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1 suring physical parameters of the actomyosin cortical layer.
2 re characteristic of pyramidal cells in each cortical layer.
3 rons are generally localized within the same cortical layer.
4 radial glia fibers to reach the appropriate cortical layer.
5 clei and cytoskeleton form a two-dimensional cortical layer.
6 * nAChR currents depended on neuron type and cortical layer.
7 ated by currents and firing in supragranular cortical layers.
8 apical dendrites extending into superficial cortical layers.
9 at runs perpendicular to the pia into deeper cortical layers.
10 seek to assign FP/LFP recordings to specific cortical layers.
11 s mediated by diffusion of potassium to deep cortical layers.
12 on with genes that are expressed in specific cortical layers.
13 al modulation varies by cell type and across cortical layers.
14 nsity of channelrhodopsin2 expression across cortical layers.
15 yonic brain displayed altered development of cortical layers.
16 a lesser extent, in V1 neurons in the other cortical layers.
17 efferent connections terminate in different cortical layers.
18 ng six with increased expression in the deep cortical layers.
19 ein distributions across synapse classes and cortical layers.
20 how this effect varies across cell types and cortical layers.
21 duction of proliferative zones and disrupted cortical layers.
22 e enhancement (DCS-LTP) was recorded in deep cortical layers.
23 le levels of GAD67 mRNA is ~30% lower across cortical layers.
24 and faint (Off) spiking synchronously across cortical layers.
25 those species, is observed only in the upper cortical layers.
26 which give rise to projection neurons of all cortical layers.
27 ncy at eye opening, which are similar across cortical layers.
28 rogeneity, and their responses varied across cortical layers.
29 eurons that project expansively to the upper cortical layers.
30 nd a pronounced reactive gliosis in the deep cortical layers.
31 lowing to discriminate between the different cortical layers.
32 and examine the involvement of the different cortical layers.
33 f input partially overlapped and spanned all cortical layers.
34 ng of neurons in the superficial and deepest cortical layers.
35 trol of the flow of sensory responses across cortical layers.
36 ables simultaneous, long-term imaging of all cortical layers.
37 n a gradient from the pial surface to deeper cortical layers.
38 nsity of neurons and conservation of the six cortical layers.
39 ons, many of which populated the superficial cortical layers.
40 the most pronounced loss observed in deeper cortical layers.
41 nts of spasms are initiated in infragranular cortical layers.
42 amma band phase synchrony within and between cortical layers.
43 integrating synaptic inputs across different cortical layers.
44 neurogenesis of projection neurons in outer cortical layers.
45 igate the way these signals flow through the cortical layers.
46 head movements trigger excitation across all cortical layers.
47 ively measure neural activity from different cortical layers.
48 panzees do not display astrogliosis in other cortical layers.
49 erstood, pathway emanating from two distinct cortical layers.
50 ed activation of different cell types across cortical layers.
51 ature astrocytes localized primarily in deep cortical layers.
52 t has severe limitations for studying deeper cortical layers.
53 the spontaneous, ongoing LFP recorded across cortical layers.
54 more prominent impact on those of the lower cortical layers.
55 r in amygdala, striatum or cortex and in all cortical layers.
56 vessels followed by vessels penetrating the cortical layers.
57 icient mice are postnatal viable with normal cortical layering.
60 Here, we investigated how INs located in cortical layer 1 (L1) of rat barrel cortex affect whiske
61 veloping GABAergic projection from the ZI to cortical layer 1 that is essential for proper developmen
62 ons form a GABAergic axon plexus in neonatal cortical layer 1, making synapses with neurons in both d
63 sly unknown interneuronal circuits that link cortical layer 1-3 (L1-3) interneurons and L5 pyramidal
68 ic acid (GABA) release on dendrites of mouse cortical layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons could induce gephyr
71 Parasubicular neurons span the height of cortical layers 2 and 3, and we observed no obvious asso
72 oth PV+ and SST+ interneurons selectively in cortical layers 2-4 without numerically changing the tot
73 erived from two radial glia on average, span cortical layers 2-6, and are composed of a random sampli
74 puts to single excitatory neurons throughout cortical layers 2/3-6 in the mouse primary visual cortex
76 S) approach to quantify over 200 proteins in cortical layers 3 and 5 of two cohorts of human subjects
79 biophysicochemical model of a somatosensory cortical layer 4 to layer 2/3 synapse to study the role
81 a model assuming thalamic projections to two cortical layer-4 cell populations: one excitatory (putat
82 ure with simultaneous synaptic activation of cortical layer-4 neurons, mimicking the effect of a sing
87 and heterogeneous, with axons emanating from cortical layers 5 and 6, and plays a key role in directi
88 rate successful OGB-1 AM loading of cells in cortical layers 5-6 and subsequent three-photon imaging
89 64-channel silicon microelectrode arrays in cortical layers 5/6 of the primary visual cortex of chro
91 t to the thalamus originates from neurons in cortical layer 6 (L6); however, the function of this cor
92 e neurons, located in the white matter below cortical layer 6 and characterized here for the first ti
93 ice that develop without a cortex or without cortical layer 6 axonal projections, and find that RGC a
95 eurons leads to mislocalized cells in deeper cortical layers, abnormal positioning of the centrosome-
97 r processing schemes change as a function of cortical layer and cell type in awake mice.SIGNIFICANCE
98 onal partition of plasticity within a single cortical layer and reveal the LII/III to LV connection a
99 motif of a core thalamic input to the middle cortical layer and that thalamocortical synapses form a
100 e for Gata4 activity in morphogenesis of the cortical layer and the preservation of normal cardiac fu
101 -up modulations were strongest in the middle cortical layer and weaker in deep and superficial layers
102 of migratory cells contributes to defects in cortical layering and hypocellularity in the ventral LGN
103 GF-1 receptor failed to migrate to the upper cortical layers and accumulated at the ventricular/subve
106 specific molecular signatures for individual cortical layers and areas, prominently involving genes a
108 grating anatomical data at the resolution of cortical layers and borders, we know little about the mo
109 n identified but the contribution of each to cortical layers and cell types through specific lineages
112 s that specific neuronal connections, across cortical layers and even within individual neurons, resp
113 level, ASD genes are enriched in superficial cortical layers and glutamatergic projection neurons.
114 uit excitatory and inhibitory neurons across cortical layers and how brain state modulates laminar in
115 dynamics of several thousand neurons across cortical layers and in the hippocampus of awake behaving
116 interneuron subtypes, residing in different cortical layers and innervating complementary laminar do
117 ntain neurons from both deep and superficial cortical layers and map transcriptionally to in vivo fet
118 n neurons that project focally to the middle cortical layers and more "matrix" calbindin neurons that
120 oral response dynamics of PMd neurons across cortical layers and show stronger and earlier decision-r
121 stimulate identified sets of neurons across cortical layers and simultaneously record the produced s
123 neously recorded neuron firing in prefrontal cortical layers and the caudate-putamen of rhesus monkey
124 requiring the integration of signals across cortical layers and the selection of executive variables
126 n and observed that the degree to which deep cortical layers and white matter are incorporated into t
127 idered the avian homologue of mammalian deep cortical layers and/or amygdalar subdivisions, but one-t
128 or CBSH3+ DNAs, migrated to the appropriate cortical layer, and became integrated in cortical circui
129 g depth of 2PM within the mouse brain to the cortical layer, and imaging subcortical structures curre
130 cDCS reliably induced DCS-LTD in superficial cortical layers, and a long-term potentiation (LTP)-like
131 activate layer 4 first and sequentially all cortical layers, and MMN is elicited independent of the
132 s." Different models have suggested distinct cortical layers, and rhythms implement predictive coding
134 imination reveals white matter fascicles and cortical layer architecture in brains of live mice.
138 electrical stimulation across cell types and cortical layers are largely driven by their different ax
140 We found that neurons in thalamus and deep cortical layers are most sensitive to changes in conscio
141 stem exists in which distinct mPFC areas and cortical layers are targeted depending on the location o
142 ormed by local neural populations, such as a cortical layer, are typically inferred from anatomical c
143 various vessel compartments and at different cortical layers as well as transient ischemic events wer
144 majority of SST-expressing cells across all cortical layers, as well as some PV-expressing cells in
145 ficantly upregulated PAI-1 expression in all cortical layers assessed (p < 0.05) and reduced neuronal
147 uniform within the neocortex, even within a cortical layer, but are specialized within subcircuits.
148 ore likely to be connected vertically across cortical layers, but not laterally within the same layer
149 tal deafness between supragranular and other cortical layers, but similar dystrophic effects in all i
150 ons mediate widespread inhibition across all cortical layers by recruiting fast-spiking inhibitory ne
151 7(KIP1) control neuronal output for distinct cortical layers by regulating different stages of precur
152 twork trained on data recorded at a specific cortical layer can be used to accurately segment active
153 d immunofluorescent labelling in AD in every cortical layer compared to CNT and neocortical LBD.
154 d with the frontal ERP, concentrated in deep cortical layers corresponding to the zone of BF input, w
157 vide an adhesive code for the development of cortical layers, due to their homophilic interactions an
158 Contrary to expectation that the output cortical layers encode stimulus information most accurat
159 FLVCR2 mutations exhibited reduced cerebral cortical layers, enlargement of the cerebral ventricles,
162 ate that establishes distinct upper and deep cortical layers for neurons and astrocytes, resembling t
163 eocortex, which are known to be critical for cortical layer formation and are hypothesized to be impo
166 quantification of proteins within individual cortical layers from human postmortem brain tissue, prov
168 over the more fundamental questions of which cortical layers generate alpha rhythms and whether the g
169 Ca2+ imaging of neuronal populations in deep cortical layers has remained a major challenge, as the r
171 These rhythms, as well as the different cortical layers, have also been closely related to feedf
173 lly characterized interneuron types of adult cortical layer I, suggesting a fairly broad expression a
177 tions from neurons in ipsilateral entorhinal cortical layer II as well as from bilateral dorsal CA2 a
178 ny other species and their linear density in cortical layer II generally increased with brain size.
182 r with the accumulation of tau inclusions in cortical layers II and III, distinguishes CTE from Alzhe
184 umber of GADD45b-stained cells in prefrontal cortical layers II, III, and V in psychotic patients.
185 er are concentrated in excitatory neurons in cortical layers II-III, IV, and V, as well as the dentat
189 ed, suggesting a generalizable role for this cortical layer in influencing motor commands and cogniti
192 ermine physical parameters of the actomyosin cortical layer in vivo directly from laser ablation expe
194 nally targeted two-photon imaging across all cortical layers in awake mice using a microprism attachm
195 xpression of synaptic AMPARs across multiple cortical layers in awake mice using two-photon imaging.
198 d power (30-80 Hz) in the middle-superficial cortical layers in regions surrounding the activated whi
199 d light on the different functional roles of cortical layers in spatial integration and on how L3 dyn
200 results suggest a division of labor between cortical layers in the coding of visual input and visual
201 t how this process is implemented across the cortical layers in the frontoparietal saccade network re
203 pyramidal neurons (PNs) from rat superficial cortical layers in vivo and in vitro using 2-photon imag
205 ons originate from different combinations of cortical layers, include an inhibitory component, and fo
206 ts in the subarachnoid space and superficial cortical layers, indicative of chronic bleeding events o
211 ound beta-amyloid staining, predominantly in Cortical Layers IV and VI in 27 of the 32 cats used in t
212 of astrocytes, abundant in thalamo-recipient cortical layers ("kissing" astrocytes), overlap markedly
213 on's birth, and certain populations, such as cortical layer (L) 4 excitatory neurons of the primary s
214 rcuitry of V1 by deleting separately in each cortical layer (L) a gene required to close the critical
216 ivo 2-photon imaging of pyramidal neurons in cortical layers L4 and L2/3 of awake mouse primary audit
217 ought to propagate primarily from the middle cortical layer (layer 4, L4) up to L2/3 and down to the
218 between single-neuron morphology, mesoscale cortical layering, macroscopic cortical thickness, and,
227 led to activity in both superficial and deep cortical layers, motor imagery engaged only superficial
228 progenitor cells can generate deep and upper cortical layer neurons and form functional neuronal netw
230 hape changes are insured by a thin, dynamic, cortical layer of cytoskeleton underneath the plasma mem
231 grade tracing studies in rats to examine the cortical layer of origin, the sizes of parent axons, and
232 sh heart regeneration, cardiomyocytes in the cortical layer of the ventricle induce the transcription
233 depth and dendritic path lengths within each cortical layer of vS1, as well as spiking patterns durin
234 tensive neural circuits that span across all cortical layers of a V1 column, and reflects both feedfo
236 d in the migration of young neurons into the cortical layers of the brain during early human developm
238 using simultaneous recordings from multiple cortical layers of the premotor cortex of monkeys perfor
239 fic combinations of signals from the various cortical layers of their input areas, possibly differing
240 re most clearly defined in the supragranular cortical layers of V1, particularly at middle levels of
242 expression of genes previously implicated in cortical layer or phenotypic identity in individual cell
243 hether attention acts non-selectively across cortical layers or whether it engages the laminar circui
247 theories proposing that neurons in the deep cortical layers represent perceptual hypotheses and ther
248 to iron-positive deposits in the superficial cortical layers, representing the chronic manifestation
250 tent of interneuron recruitment in different cortical layers.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This study identi
251 ultaneously from V1 neurons spanning all six cortical layers so that we could characterize the lamina
256 ginning of gliogenesis, and later within the cortical layers, suggesting a mechanism by which astrocy
257 estricted to, or more pronounced in, certain cortical layers, suggesting that genetic vulnerabilities
259 riations across different cortical areas and cortical layers that appear species-specific, and expres
261 S directly activates fibers within the upper cortical layers that leads to the activation of dendrite
263 teractions are clustered non-randomly across cortical layers to form synergy and redundancy hubs.
264 lary blood flow and oxygen distribute across cortical layers to meet the local metabolic demand is in
265 al neurons process information from multiple cortical layers to provide a major output of cortex.
266 protein expression varies across regions and cortical layers to provide insights into the differences
267 CUX2-expressing projection neurons in upper-cortical layers underlying meningeal inflammation; such
269 icrolesions were easily identified in deeper cortical layers using the neuronal marker NeuN, showed a
270 progressive neurodegeneration prominently in cortical layer V and spinal ventral horn, motor dysfunct
272 in pyramidal neurons of the hippocampal and Cortical layer V of the Epm2a or Nhlrc1 knockout mice br
273 ase, there is selective destruction of motor cortical layer V pyramidal neurons and degeneration of t
278 ured spheroids had high levels of TBR1 (deep cortical layer VI) and Nkx2.1 (ventral cells), and matri
279 cells being most numerous and dense close to cortical layer VI, decreasing significantly in density w
282 e inputs from presynaptic cells in different cortical layers, we investigated whether AMPAR-mediated
283 ogical atlas of cortical thickness and which cortical layers were contributing to these gradients.
286 igns of astrogliosis and a compaction of the cortical layers were observed at 90 days postinfection.
287 s, feed-forward information enters at middle cortical layers whereas feedback information arrives at
288 such that early-born neurons settle in deep cortical layers whereas late-born neurons populate more
289 ity is predominantly observed in superficial cortical layers, whereas alpha- and beta-band activity i
290 d thalamic mediodorsal nucleus to the middle cortical layers, which are thought to be highly efficien
291 cDCS aftereffects are not uniform throughout cortical layers, which may explain the incomplete cDCS c
292 class of SPNs receives inputs from only deep cortical layers, while the second class of SPNs receives
293 nstituted the majority of neurons across all cortical layers whose responses dominated the net spikin
294 ium (AId), an avian analog of mammalian deep cortical layers with involvement in motor function.
295 rated that microstimulation of infragranular cortical layers with patterns of microcurrents derived f
297 alpha generators were present in each of the cortical layers, with a strong source in superficial lay
298 y to improvements in discriminability across cortical layers, with changes in firing rates most impor
299 causality, were also dominant between these cortical layers within a time window when the contour si
300 tory neurons whose cell body resides in deep cortical layers yet whose axons arborize throughout all