cells are normally present in human cecum and ascending colon, but are rarely found in desce

59 ded laterally, overlying the position of the cecum and ascending colon.

60 e lumen and mucosal surface of the colon and cecum and causes crypt hyperplasia and mucosal inflammat

61 tures with EPEC, colonizes mice in colon and cecum and causes inflammation, but typically little or n

62 a led to parasite invasion of the intestinal cecum and cecal tonsils.

63 highest concentration of CYP2Cs occurred in cecum and colon (cecum >/= proximal colon >> distal colo

64 transcripts were expressed at high levels in cecum and colon and at lower levels in small intestine.

65 hich colonizes primarily the surfaces of the cecum and colon and causes transient mucosal inflammatio

66 re alpha-defensins are abundant in MMP7(-/-) cecum and colon due to luminal proteolytic activation by

67 The cecum and colon had immunoreactivity for neuronal TRPA1,

68 communities associated with the mucus of the cecum and colon is an important early step in GI tract c

69 similar colonization levels of WT(Hc) in the cecum and colon of both B6 and IL-10(-/-) mice.

70 icantly improves pathological changes in the cecum and colon of C. difficile-infected mice and reduce

71 olonization levels of WT H. hepaticus in the cecum and colon of male mice were approximately 1,000-fo

72 LCA), a secondary bile acid prevalent in the cecum and colon of mice and humans, impairs separation o

73 Despite colonization of the cecum and colon tissues by C. fetus in SCID mice, no les

74 R, IL-22 binding protein, and IL-23R between cecum and colon, a finding that may help explain why the

75 tive processing were identified in MMP7(-/-) cecum and colon, and proteinases of host and microbial o

76 Distal gut tissues such as cecum and colon, however, have proved considerably more

77 ies in the outer (loose) mucus layer, in the cecum and colon, starting at day 1 p.i.

78 = 0.9626) between competitive indices in the cecum and fecal samples of CBA mice at 30 days after inf

79 ral layers of the jejunum, ileum, colon, and cecum and in HT-29, T-84, T98G, and Bon cell lines.

80 C. jejuni during colonization of the chicken cecum and in two different in vitro growth phases using

81 or E. maxima, that preferentially infect the cecum and jejunum, respectively.

82 wever, an El Tor TCP(-) strain colonized the cecum and large bowel almost as well as the wild-type st

83 of viable cells were also recovered from the cecum and large bowel.

84 e in total bacterial number was noted in the cecum and large intestine with 10x LD(50) S. enterica se

85 y after weaning, then quickly retreat to the cecum and large intestine.

86 e to control or single-agent therapy) in the cecum and liver but not in the subcutis.

87 iated with increased BA concentration in the cecum and loss of CEB function.

88 increased rates of tumor development on the cecum and metastasis to the liver, as compared with sali

89 lower ileum) and the large intestine (i.e., cecum and mid-colon/rectum).

90 ne resulted in decreased colonization of the cecum and Peyer's patches of the terminal ileum and colo

91 a cecum from a donor, and then removing the cecum and placing it into the recipient's peritoneal cav

92 r S. typhimurium to efficiently colonize the cecum and PP and subsequently cause systemic typhoid-lik

93 entire gut, we have found that ENCCs in the cecum and proximal colon behave uniquely.

94 rands; ENCCs initially migrating through the cecum and proximal colon fragment from the main populati

95 -infection, with pronounced pathology in the cecum and proximal colon marked by infiltration of neutr

96 with electrodes chronically implanted in the cecum and proximal colon or in vitro in distal colon; fe

97 tern of migration to distinct regions of the cecum and proximal colon.

98 ly implanted intraparietal electrodes in the cecum and proximal colon.

99 ssue repair in order to seal off the injured cecum and reduce bacterial spread as well as ameliorate

100 In the cecum and sigmoid colon, but not in the rectum, the prol

101 ith Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium; cecum and small-intestine tissues were collected for imm

102 , but inflammatory changes may extend to the cecum and terminal ileum.

103 rol) after a barrier was laid in between the cecum and the abdominal wall.

104 ates of intestinal cell proliferation in the cecum and the distal colon were culture positive signifi

105 c and Kras yielded microadenomas in both the cecum and the proximal colon, which progressed to macroa

106 e in tumor incidence and multiplicity in the cecum and the proximal colon.

107 d 48 hours after their introduction into the cecum and their PA-I expression was assessed.

108 from antigen sampling M cells in the rabbit cecum and tonsils.

109 wo separate synchronous colon cancers in the cecum and transverse colon; she had undergone a colonosc

110 cecal mucus isolated directly from the mouse cecum and, like its parent, survived well after reaching

111 neurons in the lateral DMV projecting to the cecum and/or proximal colon.

112 The cecums and large intestines were studied for numbers of

113 terms of the number of CFU/organ (colon and cecum) and in terms of the amount of hyperplasia, as mea

114 irradiated sites (rectosigmoid, sigmoid, and cecum), and nonirradiated sites (the rest of the colon).

115 h nodes, increased expression of Ido1 in the cecum, and a complete absence of mast cell and IgE produ

116 to the absorptive epithelial cells in ileum, cecum, and colon along with TRPV6.

117 lesions simultaneously affecting the liver, cecum, and colon are associated with natural infection o

118 ed with the bolus in the stomach, intestine, cecum, and colon of five captive mice.

119 omplete (organ plus luminal contents) ileum, cecum, and colon of MMP7-null and wild-type mice were an

120 rous animals, specialized organs (the rumen, cecum, and colon) have evolved that allow highly efficie

121 in four intestinal regions (jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon) of outbred Swiss Webster (SW) mice.

122 s present in rat duodenum, proximal jejunum, cecum, and colon, and a 6.5-kilobase transcript is prese

123 ays), and epithelial infection in the ileum, cecum, and colon.

124 ies were taken at 20 cm from the anal verge, cecum, and descending colon.

125 atively abundant in the SO, duodenum, ileum, cecum, and distal colon, with fewer neurons and nerve fi

126 -fold) of the gastrointestinal tract (ileum, cecum, and feces) and visceral organs (bursa and spleen)

127 limited to the corpus allatum (CA), gastric cecum, and malpighian tubules.

128 r H. hepaticus colonization of the liver and cecum, and microscopic morphometric evaluations of the l

129 The mutant was outcompeted in the ileum, cecum, and midcolon, suggesting that Lpf contributes to

130 orphological regions: foregut, prececal gut, cecum, and postcecal gut.

131 otuberculosis localizes to the distal ileum, cecum, and proximal colon of the gastrointestinal tract

132 n the metabolic state of the terminal ileum, cecum, and sigmoid colon.

133 CFTR Cl(-) channel, were reduced in jejunum, cecum, and trachea of Nkcc1(-/-) mice, indicating that N

134 uding the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, colon and rectum.

135 osal barrier function may be enriched in the cecum as a result of metabolic differences of the surrou

136 group, the incidence of tumor growth on the cecum as well as the frequency of hepatic metastasis was

137 sterol but reduced coprostanol levels in the cecum, as well as elevated atherogenic lysophosphatidylc

138 oxide synthase, and gamma interferon in the cecum, as well as elevated Th1-associated serum immunogl

139 mRNA and protein expression in the ileum and cecum, as well as preproglucagon (Gcg) and neurotensin (

140 ncer was defined as any tumor arising in the cecum, ascending colon, hepatic flexure, or transverse c

141 colon, sigmoid colon, or rectum vs appendix, cecum, ascending colon, hepatic flexure, or transverse c

142 colon, sigmoid colon, or rectum vs appendix, cecum, ascending colon, hepatic flexure, or transverse c

143 as a ripple effect on the host regulation of cecum-associated metabolic networks.

144 ia and mucosal inflammation in the colon and cecum at 2 but not 6 weeks, whereas B-cell-deficient mic

145 rked to severe inflammation in the colon and cecum at days 7 and 28 and intense inflammation of the s

146 antibodies and lectins to Peyer's patch and cecum biopsy specimens from three normal individuals and

147 Car1(CreER) KI caused tumor formation in the cecum but did not yield adenomas in the proximal colon.

148 ntribute to defense against infection in the cecum but not extracolonically at this stage of Salmonel

149 o the intestinal epithelium in the ileum and cecum but not in the colon.

150 hibited a defect for the colonization of the cecum but not of the Peyer's patches, mesenteric lymph n

151 the cecum while butyrate was present in the cecum but not the ileum.

152 in the intestinal cells and in the lumen of cecum, but it can be released through the tegumental sur

153 cAMP-stimulated epithelial cells of NBC1-/- cecum, but pH(i) regulation during sodium removal and re

154 of bioluminescent bacteria localized in the cecum by 3 h postinfection, indicating that the cecum is

155 cholecystokinin expression in the ileum and cecum by changing microbiota composition and metabolism.

156 including reversing microbiota complexity in cecum by increasing Lactobacillus and decreased Desulfov

157 ned as the time when removal of the necrotic cecum by rescue surgery is no longer effective.

158 ersistent colonization of WT H. hepaticus in cecum, colon, and jejunum but only transient colonizatio

159 cells of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, stomach, cecum, colon, and kidney proximal tubule S 3 segments.

160 s of the digestive tract, including stomach, cecum, colon, and rectum, or other mouse tissues such as

161 vated levels of Th2 cytokines and diminished cecum colonization after wild-type challenge.

162 ecal EHEC sIgA, with pVAX-56.2 reducing EHEC cecum colonization.

163 The liver- and cecum-colonizing abilities of the strains was estimated

164 Reg) cells are enriched in the healthy human cecum compared to the terminal ileum and sigmoid colon,

165 -fold reduction in colonization of the chick cecum compared to wild-type C. jejuni strain 81-176.

166 tration and pH to elicit invasion, while the cecum contained no detectable formate.

167 d that among extrahepatic tissues, colon and cecum contained the highest amount of CYP2Cs.

168 microbiota transplantation by oral gavage of cecum content obtained from donor CTRL- or HFD-treated m

169 elected Gram-negative bacteria obtained from cecum content of HFD+BDL-treated mice.

170 sensitivity), then given fungicide and donor cecum content via oral gavage.

171 Microbial communities in the intestine and cecum displayed characteristic GH profiles matching dist

172 However, the cecum draining lymph node (cLN), the gut tissue, and the

173 of gamma interferon expression in the murine cecum early (12 h) after serotype Typhimurium infection

174 uced decreases in the levels of SCFAs in the cecum enhances the growth and GI colonization of C. albi

175 antation, involved ligating and puncturing a cecum from a donor, and then removing the cecum and plac

176 rmation of gastrointestinal buds such as the cecum from the midgut, but the mechanisms regulating thi

177 ation of CYP2Cs occurred in cecum and colon (cecum >/= proximal colon >> distal colon), with lower le

178 all tissues examined from adult mice (brain, cecum, heart, kidney, liver, lung, spleen, and Peyer's p

179 cancer risk for smoking in subsites from the cecum (HR = 1.41) to the proximal colon (excluding the c

180 = 1.41) to the proximal colon (excluding the cecum; HR = 1.27) to the distal colon (HR = 1.04; P for

181 ween B6 QTL on Chr. 8 and 18 contributing to cecum hyperplasia were particularly striking.

182 as found to reduce C. jejuni colonization in cecum, ileum and jejunum, by more than one log CFU/g whe

183 nt increase in C. jejuni colonization in the cecum in a parasite dose-dependent manner but a signific

184 lves response to fecal contents and necrotic cecum in addition to microbial challenge, in this study,

185 right-sided sigmoid colon as air within the cecum in children suspected of having abnormalities such

186 splanted by attachment to the surface of the cecum in control and liver-specific IGF-I-deficient (LID

187 uced, especially in the distal ileum and the cecum in experimental cirrhosis with BT (excluding PVL).

188 f the ileum and colon, are homologous to the cecum in mammals.

189 r 6 - 12 months old, and in the duodenum and cecum in older animals at a lower frequency.

190 acterial spread, possibly by sealing off the cecum in the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model of

191 immune response of the chronically infected cecum in unprecedented detail.

192 the adherence of the E. coli isolates to the cecum in vivo following host catabolic stress.

193 and neurotensin (Nts) mRNA expression in the cecum, increased in KHK-F mice.

194 onoscopies with adequate bowel cleansing and cecum intubation at 132 centers in the Polish National C

195 trate measurements suggested that the murine cecum is a nitrate-limited environment.

196 Colonic ischemia isolated to the cecum is a rare entity.

197 lopment of these intestinal neoplasms in the cecum is driven by the interplay between genetic changes

198 um by 3 h postinfection, indicating that the cecum is not only a major colonization site of EPEC but

199 data suggest that colonization of the murine cecum is required for efficient fecal shedding in mice.

200 mouse embryos have agenesis of the embryonic cecum, lacking both mesenchymal expansion and an epithel

201 ted with shortening of colon length, reduced cecum length, decreased crypt heights, and increased sev

202 uced by cecal ligation and puncture with the cecum ligated below the cecal valve at 25%, 50%, and 75%

203 tal animal models, particularly the model of cecum ligation and puncture (CLP).

204 eceptor 2-/- mice were divided into sham and cecum ligation and puncture groups.

205 Mice were also subjected to cecum ligation and puncture, a model used to induce peri

206 ham animals underwent laparotomy but without cecum ligation and puncture.

207 y relevant model of sepsis, was generated by cecum ligation and puncture.

208 ngent mouse model of polymicrobial sepsis by cecum ligation and puncture.

209 severe polymicrobial sepsis was induced with cecum ligation and puncture.

210 abetic mice with mild sepsis (MS) induced by cecum ligation and puncture.

211 Using an animal model of sepsis, cecum ligation, and puncture, we observed that mice beca

212 some (Chr.) 3 contributed to lesions in both cecum [logarithm of odds ratio (LOD) = 14.6)] and colon

213 ds, Fgf10 expression is found throughout the cecum mesenchyme.

214 nt bacterial clones that were present in the cecum, mesenteric lymph nodes, and spleen 5 days postinf

215 erminal ileum but normal colonization of the cecum, mesenteric lymph nodes, and spleen.

216 222 patients from the endoscopically normal cecum, midtransverse colon, and rectum.

217 uptake, the most common areas of uptake were cecum (n = 65), sigmoid (n = 60), and ascending colon (n

218 type strain NRRL YB-4349, CBS 9733, from the cecum of a horse).

219 on of clones that overexpress Tiam1 into the cecum of athymic mice resulted in tumor growth in the sp

220 otype Typhimurium to colonize the spleen and cecum of BALB/c mice 5 days after infection.

221 tration varied in the duodenum, jejunum, and cecum of chicken intestine, and the inhibitory effect of

222 bacterium naturally colonising the rumen and cecum of herbivores where it utilizes an enigmatic mecha

223 Ileum and cecum of Lewis rats were subserosally injected with pept

224 s, and were nonlethal when injected into the cecum of mice after 30% surgical hepatectomy.

225 y to induce mortality when injected into the cecum of mice after a 30% hepatectomy.

226 r the introduction of P. aeruginosa into the cecum of mice after a 30% hepatectomy.

227 ulosis mutants that failed to survive in the cecum of mice after orogastric inoculation.

228 ncreased in vivo by local factors within the cecum of mice in response to surgical stress.

229 d in the intestinal tract, is induced in the cecum of mice resistant to Trichuris muris infection.

230 uris induced an elevated Th1 response in the cecum of naive wild-type mice and accelerated colitis in

231 n cancer cells growing orthotopically in the cecum of nude mice expressed a high level of EGF, EGFR,

232 ur when P. aeruginosa is introduced into the cecum of sham operated control mice.

233 hepatectomy, strains were retrieved from the cecum of sham-operated and hepatectomy-treated mice 24 a

234 fatty acids (SCFAs) present in the ileum and cecum of streptomycin-treated mice and untreated control

235 and 0.5-1cm wide pouch that extends from the cecum of the large bowel.

236 shable from human GISTs were observed in the cecum of the mutant mice with high penetrance.

237 eated mice differed greatly from that of the cecum of the same mice, primarily among families of the

238 cterial populations inhabiting the ileum and cecum of TLR- and MyD88-deficient mice.

239 holic acid (CDCA), which was elevated in the cecum of WD-fed mice, increased paracellular permeabilit

240 The colons and cecums of 62 Apc1638N/+ mice were evaluated for the spon

241 robiota harvested from the distal intestine (cecum) of conventionally raised animals produces a 60% i

242 t was able to survive in the GI tract (i.e., cecum) of mice, albeit in numbers somewhat less than tho

243 In the cecum, only a putative QTL on Chr 11 was associated with

244 in the small intestine, but not those in the cecum or colon, stabilized and persisted for at least 72

245 utathione and protein carbonyl levels in the cecum or colon.

246 wild-type strain in the ileum but not in the cecum or mid-colon, raising the possibility that CadA ne

247 (P < 0.0079) and trended to be higher in the cecum (P < 0.15) in the HhcdtBm7-colonized male mice ver

248 en near-neutral posterior midgut and gastric cecum (pH 7-8).

249 m tissue-adhered and luminal bacteria of the cecum, proximal colon, and distal colon, which allowed u

250 dentical laparotomy but without ligation and cecum puncture.

251 is, expression of villin in the duodenum and cecum requires different regulatory sequences than the r

252 pha(+) (PDGRFA(+)) fibroblasts isolated from cecum, resulting in increased expression of MMP3.

253 Microbial DNA analyses in feces and cecum revealed transplantation of donor microbial commun

254 average height of proliferating cells in the cecum, sigmoid colon, and rectum and increases cell prol

255 Biopsy specimens from the cecum, sigmoid colon, and rectum were collected at basel

256 t with streptomycin altered the SCFAs in the cecum, significantly decreasing the concentration of ace

257 are like other carbohydrates that reach the cecum, such as nonstarch polysaccharides, sugar alcohols

258 Nevertheless, they had smaller cecum suggesting a mildly compromised intestinal develop

259 cause defects in colonization of the murine cecum, suggesting roles for one or more effector Yops in

260 d in higher propionate concentrations in the cecum than did no supplementation (P < 0.05).

261 at Helicobacter organisms concentrate in the cecum, the preferred site of tumor development.

262 MET-1 also preserved cecum tight junction protein expression, and reduced S.

263 es of withdrawal of the colonoscope from the cecum to the anus (range, 3.1 to 16.8 minutes for proced

264 nic surface, was manually extracted from the cecum to the descending colon.

265 atory lesions in the area extending from the cecum to the rectum.

266 expansion and mutational frequency from the cecum to the sigmoid colon and link this to the increasi

267 or (VEGF) as well as vessel abundance in the cecum tumors was dependent on the levels of serum IGF-I.

268 eeks of age and showed more pathology in the cecum (typhlitis) than we observed with E. faecalis-indu

269 ted in the small intestine but pass into the cecum unchanged, where they are selectively utilized by

270 to show typical organization of the damaged cecum wall.

271 de 3D endoluminal fly-through from rectum to cecum was 76.6% +/- 4.8% (range, 63%-92%); coverage was

272 Colonoscopy to the level of the cecum was completed in 97.0 percent of the patients.

273 The necrotic cecum was excised 10 hours thereafter, and the survival

274 In additional rats, the necrotic cecum was excised at 20 hours after CLP following AM/AMB

275 In additional animals, the necrotic cecum was excised at 20 hrs after cecal ligation and pun

276 In additional animals, the necrotic cecum was excised at 20 hrs after cecal ligation and pun

277 The necrotic cecum was excised at 20 hrs post-CLP, and 10-day surviva

278 filling blind loop (SFBL) was created or the cecum was excluded from the fecal stream in specific pat

279 Bacterial DNA from the cecum was extracted for deep metagenomic sequencing.

280 The cecum was identified and scored using an abrasive pad un

281 The cecum was ligated and punctured to produce abdominal sep

282 gation and puncture (CLP) model, whereby the cecum was partially ligated and punctured nine times wit

283 harvested from the chicken intestinal lumen (cecum) was compared with that of a late-log-phase LB bro

284 ducts animals, as well as an increase in the cecum weight (an indicator of a diet rich in prebiotic f

285 , an increase in the stool amount and in the cecum weight/body weight ratio was observed in animals f

286 The colon and cecum were collected for histopathology.

287 Average Po2 values in the lumen of the cecum were extremely low (<1 mm Hg).

288 143 had MR images in which the appendix and cecum were identifiable in the sagittal plane.

289 e liver, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, and cecum were sequentially harvested and cultured.

290 cids propionate, acetate and butyrate in the cecum were significantly reduced in 13-week high-fat cho

291 The pathologic changes in the cecum were similar in both groups except for the lack of

292 ion in all small intestinal segments and the cecum when compared with chow (p <.05).

293 neutrophil infiltration in lung, liver, and cecum, when compared with vehicle treatment.

294 appeared normal but were up-regulated in the cecum, where GISTs were commonly found.

295 ds, seminal vesicles, bone marrow cells, and cecum, where it was the major K-Ras isoform expressed.

296 n the ileum but low or not detectable in the cecum while butyrate was present in the cecum but not th

297 rimarily in the distal half of the colon and cecum with lower levels detectable in the proximal colon

298 ks to months, predominantly in the colon and cecum, with lower concentrations of bacteria present in

299 y procedures, the capsule does not reach the cecum within recording time.

300 Removal of the injury source, ligated cecum, within 6 h of the initial insult resulted in incr