ライフサイエンスコーパス: chimeric virus

1 ype 1a variant), and HJ3-5 (a genotype 1a/2a chimeric virus).

2 ue to the increased replication level of the chimeric virus.

3 3 of coxsackievirus A20, in the context of a chimeric virus.

4 HeLa cells inoculated with either strain of chimeric virus.

5 polypeptide, are required to create a viable chimeric virus.

6 on and enhance the growth properties of this chimeric virus.

7 ll as a replication-competent VSV/SARS-CoV-2 chimeric virus.

8 nslational activity of the HRV2 IRES in this chimeric virus.

9 GPC maturation and production of infectious chimeric viruses.

10 by virus neutralization assays using capsid chimeric viruses.

11 nfluence the CPE and replication rate of the chimeric viruses.

12 ene of other flaviviruses as live-attenuated chimeric viruses.

13 on capacity compared to the drug-susceptible chimeric viruses.

14 ts, resulting in the production of AAV2/AAV3 chimeric viruses.

15 utralization sensitivity of the parental and chimeric viruses.

16 ria parasitica were used to construct viable chimeric viruses.

17 e three constructs were recovered as viable, chimeric viruses.

18 for neurovirulence (or attenuation) of these chimeric viruses.

19 duce mature virus occurs upon infection with chimeric viruses.

20 M protein was not affected in either of the chimeric viruses.

21 lung lesions, indicating attenuation of the chimeric viruses.

22 d cells with several panels of AR86/Girdwood chimeric viruses.

23 Chimeric virus 319.1v, which contained only the CS E2 gl

24 Therefore, we constructed a chimeric virus, Ad2(17f)/betaGal-2, which is identical t

25 In a simian-HIV chimeric virus AD8 (SHIVAD8) macaque model, CPT31 preven

26 onsistent with the observed stability of the chimeric virus after serial passages.

27 system developed for IBDV, we generated five chimeric viruses after transfection by electroporation p

28 eutralizing antibody-inducing ability of the chimeric viruses against heterologous PRRSV strains.

29 Both chimeric viruses also exhibited intermediate sensitivity

30 ally, to assess the genetic stability of the chimeric virus, an Npro-null BVDV (BVDV-Npro in which th

31 ve gp120 and specific point mutant variants, chimeric virus analysis, and peptide inhibition of viral

32 mical analyses confirmed the identity of the chimeric virus and further revealed variant viruses due

33 (wt) recombinant A2 virus to create a wt AB chimeric virus and then for a series of A2 derivatives w

34 ed 3-week-old chickens with D78, IM, GLS, or chimeric viruses and analyzed their bursae for pathologi

35 We have constructed a panel of chimeric viruses and envelope glycoproteins in which var

36 B and HCV, we generated HCV NS2 to -4A/GBV-B chimeric viruses and established a chimera-infected marm

37 We generated chimeric viruses and found that viral factors within the

38 g these full-length cDNA clones, constructed chimeric viruses and mapped the virulence factors involv

39 whole-inactivated virus, live-attenuated or chimeric virus, and protein or viruslike particle vaccin

40 The chimeric-virus antisera reacted specifically with protei

41 thogenic simian/human immunodeficiency virus chimeric viruses are known to induce a rapid, irreversib

42 ulated subcutaneously with one dose of these chimeric viruses (as monovalent or tetravalent formulati

43 The resistance was specific to the chimeric virus, as the chimeric virus-resistant animals

44 Single-dose inoculation of either chimeric virus at a dose of 10(5) PFU by the intraperito

45 A second chimeric virus based on clade D HIV-1/NDK was also highl

46 In this paper, we show that although a chimeric virus based on the potyvirus Plum pox virus lac

47 Infection of macaques with chimeric viruses based on SIVMAC but expressing the HIV-

48 strain of mumps virus (MuVJL5), we rescued a chimeric virus bearing the F and HN glycoproteins of BMV

49 t nonneuropathogenic PVF-e5 MuLV, which is a chimeric virus between PVC-211 MuLV and F-MuLV, fail to

50 We generated chimeric viruses between maternal and infant envelope cl

51 I mutations increased the infectivity of the chimeric virus by augmenting the initiation of viral cDN

52 In this study, we generated chimeric viruses by exchanging viral genes between the t

53 virus evolution in the host, we constructed chimeric viruses by introducing variant envelope genes r

54 kaging, a prerequisite for the generation of chimeric viruses by recombination, and also shed light o

55 affecting virus replication, we constructed chimeric viruses by swapping open reading frame 1 (ORF1)

56 o understand these phenomena, we constructed chimeric viruses by using a type A(12) infectious cDNA a

57 that this intranasally administered PIV3(HA) chimeric virus can be used to immunize infants with mate

58 Replication-competent chimeric viruses can be constructed by inserting foreign

59 Since this chimeric virus cannot package its own DNA, but produces

60 In this study, HCV/GB virus B (GBV-B) chimeric virus carrying the major nonstructural proteins

61 Sequence analysis of chimeric virus-cell mRNAs from HNC tumors and keratinocy

62 omes expressing the E6 and E7 oncogenes from chimeric virus-cell mRNAs, but less is known about HPV i

63 Among the three chimeric viruses, cleavage of prM was enhanced to a larg

64 A chimeric virus combining VSV genes with the gene coding

65 The resulting chimeric virus construct, EcoHIV, productively infected

66 gag-protease chimeric viruses constructed using the earliest postinfe

67 s revealed a dramatic increase in fitness of chimeric virus containing env(m584) (K315R/N640D) over t

68 During passage of a chimeric virus containing Ross River virus E1 and Sindbi

69 Here we show the generation of an infectious chimeric virus containing six out of the eight bat virus

70 Based on this, a chimeric virus containing the Ad7 genome except for the

71 emic, we used an EILV cDNA clone to design a chimeric virus containing the chikungunya virus (CHIKV)

72 g this measurement, we demonstrated that the chimeric virus containing the E mutation had a lower vir

73 e killed by recombinant MHV-JHM (RJHM) and a chimeric virus containing the spike of MHV-JHM in the MH

74 n cells appeared resistant to infection with chimeric viruses containing autologous envelope sequence

75 Targeted recombination was used to select chimeric viruses containing either the MHV-1 S gene or g

76 d woman 1 year following seroconversion, and chimeric viruses containing envelope genes representativ

77 We tested a series of chimeric viruses containing genes coding for VSV, togeth

78 By constructing chimeric viruses containing portions of CHV-1/EP713 and

79 Two reciprocal chimeric viruses containing swapped structural and nonst

80 Chimeric viruses containing the nonstructural genes of D

81 nuated DENV-2 virus strain (TDV-2) and three chimeric viruses containing the premembrane and envelope

82 n an attenuated dengue 2 virus (TDV-2) and 3 chimeric viruses containing the premembrane and envelope

83 Similarly, one of the chimeric viruses containing the VP1 segment of the virul

84 Chimeric viruses containing variety IAB (epizootic) nons

85 Moreover, one of the chimeric viruses containing VP2 sequences of the virulen

86 irus (PV) 5'-terminal cloverleaf in a PV/HCV chimeric virus (containing the HCV IRES), resulting in a

87 The JCV/LACV chimeric virus contains full-length S and L segments der

88 In addition, the chimeric virus could be used to design dendritic cell va

89 The chimeric virus, CPV/49, replicates like the parental CVB

90 ing the properties of genetically engineered chimeric viruses created from OTai and a bovine-virulent

91 HeLa cells inoculated with either strain of chimeric virus demonstrated that the chimeric viruses sy

92 Initial studies using chimeric viruses demonstrated that genetic elements with

93 Furthermore, experiments using chimeric viruses demonstrated that the viral spike and n

94 Here, we describe a chimeric virus derived from GB virus B (GBV-B), an uncla

95 The resulting chimeric virus, designated CJLAT, contains two complete

96 The resulting chimeric virus, designated fMHV, acquired the ability to

97 However, in contrast to SIVMneCL8, the chimeric viruses did not infect macaque macrophages, alt

98 Interestingly, cells infected with chimeric viruses displayed a markedly decreased NS5A hyp

99 Furthermore, pigs vaccinated with the chimeric virus DS722, but not pigs vaccinated with DS5M3

100 Two representative chimeric viruses, DS722 with shuffled GP5 genes and DS5M

101 One representative chimeric virus, EET(TE)-109, was highly cytopathic despi

102 These chimeric viruses elicited higher mouse neutralizing anti

103 ion against the more pathogenic SHIV89.6P, a chimeric virus encoding env of the primary HIV89.6.

104 s were also described after rapid passage of chimeric viruses encoding IIIB env in rhesus and pig-tai

105 Chimeric viruses encoding the open reading frames of the

106 f full-length, replication competent MJ4/gag chimeric viruses, encoding the gag gene and 142 nucleoti

107 Using chimeric viruses engineered to overcome restriction fact

108 The chimeric virus exhibited defects in viral RNA replicatio

109 All three chimeric viruses exhibited increased replication kinetic

110 Chimeric virus experiments indicated that the pathogenic

111 The chimeric viruses expressed sequences encoding the surfac

112 ics system, we generated and characterized a chimeric virus expressing the spike of bat coronavirus S

113 In addition, chimeric viruses expressing either active ns2 or VP3-CTD

114 Chimeric viruses expressing the full-length influenza B/

115 The chimeric virus extends the coding capacity of NDV by 30%

116 Here, we demonstrate that the chimeric virus failed to adapt during serial passage in

117 inct neutralization phenotype of PRRSV-01, a chimeric virus (FL01) was generated by replacing the str

118 -based selection allowed by the interspecies chimeric virus fMHV (MHV containing the ectodomain of th

119 Chimeric viruses for each of these variable residues wer

120 Some chimeric viruses, for example, RCASBP(Eco), replicate ef

121 mice infected with the highly neurovirulent chimeric virus FrCas(E).

122 monocyte-derived dendritic cells to T cells, chimeric virus from acute Envs achieved significantly lo

123 Chimeric viruses from B*57(+) EC (n = 18) demonstrated l

124 Significantly, chimeric viruses from Q47 and Q45 showed markedly differ

125 The chimeric viruses generated from EC displayed lower VRC t

126 mosquito infection determinants, reciprocal chimeric viruses generated from epizootic subtype IAB an

127 s virus (JEV) and by comparing the resultant chimeric viruses generated from RNA-transfected mosquito

128 ons designed to enhance encapsidation of the chimeric virus genome and to express an attenuated simia

129 f of concept for the feasibility of creating chimeric virus genomes that express lentivirus structura

130 Fourteen different chimeric virus genomes were constructed from two infecti

131 YF/JE(prM-E) chimeric viruses grew efficiently in cells of vertebrate

132 Some of the chimeric viruses had altered plaque morphology in mammal

133 udy revealed that pigs infected with the two chimeric viruses had significant reductions in viral-RNA

134 That the same chimeric virus has a characteristic HSV-1 reactivation p

135 The generation of chimeric viruses has been a useful tool in other virus s

136 Studies with the chimeric virus HSV-1 17syn+/LAT2, an HSV-1 virus enginee

137 mentary to that previously described for the chimeric virus HSV-2 333/LAT1 and indicate that the HSV-

138 ble for these phenotypes, we constructed the chimeric virus HSV2-LAT-E1, in which exon 1 (from the LA

139 AT in A5+ neurons (as does HSV-1), while the chimeric viruses HSV2-LAT-P1 (LAT promoter swap) and HSV

140 In the latter case, the chimeric viruses (hybrid MCMV strains) containing the mo

141 idemic strain infectious clone, creating the chimeric virus icSZ16-S, which was infectious but yielde

142 o experiments demonstrate replication of the chimeric virus in mouse lung with notable pathogenesis.

143 in Av, supported systemic infection with the chimeric virus in Nicotiana benthamiana, Nicotiana tabac

144 onsible for the restricted infection of this chimeric virus in nondividing cells.

145 acute and chronic envelope (Env)-expressing chimeric virus in primary human target cells and mucosal

146 Accordingly, a chimeric virus in which the ULb' region of TB40/E was re

147 Analysis of infections with two of these chimeric viruses in MEFs detected lower early viral RNA

148 of neurovirulence and immunogenicity of the chimeric viruses in mice correlate with the degree of ad

149 compared the replication efficiencies of the chimeric viruses in PK-15 cells.

150 Here, we test 4 chimeric viruses in the brain, including those in which

151 The level of replication of rB/HPIV3-RSV chimeric viruses in the respiratory tract of rhesus monk

152 te the role of E3 in spike assembly, we made chimeric viruses in which E3 from one alphavirus species

153 in these contrasting phenotypes by designing chimeric viruses in which the F and HN glycoproteins or

154 egy, illustrated here for PIV1, is to create chimeric viruses in which the two protective antigens, t

155 Chimeric viruses, in which the cytoplasmic tail of the t

156 Monkeys immunized with these bovine-human chimeric viruses, including the more highly attenuated o

157 A chimeric virus incorporating a related protein that does

158 together with the YF capsid; however, viable chimeric viruses incorporating the entire JE structural

159 Chimeric viruses incorporating the proteins of two JE st

160 rulence and tissue tropism observed with the chimeric viruses indicate a significant role for this se

161 Immunization of BALB/c mice with this chimeric virus induced a CD8 T-cell response specific fo

162 Lysates of HeLa cells inoculated with either chimeric virus induced the proliferation of the mIL-4-re

163 estricted replication in rhesus monkeys, the chimeric viruses induced a level of resistance to HPIV3

164 ck a simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)/HIV chimeric virus infection.

165 utralizing IgG 6 h after intravenous SIV/HIV chimeric virus inoculation as monitored by PCR analyses

166 The rABcp248/404/1030 chimeric virus is a promising vaccine candidate for RSV

167 SIN E2 will form a chimeric heterodimer, the chimeric virus is almost nonviable, producing about 10(-

168 Importantly, the bat chimeric virus is unable to reassort with other influenz

169 One of the advantages of these chimeric viruses is their application to studies of HIV-

170 pseudotyping is widely used for engineering chimeric viruses, it has remained unknown whether a viru

171 In this study, we constructed a bivalent chimeric virus-like particle (VLP) presenting the VP1 (a

172 nic variation, we tested the hypothesis that chimeric virus-like particle (VLP)-based vaccine platfor

173 Recently, chimeric virus-like particle vaccines have been develope

174 o-incorporated with influenza HA-antigens in chimeric virus-like particles (cVLPs), in boosting stron

175 otein in insect cells led to the assembly of chimeric virus-like particles (CVLPs).

176 Human papillomavirus (HPV)-derived chimeric virus-like particles (VLPs) are the leading can

177 antigenic differences over time, we created chimeric virus-like particles (VLPs) between the GII.4-1

178 (HIV-1)/simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) chimeric virus macaque model (SHIV) permits the in vivo

179 Additional WNV chimeric viruses made by replacing one or more W956IC ge

180 he first thymoma and generated an infectious chimeric virus, MCF ProEn.

181 The library of chimeric viruses obtained was subjected to a variety of

182 HCV, we established an infectious clone and chimeric virus of hepatotropic and lymphotropic HCV stra

183 We used 2 fully infectious HCV chimeric viruses of genotype 2A in these studies: J6/JFH

184 Here, we test 4 chimeric viruses of VSV with glycoprotein genes from Nip

185 The chimeric virus packaged Vpx that was provided in trans a

186 However, this chimeric virus packages its DNA in 293 cells expressing

187 Hybrid simian/human immunodeficiency chimeric virus particles pseudotyped with XMRV envelope

188 We extended the chimeric-virus platform to evaluate the papain-like prot

189 to T-cell trans infection assay, chronic Env-chimeric virus pools were transmitted more efficiently b

190 Plaque size analysis showed that both chimeric viruses produced a mean plaque diameter that wa

191 to one another and allow increased levels of chimeric virus production.

192 Mapping of revertants of the resulting chimeric viruses provided evidence for extensive intramo

193 o the poliovirus (PV) genome, generating the chimeric virus PV-RIPO, selectively abrogates viral tran

194 Two chimeric viruses, PV containing HRV16 VPg (PV/R16-VPg) a

195 An AB chimeric virus, rABcp248/404/1030, which was constructed

196 DEN1Delta30, rDEN4Delta30, and two antigenic chimeric viruses, rDEN2/4Delta30 and rDEN3/4Delta30, bot

197 In this worst-case scenario, chimeric viruses remained fully attenuated in nonhuman p

198 d-type or cold-passaged 45L (cp45L) PIV3(HA) chimeric viruses replicated 5- to 10-fold less well than

199 Seven of the 1918 LPAI 7:1 chimeric viruses replicated and caused disease equivalen

200 Both chimeric viruses replicated in cell lines of vertebrate

201 Surprisingly, the N and P chimeric viruses replicated to a peak titer that was 11-

202 This chimeric virus replicates its DNA and synthesizes Ad7 pr

203 e was specific to the chimeric virus, as the chimeric virus-resistant animals were susceptible to mar

204 extended cultivation of cells exposed to the chimeric virus resulted in selection of mutants exhibiti

205 nthesis for several of the single and double chimeric viruses resulted from a partial defect in prime

206 The resulting chimeric virus retained the same robust growth kinetics

207 The chimeric viruses retained the ability to package HIV-2 g

208 Infection of mice with these chimeric viruses revealed a significant increase in the

209 rotein, single-residue knockout mutants, and chimeric viruses revealed that G37080 broadly cross-neut

210 Characterization of the chimeric viruses revealed that in addition to the RV gly

211 ceptor knockout (IFNAR(-/-)) mice with these chimeric viruses revealed that PLpro deISGylation activi

212 gtail macaques were infected with an SIV/HIV chimeric virus, RT-SHIV(mne), in which SIV reverse trans

213 These recombinant chimeric viruses shed light on the fundamental requireme

214 ian immunodeficiency virus/HIV type 1 (SHIV) chimeric virus SHIV(DH12R) induces a systemic depletion

215 mian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) or SIV/HIV chimeric virus (SHIV) has been widely used to model aspe

216 of a simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)/HIV chimeric virus (SHIV) infection in two monkeys following

217 exposure, to prevent acquisition of SIV/HIV chimeric virus (SHIV) infections.

218 ion of a pathogenic CCR5 (R5)-tropic SIV/HIV chimeric virus (SHIV) molecular clone (SHIV(AD8-EO)) rev

219 ct macaques from simian immunodeficiency HIV chimeric virus (SHIV).

220 pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus/HIV chimeric viruses (SHIVs) cause extremely rapid, irrevers

221 thogenic simian/human immunodeficiency virus chimeric viruses (SHIVs) during infections of rhesus mon

222 the ability of simian-human immunodeficiency chimeric viruses (SHIVs) showing varying degrees of muco

223 eficiency virus/human immunodeficiency virus chimeric viruses (SHIVs) that differ from one another by

224 Recovered chimeric viruses showed considerable antigenic variation

225 Additionally, both chimeric viruses showed intermediate levels of virus rep

226 s of the integration-site selection of these chimeric viruses showed no significant change in integra

227 sorption and neuraminidase activities of the chimeric viruses showed significant differences from tho

228 These eight chimeric viruses showed similar levels of replication wi

229 Analysis of HIV-1/SIVmac239 chimeric viruses showed that dependence on TNPO3 mapped

230 ged with simian immunodeficiency virus/HIV-1 chimeric virus strain DH12.

231 Chimeric virus studies showed that LAT region sequences

232 icantly increased the pathogenicity of the L-chimeric virus, suggesting that the L gene probably cont

233 rain of chimeric virus demonstrated that the chimeric viruses synthesized capsid protein 1D at approx

234 We modified a biosafety level 2 chimeric virus system to facilitate evaluation of inhibi

235 Furthermore, we demonstrate that the chimeric-virus system can be adapted to study the protea

236 cipitation of a panel of SIVsmH4/SIVsmE543-3 chimeric viruses tentatively assigned the neutralization

237 nsistently amplified to higher levels by the chimeric virus than by wild-type TCV.

238 A chimeric virus that contains sequences encoding the 18-r

239 coproteins to interact more efficiently in a chimeric virus that has SIN E2 but RR E1.

240 nfluenza A virus vaccine, we have designed a chimeric virus that takes advantage of the fact that inf

241 ivity to T-649 and (ii) T-649 sensitivity of chimeric viruses that contain sequences derived from CXC

242 the biological properties of three pairs of chimeric viruses that contained envelope genes represent

243 For those chimeric viruses that do require modification, adaptatio

244 umor induction, we constructed five distinct chimeric viruses that have various amino acid coding seq

245 inant vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-based chimeric viruses that include genes from other viruses s

246 ell culture-derived viruses (JFH1 or related chimeric viruses that replicate efficiently in cell cult

247 hat of wild-type D2 16681 virus, resulted in chimeric viruses that retained PDK-53 characteristic phe

248 By use of an A59/MHV-2 chimeric virus, the susceptibility to lysosomotropic age

249 For one of the chimeric viruses, the introduced NSP2 sequence was obtai

250 ces distinguish the JE E proteins of the two chimeric viruses, therefore implicating one or more resi

251 We speculate that the failure of the chimeric virus to adapt in marmosets might be due to a b

252 d between infectivity and the ability of the chimeric virus to bind heparin sulfate.

253 This study demonstrated the use of chimeric viruses to characterize viral specificity and c

254 nic progressors (CP; n = 41) by constructing chimeric viruses using patient-derived gag-protease sequ

255 the development of a novel self-replicating chimeric virus vaccine candidate that is designed to pro

256 y generate two recombinant Candid1 JUNV/LASV chimeric viruses (via envelope glycoprotein [GPC] exchan

257 In contrast, a novel chimeric virus (VSV-LASV-GPC) containing genes from both

258 cultures demonstrated that the yield of the chimeric virus was between 0.5 to 2 log units less than

259 Like the wild-type BVDV (NADL), the chimeric virus was cytopathic and formed plaques on the

260 However, the budding of the chimeric virus was delayed and infectious titers were re

261 This attenuated AB chimeric virus was immunogenic and conferred a high leve

262 The chimeric virus was infectious and immunogenic in rhesus

263 The chimeric virus was passaged four times through 24 marmos

264 The chimeric virus was recovered from the supernatant of Ver

265 This set of eight "7:1" chimeric viruses was compared to the parental 1918 and L

266 IN sequences back into the original SG3(IN2) chimeric virus, we demonstrated that mutations in both R

267 Using a panel of five recombinant chimeric viruses, we demonstrated that interactions amon

268 Using chimeric viruses, we identified the HIV-1 capsid (CA) pr

269 Using chimeric viruses, we previously reported that replacemen

270 Using reciprocal chimeric viruses, we were able to determine that both th

271 Three isolates of the chimeric virus were sequenced, and 20 nucleotide changes

272 Interestingly, while all chimeric viruses were attenuated compared to CHIKV in mi

273 The chimeric viruses were attenuated for growth in tissue cu

274 A total of 20 chimeric viruses were constructed and evaluated in vitro

275 zing antibody titers induced by rB/HPIV3-RSV chimeric viruses were equivalent to those induced by inf

276 The recovered chimeric viruses were evaluated for their pathogenicity

277 These chimeric viruses were further attenuated by the addition

278 nd virulence of a representative flavivirus, chimeric viruses were generated using the West Nile viru

279 Other parental and chimeric viruses were less sensitive to neutralization w

280 orks were invariantly lethal, because viable chimeric viruses were not isolated.

281 In order to map pathogenic determinants, chimeric viruses were prepared between FIV-C36 and FIV-P

282 The chimeric viruses were readily recovered and replicated i

283 V3 chimeric viruses were resistant to neutralization by HIV

284 Ebola and Lassa chimeric viruses were safe in the brain and targeted bra

285 s showed that the pathogenicities of N and P chimeric viruses were similar to those of their respecti

286 The chimeric viruses were successfully rescued in 293 cells.

287 SIVcpz is a chimeric virus which shares common ancestors with viruse

288 riptional and translational control, and the chimeric virus, which was not viable on the level of pla

289 ummary, the serially passaged SHIV subtype-E chimeric virus will be important for studies aimed at de

290 Further characterization of this chimeric virus will help to elucidate how JDV Tat functi

291 ved from the F protein of NDV) resulted in a chimeric virus with enhanced incorporation of the foreig

292 The chimeric virus with the HN protein derived from the viru

293 The chimeric viruses with enhanced fusion activity, but not

294 We made a panel of chimeric viruses with identical amino acid sequences but

295 The chimeric viruses with reciprocal HN proteins either gain

296 s of EIII can allow the generation of viable chimeric viruses with significantly altered antigenicity

297 ce the virus replication efficiencies of the chimeric viruses with the PCV2 backbone.

298 LASV-GPC as a safe and efficacious oncolytic chimeric virus within the brain.

299 To investigate this further, a chimeric virus ( XG4J) was generated by replacing the in

300 These chimeric viruses (YF/DEN1, YF/DEN3, and YF/DEN4) replica