ライフサイエンスコーパス: child mortality

1 ry infection, diarrhoea, undernutrition, and child mortality).

2 13 with moderately low, and 15 with very low child mortality).

3 ive, or even cost-saving, strategy to reduce child mortality.

4 azithromycin as an intervention for reducing child mortality.

5 -0.0184, p=0.0118) associated with increased child mortality.

6 er is one of the main causes of maternal and child mortality.

7 nsition than in countries with below average child mortality.

8 increasing coverage rates in order to reduce child mortality.

9 rowth was also associated with reductions in child mortality.

10 mated to be responsible for 10.5% of overall child mortality.

11 targets for malaria, maternal mortality, and child mortality.

12 by contrast with the north-south divide for child mortality.

13 indirect effects of diarrhoeal morbidity on child mortality.

14 th-system factors associated with changes in child mortality.

15 lennium Development Goal 4--the reduction of child mortality.

16 h higher performance in countries with lower child mortality.

17 e malnutrition (AM) is an important cause of child mortality.

18 , and a 11% relative reduction in under-five child mortality.

19 d is decreasing more slowly than maternal or child mortality.

20 ctive years and is a major cause of maternal-child mortality.

21 known as Child Health Days (CHDs), to reduce child mortality.

22 key cause of the recent dramatic decrease in child mortality.

23 ae (pneumococcus) are a cause of significant child mortality.

24 rs that interrupted a continuous decrease in child mortality.

25 are made for, and on the underlying non-AIDS child mortality.

26 have important implications for reduction of child mortality.

27 ata from neighbouring countries with similar child mortality.

28 e monitored to assess pregnancy outcomes and child mortality.

29 losely as possible for geographic region and child mortality.

30 dhood pneumonia and meningitis, and decrease child mortality.

31 ) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and child mortality.

32 contraceptive uptake, and lower maternal and child mortality.

33 nt Goals (MDG) for reduction of maternal and child mortality.

34 ional gaps toward the MDG target on reducing child mortality.

35 substantial gains toward the MDG of reducing child mortality.

36 with the world's highest numbers or rates of child mortality.

37 s least developed countries with the highest child mortality.

38 ls of improving maternal health and reducing child mortality.

39 heir effect on socioeconomic inequalities in child mortality.

40 mass drug administration (MDA) could reduce child mortality.

41 studying the effect of mass azithromycin on child mortality.

42 en to reverse gains in reducing maternal and child mortality.

43 he causal pathways underpinning neonatal and child mortality.

44 dicated CD is associated with a reduction in child mortality.

45 s contribution to the global epidemiology of child mortality.

46 lance system designed to determine causes of child mortality.

47 ination, diarrhea remains a leading cause of child mortality.

48 TIs) cause substantial morbidity and under-5 child mortality.

49 ily scalable, and could substantially reduce child mortality.

50 an parasites, remain major drivers of global child mortality.

51 107 weeks) in countries with very low or low child mortality.

52 need for tracking even more local trends in child mortality.

53 ntaminated water sources is a major cause of child mortality.

54 ing recent evidence from countries with high child mortality.

55 en included in official estimates of under-5 child mortality.

56 al disease is responsible for 8.6% of global child mortality.

57 roups and adjustments for regional trends in child mortality.

58 for improvement to accelerate reductions in child mortality.

59 political transition into democracy affected child mortality.

60 parison with survey and census estimates for child mortality.

61 (MDGs) 4 and 5 for reduction of maternal and child mortality?

62 the most effective strategies for preventing child mortality(1-4).

63 he project on MDG-related outcomes including child mortality 3 years after implementation and compare

64 In countries with very high child mortality, 69% of rotavirus-positive admissions in

65 ight was associated with a decreased risk of child mortality (absolute risk difference [ARD], 0.0014;

66 Great inequity exists in child mortality across regions and in urban versus rural

67 There were disparities in child mortality across states (from 9.7 deaths [Goa] to

68 ding, we analysed local-level information on child mortality across sub-Saharan Africa between 1980-2

69 cant reduction in the annual risk of under-5 child mortality (adjusted risk ratio [RR] 0.84, 95% CI 0

70 We estimated the contributions of changes in child mortality, adult mortality, and disability to over

71 Global estimates of child mortality aetiologies, which are currently based o

72 mortality, but selenium reduced the risk of child mortality after 6 wk (RR = 0.43; 95% CI = 0.19, 0.

73 Reductions were larger in countries with low child mortality, among younger age groups, and in countr

74 R], 25-58 weeks) in countries with very high child mortality and 65 weeks (IQR, 40-107 weeks) in coun

75 aternal height was inversely associated with child mortality and anthropometric failure.

76 ility, intervention coverage, anthropometry, child mortality and cause-of-death structure were integr

77 lysed country-specific data for maternal and child mortality and coverage of selected interventions.

78 Key policies to address the major causes of child mortality and deliver high-impact interventions at

79 Niger has achieved far greater reductions in child mortality and gains in coverage for interventions

80 Organization classification of countries by child mortality and geography.

81 lactic programmes to prevent MTCT, including child mortality and infection averted.

82 al encephalopathy (NE) is a leading cause of child mortality and longer-term impairment.

83 ld maltreatment substantially contributes to child mortality and morbidity and has longlasting effect

84 Valid information about cause-specific child mortality and morbidity is an essential foundation

85 Diarrhoea, a global cause of child mortality and morbidity, is linked to adverse cons

86 Prospects for birth cohort), accounting for child mortality and parity-cancer risk associations.

87 pproach could result in sharper decreases in child mortality and stunting and higher cost-effectivene

88 marginalised populations, for averting both child mortality and stunting.

89 Progress on child mortality and undernutrition has seen widening ine

90 del, we investigated the association between child mortality and women's educational attainment, cont

91 The primary outcome was child mortality, and analyses were by intention to treat

92 s remains a major contributor to preventable child mortality, and bridging gaps in measles immunity i

93 oning outbreak, investigate risk factors for child mortality, and identify children < 5 years of age

94 On average, democratisation reduced child mortality, and the effect increased over time.

95 uses Gaussian process regression to estimate child mortality, and this technique has better out-of-sa

96 ween 1990 and 2014 in maternal, newborn, and child mortality, and unmet need for family planning, in

97 ittent water supply and waterborne diseases, child mortality, and weight for age in Hubli-Dharwad, In

98 consequences such as night blindness, higher child mortality, anemia, poor pregnancy outcomes, and re

99 and middle-income countries, where rates of child mortality are high.

100 to assess the effects of democratisation on child mortality as a proxy of health in countries that u

101 To estimate the reduction in child mortality as a result of interventions related to

102 omycin distribution has been shown to reduce child mortality as well as increase antimicrobial resist

103 Country-specific decrease in the risk for child mortality associated with a 1-cm increase in mater

104 ition programmes permitted Niger to decrease child mortality at a pace that exceeds that needed to me

105 ough effective low-cost interventions exist, child mortality attributable to sickle cell disease (SCD

106 was stronger in countries with above average child mortality before transition than in countries with

107 lain almost 50% of the observed reduction in child mortality between 2000 and 2011; and changes in nu

108 HIV contributes substantially to child mortality, but factors underlying these deaths are

109 no significant effect on neonatal or overall child mortality, but selenium reduced the risk of child

110 ntified that tap stands dramatically reduced child mortality, but were also associated with increased

111 aturation-based media campaigns could reduce child mortality by 10-20%, at a cost per disability-adju

112 ium Development Goals to reduce maternal and child mortality by 2015.

113 ons, as envisioned by the MDGs, would reduce child mortality by 26,900, 0.51 million, and 1.02 millio

114 ro exposure to pollution from burning raises child mortality by 30-36 deaths per 1,000 births, unders

115 an countries between 2001 and 2005 to reduce child mortality by at least 25% by the end of 2006.

116 We report child mortality by cause estimates in 2000-13, and cause

117 is paper, we updated our annual estimates of child mortality by cause to 2000-15 to reflect on progre

118 NSO exposure during and prior to delivery on child mortality by constructing a retrospective cohort s

119 Differences in neonatal and child mortality by education persisted for the models, a

120 The incidence of child mortality by homicide or assault decreased by 90%

121 have shown zinc supplementation to decrease child mortality by more than 50%.

122 opment Goal 4 (MDG 4) target of reduction of child mortality by two thirds from 1990 to 2015, and to

123 the millennium development goal of reducing child mortality by two-thirds by 2015 are available, but

124 nds, will be the limiting factor in reducing child mortality by two-thirds by 2015.

125 of Millennium Development Goal 4, to reduce child mortality by two-thirds, is only possible if the h

126 which are important mechanisms through which child mortality can be reduced.

127 usted empirical data on levels and causes of child mortality collected in the China Maternal and Chil

128 Despite substantial progress in reducing child mortality, concerted efforts remain necessary to a

129 e relation between health-system factors and child mortality could help to inform health policy in lo

130 Sub-national measures of child mortality could provide a more accurate, and poten

131 h important in high, medium high, and medium child mortality countries; whereas congenital abnormalit

132 1 year of age were reported to the National Child Mortality Database.

133 March 31, 2021, used data from the National Child Mortality Database.

134 Data were collated by the National Child Mortality Database.

135 As child mortality declines and the human population ages,

136 As child mortality decreases rapidly worldwide, premature a

137 Following a reduction in global child mortality due to communicable diseases, the relati

138 The significant drop in child mortality due to diarrhea has been primarily attri

139 sub-Saharan Africa, had faster decreases in child mortality during 2000-13 than during 1990-2000.

140 fforts have been focused on the reduction of child mortality during the past few decades.

141 sed on weighted averages for factors such as child mortality, economic development, openess to trade,

142 d published and unpublished data to estimate child mortality, effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate

143 31 studies were from countries with low child mortality, eight were from medium-mortality countr

144 he increasing impact of tropical cyclones on child mortality, especially in low- and middle-income co

145 We updated the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME) database with 5700

146 om the United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME) to adjust, validate

147 ow the United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME) uses a cohort compo

148 by the United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation to track country-specific cha

149 ortality data from the Interagency Group for Child Mortality Estimation, and calculated subnational r

150 ed annually by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation, which were extracted on or b

151 We assessed levels and trends in child mortality for 187 countries from 1970 to 2010.

152 We then computed counterfactual estimates of child mortality for every country year between 1970 and

153 sult from limitations of demographic data on child mortality for the most recent time period.

154 suggest effective reductions in maternal and child mortality, for which indicators have been defined,

155 Hygiene interventions reduce child mortality from diarrhea.

156 No satisfactory strategy for reducing high child mortality from malaria has yet been established in

157 Child mortality from sickle cell disease in sub-Saharan

158 Child-resistant packaging reduces child mortality from the unintentional ingestion of oral

159 intention-to-treat approach, was cumulative child mortality from treatment assignment to age 18 mont

160 Measles continues to be a major cause of child mortality globally, and rubella continues to be th

161 ue to contaminated water is a major cause of child mortality globally.

162 Child mortality has decreased faster than adult mortalit

163 In the past century, child mortality has fallen to very low rates in all deve

164 commitment to the reduction of maternal and child mortality, if translated into effective action, co

165 we used previously reported country-specific child mortality impact estimates of childhood immunisati

166 to countries with high rates of maternal and child mortality improved over the 6-year period, althoug

167 ality and empowerment of women, reduction of child mortality, improvement of maternal health, and rev

168 ION: China has achieved a rapid reduction in child mortality in 1996-2015.

169 China has achieved a rapid reduction in child mortality in 1996-2015.

170 We report the latest estimates of causes of child mortality in 2010 with time trends since 2000.

171 trategy for addressing the leading causes of child mortality in a conflict setting like Somalia and c

172 health programmes, our 5 x 5 km estimates of child mortality in Africa provide a baseline against whi

173 Malaria, a major cause of child mortality in Africa, is engendered by Plasmodium p

174 ational and subnational levels and causes of child mortality in China annually from 1996 to 2015 to d

175 are expected to become the leading cause of child mortality in China, whereas deaths from congenital

176 lative to communities that received placebo, child mortality in communities that received azithromyci

177 mechanisms underlying the finding of reduced child mortality in communities with biannual treatment w

178 ; retinol) supplementation is used to reduce child mortality in countries with high rates of malnutri

179 Measles remains a leading cause of child mortality in developing countries.

180 regression to estimate the relative risk of child mortality in each cluster, we also adjusted for se

181 We generated updated estimates of child mortality in early neonatal (age 0-6 days), late n

182 ing the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, child mortality in England was the lowest on record, but

183 Despite pronounced reductions in child mortality in industrialised countries, variations

184 h a large decrease in absolute inequality in child mortality in LMICs.

185 uld have a substantial impact on RSV-related child mortality in low-income and middle-income countrie

186 Child mortality in low-income countries may be reduced b

187 ven though progress on reducing maternal and child mortality in most countries is accelerating, most

188 increases the risks of infant and under-five child mortality in Myanmar, which could be reduced by in

189 iour can have a large impact on maternal and child mortality in regions where rates are high.

190 ss the association between PMI and all-cause child mortality in SSA with the use of appropriate compa

191 iated with health outcomes known to increase child mortality in SSA.

192 ) of azithromycin (AZM) report reductions in child mortality in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

193 ression analyses to explain the reduction in child mortality in Tanzania.

194 oups on the basis of region and the level of child mortality in the country in which the study was do

195 ase remains one of the top 2 causes of young child mortality in the developing world.

196 ssing the MDGs can produce rapid declines in child mortality in the first 3 years of a long-term effo

197 ron supplementation during pregnancy reduced child mortality in the offspring compared with the contr

198 ements in women's education to reductions in child mortality in the past 40 years.

199 However, due to the high child mortality in this region, further efforts should b

200 we generated provincial-level time-series of child mortality in under-5 (ages 0-4 years), infant (you

201 Measles remains a major cause of child mortality, in part due to an inability to vaccinat

202 ratic reforms have the greatest effects when child mortality is a direct concern for a large part of

203 interventions remains low and, maternal and child mortality is among the highest in the world.

204 In most low- and middle-income countries, child mortality is estimated from data provided by mothe

205 rement of treatment coverage are critical if child mortality is going to continue to decline.

206 Child mortality is high in Ethiopia, but reliable data o

207 tive contribution of congenital anomalies to child mortality is increasing.

208 Reduction of child mortality is one of the Millennium Development Goa

209 across geographic regions and with different child mortality levels demonstrate that under routine us

210 cines is variable in settings with different child mortality levels.

211 Here, we analyze trends in overall child mortality, malaria, and other causes of death in N

212 mprovements in the quality and timeliness of child-mortality measurements should be possible by more

213 conomic boom have contributed to the fall in child mortality; more than 60% of the counties in China

214 Despite recent achievements to reduce child mortality, neonatal deaths continue to remain high

215 y, we are not doing a better job of reducing child mortality now than we were three decades ago.

216 in China from 1996 to 2012 with the reported child mortality numbers from the Annual Report System on

217 rs of age was associated with a reduction in child mortality of 0.34 deaths per 1000 child-years.

218 ality of residential occupations, and infant/child mortality of terminal Pleistocene Beringians.

219 Paternal height was not associated with child mortality or anemia but was associated with child

220 ective interventions has halved maternal and child mortality over the past 2 decades, but less progre

221 Brazil has made great progress in reducing child mortality over the past decades, and a parcel of t

222 he first focused on continuing high rates of child mortality (over 10 million each year) from prevent

223 ion and wasting or stunting as predictors of child mortality (P for interaction = 0.001 and 0.02, res

224 everal trials show substantial reductions in child mortality, particularly through case management of

225 lic health problem that affects maternal and child mortality, physical performance, and referral to h

226 sed six data sources (Government records for child mortality, police-recorded child homicides, crimes

227 ternal mortality is greater than in reducing child mortality, possibly because qualified medical pers

228 and children younger than 5 years, to inform child mortality prevention efforts.

229 political representation by women had better child mortality profiles.

230 ults implicate health systems constraints in child mortality, quantify the contribution of specific d

231 Estimated reductions in the child mortality rate associated with the use of child-re

232 e effect of child-resistant packaging on the child mortality rate during the postintervention period

233 early-life disease exposure as the detrended child mortality rate from infectious diseases during an

234 6 countries have accelerated declines in the child mortality rate in the past decade.

235 score, respectively, of <-2 ) and an under-5 child mortality rate of 5.8%.

236 At child age 20 years, the preventable-cause child mortality rate was 1.6% (0.57%) in treatment 2 and

237 o 74 countries with the highest maternal and child mortality rates (Countdown priority countries) wit

238 ated data at the subnational level regarding child mortality rates and trends.

239 However, distinct inequality remains, as child mortality rates are generally found to be higher i

240 Declines in newborn, infant, and child mortality rates globally are slowing, and further

241 dwide and is responsible for high infant and child mortality rates in developing nations.

242 association between introduction of PMI and child mortality rates in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

243 its impact in developing societies with high child mortality rates is unclear.

244 In 2013, child mortality rates ranged from 152.5 per 1000 livebir

245 ia recorded some of the largest decreases in child mortality rates since 2000, positioning them well

246 t viral and helminthic infections as well as child mortality rates were significantly increased with

247 Countries were grouped on the basis of child mortality rates, using WHO data.

248 s might have the greatest effect on reducing child mortality rates, we highlight interventions and ev

249 distribution to children 1-59 months old on child mortality rates.

250 Global child mortality reduced substantially during the Millenn

251 of the UN Millennium Development Goal 4 for child mortality reduction can be accelerated by preventi

252 e LiST analysis suggested that around 39% of child mortality reduction was linked to increases in cov

253 Estimates of VAS-related child mortality reductions were highly variable among co

254 ight was associated with a decreased risk of child mortality (relative risk [RR], 0.978; 95% confiden

255 57% in countries with low, medium, and high child mortality, respectively, and RV5 VE of 90% and 45%

256 46% in countries with low, medium, and high child mortality, respectively.

257 f 90% and 45% in countries with low and high child mortality, respectively.

258 60% in countries with low, medium, and high child mortality, respectively.

259 e counterbalanced by increases in uninfected child mortality resulting in no net benefit for HIV-free

260 lis, Reid, and Kramer tentatively state that child mortality risk should predict offspring quantity,

261 Child mortality risks are particularly related to matern

262 ity, was also associated with a reduction in child mortality (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.78-0.93).

263 microsimulation models to forecast potential child mortality scenarios up to 2030.

264 microsimulation models to forecast potential child mortality scenarios up to 2030.

265 The large decreases in child mortality seen in Mozambique between 2000 and 2010

266 We estimated the distributions of causes of child mortality separately for neonates and children age

267 In high child mortality settings, seroconversion dramatically re

268 In low child mortality settings, seroconversion provided near p

269 across all World Bank income regions and all child mortality settings, similar to respiratory syncyti

270 ed better protection in low compared to high child mortality settings.

271 ower IgA titers compared with infants in low-child-mortality settings (mean difference [beta] = 0.83,

272 seroconverting compared with infants in low-child-mortality settings (odds ratio [OR] = 0.48, 95% co

273 ong those who seroconverted, infants in high-child-mortality settings had lower IgA titers compared w

274 Infants in high-child-mortality settings had lower odds of seroconvertin

275 irus vaccine immunogenicity in high- and low-child-mortality settings, controlling for individual- an

276 ral rotavirus vaccines are effective in high-child-mortality settings.

277 istribution of causes of and time trends for child mortality should be periodically updated.

278 Child mortality, stratified by comparable international

279 e evidence; without data on common causes of child mortality, taking effective action to prevent thes

280 Ethnic gaps were wider for child mortality than for neonatal or post-neonatal morta

281 n, implicating measles in substantially more child mortality than previously thought.

282 Excess child mortality that would be preventable by VAS has dec

283 lly representative and reliable estimates of child mortality (the subject of this paper) and maternal

284 better primary data on the causes of global child mortality, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation mad

285 Although child mortality trends have decreased worldwide, deaths

286 to update previous estimates of maternal and child mortality using better data and more robust method

287 h transfer programmes on all-cause adult and child mortality using individual-level longitudinal mort

288 We model the impact of the CHDs on child mortality using the Lives Saved Tool, convert thes

289 , the effect of azithromycin distribution on child mortality was assessed for underweight subgroups u

290 Data on disease-specific child mortality were from the World Health Organization.

291 the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) for child mortality were met only by a few countries.

292 Although estimates of maternal and child mortality were published in 2010, an update of est

293 Significant reductions in child mortality were seen in nine (38%) countries, with

294 ncy (Robson group 5), the relative rates for child mortality were similar for those born by CD compar

295 irect resources toward the leading causes of child mortality, with attention focusing on infectious a

296 Thus, despite progress in reducing child mortality worldwide, and an encouraging increase i

297 been made in reducing maternal, newborn, and child mortality worldwide, but many more deaths could be

298 rapid economic development and reductions in child mortality worldwide, continued high rates of early

299 m birth is the leading cause of neonatal and child mortality worldwide.

300 leading cause of infant and under 5 year old child mortality worldwide.