ライフサイエンスコーパス: diffusible

1 The remaining diffusible actin concentration is orders of magnitude hi

2 Roughly a quarter of the diffusible actin pool is in filamentous form as diffusin

3 The diffusible actin transport, on the other hand, is global

4 andscape can heavily influence the effect of diffusible activators and should be more widely consider

5 nism for this phenomenon: confinement causes diffusible activators to accumulate locally and surpass

6 emonstrate that the eyeballs are a source of diffusible all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) that allow the

7 ide (LCO) Nod factors is well characterized, diffusible AM fungal signals were only recently identifi

8 intain chromosome content by generation of a diffusible anaphase inhibitor.

9 studies reveal that anaphase inhibitors are diffusible and active outside the confines of the mitoti

10 on deconvolved x-ray fluorescence imaging of diffusible and bound ions at native concentrations, with

11 onsistent with this perspective, the readily diffusible and broadly reactive (*)NO is increasingly ap

12 -cell signaling through the exchange of both diffusible and contact-dependent signals.

13 opmental biologists have defined many of the diffusible and transcription factors that control muscle

14 However, bacteriocins are typically freely diffusible, and so of little value to planktonic cells i

15 ic glioma cells, vascular endothelial cells, diffusible angiogenic factors, and necrosis formation in

16 This shows that TA is the major M. xanthus-diffusible antibacterial agent against E. coli.

17 hemotaxis-driven aggregation - mediated by a diffusible attractant - is able to capture several quant

18 pinal cord, axons are initially attracted by diffusible attractive protein signals to approach and cr

19 ion device that is able to globally diminish diffusible autocrine signaling by applying continuous me

20 ed MAMPs-activated root defense, revealing a diffusible bacterial component that may regulate plant i

21 in multiple processes as well as a membrane-diffusible barrier between the mother and developing bud

22 he ability of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), a diffusible breakdown product of omega-6 polyunsaturated

23 Here we describe a role for the diffusible C. elegans protein LECT-2, which is homologou

24 chymosin, in spite of very similar levels of diffusible calcium and phosphate concentration to those

25 te intermediate could be formed, producing a diffusible carbonate radical upon reoxidation of copper.

26 s and sufficient for nuclear import of a non-diffusible cargo in permeabilized cells.

27 ellipodium and directional migration along a diffusible CCL19 gradient.

28 urified chromosomes catalytically generate a diffusible Cdc20 inhibitor or inhibit Cdc20 already boun

29 udies have found that mechanical stimuli and diffusible chemical components can regulate the Hippo pa

30 Its activity is tightly regulated by both diffusible chemical ligands and mechanical stimuli.

31 Bacteria use diffusible chemical messengers, termed pheromones, to co

32 In the dark, cells produce a diffusible chemical signal that diffuses into light regi

33 cells often co-ordinate their behaviour via diffusible chemical signals.

34 g view that Ntn1 is an FP-derived long-range diffusible chemoattractant for CAs, but suggest a novel

35 line has been thought to act as a long-range diffusible chemoattractant for commissural axons (CAs).

36 ct from the floor plate (FP) as a long-range diffusible chemoattractant for commissural axons in the

37 d GFRalpha1 signaling in response to GDNF, a diffusible chemoattractant in the limb, indicating that

38 /Chondromodulin II acts as a muscle-derived, diffusible cofactor together with a skin-derived cell ad

39 During organogenesis, FGFs are diffusible communication signals that allow cells to coo

40 m hours to minutes compared to circuits with diffusible components.

41 butable to production of and resistance to a diffusible compound that inhibits growth of other cells.

42 Unexpectedly, diffusible cortical signals had the most potent effects

43 nitors to sense and respond appropriately to diffusible CSF-borne signals distributed widely througho

44 VD and FLP dendritic arbors and can act as a diffusible cue from a distance to shape dendritic arbors

45 A new study identifies a diffusible cue that mediates interactions with the epide

46 re we report the unexpected discovery that a diffusible cue, the axon guidance protein UNC-6 (Netrin)

47 linked coupling between regionally localized diffusible cues and cell adhesion can help axons navigat

48 Cell adhesion molecules and diffusible cues both regulate axon pathfinding, yet how

49 The expression patterns of the diffusible cues of the Slit family were altered in the f

50 ther the in-growing axons themselves produce diffusible cues to instruct target innervation remains u

51 on signaling pathways that are activated by diffusible cues, which shed light on synaptogenesis in t

52 emonstrated in mammalian myocytes, relies on diffusible cytoplasmic buffers, such as carnosine, homoc

53 ion of channels might be occurring through a diffusible cytoplasmic factor.

54 Simulations suggest that diffusible cytotoxic treatments, such as chemotherapy, m

55 ugh cAMP exhibits a strong spatial gradient, diffusible DARPP-32 facilitates the spread of PKA activi

56 nuclei play the role of traps that localize diffusible dpERK.

57 gical reconstructions, pharmacogenetics, and diffusible dye, calcium, and glutamate imaging, to direc

58 fish embryos, our analysis reveals a pool of diffusible Dystrophin and complexes bound at the fibre m

59 ultiprotein complexes are connected by small diffusible electron carriers, the mobility of which is c

60 ects are due to genetic variants that affect diffusible elements.

61 e and its substrate tryptophan to synthesize diffusible exotoxins that kill the nematode Caenorhabdit

62 However, the levels of diffusible extracellular Abeta, a neuropeptide largely p

63 Since netrin-1 is a diffusible extracellular cue, the pathophysiology likely

64 n high expression of xynA, indicating that a diffusible extracellular xynA density factor is present

65 s mediated by a combination of Y-27632 and a diffusible factor (or factors) released by apoptotic fee

66 also show that EFN-4 probably functions as a diffusible factor because EFN-4 engineered to be soluble

67 rowth cone repellent factors (especially the diffusible factor Slit2) are required for CC development

68 y cavity and acts non-cell autonomously as a diffusible factor.

69 states are dictated by the concentrations of diffusible factors (trans memory).

70 Both diffusible factors acting in trans and chromatin compone

71 Diffusible factors are known to affect cancer cell migra

72 reagents through the chip and for exchanging diffusible factors between cell chambers.

73 bition of spirochete motility by one or more diffusible factors elaborated by the feeding tick midgut

74 Diffusible factors involved in patterning are reduced (F

75 s can constantly invade and free-ride on the diffusible factors produced by the cooperative cells.

76 ing is a complex process mediated in part by diffusible factors secreted from immune cells found at a

77 Thus, intraislet diffusible factors should perhaps be considered as an al

78 the hallmarks of cancer via the secretion of diffusible factors that can affect cancer cells or strom

79 3-dimensional tissue culture system to assay diffusible factors that can limit proliferation in the c

80 y signaling via both paracrine and autocrine diffusible factors that induce differential effects on t

81 the developing lung alters the regulation of diffusible factors that promote mesenchymal proliferatio

82 tting are the result of interactions between diffusible factors with antagonistic effects, morphogene

83 pecific types of interaction did not require diffusible factors, but appears to depend on cell-cell c

84 mal environment via physical interaction and diffusible factors.

85 ity in the patterning of immune responses by diffusible factors.

86 ough ECM modulation rather than by secreting diffusible factors.

87 Incorporation of diffusible fluorescent labels into the viral membrane an

88 -bound FMN and between the bound FMNH2 and a diffusible FMN.

89 ain isoform, VEGF164, and expresses only the diffusible form, VEGF120.

90 Diffusible forms of Abeta, especially Abeta(42), decline

91 idence supports the hypothesis that soluble, diffusible forms of the amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta) are

92 hanism to convert ECM-bound VEGF into freely diffusible forms.

93 eractions can occur in vivo, suggesting that diffusible germinants or other signals appear sufficient

94 In contrast, PSY could not access freely diffusible GGPP or time-displaced GGPP supply via GGPS11

95 uch as regulation of microtubule dynamics by diffusible gradients, spatially selective motor activiti

96 interactions or over long distances through diffusible gradients.

97 is comprised of extracellular matrix (ECM), diffusible growth factors, cytokines and a variety of no

98 Here, we show that netrin-1, a diffusible guidance cue expressed along the migratory ro

99 -dependent rapid endocytosis stimulated by a diffusible guidance cue.

100 We found that diffusible guidance molecules caused membrane potential

101 the acidic zone via Ca(2+)/H(+) exchange on diffusible HDPs and ATP molecules, energized by the [H(+

102 t, polarity, energy status, stress, and many diffusible hormonal factors, the majority of which act t

103 rystal structures of non-rhodopsin GPCRs for diffusible hormones and neurotransmitters presents an un

104 that VAP MSP domains are secreted and act as diffusible hormones for Eph receptors.

105 y, although NK cells kept moving over freely diffusible ICAM-1 on a lipid bilayer, they bound and spr

106 is observed only as long as GAT107 is freely diffusible in solution, although the potentiating activi

107 obleaching, we show that Hsk1-Dfp1 is freely diffusible in the nucleus.

108 catalyzing the intramitotic production of a diffusible inhibitor of APC/C(Cdc20) (the anaphase-promo

109 1, is released via exosomes, and is a potent diffusible inhibitor of regenerative growth in NgR1-expr

110 ocalized activator that is antagonistic to a diffusible inhibitor was able to simulate the switch-lik

111 f additional fronts by generating long-range diffusible inhibitors or by sequestering essential polar

112 ngers and include the highly phosphorylated, diffusible inositol polyphosphates (InsPs) and inositol

113 stinct Ca(2+) signals, generated by a freely diffusible InsP3 message.

114 studies of a model enzyme, M8, showed that a diffusible intermediate preferentially reacted with argi

115 tercomplex electron transfer, which requires diffusible intermediates and the cytochrome b6f complex.

116 -ADP-ribosylation, which is mediated through diffusible intermediates.

117 e explained predominantly by modulation from diffusible intracellular factors, and not changes in cha

118 luding endogenous trace metals (Fe, Cu, Zn), diffusible ions (Cl(-), K(+), Ca(2+)), and exogeneous me

119 l protocols for microscopy, we observed that diffusible ions such as potassium and sodium were lost d

120 However, given that the BMP signal can be diffusible, it remains unclear how a local extracellular

121 Although nitric oxide is freely diffusible, its biological function can be controlled by

122 Netrin-1, a diffusible laminin-related protein, is highly expressed

123 However, because these diffusible LDEs can modify many targets [e.g., >700 cyst

124 a direct response to an as yet unidentified diffusible ligand.

125 terestingly, oligomeric amyloid-beta-derived diffusible ligands (ADDLs) caused mitochondrial fragment

126 er soluble Abeta forms (amyloid beta-derived diffusible ligands (ADDLs)) were also suggested to form

127 oligomers, also referred to as Abeta-derived diffusible ligands (ADDLs), act as highly specific patho

128 for G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) with diffusible ligands have employed extensively mutated or

129 PGs do not act by transporting extracellular diffusible ligands or require leukocyte antigen-related

130 aled that the substitution alters binding of diffusible ligands to the iron center.

131 A highly specific molecular interaction of diffusible ligands with their receptors belongs to the k

132 eta) assemblies (also known as Abeta-derived diffusible ligands, or ADDLs) may represent a primary ne

133 s in the structural study of GPCRs that bind diffusible ligands.

134 ially regulated in the GPCRs that respond to diffusible ligands?

135 of GPCR interaction could be well suited for diffusible linear peptide ligands and a common feature o

136 Mycolactone is a diffusible lipid secreted by the human pathogen Mycobact

137 or question about lipid signaling is whether diffusible lipids can selectively target specific protei

138 iscussion of the current distinction between diffusible long-range versus substrate-bound short-range

139 gh the production, release, and reception of diffusible low molecular weight chemical signaling molec

140 lar, hot break puree exhibited twice as much diffusible lycopene as compared to cold break, while bot

141 ting at unattached kinetochores to produce a diffusible Mad2-Cdc20 intermediate and a diffusible step

142 Planktonic P. aeruginosa diffusible material (PsaDM) induced stronger p38alpha MA

143 omycete strain CNQ-525 can reduce MnO2 via a diffusible mechanism.

144 proinflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha acts as a diffusible mediator of the bystander effects induced by

145 Immune responses are regulated by diffusible mediators, the cytokines, which act at sub-na

146 ited a rapid drop in current upon removal of diffusible mediators.

147 ation genetics, in which a single species of diffusible, membrane-bound signalling molecules can self

148 A potent, diffusible messenger is hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), but it

149 The diffusible messenger NO plays multiple roles in neuropro

150 responsible for spatially constraining this diffusible messenger remain elusive.

151 production of calcium influx factor (CIF), a diffusible messenger that can deliver the signal from th

152 argets for activity-dependent modulation via diffusible messengers NO and BDNF, which enhance and dep

153 c utility for monitoring reactions involving diffusible metabolites in other complex biological matri

154 diated by both direct cell-cell contacts and diffusible microparticles.

155 Lansky et al. now show that the diffusible microtubule crosslinker Ase1p can generate sl

156 ery to actively sort biosynthetic cargo from diffusible misfolded and resident ER proteins.

157 Two-color PALM shows that the freely diffusible mitochondrial matrix protein is largely exclu

158 dies revealed a significant reduction in the diffusible mobility of CypB(W128A)-GFP compared with Cyp

159 e order of 1 mm, greater than expected for a diffusible molecular cue.

160 a network when the local concentration of a diffusible molecule surpasses a critical threshold.

161 rocess in which bacteria secrete and sense a diffusible molecule, thereby enabling bacterial groups t

162 peroxide (H2 O2 ), which is a small, readily diffusible molecule.

163 ich quenches oscillations and incorporates a diffusible molecule.

164 does not rely exclusively on the exchange of diffusible molecules and energy carriers such as hydroge

165 th large eukaryotic cells: they employ small diffusible molecules and involve receptor subunits resem

166 ty, bacterial populations produce and detect diffusible molecules called autoinducers.

167 However, some of these diffusible molecules could have reversible effects on br

168 oral distributions of an extensive number of diffusible molecules drive a variety of complex function

169 Diffusible molecules extravasate, intravasate, are remov

170 We suggest that tension, rather than diffusible molecules generated or sequestered at the lea

171 ween blood flow and the extraction of freely diffusible molecules in tissue, was recently extended to

172 In this study, we sought to identify diffusible molecules produced during the HR that could i

173 row transplantation is not limited to freely diffusible molecules such as enzymes, but also large str

174 cognized that bacteria communicate via small diffusible molecules, a process termed quorum sensing.

175 e facing biologists is to relate the diverse diffusible molecules, control circuits, and gene regulat

176 chanism wherein P. aeruginosa secretes small diffusible molecules, specifically acyl homo serine lact

177 um sensing (QS) is a mechanism wherein small diffusible molecules, specifically acyl-homoserine lacto

178 ethodology to label, retain, and image small diffusible molecules, which can be transposable to other

179 e-spanning complexes, or indirectly, through diffusible molecules.

180 dapted for adsorption of nutrients and other diffusible molecules.

181 small changes in the local concentration of diffusible molecules.

182 o the newly established two-component flavin-diffusible monooxygenase family, were identified in the

183 hether FGF8 controls patterning as a classic diffusible morphogen has not been directly tested.

184 These observations support FGF8 as a classic diffusible morphogen in neocortex, thereby guiding futur

185 A "notch-drives-growth" model, in which a diffusible morphogen produced at each notch promotes spe

186 , whose DNA-binding affinity is modulated by diffusible N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) signalling mo

187 axons target normally despite replacement of diffusible Netrin-B by membrane-tethered ligands.

188 troglial CNTF expression was not affected by diffusible neuronal molecules or by neurotransmitters.

189 ults are compatible with a role for the fast-diffusible NO gas in signaling and cell-cell communicati

190 Here, we use diffusible nucleic acid imaging probes to profile neuron

191 The inclusion of a diffusible nutrient, supplied by the blood vessels, allo

192 oluble amyloid fibrils and the generation of diffusible oligomeric aggregates that are implicated as

193 However, formation of diffusible, oligomeric forms of Abeta, both on and off p

194 The recent recognition that small, diffusible oligomers may be the principal bioactive form

195 lls possessing foci had fewer (if any) small diffusible oligomers of Htt103Q.

196 tivity such as the mRNA and siRNA or nuclear diffusible oligonucleotide.

197 ts riboflavin and Rose Bengal as well as the diffusible one-electron oxidant Na2IrCl6.

198 Cells communicate by sensing diffusible or surface-associated chemical signals, with

199 Mechanistic studies provide evidence for diffusible organic radicals and highlight the difference

200 ng from unattached kinetochores to produce a diffusible |P;wait anaphase|P' signal.

201 ally regulated; however, the function of the diffusible p75NTR ectodomain (p75ECD) after shedding rem

202 At each stage within such as a cascade, a diffusible particle is reversibly bound by immobile trap

203 s and can be phenocopied by manipulating non-diffusible Pent targets strictly within the Pent express

204 elf-enhancing activator protein, HetR, and a diffusible pentapeptide inhibitor PatS-5 (RGSGR).

205 ane protein that can be cleaved to release a diffusible peptide.

206 lution containing orthophosphate reduced the diffusible phosphorus content in a concentration-depende

207 g axonal transport of CPs that have inherent diffusible pools and distinguish this transport modality

208 Helicobacter pylori (Hp) secrete VacA, a diffusible pore-forming exotoxin that is epidemiological

209 eptor and motor complexes are coupled by the diffusible protein CheY-P.

210 ent), a gene repressed by Dpp that encodes a diffusible protein that expands Dpp gradients.

211 s, it is unclear whether gradients of freely diffusible proteins can form within bacterial cells give

212 membrane-bound elements and does not involve diffusible proteins or small molecules.

213 We assume that cooperators generate a diffusible public good, which can be absorbed by any cel

214 Nitric oxide (NO) is a diffusible radical gas produced from the activity of nit

215 ng proteins shield the genetic material from diffusible reactive oxygen species by reacting with them

216 This freely diffusible reactive oxygen species is proposed as the ag

217 Small diffusible redox proteins facilitate electron transfer i

218 y, treating larvae with hydrogen peroxide, a diffusible ROS that has been implicated as a signaling m

219 H2O2 has an important role as a diffusible second messenger [2], and mediates its effect

220 oxide (NO) functions widely as a transmitter/diffusible second messenger in the central nervous syste

221 se functional roles as a neurotransmitter or diffusible second messenger in the developing and adult

222 These results strongly suggest that a key diffusible second messenger mediating the MOR-signaling

223 ratio-calcium-imaging methods, we describe a diffusible second messenger pathway stimulated by the MO

224 lysis and is therefore mediated by a readily diffusible second messenger.

225 pathway involves Gq/11 and is mediated by a diffusible second messenger.

226 gs suggest that local generation of a highly diffusible signal can regulate polarized cell growth, pr

227 Signal molecules of the diffusible signal factor (DSF) family have been shown re

228 ling by cis-2-unsaturated fatty acids of the diffusible signal factor (DSF) family.

229 ll-cell communication system consisting of a diffusible signal factor (DSF) synthase, RpfF, and a DSF

230 Many bacterial pathogens produce diffusible signal factor (DSF)-type quorum sensing (QS)

231 chain fatty acid signaling molecules such as diffusible signal factor, which act as cell-to-cell comm

232 The release of OMVs was suppressed by the diffusible signal factor-dependent quorum-sensing system

233 The diffusible signal factors (DSFs) are a family of quorum-

234 ons to virulence and quorum sensing, such as diffusible signal factors (DSFs), acyl-homoserine lacton

235 d fatty acids, a rare chemical class used as diffusible signal factors (DSFs), are highly potent inhi

236 It does this by generating a diffusible signal from free kinetochores into the cytopl

237 3D hydrogel by incorporating the sets of the diffusible signal molecules delivered through drug-relea

238 e gene expression collectively by exchanging diffusible signal molecules known as autoinducers.

239 argued that bacteria communicate using small diffusible signal molecules to coordinate, among other t

240 ssion in many bacterial species, mediated by diffusible signal molecules.

241 rocess coordinated by the mutual exchange of diffusible signal molecules.

242 e actions of one or more chemically distinct diffusible signal molecules.

243 generating the targeted spatial gradients of diffusible signal molecules.

244 so that only cells that sense light and the diffusible signal produce a positive output.

245 Thus, a diffusible signal that acts independent of local circuit

246 Our results reveal oxygen as a diffusible signal that is involved in the control of ste

247 uced either by a concentration gradient of a diffusible signal, or by spontaneous symmetry breaking c

248 thogenic bacterium, mediated by a fatty acid Diffusible Signaling Factor (DSF), is required to coloni

249 The diffusible signaling factor (DSF)-based quorum sensing (

250 e neuroepithelium that function by releasing diffusible signaling factors.

251 relays, in which the presence of one type of diffusible signaling molecule triggers participation in

252 During embryonic development, diffusible signaling molecules called morphogens are tho

253 ces coelicolor population through the use of diffusible signaling molecules of the gamma-butyrolacton

254 Embryonic organizers establish gradients of diffusible signaling molecules to pattern the surroundin

255 stimulated by the secretion by fibroblast of diffusible signaling molecules, such as prostaglandin E2

256 nants that provide cell surface receptors or diffusible signalling chemicals to identify proximal cel

257 nd sense a fatty acid signal molecule called diffusible signalling factor (DSF, 2(Z)-11-methyldodecen

258 itecture in which both positive and negative diffusible signals act on stem and/or progenitor cells l

259 gh precise control in both space and time of diffusible signals and binding interactions.

260 Endothelial and pericyte diffusible signals from both regions differentially prom

261 l interactions involves plant recognition of diffusible signals from the fungus, including lipochitoo

262 e of inhibition by developmentally regulated diffusible signals from the retina.

263 mutual recognition involving the release of diffusible signals into the rhizosphere.

264 ory suggested that cAMP and other field-wide diffusible signals mediate tissue integration and termin

265 ion-diffusion system posits that interacting diffusible signals produced by static cells first define

266 g quorum sensing (QS), whereby cells secrete diffusible signals that generate phenotypic responses as

267 Our study identifies extracellular diffusible signals that modulate the Hippo pathway and a

268 The capability of diffusible signals to induce the formation of a fluid-fi

269 nsport phenomena and spatial distribution of diffusible signals, and we highlight the unmet need for

270 s well as regulation by internally generated diffusible signals.

271 Diffusible small molecule microbial hormones drastically

272 uman gut microbiota are suspected to produce diffusible small molecules that modulate host signaling

273 The other strain produces diffusible small molecules: pyrrolnitrin, a known antifu

274 ccurs within an intracellular phagosome, but diffusible species can react with the neutrophil and sur

275 ive intermediates produced in RNA exposed to diffusible species such as hydroxyl radical.

276 e a diffusible Mad2-Cdc20 intermediate and a diffusible step in which that intermediate amplifies pro

277 Therefore, a diffusible strained form of NAD+ intermediate was propos

278 ch communication through pheromones or other diffusible substances points to a nonindividual autonomo

279 Cells in these colonies produced diffusible substances that markedly inhibited in vitro a

280 he sheath, the elastic properties that allow diffusible substrates to penetrate through expandable ho

281 even without the presence of freely membrane-diffusible substrates.

282 s and locally reinserts them to maintain the diffusible surface pool.

283 ptogenetics applications remain limited with diffusible targets as the response of the actuator is di

284 We have discovered that the diffusible TGFss-related factor Radar (Gdf6a) is necessa

285 ed to the mitotic spindle compartment or are diffusible throughout the cytoplasm.

286 not require contact between bacteria but are diffusible toxins released into the environment.

287 stent with the hypothesis that ATP acts as a diffusible trigger of calcium release waves, local eject

288 ites of fenestration allowing for passage of diffusible vasoactive substances and interface of endoth

289 attern of site-specific phosphorylation than diffusible VEGF.

290 ance between the binding sites and the total diffusible volume (i.e., height of the experimental rese

291 ty has not yet become uniform throughout the diffusible volume, the cumulative number of rebindings e

292 mus and inducing the synthesis of the freely diffusible volume-based transmitter NO, through the acti

293 totic checkpoint complex (MCC), which is the diffusible wait anaphase signal [9, 11, 12].

294 e components, catalyzing the generation of a diffusible "wait" signal that delays anaphase and gives

295 Thus, we propose that the diffusible 'wait anaphase' signal could be the MCC itsel

296 through unattached kinetochores generating a diffusible 'wait anaphase' signal that inhibits the APC/

297 ll differences in the availability of freely diffusible water between inside and outside the cell gre

298 We show adhesion molecules are freely diffusible within the axon membrane and accumulate at fo

299 ociated with an aggregate rather than freely diffusible within the dense-body granule.

300 ating the sensitivity of specific neurons to diffusible Wnt ligands and thereby defines distinct patt