ライフサイエンスコーパス: choline

1 7, 1.02; P < 0.10 for both total and dietary choline).

2 into the selectivity for acetylcholine over choline.

3 IV, except a MRS alteration in basal ganglia choline.

4 zes the hydrolysis of phosphocholine (PC) to choline.

5 wo-electron reductions of glycine betaine to choline.

6 such as long-chain fatty acids, taurine, and choline.

7 ed an affinity 100-fold greater than that of choline.

8 t had been metabolically labeled with [(15)N]choline.

9 d selective receptors for acetylcholine over choline.

10 nd 100% and 70%-88%, respectively, for (11)C-choline.

11 In total, 226 LNM (125 (18)F-choline, 101 (68)Ga-PSMA) originated from 73 salvage lym

12 orters, whereas a harsher detergent like Fos-choline 12 could solubilize transporters irrespective of

13 ttern with an increase in betaine (422%) and choline (18%) levels during hibernation, but exhibited u

14 (CPCT) which catalyzes the formation of CDP-choline, a key intermediate in the choline branch of the

15 Choline, a primary dietary source of methyl groups, conv

16 horylated MAPK1, and increased expression of choline acetyl transferase by neurons (P < .001).

17 c (~60%, as estimated by stereology) loss of choline acetyl-transferase (ChAT)-immunoreactive motoneu

18 erebral cortex contains neurons that express choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and are a potential loc

19 situ hybridization to localize mRNA encoding choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and vesicular acetylcho

20 Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) expressing retinal amac

21 Here, we show that the enzyme choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), which catalyzes the ra

22 Neocortical choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-expressing interneurons

23 y vulnerable to glaucomatous damage, whereas choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-positive and glycinergi

24 ture and developing CNS neurons that express choline acetyltransferase (ChAT).

25 l synthesis of garsubellin A, an enhancer of choline acetyltransferase and member of the large family

26 eptorhynchus, using in situ hybridization of choline acetyltransferase mRNA.

27 detection of TH with nitric oxide synthase, choline acetyltransferase, calbindin, calretinin, and se

28 ed that the concentration of dorsal striatal choline (an acetylcholine precursor) changes during reve

29 Adequate supply of choline, an essential nutrient, is necessary to support

30 Unlike choline analogues labeled with (11)C or (18)F that are c

31 d not differ significantly between the (18)F-choline and (68)Ga-PSMA groups.

32 he proteins within nanocapsules that contain choline and acetylcholine analogues, is reported herein.

33 ng the mAbs within nanocapsules that contain choline and acetylcholine analogues; such analogues faci

34 her concentrations of hypoxanthine, proline, choline and acetylcholine and decreased concentrations o

35 bolites (sugars, amino acids, organic acids, choline and betaine) to determine whether the compositio

36 he two branches of the Kennedy pathways (CDP-choline and CDP-ethanolamine) are the predominant pathwa

37 n men (n = 4479; P = 0.54 and 0.49 for total choline and dietary choline, respectively).

38 f sn-1 hydrolysis of arachidonoyl-containing choline and ethanolamine glycerophospholipids by other p

39 In this study, we hypothesize that the choline and geranate (CAGE) ionic liquid can reduce body

40 Using choline and geranic acid (CAGE) based ionic liquid (IL)

41 Insulin is mixed with ILs/DES made from Choline and Geranic acid (CAGE) to form a viscoelastic C

42 he potential of ionic liquids, in particular choline and geranic acid (CAGE), for oral delivery of a

43 Choline-based ILs, in particular choline and geranic acid (CAGE), have been used to enhan

44 igated the transdermal delivery of NOB using choline and geranic acid (CAGE), which is a biocompatibl

45 structures which eventually dissociated into choline and geranic acid molecular species.

46 nthesized using two metabolites of the body, choline and lactic acid (ChoLa).

47 Choline and methionine may serve unique functions to alt

48 Concentrations of neurochemicals choline and myo-inositol that were higher pretransplant

49 We further show that fos-choline and PEG family detergents may lead to membrane p

50 However, both total choline and phosphatidylcholine intakes were associated

51 As part of the mechanism to preserve choline and phosphatidylcholine, choline transporter def

52 on of preterm parenteral nutrition with both choline and PUFAs.

53 Apc(Min/+) mouse tumours showed negative choline and valine gradients, but a positive glycine gra

54 mpounds (chlorogenic acids, trigonelline and choline) and caffeine is higher in Arabica coffees.

55 vities of the cytidine diphosphocholine (CDP-choline) and phosphatidylethanolamine-N-methyltransferas

56 men with concurrent high intakes of B6, B12, choline, and methionine and moderate intake of betaine h

57 ating levels of the gut metabolites betaine, choline, and TMAO in human CKD, across animal species as

58 Betaine, choline, and TMAO levels were associated with renal func

59 anging brown bears had higher betaine, lower choline, and undetectable TMAO levels compared to captiv

60 vitamins D, C, and E; beta-carotene; folate; choline; and n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids [PU

61 Betaine and choline are abundantly present in wheat species.

62 id and cations with structural similarity to choline at a ratio of 1:2.

63 We measured choline at rest in both the dorsal and ventral striatum

64 MicroRNA-129-5p is regulated by choline availability and controls EGF receptor synthesis

65 We report that low choline availability during retinogenesis leads to persi

66 We further show that low choline availability impairs timely differentiation of r

67 We lowered choline availability in the maternal diet during pregnan

68 Choline availability modulates neurogenesis and cerebral

69 Whether prenatal choline availability plays a role in development of the

70 ndings demonstrate, for the first time, that choline availability plays an essential role in the regu

71 Choline-based ILs, in particular choline and geranic aci

72 up carrier database (MGDB) including folate, choline, betaine and methionine, for use in the European

73 of one-carbon cofactors vitamins B6 and B12, choline, betaine, and methionine and neural tube defect

74 Plasma concentrations of free choline, betaine, and phosphatidylcholine were measured

75 the competence (Com) regulon and downstream choline binding protein D (CbpD) and on the competence-i

76 2) featuring a cavity resembling that of the choline-binding protein ChoX, as revealed by crystal and

77 e found that small molecules can bind in the choline-binding site hindering approach to the phosphoro

78 c knockout experiments confirmed its role in choline biosynthesis and maintaining glycine betaine hom

79 ia parasites, PC synthesis can occur via the choline branch of the Kennedy pathway, the N-methylation

80 on of CDP-choline, a key intermediate in the choline branch of the Kennedy pathway.

81 The increased uptake of choline by HCCs promotes phospholipid formation, DNA hyp

82 etaine aldehyde inhibits TMA production from choline by human gut bacterial isolates and a complex gu

83 ontained higher amounts of vitamins A and D, choline, calcium, iron, and potassium.

84 ate associations of TMAO and its precursors (choline, carnitine, and betaine) with inflammatory and c

85 between analytes (hydrogen bond donors) and choline chloride (a hydrogen bond acceptor) supported in

86 ytes exposed to increasing concentrations of choline chloride (CC) and D,L-methionine (DLM).

87 Choline chloride and phenol in a 1:2 M ratio was used as

88 A second infusion of methyl-D9-choline chloride at day 5 clearly indicated continued ac

89 ls in deep eutectic solvents (DESs) based on choline chloride combined with alcohols/ureas.

90 the thermophysical results, the solvent with choline chloride had the most compact fluid structure.

91 ernal choline supplementation (ChS; 5.0 g/kg choline chloride) in two generations (Gen) of APP/PS1 mi

92 Intriguingly, choline chloride, a commercial salt taste enhancer, is a

93 epended on Cl(-) rather than Na(+) Moreover, choline chloride, an established salt taste enhancer, wa

94 ic solvent comprising magnesium chloride and choline chloride.

95 from incorporations of deuterated methyl-D9-choline chloride.

96 hows a systematic study of the impact of DES choline chloride/p-toluenesulfonic acid and DES choline

97 line chloride/p-toluenesulfonic acid and DES choline chloride/p-toluenesulfonic acid-water in the aza

98 eutectic solvents (NADES), a combination of choline chloride:citric acid was selected because of its

99 Choline chloride:phenol-based DES showed the best result

100 water (1:2:3 M ratio), XoCH, and citric acid:choline chloride:water (1:1:6 M ratio), CiCH.

101 in the agro-food field were studied: xylitol:choline chloride:water (1:2:3 M ratio), XoCH, and citric

102 two DESs have been characterized: d-glucose:choline chloride:water (GCH) and d-glucose:citric acid:w

103 e concentrations of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline (Cho) and creatine (Cr).

104 s pathway starts with the phosphorylation of choline (Cho) or ethanolamine (Etn) catalyzed by either

105 ic resonance imaging (MRI) and (1)H-MRS with choline (Cho) signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) measured follo

106 Also, a significant effect of drugs, choline (CHO), idebenone (IDB), R-alpha-lipoic acid plus

107 ate+glutamine, creatine+phosphocreatine, and choline compounds in 78 children and adults with ASD and

108 mate+glutamine, creatine+phosphocreatine, or choline compounds measured by proton magnetic resonance

109 . the junction with the stomach) of alanine, choline compounds, creatine, leucine and valine.

110 ylaspartate (tNAA), myo-inositol (mI), total choline-containing compounds (tCho), creatine, and gluta

111 nd phenolic acids (PAs) profile, betaine and choline contents were quantified in six different wheat

112 tibody L1-10 was evaluated in the methionine-choline deficient (MCD) and streptozotocin-western diet

113 hepatitis upon feeding with a methionine and choline deficient diet (MCDD).

114 iorated CXCL1/HFD-induced NASH or methionine-choline deficient diet-induced NASH in mice.

115 methionine- and choline-deficient diet or a choline-deficient (CD) diet.

116 icamycin or by high-fat, low-methionine, and choline-deficient (HFLMCD) diet.

117 yl-donors methionine and choline [methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet] is a well-established mode

118 /+) mice were fed a high-fat methionine- and choline-deficient diet (HFMCD) or a Western diet with li

119 C57Bl/6 mice were subjected to a methionine-choline-deficient diet causing nonalcoholic fatty liver

120 db/db mice were fed with methionine- and choline-deficient diet for 12 weeks and C57BL/6 NTac wer

121 were fed a conventional or a methionine- and choline-deficient diet or a choline-deficient (CD) diet.

122 In Apc(ko-liv) mice, the methionine- and choline-deficient diet reduced proliferation and DNA hyp

123 WDF, or to db/db mice on the methionine and choline-deficient diet, the antibodies prevented, stoppe

124 a high-fat diet and in mice fed a methionine-choline-deficient diet.

125 The choline-deficient ethionine-supplemented mouse model of

126 Choline-deficient ethionine-supplemented-induced DR expa

127 es of liver tissues collected from mice on a choline-deficient high-fat diet, which developed chronic

128 matory and antifibrotic actions in mice with choline-deficient l-amino acid-defined high-fat diet-ind

129 ospholipid metabolism in brain of methionine-choline-deficient rats.

130 high-fat/high-cholesterol, Western diet, and choline-deficient, amino acid-defined, are similarly pro

131 andard chow (n = 12 per group); (c) received choline-deficient, l-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet (

132 Direct incorporation of methyl-D9-choline demonstrated that this transition was driven by

133 Choline depletion of cells also caused CCTalpha transloc

134 in which sexual conversion was stimulated by choline depletion.

135 PET/CT with choline derivatives used to be the standard tool for ima

136 hermore, we find that animals exposed to low choline diet in utero exhibit a significant degree of in

137 photoreceptor precursors, are reduced in low choline embryonic d 17.5 retinas.

138 ies aberrant neuronal differentiation in low choline embryos.

139 ssociation may be due to the rich content of choline, especially phosphatidylcholine, in eggs because

140 haperone protein resistance to inhibitors of choline esterase (RIC-3).

141 De novo phospholipogenesis, mediated by choline-ethanolamine phosphotransferase 1 (CEPT1), is es

142 , our data suggest that mitochondria require choline for maximum function, demonstrate the importance

143 nce for the importance of adequate supply of choline for proper development of the visual system.

144 aling a mechanism by which commensals obtain choline for subsequent production of disease-associated

145 The use of an NRPS-like enzyme for reductive choline formation is energetically efficient compared wi

146 UPLC-MS studies confirmed the presence of choline-geranate species in blood indicative of micellar

147 and the second strategy involved the use of choline-geranic acid ionic liquid (CAGE) to enhance its

148 ochemical concentrations (N-acetylaspartate, choline, glutamate, glutamine, myo-inositol, and total c

149 Our findings demonstrate that the oxidative choline-glycine betaine degradation pathway can operate

150 tient were significantly higher in the (18)F-choline group (3.4 ng/mL, n = 34) than in the (68)Ga-PSM

151 1.29) had an AUC of 0.79 (0.72-0.85), of NAA-choline had an AUC of 0.74 (0.66-0.80), and of lactate-N

152 ecially phosphatidylcholine, in eggs because choline has been suggested to have a role in the prevent

153 The two best ILs, choline hexanoate and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetat

154 e in the availability of the diet metabolite choline impacts the essential cellular processes underly

155 eory (DFT)-optimized structures, which binds choline in a unique dual-site-binding mode.

156 Specifically, lower levels of choline in the dorsal striatum were associated with a lo

157 Average levels of choline in the dorsal striatum were associated with perf

158 Low availability of choline in utero disrupts development and function of th

159 hypothesis of a positive association between choline intake and BP.

160 phins, highlighting the importance of proper choline intake during the perinatal period, especially w

161 Total choline intake had no association with the risk of incid

162 In women, both total and dietary choline intake tended to be inversely associated with hy

163 The mean +/- SD total choline intake was 431 +/- 88 mg/d, of which 188 +/- 63

164 Choline intake was assessed with the use of two 24-h rec

165 ietary compared with supplemental sources of choline intake were also investigated.

166 Current dietary recommendations for choline intake were undertaken without critical evaluati

167 This study assessed the association of choline intake with hypertension and BP in US adults thr

168 sociation of total, dietary, or supplemental choline intake with systolic or diastolic BP (n = 6,554;

169 f total (dietary + supplemental) and dietary choline intake with the prevalence odds of hypertension

170 We investigated the associations of dietary choline intake with the risk of incident dementia and wi

171 nsion (n = 4748; prevalence OR per 100 mg of choline intake: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.77, 1.02; P < 0.10 for b

172 CPCT, L. major parasites cannot incorporate choline into PC, yet the CPCT-null mutants contain simil

173 e incorporated radiolabeled methyl groups of choline into phospholipids and DNA.

174 for studies of incorporation of radiolabeled choline into phospholipids and its contribution to DNA m

175 naerobic gut microbial pathway that converts choline into trimethylamine (TMA) is broadly linked to h

176 Dietary choline is a precursor of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO),

177 Choline is critical for normative function of 3 major pa

178 Sufficient intake of dietary choline is critical for proper brain function and neurod

179 The essential nutrient choline is metabolized by gut bacteria to the disease-as

180 Streptococcus pneumoniae choline kinase (sChoK) has previously been proposed as a

181 In addition, we examined the ability of choline kinase alpha (Chka), a gene paralog of Chkb, to

182 ether, these data offer strong evidence that choline kinase alpha has a heretofore underappreciated r

183 Here, we show that choline kinase alpha interacts with the SH3 domain of c-

184 Choline kinase alpha is a 457-residue protein that catal

185 Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of choline kinase alpha, an enzyme that catalyzes phosphoch

186 for a non-catalytic protein-binding role for choline kinase alpha.

187 ntered on stopping the catalytic activity of choline kinase and reducing the downstream metabolites i

188 caused by loss of function mutations in the choline kinase beta (CHKB) gene which results in dysfunc

189 ans, the CPT1B gene is closely linked to the choline kinase beta (CHKB) gene, which is transcribed fr

190 olic action has been well studied because of choline kinase's link to cancer malignancy and poor pati

191 found N-terminal to the catalytic domain of choline kinase.

192 Specifically, we found that low choline (LC) availability led to the upregulation of miR

193 lism of certain dietary nutrients, including choline, lecithin, l-carnitine, and gamma-butyrobetaine.

194 netic resonance spectroscopy, we showed that choline levels at rest in the dorsal striatum are associ

195 Moreover, choline levels explained interindividual variance in per

196 aken without critical evaluation of maternal choline levels.

197 mical reactions in the (1) methionine cycle (choline: lower in AD, p = 0.003; S-adenosyl methionine:

198 ted by TRAF3 in B cells are clustered in the choline metabolic pathway.

199 dentifying a relationship between microbiome choline metabolism and CRC.

200 including those with increased and decreased choline metabolism as measured by the tissue uptake of t

201 Our findings suggest that TRAF3-regulated choline metabolism has diagnostic and therapeutic value

202 to characterize phosphatidylcholine (PC) and choline metabolism in preterm infants and demonstrate th

203 Cerebral choline metabolism is crucial for normal brain function,

204 s choline transport into mitochondria, where choline metabolism leads to an increase in mitochondrial

205 oping additional inhibitors of gut microbial choline metabolism, including therapeutic candidates.

206 idylcholine (PtdCho) synthesis and regulates choline metabolism.

207 and provide insight in understanding fungal choline metabolism.

208 ficiency of the methyl-donors methionine and choline [methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet] is a w

209 s identified in post-ATI basal ganglia total choline MRS, suggesting an alteration in neuronal membra

210 Glx (as well as N-acetylaspartate, choline, myo-inositol and creatine) group contrasts from

211 However, most of the choline obtained via the diet and present in the human b

212 and 40 patients underwent PET/CT with (18)F-choline or (68)Ga-PSMA ligand, respectively.

213 o) or ethanolamine (Etn) catalyzed by either choline or ethanolamine kinase (CEK).

214 (AAOx), alcohol (AOx), pyranose (PyOx), and choline oxidase (ChOx).

215 upled enzymatic reactions catalyzed by AChE, choline oxidase and horseradish peroxidase, leading to p

216 nitoring their inhibitory effects toward the choline oxidase enzyme, through the amperometric measure

217 this transition was driven by an active CDP-choline pathway that synthesized PC enriched in species

218 ded to image was 2 (for CT) and 4 (for (11)C-choline PET) to avoid 1 incorrect treatment.

219 were 5.5 and 3.3 mm, respectively, for (18)F-choline PET/CT and 3.7 and 2.3 mm, respectively, for (68

220 ere 11.2 and 7.4 mm, respectively, for (18)F-choline PET/CT and 6.3 and 4.9 mm, respectively, for (68

221 Conclusion: (11)C-choline PET/CT can detect PCa recurrence even among pati

222 Conclusion: (11)C-choline PET/CT can detect PCa recurrence even among pati

223 Purpose: To evaluate (11)C-choline PET/CT detection performance for biochemically r

224 ose was to evaluate the performance of (11)C-choline PET/CT in detecting biochemically recurrent pros

225 ion: (68)Ga-PSMA PET/CT is superior to (18)F-choline PET/CT in the detection of LNM.

226 ntil PSMA agents are fully approved for PCa, choline PET/CT may provide clinical utility.

227 e antigen agents are fully approved for PCa, choline PET/CT may provide clinical utility.

228 The correlation between (11)C-choline PET/CT positivity and initial treatment, Gleason

229 The correlation between (11)C-choline PET/CT positivity and initial treatment, Gleason

230 When considering scores of 2 only, (11)C-choline PET/CT positivity was 54% (28%, 46%, 62%, and 81

231 When considering scores of 2 only, (11)C-choline PET/CT positivity was 54% (28%, 46%, 62%, and 81

232 etween the 2 readers deemed 66% of the (11)C-choline PET/CT scans as positive.

233 ween the two readers deemed 66% of the (11)C-choline PET/CT scans as positive.

234 Methods: We retrospectively analyzed (11)C-choline PET/CT scans from 287 patients who were enrolled

235 Methods: We retrospectively analyzed (11)C-choline PET/CT scans from 287 patients who were enrolled

236 SA >=2.0 ng/mL scored either 1 or 2 on (11)C-choline PET/CT scans.

237 east 2.0 ng/mL scored either 1 or 2 on (11)C-choline PET/CT scans.

238 e level of suspicion for recurrence on (11)C-choline PET/CT was scored (0, negative; 1, equivocal; 2,

239 e level of suspicion for recurrence on (11)C-choline PET/CT was scored (0:negative, 1:equivocal, 2:po

240 , postoperative radiotherapy allowed); (11)C-choline PET/CT, (68)Ga-PSMA PET/CT, and diagnostic CT pe

241 ecific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT, (11)C-choline PET/CT, and standard CT imaging in the same pati

242 DSv2 instead of Likert scoring, hybrid (18)F-choline PET/mpMRI cost $46,867/QALY gained relative to m

243 he health and economic consequences of (18)F-choline PET/mpMRI for the detection of primary prostate

244 Conclusion: (18)F-choline PET/mpMRI for the detection of primary prostate

245 Multiple simultaneous hybrid (18)F-choline PET/mpMRI strategies were evaluated using Likert

246 Results: When the results of (18)F-choline PET/mpMRI were negative, performing a standard b

247 sidered in this study performed hybrid (18)F-choline PET/mpMRI with Likert scoring on men with elevat

248 to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of (18)F-choline PET/multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) versus mpMRI alo

249 vealed that citrate increased by HS, whereas choline, phosphocholine, N-acetylcarbohydrates, lactate,

250 of recurrence, and 28% of patients had (11)C-choline-positive suspected recurrences outside the initi

251 on (PROMISE) criteria were used to map (11)C-choline recurrence patterns.

252 modifying the maternal diet with additional choline reduces AD pathology across multiple generations

253 sphocholine (PC), glycerophosphocholine, and choline relative to each other and to total creatine (tC

254 0.54 and 0.49 for total choline and dietary choline, respectively).

255 n part, explain aberrant neurogenesis in low choline retinas.

256 after NAC was 0.9 +/- 0.44 cm.Positive total choline signal (tCho) was detected in all cases.

257 f phosphatidyl ethanolamine and phosphatidyl choline species, corroborated by DESI-MS, which again re

258 d the transgenerational benefits of maternal choline supplementation (ChS; 5.0 g/kg choline chloride)

259 we examined the impact of perinatal maternal choline supplementation (MCS) in a mouse model of Down s

260 could not be complemented by ethanolamine or choline supplementation for the synthesis of phosphatidy

261 Long-term effects of maternal choline supplementation on CA1 pyramidal neuron gene exp

262 Use of choline supplements was inversely associated with hypert

263 his study, we addressed the role of in utero choline supply for the development and later function of

264 ty, which is the only pathway for endogenous choline synthesis and is responsible for hormonally regu

265 MRI lesions or Likert 3-4 lesions with (18)F-choline target-to-background ratios of greater than or e

266 ns or PI-RADSv2 3-4 mpMRI lesions with (18)F-choline target-to-background ratios of greater than or e

267 ol (mIns) in DLPFC and hippocampus and total choline (tCho) in ACC.

268 such as argininic acid, acetylcarnitine, and choline that localize to the cortex, medulla, and renal

269 When chronically treated with choline, those characteristics disappeared and mutant ul

270 Oxidation of D9-choline through D9-betaine resulted in the transfer of 1

271 ne aldehyde targets the gut microbial enzyme choline TMA-lyase (CutC).

272 Documenting the switch from the use of (18)F-choline to (68)Ga-PSMA in 2014, we used 2 patient cohort

273 ms to turn on a metabolic switch that shunts choline to generate betaine instead of TMAO, characteris

274 which evidences that a molar ratio of 1:2 of choline to geranic acid yields the highest delivery.

275 acterial isolates that are unable to convert choline to TMA, suggesting that additional members of th

276 PLD) enzyme and further convert the released choline to TMA.

277 that catalyzes the reaction between ATP and choline to yield ADP and phosphocholine.

278 We discover that Slc44a2 mediates choline transport into mitochondria, where choline metab

279 Functional analysis revealed diminished choline transport yet the membrane phosphatidylcholine c

280 athological function of proteins involved in choline transport.

281 cle spindle afferents with the high-affinity choline transporter antagonist hemicholinium-3 similarly

282 to preserve choline and phosphatidylcholine, choline transporter deficiency was implicated in impaire

283 dhood-onset neurometabolic disease caused by choline transporter deficiency with autosomal recessive

284 deoxyglucose PET, and they overexpressed the choline transporter organic cation transporter 3.

285 Lys90Metfs*18) in the SLC44A1 gene encoding choline transporter-like protein 1.

286 ted by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and choline transporters, such nanocapsules can effectively

287 Choline treatments could restore the membrane lipids, re

288 analysis of raw metagenomes showed that the choline trimethylamine-lyase gene was overabundant in CR

289 Choline uptake and metabolism in HCCs were analyzed by m

290 Here, we report that many choline-utilizing gut microorganisms can hydrolyse PC us

291 t cortical NPC self-renewal is controlled by choline via the expression of a microRNA (miR-129-5p), w

292 associated with a 100-mg difference in total choline was -0.26 +/- 0.22 mm Hg for systolic BP and -0.

293 Choline was associated with higher systolic blood pressu

294 to examine whether regional average striatal choline was associated with reversal learning.

295 Also, our data indicate that choline was decreased in the ALS model astrocytes, which

296 Hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine to choline was found to be catalysed by phospholipase D enz

297 Also in treated patients, choline was increased in left middle frontal gyrus (18 v

298 thesized betaine in vitro in the presence of choline, whereas this failed to occur in Chdh(-/-) oocyt

299 ko-liv) mice had increased uptake of dietary choline, which contributes to phospholipid formation and

300 es further support for the idea of measuring choline with magnetic resonance spectroscopy as a noninv

301 turated fatty acids, vitamins B(3,12) and D, choline, zinc, and selenium.