ライフサイエンスコーパス: drusen

1 usen (RPD) vs those with drusen without RPD (drusen).

2 hout intermediate age-related changes (large drusen).

3 ivity and no depolarizing contents (55.3% of drusen).

4 ta-peptide (Abeta) accumulates in subretinal drusen.

5 ents was seen frequently in larger cuticular drusen.

6 upplementary modality to detect even smaller drusen.

7 ntermediate drusen, and 96 (30.0%) had large drusen.

8 acterized by extracellular deposits known as drusen.

9 the histologic characteristics of cuticular drusen.

10 tions are more comparable with those of soft drusen.

11 usion" (PCAN) in eyes with RPD vs those with drusen.

12 nset bilateral advanced AMD and extramacular drusen.

13 reflective cores, conical debris, and split drusen.

14 to focal pigmentary abnormalities and large drusen.

15 contained lipid, yet was distinct from oily drusen.

16 % CI, 0.4-1.1) and the development of medium drusen.

17 or the decreased signal intensity underlying drusen.

18 ve eyes of 3 patients showed only SDD and no drusen.

19 iated nominally with decreased risk of large drusen.

20 risk of progression to late AMD and to large drusen.

21 affected participants demonstrated bilateral drusen.

22 the strongest association with early AMD and drusen.

23 patients with IC were exudative AMD (1.5%), drusen (0.8%), nonexudative AMD (0.3%), toxic maculopath

24 467) with high AUC in the detection of large drusen (0.94), pigmentary abnormalities (0.93), and late

25 P < .001) as well as in all subgroups (soft drusen, -17.1% [95% CI, -24.1% to -9.5%], P < .001; cuti

26 5% CI, -24.1% to -9.5%], P < .001; cuticular drusen, -19.6% [95% CI, -30.3% to -7.2%], P = .003; and

27 etween (1) subretinal drusenoid deposits and drusen, (2) RPE cell bodies, and (3) the choriocapillari

28 25 /mum, 24.0% versus 1.9%), soft indistinct drusen (23.0% versus 2.1%), retinal pigment abnormalitie

29 had hypopigmentation, 249 (77.8%) had small drusen, 250 (78.1%) had intermediate drusen, and 96 (30.

30 In the soft drusen (28 [70%]) and cuticular drusen (8 [20%]) groups,

31 intracranial hypertension (62%), optic disc drusen (47%), anomalous optic discs (44%), isolated opti

32 of MA at year 2, 78% were preceded by thick drusen, 54% by subretinal macular neovascularization (MN

33 EDs (26%), subretinal hemorrhages (40%), and drusen (66%).

34 icantly greater PCAN compared with eyes with drusen (7.31% and 3.88%, respectively; P < .001).

35 In the soft drusen (28 [70%]) and cuticular drusen (8 [20%]) groups, qAF8 levels within the 95% PI w

36 It was frequently seen in the absence of drusen, a hallmark of AMD.

37 ded by early local photoreceptor changes and drusen accumulation, detectable 4 years before GA onset.

38 etinal specialists in the detection of large drusen (accuracy 0.742 vs. 0.696; kappa 0.601 vs. 0.517)

39 tinese (DHRD), and autosomal dominant radial drusen (ADRD), and demonstrate that dysfunction of RPE c

40 4-fold higher than that in eyes with medium drusen alone.

41 Regular drusen, an accumulation of material below the retinal pi

42 d type 3 neovascularization) associated with drusen and a thin choroid.

43 All machine learning models identified soft drusen and age as the most discriminating variables in c

44 d imaging biomarkers, respectively, based on drusen and AMD pigmentary abnormalities.

45 fect in which the presence of bilateral soft drusen and depigmentation of retinal pigment epithelium

46 t GRS, frequently associated with large soft drusen and foveal atrophy; subgroup 2 generally showed l

47 For AMD eyes with large drusen and no advanced disease, we built a novel risk as

48 illaris nonperfusion compared with eyes with drusen and no RPD.

49 e and severity of various characteristics of drusen and other lesions typical of age-related maculopa

50 the number of early AMD risk factors (large drusen and pigment abnormalities) in both eyes that can

51 Clinical examination of the 11 eyes revealed drusen and pigmentary abnormalities in the central macul

52 Macular OCT drusen and RAT volumes increased significantly in AMD ey

53 ltiple bilateral risk factors for CNV (large drusen and retinal pigment abnormalities) incurs $907 (9

54 Fundus photographs were graded for drusen and retinal pigment epithelium abnormalities and

55 on rate to late AMD in eyes with both medium drusen and retinal pigmentary abnormalities was 4-fold h

56 The natural course and prognosis of medium drusen and risk factors associated with the incidence an

57 gment retinal layers associated with regular drusen and RPD in spectral domain (SD) optical coherence

58 e that is within the subpixel accuracy range drusen and RPD, alongside the other 11 retinal layers, h

59 olutional neural network was used to segment drusen and RPD, as well as 11 retinal layers in SD-OCT v

60 Drusen and RPE changes were seen in the peripheral retin

61 standard for detecting different subtypes of drusen and SDDs.

62 tions were found between the diameter of the drusen and their distribution throughout the retina, sha

63 s from 142 participants with bilateral large drusen and without nGA nor late age-related macular dege

64 toring patients with CNV in one eye or large drusen and/or pigment abnormalities in both eyes.

65 e RPEDC abnormal thickening (henceforth, OCT drusen) and RPEDC abnormal thinning (RAT) volumes were g

66 seen in eyes with atrophy (e.g., refractile drusen), and features conferring risk for atrophy develo

67 d small drusen, 250 (78.1%) had intermediate drusen, and 96 (30.0%) had large drusen.

68 n the choriocapillaris, Bruch's membrane and drusen, and can compete with FH/FHL-1 for C3b binding, p

69 t (P < 0.02) and large (>500 mum; P < 0.003) drusen, and drusen were more commonly visible on fundusc

70 lective foci, hyporeflective foci within the drusen, and subretinal drusenoid deposits from OCT B-sca

71 phy development (e.g., hyperreflective foci, drusen, and subretinal drusenoid deposits).

72 n were categorized as soft drusen, cuticular drusen, and/or reticular pseudodrusen (RPD).

73 ally showed low GRS, foveal atrophy, and few drusen (any type); and subgroup 3 showed a high ARMS2 an

74 ultrastructural characteristics of cuticular drusen appear more similar to those of hard drusen, thei

75 ttern dystrophy-like changes, and optic disc drusen are a consistent finding in seven studies.

76 Drusen are seen in a majority of eyes with AMD in both t

77 teral soft drusen (>125 mum in diameter with drusen area >/=196350 mum2) and depigmentation of retina

78 22109 and rs570618, were associated with the drusen area in the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy

79 ual acuity and of SNPs at the CFH locus with drusen area may provide new insights in pathophysiologic

80 Patients with an extensive drusen area, drusen with crystalline appearance, and dru

81 one, the development of MA in areas of thick drusen, areas with and without subretinal MNV lesion, an

82 ripheral lesions most commonly observed were drusen, atrophy, and changes to the retinal pigment epit

83 ilarities between human and nonhuman primate drusen based on clinical appearance and histopathology.

84 Drusen breakdown occurred during a follow-up of 39 month

85 ffected siblings with extensive extramacular drusen, carried essential splice site variant CFH 1:1966

86 Drusen characteristics in type 2 MNV were observed as fo

87 model-based on age and SD OCT segmentation, drusen characteristics, and retinal pathology-for progre

88 usen disappeared from view in 58.3% of eyes, drusen coalescence was seen in 70.8% of eyes, and new RP

89 this naturally occurring experiment in which drusen collapsed without evidence of disease progression

90 yers, such as the retinal pigment epithelium-drusen complex (RPEDC), were assessed by multimodal imag

91 x, RPE-drusen complex abnormal thinning, RPE-drusen complex abnormal thickening, and inner and outer

92 lex volume (r = 0.34, P < .001) and less RPE-drusen complex abnormal thinning volume (r = -0.31, P =

93 volume (r = -0.34, P = .005) and greater RPE-drusen complex abnormal thinning volume (r = 0.280, P =

94 7.0 vs 10.2 +/- 3.1 minutes, P = .004), RPE-drusen complex abnormal thinning volume was greater (P <

95 central GA, the factors (P < 0.001) were RPE drusen complex abnormal thinning volume, intraretinal fl

96 ent loss, RPE drusen complex volume, and RPE drusen complex abnormal thinning volume.

97 pigment epithelium (RPE)-drusen complex, RPE-drusen complex abnormal thinning, RPE-drusen complex abn

98 Because the RPE-drusen complex includes the interdigitation of outer seg

99 The RPE+drusen complex layer becomes thinner over time in fellow

100 o-bleach exposure, correlated with lower RPE-drusen complex volume (r = -0.34, P = .005) and greater

101 sensitivity was associated with greater RPE-drusen complex volume (r = 0.34, P < .001) and less RPE-

102 osits, photoreceptor outer segment loss, RPE drusen complex volume, and RPE drusen complex abnormal t

103 The RPE+drusen complex was significantly thicker in eyes with SD

104 By the final visit, the RPE+drusen complex was significantly thinner when compared w

105 volumes of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-drusen complex, RPE-drusen complex abnormal thinning, RP

106 retinal pigment epithelium plus drusen (RPE+drusen) complex, and choroidal layers from each sector o

107 tural and compositional heterogeneity within drusen comprising lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins ha

108 ng the macular volume scans, 6224 individual drusen could be identified, including their position wit

109 RS was predominantly seen in patients with a drusen coverage <15%.

110 The GRS was strongly associated with the drusen coverage at baseline (P < 0.001) and both the GRS

111 at baseline (P < 0.001) and both the GRS and drusen coverage were associated with disease progression

112 RS was added as predictor in addition to the drusen coverage, R(2) increased from 0.46 to 0.56.

113 In patients with a larger drusen coverage, the GRS had less added value to predict

114 up analysis, drusen were categorized as soft drusen, cuticular drusen, and/or reticular pseudodrusen

115 characterized by accumulation of subretinal drusen deposits and complement-driven inflammation.

116 A major constituent of drusen deposits are Alzheimer disease-associated amyloid

117 ading at baseline as quantified by validated drusen detection software, to predict disease progressio

118 ator of the complement pathway in BrM, where drusen develop, is an important mechanism underpinning t

119 These results refine our understanding of drusen development, and provide insight into the absence

120 o show protective associations against large drusen development.

121 th more than 5 years of follow-up, cuticular drusen disappeared from view in 58.3% of eyes, drusen co

122 Drusen distribution in 23 fellow eyes was detected as fo

123 al imaging and the topography of a cuticular drusen distribution; age-dependent variations in cuticul

124 Eyes with drusen exhibited a slightly thicker RPE compared with co

125 A total of 30.5% of the drusen exhibited internal depolarizing material; 0.3% pr

126 re further analysis, and CC OCTA images from drusen eyes were compensated using a previously publishe

127 lthough serum exposure was not necessary for drusen formation, COL4 accumulation in ECM, and compleme

128 e effects that precipitate fibrotic changes, drusen formation, tractional retinal detachment and so o

129 iation of sub-RPE lipoproteinaceous deposit (drusen) formation and extracellular matrix (ECM) alterat

130 sen (>/=125 microm) from 9.8% to 32.4%, soft drusen from 27.6% (n = 567) to 58.6% (n = 123), and soft

131 567) to 58.6% (n = 123), and soft indistinct drusen from 3.7% (n = 76) to 15.2% (n = 32).

132 ) under drusen was tested in eyes with large drusen from age-related macular degeneration (AMD) befor

133 s: The prevalence of early and advanced AMD, drusen, geographic atrophy, and neovascular AMD were det

134 These findings may assist in clarifying how drusen give rise to visual loss, which is currently not

135 se of a composite endpoint that incorporates drusen growth, formation of GA, and formation of neovasc

136 l-defined yellow elevated mound of confluent drusen >=433 mum in diameter, and to evaluate progressio

137 followed: drusen < 63 mum in 2 eyes (7.4%), drusen >=63 mum in 10 eyes (37%), subretinal drusenoid d

138 followed: drusen < 63 mum in 2 eyes (8.7%), drusen >=63 mum in 9 eyes (39.1%), SDD in 5 eyes (21.7%)

139 s from 4.1% (n = 85) to 7.2% (n = 16), large drusen (>/=125 microm) from 9.8% to 32.4%, soft drusen f

140 s (AMD 0-4) and a separate category of large drusen (>/=125 mum).

141 n people 43 to 54 years of age: larger sized drusen (>125 /mum, 24.0% versus 1.9%), soft indistinct d

142 , which corresponds to having bilateral soft drusen (>125 mum in diameter with drusen area >/=196350

143 as focal pigmentary abnormalities and large drusen (>125 mum) were associated with a higher prevalen

144 were older compared with patients with large drusen (>125 mum; 76+/-4 vs. 68+/-9 years; P < 0.001).

145 ty compared with participants with no or few drusen (hazard ratio [HR], 1.56; 95% confidence interval

146 to detect and define phenotypic patterns of drusen heterogeneity in the form of optical coherence to

147 .052) followed by the presence of refractile drusen (HR, 4.82; 95% CI, 1.33-17.44; P = 0.0164).

148 ctors (based on the presence of intermediate drusen, hyperpigmentation in one or both eyes, and Age-R

149 en, reticular pseudodrusen (RPD), refractile drusen, hyperpigmentation, location of atrophy (foveal v

150 Peripheral retinal lesions: drusen, hypopigmentary/hyperpigmentary changes, reticula

151 es (39.1%), SDD in 5 eyes (21.7%), cuticular drusen in 1 eye (4.3%) and no drusen were evident in 9 e

152 deposits (SDD) in 8 eyes (29.6%), cuticular drusen in 2 eye (7.4%) and no drusen were evident in 10

153 igment epithelium in 1 (8%) and 4 (24%); and drusen in 9 (71%) and 12 (75%).

154 mpromise in RPD compared with other forms of drusen in AMD.

155 rticipants), the HR for progression to large drusen in aMedi tertile 3 versus 1 was 0.79 (0.68-0.93,

156 CT-determined morphologic characteristics of drusen in eyes with or without visual field (VF) defects

157 Appearance of cuticular drusen in multimodal imaging and the topography of a cut

158 The presence of drusen in the extramacular regions (extramacular drusen

159 cipants with bilateral large drusen or large drusen in the study eye and late AMD in the fellow eye w

160 features such as neurosensory retina (NSR), drusen, intraretinal fluid (IRF), subretinal fluid (SRF)

161 In the context of drusen, iRORA is defined on OCT as (1) a region of signa

162 Early-onset macular drusen is an underrecognized, phenotypically severe subt

163 ditional longitudinal follow-up of eyes with drusen is needed to determine if en face OCT imaging can

164 To determine the prevalence of drusen-like deposits (DLDs) and choroidal changes in pat

165 or Abeta42 resulted in dramatic induction of drusen-like deposits by 2 months' post-injection.

166 way control and is generally associated with drusen-like deposits in Bruch's membrane, as well as cho

167 e alteration, it impacted the composition of drusen-like deposits in patient hiPSC-RPE cultures.

168 Drusen-like deposits in patients with SLE were independe

169 Drusen-like deposits in the absence of glomerulonephriti

170 Interestingly, formation of drusen-like deposits was dependent on activation of mTOR

171 Drusen-like deposits were detected in 40% of SLE subject

172 These drusen-like deposits were immunopositive for Abeta and c

173 Drusen-like deposits were located in the nasal, temporal

174 changes reminiscent of AMD type pathology - drusen-like deposits, severe reduction in ERG responses,

175 of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) caused early drusen-like pathologies, as well as advanced AMD-like pa

176 ant and displayed a lipid- and protein-rich "drusen-like" composition.

177 ics in type 2 MNV were observed as followed: drusen < 63 mum in 2 eyes (7.4%), drusen >=63 mum in 10

178 in 23 fellow eyes was detected as followed: drusen < 63 mum in 2 eyes (8.7%), drusen >=63 mum in 9 e

179 The incidence and progression of medium drusen (maximum diameter, 63 to <125 microm) were assess

180 Together, the drusen model(s) of MDs described here provide fundamenta

181 phy algorithms capable of reliably measuring drusen morphology offer the best opportunity to study th

182 retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, drusen morphology, size, extent, visibility on funduscop

183 nor eyes with cuticular drusen (n = 2), soft drusen (n = 1), and hard drusen (n = 1).

184 rusen (n = 2), soft drusen (n = 1), and hard drusen (n = 1).

185 %]), epiretinal membrane (n = 2 [1.9%]), and drusen (n = 2 [1.9%]).

186 notype and 4 human donor eyes with cuticular drusen (n = 2), soft drusen (n = 1), and hard drusen (n

187 Associated features included overlying drusen (n = 9; 53%), retinal pigment epithelial alterati

188 rea, drusen with crystalline appearance, and drusen nasal to the optic disc are more likely to have a

189 ical, time-dependent, exposure to PPS and to drusen, nonexudative age-related macular degeneration (A

190 ations between PPS exposure and diagnosis of drusen, nonexudative AMD, exudative AMD, toxic maculopat

191 ith PPE owing to suspected buried optic disc drusen (ODD), and 3 children (6 eyes) with PPE owing to

192 Optic disc drusen (ODD), present in 2% of the general population, h

193 ars of age), and 21 children with optic disc drusen (ODD).

194 he predominant drusen type was peripapillary drusen, of variable size.

195 racteristics, such as early onset, cuticular drusen on fluorescein angiography, and family history of

196 vestigate the prevalence of optic nerve head drusen (ONHD) in clinically normal subjects using enhanc

197 yndrome (DGS), cataract and optic nerve head drusen (ONHD).

198 sensitive tool to diagnose optic nerve head drusen (ONHD).

199 n = 4203), participants with bilateral large drusen or large drusen in the study eye and late AMD in

200 participants (n = 4203) with bilateral large drusen or late AMD in 1 eye were assigned randomly to lu

201 ular degeneration (AMD) with bilateral large drusen or noncentral GA and at least 1 eye without advan

202 Patients with either drusen or RPD in early AMD underwent OCTA imaging of the

203 Patients with drusen or SDD were significantly younger (mean 70.88 +/-

204 34; 95% CI, 1.04-1.73; P = 0.023), calcified drusen (OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.04-1.72; P = 0.025), higher

205 0.023), the complement pathway and calcified drusen (OR, 3.75; 95% CI, 1.79-7.86; P < 0.001), and the

206 ly associated with the presence of calcified drusen (P = 5.38 x 10(-6)).

207 nal visual acuity in eyes with the cuticular drusen phenotype (both P < 0.015).

208 eyes of 120 clinic patients with a cuticular drusen phenotype and 4 human donor eyes with cuticular d

209 Cuticular drusen phenotype may confer a unique risk for the develo

210 al imaging data of patients with a cuticular drusen phenotype.

211 ltimodal imaging, we identified two distinct drusen phenotypes - 1) soft drusen that are larger and a

212 efine the range and life cycles of cuticular drusen phenotypes using multimodal imaging and to review

213 ution; age-dependent variations in cuticular drusen phenotypes, including the occurrence of retinal p

214 Eyes also were graded for AMD features (drusen, pigmentary changes, late AMD) to generate person

215 rity groups based on fundus characteristics (drusen, pigmentary changes, late AMD, and subretinal dru

216 ted disease-related phenotypes by inhibiting drusen proteins and inflammatory and complement factors

217 analysis in patients with AMD with reticular drusen (RDR) have focused on photopic sensitivity testin

218 hiPSC-derived RPE cells produce several AMD/drusen-related proteins, and those from the AMD donors s

219 sizes (MFDSs) were measured before and after drusen resolution.

220 ences in any of the CC parameters within the drusen resolved regions once the compensation strategy w

221 After the drusen resolved, the average follow-up time without evid

222 rategy was applied both before and after the drusen resolved.

223 The drusen-resolved regions were manually outlined.

224 ures on color fundus photography: large soft drusen, reticular pseudodrusen (RPD), refractile drusen,

225 tinal detachment, orange lipofuscin pigment, drusen, retinal pigment epithelial fibrosis, retinal pig

226 The relationships of retinal drusen, retinal pigmentary abnormalities, and macular de

227 ce or absence of hard, crystalline, and soft drusen; retinal pigment epithelial changes; choroidal ne

228 er segments, retinal pigment epithelium plus drusen (RPE+drusen) complex, and choroidal layers from e

229 Drusen score covariates were associated with the R1210C

230 en in the extramacular regions (extramacular drusen score), pigmentary abnormalities, and disease sta

231 obtained from normal eyes and from eyes with drusen secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AM

232 normal eyes from 6 subjects and 6 eyes with drusen secondary to age-related macular degeneration fro

233 normal eyes and 6 eyes from 6 subjects with drusen secondary to AMD were scanned.

234 lost significance when considering eyes with drusen separately (r = 0.175, P = .45).

235 luding early AMD features of RPD and regular drusen separately on SD-OCT images.

236 Drusen size and drusen type as classified by OCT morphol

237 first detecting individual AMD risk factors (drusen size, pigmentary abnormalities) for each eye and

238 rally for early and late AMD on the basis of drusen size, type and area, increased retinal pigment, r

239 Both were associated with drusen size.

240 ular degeneration (AMD) before and after the drusen spontaneously resolved without evidence of diseas

241 e underlying the progression, from the early drusen stage to the advanced macular degeneration stage

242 linics of the international ODDS (Optic Disc Drusen Studies) Consortium between April 1, 2017, and Ma

243 her anatomic heralds such as RPE changes and drusen substructure emergence detectable 1 to 2 years be

244 m of optical coherence tomography-reflective drusen substructures (ODS) and examine their association

245 and P = 0.045, respectively), OCT-reflective drusen substructures (P = 0.004 and P = 0.03, respective

246 Optical coherence tomography-reflective drusen substructures are optical coherence tomography-ba

247 me, hyperreflective foci, and OCT-reflective drusen substructures independently predict geographic at

248 Optical coherence tomography-reflective drusen substructures may be a clinical entity helpful in

249 Drusen subtypes, fibrosis, atrophy and subfoveal choroid

250 Two drusen suspicious for nGA at baseline were identified, b

251 n a family characterized by advanced AMD and drusen temporal to the macula.

252 ied two distinct drusen phenotypes - 1) soft drusen that are larger and appear as hyperreflective dep

253 eyes with undiagnosed AMD had AMD with large drusen that would have been treatable with nutritional s

254 In contrast to conventional drusen the lipid stain Oil Red O failed to stain RPD.

255 drusen appear more similar to those of hard drusen, their lifecycle and macular complications are mo

256 a weak trend (P = 0.1) between MDS and large drusen; those in the highest category of MDS had 20% red

257 n "evaluation" cohort of AMD eyes with large drusen to determine the predictive values for NE-MNV.

258 Drusen size and drusen type as classified by OCT morphologic characteris

259 The most common drusen type was a convex-shaped druse with homogeneous m

260 In group I, the predominant drusen type was peripapillary drusen, of variable size.

261 Atrophy location and drusen type were the most relevant phenotypic features.

262 Small cuticular drusen typically demonstrated a homogenous ultrastructur

263 for every 0.1-mm(3) increase in baseline OCT drusen volume (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.06-1.63; P = 0.013).

264 54, 33, and 25, respectively) showed greater drusen volume (P = 0.01, P = 0.003, and P = 0.003, respe

265 The use of drusen volume as a predictor of disease progression and

266 ine were associated with (1) greater macular drusen volume at baseline (P < 0.001), (2) development o

267 al acuity, microperimetric mean sensitivity, drusen volume in the study and non-study eyes, and parti

268 cuity, microperimetric mean sensitivity, and drusen volume in the study or non-study eyes, and Night

269 In AMD eyes, mean (standard deviation) OCT drusen volume increased from 0.08 mm(3) (0.16 mm(3)) to

270 Greater baseline OCT drusen volume was associated with 2-year progression to

271 e on SD OCT and color photographs, including drusen volume, geographic atrophy (GA), and preatrophic

272 oherence tomography (OCT) features including drusen volume, hyperreflective foci, and OCT-reflective

273 The average drusen volumes measured between visits were 0.23 and 0.0

274 , the 15-year cumulative incidence of medium drusen was 13.9% (n = 281).

275 alence of early AMD, advanced AMD, and large drusen was higher among Chinese Americans in CHES than a

276 Resolution of drusen was identified in 8 eyes from 8 patients.

277 riocapillaris (CC) flow deficits (FDs) under drusen was tested in eyes with large drusen from age-rel

278 er total area and central location of medium drusen were associated with a greater likelihood of the

279 Smaller drusen were better detected with retromode modalities DR

280 Overall, large drusen were better identified with confocal pseudocolor

281 For subgroup analysis, drusen were categorized as soft drusen, cuticular drusen

282 Drusen were detected in 97%, 78%, and 64% of eyes of cas

283 6%), cuticular drusen in 2 eye (7.4%) and no drusen were evident in 10 eyes (37%).

284 7%), cuticular drusen in 1 eye (4.3%) and no drusen were evident in 9 eyes (39.1%).

285 Consecutive eyes with large drusen were followed, and eyes that underwent spontaneou

286 21 eyes of 16 age-matched AMD patients with drusen were included.

287 Confluent, large, and autofluorescent drusen were more commonly found in patients with VF defe

288 and large (>500 mum; P < 0.003) drusen, and drusen were more commonly visible on funduscopy (P = 0.0

289 One or more drusen were present in the macular area of at least 1 ey

290 Drusen were topographically divided as small and medium

291 ules, white without pressure, and peripheral drusen, were identified by peripheral clinical examinati

292 ns, such as peripheral pseudodrusen and soft drusen, were present less frequently.

293 , but no other signs of AMD, specifically no drusen, were present.

294 s ultrastructural appearance similar to hard drusen, whereas fragmentation of the central and basal c

295 Higher HDL raised the odds of larger drusen, whereas higher triglycerides decreases the odds.

296 all segmented tissues, with the exception of drusen, which was greater in second-treated eyes.

297 Patients with an extensive drusen area, drusen with crystalline appearance, and drusen nasal to

298 exudative macular degeneration, any type of drusen with pigmentary abnormalities, or soft indistinct

299 eyes that underwent spontaneous collapse of drusen without evidence of disease progression were iden

300 pigmentary abnormalities, or soft indistinct drusen without pigmentary abnormalities.

301 h reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) vs those with drusen without RPD (drusen).