ライフサイエンスコーパス: chromosome number

1 s, allowing evolution of chromosome size and chromosome number.

2 ouse strain(s), class of polymorphism(s) and chromosome number.

3 close relatives changing in genome size and chromosome number.

4 species by hybridization without a change in chromosome number.

5 inkage groups, which agrees with the haploid chromosome number.

6 hromosomal rearrangements and alterations in chromosome number.

7 esting aberrant cell division, and increased chromosome number.

8 displayed significantly fewer alterations of chromosome number.

9 he tumour cell and was not simply related to chromosome number.

10 s of the two mitochondrial rRNA genes and in chromosome number.

11 are exploited by eukaryotes to reduce their chromosome number.

12 gest scaffolds, corresponding to its haploid chromosome number.

13 , some species display dramatic variation in chromosome number.

14 characterized by extensive abnormalities in chromosome number.

15 idizations that could account for their high chromosome number.

16 resulting in gametes containing the correct chromosome number.

17 ic accumulation of cells with a hypotriploid chromosome number.

18 erile, producing aneuploid eggs with altered chromosome number.

19 age-stage human embryos carrying an abnormal chromosome number.

20 in microtubule-kinetochore interactions and chromosome numbers.

21 ctivated and exhibit a broad distribution of chromosome numbers.

22 n in meiosis leads to gametes with incorrect chromosome numbers.

23 id, in that they harbour cells with abnormal chromosome numbers.

24 ing that these neoplasms have instability of chromosome numbers.

25 eir large genome sizes, complexity, and high chromosome numbers.

26 latter two taxa have significantly different chromosome numbers.

27 but some groups show remarkable variation in chromosome numbers.

28 ated through subsequent generations with new chromosome numbers.

29 process generates cells that carry abnormal chromosome numbers.

30 s moubata cell line OME/CTVM22 had the modal chromosome number 33 instead of 2n = 20 chromosomes for

31 ll lines IRE/CTVM19 and IRE/CTVM20 had modal chromosome numbers 48, 23 and 48, respectively.

32 six different definitions of hyperdiploidy: chromosome number 51-67 (Chr51-67); DNA index (DI; DI1.1

33 ra-CTP compared with cell lines with diploid chromosome numbers (66.5 v 13.6 pmol/mg protein and 137.

34 An abnormal chromosome number, a condition known as aneuploidy, is a

35 Genome size was correlated with chromosome number across all ferns despite some substant

36 omes 1, 2, 3, (6), 11, (13), 16, 20, and 21 (chromosome number alterations are indicated in parenthes

37 with speciation often result in variation in chromosome number among closely related species.

38 No polymorphism in DNA sequence or chromosome number among individuals collected within a l

39 generations, despite the fact that the mean chromosome number among lines was approximately 38.

40 characterized by variability in the diploid chromosome numbers among species.

41 an 70% of the tumor cells containing altered chromosome number and a mean chromosome number of 56.

42 ints are essential for preserving the normal chromosome number and act synergistically with homologou

43 hat contain multiples of the typical diploid chromosome number and are found in many different organi

44 Fourth, although chromosome number and biotrophy-related gene content are

45 planation for the prevalence of hyperdiploid chromosome number and centrosome amplification observed

46 quence probe clarified and confirmed the new chromosome number and characterized the 45S rDNA structu

47 Incorrect chromosome number and chromosomal instability are hallma

48 asps exhibited chromosomal clines, involving chromosome number and decreasing of GC content, latitudi

49 ould result in aneuploidy (state of abnormal chromosome number and DNA content) at the next mitosis s

50 Reduction in chromosome number and genetic recombination during meios

51 s mitotic spindle orientation and integrity, chromosome number and genomic stability.

52 m healthy human liver samples and determined chromosome number and identity using traditional karyoty

53 hat does not require an a priori estimate of chromosome number and minimizes errors by scaffolding wi

54 Karyotype analysis showed that increased chromosome number and multiple Robertsonian translocatio

55 f incompatible loci in hybrids is limited by chromosome number and recombination.

56 Such fusion events changed the basic chromosome number and resulted in distinct allopolyploid

57 Chromosome number and size as well as movement velocity

58 lying characteristics of karyotypes, such as chromosome number and size, govern the scaling of the mi

59 ese divisions typically result in defects in chromosome number and stability.

60 N) results in an increased rate of change of chromosome number and structure and generates intratumou

61 Changes in chromosome number and structure are important contributo

62 are the events that initiate the changes in chromosome number and structure between species, and lik

63 sis also revealed a significant variation in chromosome number and structure between the 2 genera.

64 Genomic instability, involving chromosome number and structure changes, has been docume

65 isms actively maintain the stability of both chromosome number and structure.

66 -dependent X-signal element to communicate X-chromosome number and thereby determine nematode sex.

67 Lower chromosome numbers and increased chromosome fusions conf

68 yos displayed a higher incidence of aberrant chromosome numbers and mitotic dysfunction compared to w

69 Chromosome numbers and molecular markers (AFLPs) documen

70 her differences are also observed in diploid chromosome numbers and morphologies.

71 infer ancestral character reconstructions of chromosome numbers and nuclear DNA contents.

72 us with different, and usually higher, basic chromosome numbers and ploidy levels.

73 ne's large, complex genome, and the variable chromosome numbers and polyploidy of sugarcane cultivars

74 es occasionally as well as maintaining their chromosome numbers and proper chromosome pairings.

75 ions in the tetrapod lineage may account for chromosome numbers and provides histories for several hu

76 Although unstable chromosome numbers and recurrent aneuploidies drive a la

77 , genic incompatibilities and differences in chromosome numbers and structure within hybrid genomes a

78 ere already characterized by possessing high chromosome numbers and that the earliest divergences in

79 10; n, gametic chromosome number; x, haploid chromosome number) and Cardaminopsis arenosa (2n = 4x =

80 led directly with cell size (and so with the chromosome number), and bands often contained clusters o

81 events that fundamentally alter DNA content, chromosome number, and gene dosage.

82 research were to determine the genome size, chromosome number, and organization of ribosomal DNA (45

83 genized, undergo grafts, tolerate changes in chromosome number, and provide fertile offspring after w

84 icial genes that are activated by changes in chromosome number, and that this elaborate mechanism reg

85 utant p53 demonstrated the same stability of chromosome number, and the same stability of chromosome

86 gin of modern ferns from ancestors with high chromosome numbers, and the occurrence of several whole-

87 is characterized by widespread imbalances in chromosome number (aneuploidy) and loss of heterozygosit

88 In other tumours, an abnormal chromosome number (aneuploidy) has suggested an instabil

89 Abnormal chromosome number (aneuploidy) is a common finding in hu

90 mal instability (CIN) leading to an abnormal chromosome number (aneuploidy) is observed.

91 BRCA2-deficient cells exhibit alterations in chromosome number (aneuploidy), as well as structurally

92 Segregation errors lead to an abnormal chromosome number (aneuploidy), which typically results

93 ture, as manifested by tolerance to changing chromosome numbers (aneuploidy and polyploidy), genome s

94 chromosome missegregation leads to abnormal chromosome numbers (aneuploidy)(1-8).

95 of chromosome evolution and step changes in chromosome number applicable to a wide range of organism

96 rsity in genome size, replicon geometry, and chromosome number are discussed at inter- and intraspeci

97 Abnormalities of chromosome number are the most common genetic aberration

98 Unreduced gametes (gametes with the somatic chromosome number) are known to facilitate polyploid for

99 s of aneuploidy, characterized by imbalanced chromosome numbers, are associated with lethal progressi

100 ed scaffolding tools either require a priori chromosome number as input, or lack the ability to build

101 Strain GR131 has wild-type morphology and chromosome number, as assessed by flow cytometry.

102 Dosage balance requirements maintained chromosome numbers at or near the tetraploid level, and

103 t aneuploidy can perpetually destabilize the chromosome number because it unbalances the elements of

104 ity to quantify and visualize differences in chromosome number between experimentally-defined groups

105 ation (XCI) compensates for differences in X-chromosome number between male and female mammals.

106 angements that may underlie the variation in chromosome number between these species.

107 rant karyotypes with alterations not only of chromosome number but also of chromosome structure inclu

108 suggest that STAG2 has a role in controlling chromosome number but not the proliferation of bladder c

109 nts, polyploidy and subsequent reductions in chromosome number by fusion are major sources of chromos

110 ms that reproduce sexually must reduce their chromosome number by half during meiosis to generate hap

111 lled X signal elements (XSEs) communicates X chromosome number by repressing the activity of the mast

112 ecially monophyletic taxa with multiple base chromosome numbers, can result from clade-specific genom

113 n are the most common engines of the runaway chromosome number change observed.

114 The effects of single chromosome number change-dysploidy - mediating diversifi

115 the main evolutionary mechanisms generating chromosome number change.

116 We found that the chromosome-number changes persisted, and TERT-positive A

117 f transformed colonies were heterogeneous in chromosome number, consistent with the hypothesis that a

118 rom DMP1-null animals revealed pseudodiploid chromosome numbers, consistent with the retention of wil

119 tively, data demonstrate that alterations in chromosome number contribute to PL similarly in women an

120 d breaks are elevated 3- to 12-fold, but the chromosome number distribution remains unchanged.

121 utterflies that rapidly evolved the greatest chromosome number diversity known in animal kingdom with

122 In most taxa, halving of chromosome numbers during meiosis requires that homologo

123 ed significantly with local heterogeneity in chromosome number, elevation, soil characteristics, and

124 ical divergence, so we examined the roles of chromosome number, environmental heterogeneity, and migr

125 This indicates that chromosome numbers evolve via random walk along branches

126 However, instead of chromosome numbers exponentially increasing due to recur

127 Plasticity in chromosome number following targeting has been proposed

128 The diploid chromosome number for 52 male C. punctulatus sampled fro

129 osomes resulting in 2n = 4x = 168, a revised chromosome number for A. digitata.

130 The reduction of the basic chromosome number from 12 to 10 in chloridoids and panic

131 The reduction of the basic chromosome number from 12 to 7 in the Triticeae has take

132 Controversies concerning the reduction of chromosome number from 48 to 46 in humans by putative fu

133 oid numbers of chromosomes, and they vary in chromosome number from cell to cell within a single tumo

134 LS-R) model capable of accurately predicting chromosome number from each cell's Raman spectrum, there

135 Aneuploidy, a deviation of the chromosome number from euploidy, is one of the hallmarks

136 We report BMD cardiomyocytes with a normal chromosome number, fusion of BMD cells with host cardiom

137 nd separated (S-type) 5S and 35S rDNA units, chromosome number, genome size and ploidy level.

138 High hyperdiploidy (a modal chromosome number >50) and an age of 1 to 5 years were a

139 Aneuploidy, an aberrant chromosome number, has been recognized as a common chara

140 Aneuploidy, an abnormal chromosome number, has been recognized as a hallmark of

141 Changes in chromosome number have a critical role in the evolution

142 ated duplication/triplication(s), angiosperm chromosome numbers have usually been restored to a narro

143 Because of their high chromosome numbers, homosporous vascular plants were con

144 Changes in chromosome number impair fitness by disrupting the balan

145 mosome structure among percomorphs show that chromosome number in a pipefish ancestor became reduced

146 -chromosome instability leading to incorrect chromosome number in dividing cells-can arise from defec

147 Reduced chromosome number in Kwoniella is associated with format

148 d four sex chromosomes, the highest recorded chromosome number in non-polyploid Metazoa.

149 We find that length correlates with chromosome number in the mother cell.

150 sults reveal Mps1 as a critical regulator of chromosome number in zebrafish, and demonstrate how slig

151 this study, we analyse genome size data and chromosome numbers in a phylogenetic framework to explor

152 general mechanism of restoring small linear chromosome numbers in higher eukaryotes.

153 in Trp53(515C/515C) mice retained a diploid chromosome number, in sharp contrast to aneuploidy obser

154 particular produce offspring with different chromosome numbers, including diploid and tetraploid pro

155 s in chromosome number, reflecting cycles of chromosome number increase (polyploidy and centric fissi

156 major sources of chromosomal evolution, but chromosome number increase by fission has been relativel

157 However, differences in chromosome numbers increase the risk of genetic incompat

158 y was largely lacking until mouse models for chromosome number instability were used.

159 Patients were stratified by modal chromosome number into 4 groups: 24 to 29 (N = 46); 33 t

160 rlier hypothesis that changes in C. albicans chromosome number is a common means to control a resourc

161 mes remains highly conserved in evolution as chromosome number is constant and comparative chromosome

162 The resulting reduction in chromosome number is essential to prevent the generation

163 X chromosome number is relayed by X signal elements (XSEs)

164 Aneuploidy, an incorrect chromosome number, is a hallmark of cancer.

165 peciation (HHS), which involves no change in chromosome number, is an important mechanism of speciati

166 rom aneuploidy, which is a state of abnormal chromosome number, is crucial to understanding their res

167 ich is hybrid speciation without a change in chromosome number, is facilitated by adaptation to a nov

168 l rearrangements that lead to differences in chromosome number, length, content, and sequence arrange

169 ories, and hypodiploidy was defined as modal chromosome number less than 44 and/or DNA index less tha

170 ion have not been estimated because modeling chromosome numbers linked to diversification with hetero

171 e name(s), functional description, organism, chromosome number, location, Entrez Gene ID, GO terms, I

172 la has a short life cycle and relatively low chromosome number, making it a potential model plant for

173 y distinct cells that differ with respect to chromosome number manifested as aneuploidy; however, the

174 senting cellular doubling time, DNA content, chromosome number, metacentric chromosome frequency, tel

175 Rev3L null cells had increased chromosome numbers, most commonly near pentaploid, and d

176 exhibiting aneuploidy still had the expected chromosome number, mostly through reciprocal monosomy-tr

177 ber of linkage groups and the actual haploid chromosome number (N = 31).

178 However, the reduced genome size and chromosome number (n = 5) of Arabidopsis complicates com

179 ic areas, and often marked by different base chromosome numbers (n = 6 to 10)-began diverging from ea

180 We show that extensive variation in both chromosome number (NCV) and structure (SCV) accumulated

181 This reduction in chromosome number, not observed in p53-null cells with M

182 sage compensation states are determined by X chromosome number, not phenotypic sex.

183 This reduction in chromosome number occurs through two highly asymmetric c

184 A. cruentus alone, giving rise to a haploid chromosome number of 17 (versus 16 in A. hypochondriacus

185 and their hybrids had a chromosome number of 2n = 2x = 16.

186 ily Varanidae) studied so far share the same chromosome number of 2n = 40.

187 hoblastic leukemia (ALL), defined by a modal chromosome number of 51 to 65, we assessed the growth po

188 ch cells exhibited 40% aneuploidy and a mean chromosome number of 54.

189 taining altered chromosome number and a mean chromosome number of 56.

190 osome fusion can cause a change in the basic chromosome number of a species, thus imposing a major im

191 A chromosome number of four was confirmed by cytological k

192 neer chromosome fission, raising the diploid chromosome number of maize from 20 to 22.

193 Karpechenko [15] first reported the accurate chromosome number of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L., 2n

194 e or more markers, agreeing with the haploid chromosome number of tea.

195 Meiosis divides the chromosome number of the cell in half by having two roun

196 amilies Solanaceae and Rubiaceae had a basic chromosome number of x=11 or 12.2) No whole-genome dupli

197 Despite our knowledge of the chromosome numbers of sugarcane and its wild relatives,

198 thologous markers in one genome and only the chromosome number on which each marker resides in the ot

199 Aneuploidy, defined as abnormal chromosome number or somatic DNA copy number, is a chara

200 onger period of time for woody plants to fix chromosome number or structural variants in natural popu

201 the database using a specified gene symbol, chromosome number or tumor model to identify both CIS ge

202 Abnormal chromosome number, or aneuploidy, is common in early mam

203 ccepted mechanism for generating an aberrant chromosome number, or aneuploidy, is through nondisjunct

204 pical distributions, elevation, variation in chromosome number, or other types of historic climate ch

205 Most errors in chromosome number originate from the egg, and maternal a

206 Here we tested if multiple base chromosome numbers originated due to genome diploidizati

207 eninsular Ranges where clades with different chromosome numbers overlap, topographic complexity provi

208 ons, which reduced initiation efficiency and chromosome number per cell, and the degree of suppressio

209 We found that chromosome numbers possess a strong phylogenetic signal.

210 mic features as broad ploidy variation, high chromosome numbers, presence of numerous microchromosome

211 nome-another phaseoloid legume with the same chromosome number-provide provisional genetic locations

212 In the eastern samples, the diploid chromosome number ranged from 37 to 45, whereas in Orego

213 The ancestral chromosome number reconstruction suggests their occurren

214 al angiosperms affected by WGD, we show that chromosome number reduction (CNR) is best explained by i

215 ed by considerable karyotype reshuffling and chromosome number reduction and a neopolyploidy event du

216 chromosomal rearrangements that led to maize chromosome number reduction from 20 to 10 were uncovered

217 semblies suggests two distinct mechanisms of chromosome number reduction from an inferred nine-chromo

218 ppears to be the dominant mechanism of basic chromosome number reduction in grasses.

219 to be important mechanisms underlying grass chromosome number reduction.

220 ic genomes is accompanied by fluctuations in chromosome number, reflecting cycles of chromosome numbe

221 Homosporous ferns have extremely high chromosome numbers relative to flowering plants, but the

222 Aneuploidy, which refers to unbalanced chromosome numbers, represents a class of genetic variat

223 The chromosome numbering schemes of the genetic linkage and

224 ring plants, but the species with the lowest chromosome numbers show gene expression patterns typical

225 Quantification of chromosome numbers showed that Klf4(-/-) MEFs were aneup

226 s (MIC) of Tetrahymena thermophila differ in chromosome numbers, sizes, functions, transcriptional ac

227 and that dosage balance mechanisms enforced chromosome number stability.

228 chromosomal repatterning, including altered chromosome numbers, structure and distribution of repeat

229 Aneuploidy, an abnormal chromosome number that deviates from a multiple of the h

230 Most solid tumors are aneuploid, having a chromosome number that is not a multiple of the haploid

231 A change in chromosome number that is not the exact multiple of the

232 t in sexual reproduction is the reduction in chromosome number that occurs at the meiosis I division.

233 While changes in chromosome number that result in aneuploidy are associat

234 ing cell-cycle entry and controlling ploidy (chromosome number), the effector molecules at the interf

235 potheses: the correlation of genome size and chromosome number, the origin of modern ferns from ances

236 llopolyploids resulting from the increase of chromosome number through hybridization and subsequent c

237 Cytogenetically, a reduction in diploid chromosome numbers through centric fusion in derived kar

238 lear hormone receptor helps to communicate X-chromosome number to determine nematode sex.

239 Organisms that count X-chromosome number to determine sex utilize dosage compen

240 lements) by which the large genomes and high chromosome numbers typical of homosporous ferns may have

241 The DNA sequence and chromosome number variation data, together with prelimin

242 c data for Brassicaceae indicate that extant chromosome number variation in many plant groups, and es

243 some fusions/fissions led to the present-day chromosome number variation within the Brassiceae.

244 uncommon phenotypes among offspring owing to chromosome number variation.

245 -defined subclades in the virtual absence of chromosome number variation.

246 We found evidence of sibling line-specific chromosome number variations and rapidly diverging pheno

247 ing at only a few sites in southern England, chromosome number varied from 14 to 23 in T. troglodytes

248 Our G-banding analysis revealed that the chromosome number varies from 66 to 71, with multiple re

249 ntegrated lac operator arrays, we found that chromosome number varies substantially among nuclei shar

250 However, chromosome numbers vary dramatically between genomes, ev

251 population (2n = 9, 10, or 11), whereas the chromosome number was fixed in the sexual population (2n

252 or normal diploid (n = 66) karyotypes; modal chromosome number was not a significant prognostic facto

253 pp. ticks, and both increase and decrease in chromosome numbers were observed.

254 d using flow cytometry in 79 species and new chromosome numbers were obtained.

255 d using flow cytometry in 79 species and new chromosome numbers were obtained.

256 e others fused independently and randomly as chromosome numbers were reduced in lineages leading to A

257 nes had both centrosome defects and abnormal chromosome numbers, whereas neither was observed in nont

258 ould be mainly due to the great reduction in chromosome number, which could lead to a large reduction

259 nstable genomes and increased centrosome and chromosome numbers, which are an important part of malig

260 om the C terminus, developed abnormally high chromosome numbers, which implies that Top2-Mus101 inter

261 evolve in vitro to retain a near-tetraploid chromosome number while losing the extra centrosomes gai

262 ow that two sex-determination signals, the X chromosome number within the germ cells and a female som

263 abidopsis thaliana (2n = 2x = 10; n, gametic chromosome number; x, haploid chromosome number) and Car