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1 the dissociation constant (K(d))(1-6) of the chemoreceptor.
2 sensitivity are not known for any eukaryotic chemoreceptor.
3 pH-sensitive, as expected for a respiratory chemoreceptor.
4 d acid, indicating that it is a bifunctional chemoreceptor.
5 each other and with CheA independent of the chemoreceptors.
6 gered by activation of peripheral or central chemoreceptors.
7 timulation of the kinase by certain types of chemoreceptors.
8 the mechanism of transmembrane signaling in chemoreceptors.
9 aling in the cytoplasmic domain of bacterial chemoreceptors.
10 ple chemotaxis systems and a large number of chemoreceptors.
11 le effect on the CO2/H(+)-sensitivity of RTN chemoreceptors.
12 stent with their role as central respiratory chemoreceptors.
13 es CO2/H(+) responsiveness of other putative chemoreceptors.
14 ated with highly duplicated families such as chemoreceptors.
15 mini that send opposing signals in bacterial chemoreceptors.
16 poxaemia and acidosis in peripheral arterial chemoreceptors.
17 s act with high specificity on their cognate chemoreceptors.
18 hrough highly cooperative, ordered arrays of chemoreceptors.
19 which does not rely on previously identified chemoreceptors.
20 e) and peripheral (primarily O(2)-sensitive) chemoreceptors.
21 both been proposed to be central respiratory chemoreceptors.
22 al and interdependent feedback regulation by chemoreceptors.
23 ontrolling chemotaxis, utilizes the other 23 chemoreceptors.
27 ould not be attributed to changes of central chemoreceptor activity (hypocapnia prevailed); altered a
28 at the cellular level that ACh increases RTN chemoreceptor activity by a CO2/H(+) independent mechani
29 nstantaneous increase or decrease of central chemoreceptor activity by activating or inhibiting the r
30 stive heart failure (CHF), carotid body (CB) chemoreceptor activity is enhanced and is associated wit
31 muscarinic receptor activation to changes in chemoreceptor activity may provide new potential therape
35 of fluorescent tracer onto carotid body for chemoreceptor afferents or onto aortic depressor nerve f
36 ansmembrane (TM) helices of Escherichia coli chemoreceptors alone are sufficient to mediate clusterin
37 l complex perturbs the polar localization of chemoreceptors, alters cell motility, and affects chemot
39 owards As(III), however, the related As(III) chemoreceptor and regulatory mechanism remain unknown.
40 , a model organism for chemotaxis that has 5 chemoreceptors and a single chemosensory pathway, Pseudo
41 two species, Salmonella genomes contain some chemoreceptors and an additional protein, CheV, that are
42 ylation of the cytosolic signaling domain of chemoreceptors and are among the core proteins of chemos
43 A CheW had essentially the same affinity for chemoreceptors and CheA, cells expressing the mutant pro
45 ives autophosphorylation control inputs from chemoreceptors and in turn regulates the flux of signali
46 m of neuromodulation mediated by the carotid chemoreceptors and involving both the sympathetic and pa
47 a has also evolved an expanded repertoire of chemoreceptors and odorant binding proteins, many associ
49 an exquisitely high density of 3 x 10(5) GC chemoreceptors and subnanomolar ligand affinity provide
50 protein that mediates the association of the chemoreceptors and the CheA kinase in a ternary signalin
51 largely redundant abilities to interact with chemoreceptors and the CheA kinase, and both similarly a
54 rtion of RTN neurons are central respiratory chemoreceptors and there is mounting evidence for bioche
55 show that AgTRPA1 is an inherent thermo- and chemoreceptor, and analogous to what has been reported f
56 sponse gains physiological, and carotid body chemoreceptors are driven by a wide range of O2 and/or C
58 gests that the principal central respiratory chemoreceptors are located within the retrotrapezoid nuc
63 graphy, we explore V. cholerae's cytoplasmic chemoreceptor array and establish that it is formed by p
65 to their environment through a transmembrane chemoreceptor array whose structure and function have be
71 During bacterial chemotaxis, transmembrane chemoreceptor arrays regulate autophosphorylation of the
72 redundant for formation of the higher order chemoreceptor arrays that are known to form via CheA-Che
73 s of nearly all the individual components of chemoreceptor arrays, ECT has revealed the mesoscale inf
74 st common applications has been to bacterial chemoreceptor arrays, ECT's contributions to this field
76 ligomerization patterns observed for related chemoreceptors, as higher loading of Aer dimers into nan
77 ine activity and CO2/H(+)-sensitivity of RTN chemoreceptors, as well as to dissect the signalling pat
78 em consists of large arrays of transmembrane chemoreceptors associated with a dedicated histidine kin
81 c responses to apnoea result from changes of chemoreceptor, baroreceptor or lung stretch receptor inp
82 ur study, could not be attributed to altered chemoreceptor, baroreceptor, or pulmonary stretch recept
83 o suggest that >75% of these Nmb neurons are chemoreceptors because they are strongly activated by hy
85 acterial cell (e.g. type IV pili, holdfasts, chemoreceptors), but perhaps none show so many distinct
86 ns are both candidates for central CO(2) /pH chemoreceptors, but it is not known how interactions bet
87 These results show that ACh activates RTN chemoreceptors by a CO2/H(+) independent mechanism invol
92 nergic Phox2b-expressing central respiratory chemoreceptors (CCRs), is the site of such plasticity.
93 to peripheral control of breathing, central chemoreceptors (CCs) are considered a dominant mechanism
94 (TRPA1), and that HNO activates the sensory chemoreceptor channel TRPA1 via formation of amino-termi
95 tron cryotomography to image the cytoplasmic chemoreceptor cluster in Rhodobacter sphaeroides and Vib
96 in curved agar microchambers, and find that chemoreceptor cluster localization is highly sensitive t
97 of the protein complex and does not rely on chemoreceptor clustering, as was previously shown for Es
98 the system's components, it is not clear how chemoreceptor clusters are reliably targeted to the cell
99 li Tol-Pal complex restricts mobility of the chemoreceptor clusters at the cell poles and may be invo
103 al worms contain compact and highly diverged chemoreceptor complements and lineage-specific ion chann
104 The carotid body (CB) is a major arterial chemoreceptor containing glomus cells whose activities a
105 reliable, sensitive, measure of the carotid chemoreceptor contribution to tonic sympathetic nervous
106 ring REM sleep because fR is no longer under chemoreceptor control and thus could explain why central
110 nflammatory network was abrogated by carotid chemoreceptor denervation and by pharmacological blockad
111 ugh much is known about the structure of the chemoreceptors, details of the receptor dynamics and the
112 mplexes contain two trimers of transmembrane chemoreceptor dimers, each trimer binding a coupling pro
115 presence of CheR, a variety of mutant serine chemoreceptors displayed up to 40-fold enhanced detectio
116 tive and reliable means of quantifying tonic chemoreceptor-driven levels of sympathetic nervous syste
117 y of treatment approaches aimed at lessening chemoreceptor-driven sympathetic overactivity are now un
118 factory receptor neurons (ORNs) that express chemoreceptors encoded by large gene families, including
120 tion and genetic sex to dynamically modulate chemoreceptor expression and influence the feeding-versu
121 ts--somatic sex, age, and feeding status--on chemoreceptor expression highlights sensory function as
122 n Brugia malayi, an etiological agent of LF, chemoreceptor expression patterns correspond to distinct
124 oducing planarians, and identified an orphan chemoreceptor family member, ophis, that controls differ
127 discuss the potential relevance of this dual chemoreceptor feedback to cardiorespiratory abnormalitie
128 x chemosensory network, which consists of 26 chemoreceptors feeding into four chemosensory pathways.
131 an approach for designing boronic acid-based chemoreceptors for the recognition and quantification of
132 fragments of normally transmembrane E. coli chemoreceptors form similar sandwiched structures in the
133 interacts with specific domains of CheA and chemoreceptors from an orthologous group exemplified by
135 nding molecular mechanisms that regulate RTN chemoreceptor function may identify therapeutic targets
136 le of KCNQ channels in the regulation of RTN chemoreceptor function, and suggest that these channels
137 e also show species-specific expansions of a chemoreceptor gene family related to pheromone and kairo
138 rophic shifts in insects are associated with chemoreceptor gene loss as recently evolved ecologies sh
139 udes alternative alleles of srx-44, a second chemoreceptor gene that modifies pheromone sensitivity.
141 esults and genome-wide evidence suggest that chemoreceptor genes may be preferred sites of adaptive v
142 current model of O2 sensing by carotid body chemoreceptor (glomus) cells is that hypoxia inhibits th
148 is recently appreciated that many bacterial chemoreceptors have ligand-binding domains (LBD) of the
151 ince the 1960s to harbor central respiratory chemoreceptors [i.e., acid-activated neurons that regula
152 selective ablation of the carotid body (CB) chemoreceptors improves cardiorespiratory control and su
156 report the identification of a novel type of chemoreceptors in human keratinocytes, the olfactory rec
157 tify the curvature-dependent localization of chemoreceptors in live cells by artificially deforming g
158 he carotid bodies (CBs), the main peripheral chemoreceptors in mammals, to hypoxia and CO(2)-induced
160 lial cells (NECs), which are putative oxygen chemoreceptors, increased significantly when these cells
161 of the core signaling unit and suggest that chemoreceptors indirectly sequester the kinase and subst
164 e that hyperaddition is the dominant form of chemoreceptor interaction in quiet wakefulness when the
166 we introduce a biophysical model of bilayer-chemoreceptor interactions, which allows us to quantify
168 species, the presence of a larger number of chemoreceptors is likely to contribute to the ability of
169 nsion monitored by the peripheral (arterial) chemoreceptors is not sensitive to regional CNS differen
170 The mechanism of oxygen sensing in arterial chemoreceptors is unknown but has often been linked to m
171 s, suggests a series of "gateway" states for chemoreceptor lattice assembly, and provides a simple me
172 dicts the observed honeycomb architecture of chemoreceptor lattices as well as the observed relative
173 -mediated interactions can yield assembly of chemoreceptor lattices at very dilute trimer concentrati
179 n HFpEF and that acute activation of central chemoreceptors leads to increases of cardiac sympathetic
180 oattractants sensed by only one of the major chemoreceptors leads to inversion of the thermotactic re
182 nd-binding domain (LBD) of the transmembrane chemoreceptor MCP2201, which governs chemotaxis to citra
183 In this report, we demonstrated that the chemoreceptor MCP2901 from Comamonas testosteroni CNB-1
185 was proposed to result from stochasticity in chemoreceptor methylation, and it is believed to enhance
186 oplasmic fragment (CF) and within the intact chemoreceptor; modulation of its dynamics is thought to
189 on afferent information from baroreceptors, chemoreceptors, nociceptors, and circulating hormones, a
190 e regulate expression of the food-associated chemoreceptor odr-10, contributing to plasticity in food
193 on of this Gly residue in the high-abundance chemoreceptors of E. coli and Salmonella enterica sugges
195 ve (CSN) conveys electrical signals from the chemoreceptors of the carotid bifurcation to the central
203 ensory pathways in P. aeruginosa utilize one chemoreceptor per pathway, whereas the fourth pathway, w
204 th in vivo ectopic expression of vomeronasal chemoreceptors, PhOTseq identified the complete combinat
206 e find that modulated expression of a single chemoreceptor plays a key role in naturally occurring va
209 the pH response from 5-HT neurons and other chemoreceptors rather than as pH sensors themselves.
210 regarding how regulation of vascular tone in chemoreceptor regions contributes to respiratory behavio
211 ive sequence analysis specifically targeting chemoreceptor regions involved in pathway interactions r
212 that CO(2)/H(+) dilates arterioles in other chemoreceptor regions, thus demonstrating CO(2)/H(+) vas
213 s.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Central respiratory chemoreceptors regulate arterial PCO2 by adjusting lung
215 understand the molecular mechanisms by which chemoreceptors regulate social behaviors, we investigate
216 by which CO(2)/H(+) -sensitive neurons (i.e. chemoreceptors) regulate breathing in response to change
220 electron cryo-tomography have revealed that chemoreceptors self-assemble into extended honeycomb lat
225 electron cryotomography to visualize mutant chemoreceptor signalling arrays in well-defined kinase a
226 ctivation is the default output state of the chemoreceptor signalling domain and that attractant stim
227 ned activation of RTN, CBs and other central chemoreceptors.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Hypercapnia and hy
228 lostery in core complexes assembled with two chemoreceptor species, each recognizing a different liga
229 nd hypoxia and hypercapnia episodes activate chemoreceptors stimulating autonomic reflex responses.
230 ve discharge was attenuated and responses to chemoreceptor stimulation and noxious stimulation were b
232 of Escherichia coli CheY protein transduces chemoreceptor stimulation to a highly cooperative flagel
233 We asked if the type of carotid body (CB) chemoreceptor stimulus influenced the ventilatory gain o
234 and CheW share the same binding spot on the chemoreceptor structure, but have some affinity bias tow
235 omodimer, similar to previously well-studied chemoreceptors such as Tar and Tsr of Escherichia coli.
236 le during swarming, and mutants lacking this chemoreceptor swarm faster and produce colonies with mor
238 amics of the periplasmic domain of aspartate chemoreceptor Tar dimer and its conformational changes w
239 ackbones in the cytoplasmic domain of intact chemoreceptor Tar homodimers inserted into lipid bilayer
240 ic domains of the Escherichia coli aspartate chemoreceptor Tar(Ec) are both strongly influenced by re
242 hia coli, the ratio of the two most abundant chemoreceptors, Tar/Tsr, has become the focus of much at
245 at includes alternative alleles of srx-43, a chemoreceptor that inhibits exploration through its acti
246 ch utilizes specialized sensory organs and a chemoreceptor that is tuned to recognize the bacteria.
250 linking the CheA kinase to certain types of chemoreceptors that cannot be effectively accommodated b
256 of the carotid body (peripheral respiratory chemoreceptors) that stimulate breathing when oxygenatio
257 in stimulating the primary autonomic oxygen chemoreceptors, the carotid bodies, in parasympathetic-m
259 nvestigated the roles of a critical class of chemoreceptors, the odorant receptors (ORs), from the po
261 ponse is largely controlled by the bacterial chemoreceptor TlpB, and the main attractant emanating fr
263 chemotactic motility that requires the TlpB chemoreceptor to sense signals generated by gastric epit
268 tor mosquito, Anopheles gambiae, depend upon chemoreceptors to respond to volatiles emitted from a ra
269 ter pylori requires a noncanonical cytosolic chemoreceptor transducer-like protein D (TlpD) for effic
271 In common with other membrane proteins, chemoreceptor trimers are expected to deform the surroun
272 assemble into extended honeycomb lattices of chemoreceptor trimers with a well-defined relative orien
273 well as the observed relative orientation of chemoreceptor trimers, suggests a series of "gateway" st
274 e that curvature sensitivity is intrinsic to chemoreceptor trimers-of-dimers, and results from confor
277 emonstrate that DHMA is sensed by the serine chemoreceptor Tsr and that the chemotaxis response requi
279 e of the homodimeric Escherichia coli serine chemoreceptor (Tsr) interacts with an adjoining four-hel
280 E402 and R404 of the Escherichia coli serine chemoreceptor, Tsr, appear to form a salt bridge that sp
281 d the mobility of the polar localized serine chemoreceptor, Tsr, labeled by the fluorescent protein V
283 n the ventilatory CO2 sensitivity of central chemoreceptors was studied in seven awake dogs with vasc
289 , the vast majority, are central respiratory chemoreceptors, whereas Nmb-high neurons likely have oth
290 active during the stimulation of peripheral chemoreceptors, which also activates adrenergic C1 cells
291 The genes encoding the Tar, Tsr, and Aer chemoreceptors, which mediate chemotaxis to a broad spec
292 y underwent an ancestral loss of Trg and Tap chemoreceptors, which sense sugars, dipeptides, and pyri
293 ys that control this directionality comprise chemoreceptors, which, along with an adaptor protein (Ch
295 moreflexes are primarily determined by brain chemoreceptors with intrinsic pH sensitivity likely driv
297 dditional adaptor for accommodating specific chemoreceptors within the chemotaxis signaling complex.
298 her modulators, controls the activity of RTN chemoreceptors without interfering with the mechanisms b
299 ypothesized that denervation of the CB (CBD) chemoreceptors would reduce SNA, reduce apnoea and arrhy