ライフサイエンスコーパス: chlorate

1 n of the stereochemically distinct substrate chlorate.

2 ells were generated by treatment with sodium chlorate.

3 y after metabolic inhibition of sulfation by chlorate.

4 without generating any toxic perchlorate or chlorate.

5 release while trapping transiently produced chlorate.

6 ently sensitive to inhibition by heparin and chlorate.

7 on of perchlorate and chlorate [denoted (per)chlorate].

8 nitrate, 1,162 s(-1) (326 U/mg); V(max) with chlorate, 1,348 s(-1) (378 U/mg) [assayed at 75 degrees

9 ion with equimolar formation of chlorite and chlorate, (2) reaction to chlorite and oxygen, and (3) o

10 flow facility increased in porcine eyes with chlorate (3-fold) and beta-xyloside (3.5-fold) treatment

11 in mouse spinal neurulation, we administered chlorate, a competitive inhibitor of glycosaminoglycan s

12 Treatment of HeLa cells with sodium chlorate, a potent inhibitor of proteoglycan sulfation,

13 retreatment of HEp-2 cells with 50 mM sodium chlorate, a selective inhibitor of sulfation, for 48 h p

14 Surprisingly, we found that sodium chlorate, a sulfation inhibitor, did not inhibit the bin

15 gh methionine addition, or administration of chlorate, a widely used cell-permeable sulfurylase inhib

16 PGs with, respectively, heparinase or sodium chlorate abrogated HSC adhesion to CCN2(4).

17 to the medium or treatment of the cells with chlorate also inhibited (75)Se uptake.

18 nhibited if cells are pretreated with sodium chlorate, an inhibitor of sulfate incorporation, or with

19 investigated by assessment of the effects of chlorate, an inhibitor of sulfation, and beta-xyloside,

20 Treatment of cells with chlorate, an inhibitor of sulfation, markedly reduced bi

21 rbicides, while pic30-3 is also defective in chlorate (analogue of nitrate) transport and also shows

22 ride (greater than 98% yield), by Fe(II) for chlorate and alkaline fusion-decomposition for perchlora

23 Gale crater underwent chemical weathering by chlorate and bromate brines owing to the complete absenc

24 Mars-relevant fluids, oxyhalogen compounds (chlorate and bromate) can weather siderite not only at a

25 The dominant anode material used in chlorate and chlor-alkali production is the dimensionall

26 ity between chlorine and oxygen evolution in chlorate and chlor-alkali production.

27 oxic inorganic disinfection byproduct (e.g., chlorate and chlorite) through photoactivated transforma

28 ent include heparin, heparan sulfate, sodium chlorate and heparinase, the low-density lipoprotein (LD

29 m each chemical class (chromium-6 [#1, IOC], chlorate and NDMA [#11 and 12, DBP], 1,4-dioxane [#25, S

30 ed titanium anode of chloride to chlorine or chlorate and of ammonia to nitrite or nitrate.

31 orite and an intermediate that further forms chlorate and oxygen in parallel.

32 ds after formation, high production rates of chlorate and perchlorate (up to approximately 4 and 25 m

33 D and >29 Ah . L(-1) on TDIROF) resulting in chlorate and perchlorate being the dominant CBPs (>90% o

34 Chlorate and perchlorate compounds, used as herbicides,

35 ',5'-diphosphate and the original oxyanion.) Chlorate and perchlorate form dead-end E.MgATP.oxyanion

36 Production of inorganic byproducts (chlorate and perchlorate) and indicator organic byproduc

37 nd ethephon) and environmental contaminants (chlorate and perchlorate) in edible oils and nuts.

38 , the formation of organohalogen byproducts, chlorate and perchlorate, was seldom considered.

39 While many published studies focus on (per)chlorate and their basic metabolism, this review highlig

40 roducts (i.e., FAC, ClO(2)(-), chloride, and chlorate) and the overall reaction mechanism.

41 ates, phosphates, and chlorides-perchlorates-chlorates), and has minor TiO2 and Fe2O3T oxides ( appro

42 thanes, haloacetic acids, haloacetonitriles, chlorate, and bromate), which increase with increasing c

43 romate ("chromium VI"), arsenate, tungstate, chlorate, and perchlorate bind to the ATP sulfurylase do

44 the reduction of selenate; nitrate, nitrite, chlorate, and sulfate were not reduced at detectable rat

45 ported by DNA hybridization analysis of (per)chlorate- and chlorate-reducing strains using the pcrA g

46 The pure meat samples revealed occasional chlorate appearance, with less than 10 mug kg(-1).

47 Chlorine gas and sodium chlorate are two base chemicals produced through electro

48 ammonium nitrate, urea nitrate, or potassium chlorate, are detected by direct contact with a sensitiv

49 explosives, such as peroxides, nitrates, and chlorates, are increasingly abused by terrorists, crimin

50 the electron donor to reduce nitrate or use chlorate as the alternative substrate.

51 inner reference solution containing SMX and chlorate (as interfering compound).

52 ica abolished growth in both perchlorate and chlorate but not growth in nitrate, indicating that the

53 ing a single chromosomal CRI did not grow on chlorate, but overexpression of cld and its neighbouring

54 eroxides and the less sensitive nitrates and chlorates by color change of a simple test strip.

55 Inhibiting sulfation of endogenous HS with chlorate causes axons to bypass their target, the tectum

56 Formation of chlorate (ClO(3)(-)) and perchlorate (ClO(4)(-)) as by-p

57 ncerns regarding the formation and uptake of chlorate (ClO(3)(-)) into produce, this study evaluated

58 Chlorate (ClO(3)(-)) is a common water pollutant due to

59 Respiration of perchlorate and chlorate [collectively, (per)chlorate] was only recogniz

60 s of the tris(3,4,5-tribromopyrazolyl)borate chlorate complex.

61 ing porphyrin-manganese(III) perchlorate and chlorate complexes, respectively, permitting direct kine

62 For example, the chlorate concentration was 2.7 +/- 0.2 muM (225.5 +/- 16

63 While chlorate concentrations in lettuce, kale, and broccoli e

64 ng to chlorine dioxide (ClO(2)) could reduce chlorate concentrations within the produce.

65 ition of GAG sulfation by growth of cells in chlorate-containing medium similarly decreased fXa-stimu

66 n genes to be created by anaerobic growth on chlorate-containing medium.

67 , inhibition of tyrosine sulfation by sodium chlorate decreased the secretion of processed CCK 8 in C

68 eatment of WEHI-3 cells with glycosidases or chlorate demonstrated that sialic acid modifications, al

69 y dissimilatory reduction of perchlorate and chlorate [denoted (per)chlorate].

70 sulfate, chromate, selenate, phosphate, and chlorate did not bind even when tested at 2 mM.

71 iferyl-beta-D-xyloside) or sulfation (sodium chlorate) enhanced the release of apoE from cells and si

72 lycosaminoglycan chain sulfation with sodium chlorate enhances BMP2 morpho-genetic bioactivity.

73 vegetables revealed a substantial amount of chlorate, especially the preparations that contained car

74 of nine (9) highly polar anionic pesticides (chlorate, ethephon, fosetyl aluminium, glufosinate, glyp

75 This is the first report of chlorate evaluated in various types of baby food and may

76 was grown anaerobically on plates containing chlorate for selection of resistant colonies that had lo

77 mine-containing waters in the dark minimized chlorate formation and uptake into the vegetables.

78 n water in a sunlit field, sunlight promoted chlorate formation and uptake through vegetable surfaces

79 s prevented by competing active chlorine and chlorate formation as well as by direct oxidation of org

80 nto produce from roots, this study evaluated chlorate formation from solar irradiation of chlorine- a

81 tions approximately doubled sunlight-induced chlorate formation relative to that in the bulk solution

82 Chlorate formation was much less significant in sunlit c

83 verall, and aside from the known pathways of chlorate formation, the UV/chlorine byproduct and in vit

84 vious research demonstrated the formation of chlorate from dark disproportionation reactions of free

85 r (pyrazolyl)borate complexes coordinated by chlorate has been explored in the presence of C(1)-C(6)

86 Chlorate has received particular attention in the Europe

87 ltured cells and primary neurons by heparin, chlorate, heparinase, and genetic knockdown of a key HSP

88 sulfate proteoglycans because treatment with chlorate, heparinase, or soluble heparin did not prevent

89 Starches were oxidized by chlorate(I) sodium (10 g CI/kg starch).

90 tants were selected for resistance to 0.1 mM chlorate in the absence of nitrate.

91 anoside or by the sulfation inhibitor sodium chlorate, indicating that SR-BI-mediated LDL-CE uptake o

92 heparinase III, or growth of cells in sodium chlorate, indicating that sulfated heparan sulfate chain

93 oside-treated eyes, whereas in cell culture, chlorate induced formation of thick fibronectin fibrils,

94 ryonic stem cells with heparinases or sodium chlorate inhibited differentiation of embryonic stem cel

95 the endothelial cell's glycocalyx or sodium chlorate inhibition of endothelial cell sulfated glycan

96 emoval of the heparan sulfate chains, and by chlorate inhibition of glypican sulfation.

97 of PIC30 fully complements both picloram and chlorate insensitive phenotypes of pic30-3.

98 ion reactions of free chlorine and uptake of chlorate into produce from roots, this study evaluated c

99 hese discoveries stimulated interest in (per)chlorate microbiology, and the application of advanced a

100 e, tellurite, nitrate, nitrite, perchlorate, chlorate, monofluorophosphate, vanadate, molydate, and t

101 The crystallization of sodium chlorate (NaClO3) is a classic example of spontaneous ch

102 GF-2 unless heparan sulfate was depressed by chlorate or heparinase treatment.

103 dy, suramin, or treatment with either sodium chlorate or heparitinase, demonstrating an autocrine req

104 hibition of proteoglycan sulfation by sodium chlorate or incubation of cells with labeled lipoprotein

105 Cells treated with chlorate or substituted beta-D-xylosides, resulting in u

106 an sulfate-protein interactions using sodium chlorate or surfen dramatically reduced baseline and BMP

107 gan cultures treated with 20 or 50 mM sodium chlorate, or 1 mM beta-xyloside.

108 tment of MEF cell lines with heparin, sodium chlorate, or heparinase II, demonstrating that heparin s

109 n regardless of the presence of perchlorate, chlorate, or nitrate.

110 Perchlorate formation rates from chlorate oxidation were 115-371 mol m(-2) h(-1), approxi

111 pe CjNapA and NapA-C176D variants can reduce chlorate, perchlorate, and nitrate.

112 We investigated the formation of chlorate, perchlorate, and organic chlorination byproduc

113 Formation of chlorate, perchlorate, chlorinated, and brominated organ

114 ce, cow, and goat milk, and phosphonic acid, chlorate, perchlorate, fosetyl-Al, and glufosinate were

115 (icsA) stxAB Str(r) mutant selected from the chlorate plates was designated WRSd1.

116 d extraterrestrial, indicate an ancient (per)chlorate presence across our solar system.

117 oduction, minimum scale formation, and lower chlorate production levels (6 mM vs 18 mM for BDD) durin

118 asing cycles of salt-fluxing treatment, with chlorate products on the surface suggesting concurrent p

119 these two genera represent the dominant (per)chlorate-reducing bacteria in mesophilic freshwater envi

120 scription occurred only under anaerobic (per)chlorate-reducing conditions.

121 hybridization analysis of (per)chlorate- and chlorate-reducing strains using the pcrA gene as a probe

122 e reduction, mutations in genes encoding the chlorate reductase clrABC, predicted molybdopterin cofac

123 e active sites of nitrate reductase and (per)chlorate reductase enzymes.

124 ase forms a monophyletic group separate from chlorate reductase of Ideonella dechloratans.

125 orate reductase as an activity distinct from chlorate reductase was further supported by DNA hybridiz

126 hydrogenase, ethylbenzene dehydrogenase, and chlorate reductase, all of which are type II members of

127 s to predict carbon and electron flow during chlorate reduction and posit that formate is an importan

128 te transposons whose core we refer to as the chlorate reduction composite transposon interior (CRI).

129 Previous work on respiratory chlorate reduction has biochemically identified the term

130 ey detoxification gene cld was essential for chlorate reduction in isogenic pure culture experiments,

131 In addition to (per)chlorate reduction, A. suillum is capable of the anaerob

132 During chlorate reduction, mutations in genes encoding the chlo

133 that clrA, clrB and clrC were essential for chlorate reduction, while clrD, clrE and clrF had less s

134 However, the perchlorate and chlorate reductions by the CjNapA C176D variant are cons

135 xponential growth rate in Luria broth but is chlorate resistant and does not grow on citrate agar.

136 The chlorate-resistant mutant cr88 is defective in photomorp

137 The cr88 mutant of Arabidopsis is a novel chlorate-resistant mutant that displays long hypocotyls

138 he isolation and characterization of a novel chlorate-resistant mutant that is defective in the regul

139 Chlorate-resistant mutants defective in high-affinity ni

140 A unique class of chlorate-resistant mutants of Escherichia coli which pro

141 nd raises the possibility of syntrophic (per)chlorate respiration in the environment.

142 lic versatility and novel mechanisms of (per)chlorate respiration, including symbiosis and a hybrid e

143 Disruption of endogenous HS sulfation with chlorate resulted in diminished FGF2 binding and prolife

144 fation by treatment of intact myofibers with chlorate results in delayed proliferation and altered My

145 erent suppliers yielded delta37Cl values for chlorate samples near to +0.2/1000 (SMOC), but one has w

146 finity (mechanism I) uptake mutants by using chlorate selections on plants containing Tag1 transposab

147 >/= 3 units from AD brain in a heparin- and chlorate-sensitive manner.

148 sis was performed, followed by screening for chlorate sensitivity in the presence of ammonia ion.

149 ible ClO2 loss and the formation of chlorite/chlorate should be carefully considered in drinking wate

150 f expressing cells in the presence of sodium chlorate, significantly reduced the potency for MCP-1 ac

151 reated with various concentrations of sodium chlorate, so as to express a range of endogenous heparan

152 The major chlorate-specific response related to oxidative stress a

153 Chlorate-specific transcription of electron transport ch

154 Nitrates and chlorates, such as ammonium nitrate, urea nitrate, or po

155 ence of chloride, sulfate, nitrate, nitrite, chlorate, sulfamate, methanesulfonate, and fluoride, whi

156 Arabidopsis chl1(nrt1.1) mutant rescued the chlorate susceptibility phenotype.

157 he ionic liquid 1-methyl-3-propylimidazolium-chlorate tethered to SiO2 nanoparticles.

158 Pretreatment of muscle cells with chlorate that blocks all sulfation or with an siRNA that

159 3 fibroblasts were treated with 50 mM sodium chlorate to completely inhibit (99%) sulfation of proteo

160 ycosaminoglycans or by treatment with sodium chlorate to decrease cellular sulfation.

161 Treatment of whole kidneys with sodium chlorate to disrupt proteoglycan synthesis results in th

162 Growth of N18 and BHK cells in sodium chlorate to eliminate all sulfation decreased virus-cell

163 ctic activity, U937-C5aR cells were grown in chlorate to inhibit CSPG sulfation or treated with chond

164 were generated by treating cells with sodium chlorate to inhibit the sulfation of HSPG.

165 -methylumbelliferyl-beta-d-xylopyranoside or chlorate to suppress glycosaminoglycan substitution or s

166 Endocytotic rate constants (ke) for chlorate-treated and control cells were ke = 0.078 +/- 0

167 PG since heparinase (I and III) digestion of chlorate-treated cells had little effect.

168 The differences observed for control and chlorate-treated cells in the dose-response curves for s

169 Addition of exogenous heparin to the chlorate-treated cells was able to restore WG activity.

170 ame maximal level under both conditions, but chlorate-treated cells were significantly less responsiv

171 bFGF bound to its receptors on chlorate-treated cells with a lower apparent affinity an

172 ) and 3.6 x 10(6) sites/cell for control and chlorate-treated cells, respectively).

173 synthesis to a similar extent in native and chlorate-treated cells.

174 stimulation of DNA synthesis in control and chlorate-treated cells.

175 Under control and chlorate-treated conditions, [(125) I]heparin was observ

176 ormal distribution of sonic hedgehog mRNA in chlorate-treated embryos.

177 that stimulation of DNA synthesis by bFGF in chlorate-treated VSMC was markedly reduced as compared w

178 heparin, monoclonal anti-LpL antibodies, or chlorate treatment of cells and was not found using prot

179 as abolished when sulfation was inhibited by chlorate treatment of the cells.

180 Chlorate treatment resulted in a striated pattern of GAG

181 how that when endogenous HS was inhibited by chlorate treatment, 7,8-S-OctaF7 specifically supported

182 about 70%, similar to what is observed with chlorate treatment.

183 detection (10-min analyses) for perchlorate, chlorate, trifluoromethanesulfonate, perfluoro-n-butanes

184 cetic acids (up to approximately 50 muM) and chlorate (up to approximately 2 muM) were of most concer

185 fosinate), and demonstrated (perchlorate and chlorate), was estimated in baby food commodities (meat,

186 perchlorate and chlorate [collectively, (per)chlorate] was only recognized in the last 20 years, yet

187 The K(m) values for nitrate and chlorate were 58 and 140 microM, respectively.

188 nt for growth of Pseudomonas stutzeri PDA on chlorate were identified using a randomly DNA bar-coded

189 , and several other anions tested, including chlorate, were without effect.

190 e neuraminidase, tunicamycin, or 5 mM sodium chlorate, which blocks sulfation of surface proteoglycan

191 responsive cells were preincubated with 1 mM chlorate, which blocks sulfation, WG activity was inhibi

192 ch limits host cell surface GAGs, and sodium chlorate, which decreases surface sulfation.

193 Sodium chlorate, which inhibits cell proteoglycan synthesis, ma

194 Pretreatment of cells with chlorate, which inhibits glycosaminoglycan synthesis, st

195 ted signaling, treatment of HUVEC cells with chlorate, which inhibits heparan sulfate glycosaminoglyc

196 s shown previously, fibroblasts treated with chlorate, which inhibits the sulfation of heparan sulfat

197 rine significantly enhanced the formation of chlorate, with a 7.2% molar yield relative to chlorine.