ライフサイエンスコーパス: echinoderm

1 ebrates) and Ambulacraria (hemichordates and echinoderms).

2 the entire evolutionary history of crinoids (echinoderms).

3 ne transgenic sea urchin and, indeed, of any echinoderm.

4 ng behaviour and pentaradial body plan of an echinoderm.

5 on embryonic development described in larval echinoderms.

6 in a mineralized structure is shared by all echinoderms.

7 mic information from sea urchins and related echinoderms.

8 tion in anthozoan cnidarians, ascidians, and echinoderms.

9 ast to hemichordates and indirect-developing echinoderms.

10 ecific at least to sea urchins if not to all echinoderms.

11 ould be traced back before the divergence of echinoderms.

12 a deuterostome related to hemichordates and echinoderms.

13 uding plants, fungi, nematodes, insects, and echinoderms.

14 ental style of sea urchins not seen in other echinoderms.

15 lopmental features of very distantly related echinoderms.

16 hly conserved regulator of skeletogenesis in echinoderms.

17 Dispersal did not increase for echinoderms.

18 web resource supporting genomic research on echinoderms.

19 factor that facilitates ACD diversity among echinoderms.

20 for the amazing regenerative capabilities of echinoderms.

21 (ASTC) but with both types being retained in echinoderms.

22 e are evolutionarily conserved also in basal echinoderms.

23 e forms micromeres unique to echinoids among echinoderms.

24 entacular systems of extant pterobranchs and echinoderms.

25 evolution of the derived adult body plan of echinoderms.

26 a conserved program of skeletogenesis among echinoderms.

27 f these subfamilies are conserved throughout echinoderms.

28 es also occur in a deuterostomian phylum-the echinoderms.

29 sNPF/PrRP-type receptors were identified in echinoderms.

30 using a global sample of Palaeozoic crinoid echinoderms.

31 ellular second messenger in both mammals and echinoderms.

32 ilateral to pentaradial body plans unique to echinoderms.

33 europeptides that act as muscle relaxants in echinoderms.

34 to it was not known if this applies to other echinoderms.

35 n mechanisms of mutable connective tissue in echinoderms.

36 ide and endocrine-type signalling systems in echinoderms.

37 s, as it is distinguishable in chordates and echinoderms.

38 th immunohistochemistry and studies of other echinoderms [10, 11].

39 gth, showing a high level of homology to the Echinoderm 77-kDa microtubule-associated protein (EMAP).

40 operating in embryos of a distantly related echinoderm, a starfish.

41 The discovery of ependymins in echinoderms, a group well known for their regenerative c

42 ut 670 million years ago, and chordates from echinoderms about 600 million years ago.

43 This taxon confirms that echinoderms acquired plating before pentaradial symmetry

44 The echinoderm adhesome (complement of adhesion-related gene

45 Further, other echinoderms' AGS or chimeric AGS that contain the C-term

46 le and supported by the development of a new echinoderm anatomical ontology, uniformly applied formal

47 tail flagellar tubulins and tektins from an echinoderm and a mollusc were studied systematically usi

48 The release of Ca(2+) at fertilization in echinoderm and ascidian eggs requires SH2 domain-mediate

49 of the KRAB motif prior to the divergence of echinoderm and chordate lineages.

50 has been examined experimentally in several echinoderm and hemichordate classes.

51 nalysis indicates that Y. biscarpa is a stem-echinoderm and not only is this species the oldest and m

52 ) This is the oldest bilaterally symmetrical echinoderm and the first with this body plan known from

53 ts associated ACD factors are present in all echinoderms and across most metazoans.

54 hemichordates, with larval phases similar to echinoderms and an adult body plan with an anteroposteri

55 gulator of skeletogenic specification across echinoderms and an example of a "terminal selector" gene

56 hile preserving the core ACD machinery among echinoderms and beyond during evolution.

57 ution is similar to other invertebrate taxa (echinoderms and bivalve molluscs) but not to vertebrates

58 , and mollusks) diverged from deuterostomes (echinoderms and chordates) about 670 million years ago,

59 , and arthropods) and "deuterostomes" (e.g., echinoderms and chordates) display fertilization-induced

60 arine invertebrates that share features with echinoderms and chordates.

61 leading from this ancestor to hemichordates, echinoderms and chordates.

62 scriptomes for 14 hemichordates as well as 8 echinoderms and complemented these with existing data fo

63 urula-type larva typical of other classes of echinoderms and considered to represent the ancestral ec

64 s a conserved regulator of skeletogenesis in echinoderms and evolutionary changes in Alx1 sequence an

65 First, echinoderms and hemichordates have similar feeding larva

66 stomes, the group composed of the chordates, echinoderms and hemichordates(1), is still controversial

67 ave been linked to the complex Ambulacraria (echinoderms and hemichordates) in a clade called the Xen

68 l and molecular data place the Ambulacraria (echinoderms and hemichordates) within the Deuterostomia

69 ngle crystal of calcite is characteristic of echinoderms and is always associated with radial symmetr

70 organisms as diverse as insects, nematodes, echinoderms and mammals.

71 Primary food resources for lithodids--echinoderms and mollusks--were abundant on the upper slo

72 could have been the most effective for these echinoderms and that increasing stem length might have s

73 antly different developmental roles in these echinoderms and that the targets and the binding motifs

74 Echinoderms and the polychaete Eunice norvegica occupy t

75 Micromeres are not present in other echinoderms and thus are considered as a derived feature

76 Among deuterostomes, only echinoderms and vertebrates produce extensive biomineral

77 r events in skeletogenesis appear similar in echinoderms and vertebrates, leaving open the possibilit

78 roteins that mediate biomineral formation in echinoderms and vertebrates, possibly reflecting loose c

79 omain in the common deuterostome ancestor of echinoderms and vertebrates.

80 y relationships between biomineralization in echinoderms and vertebrates.

81 hree other invertebrate taxa: hemichordates, echinoderms and Xenoturbella.

82 tterns in the embryos of fishes, amphibians, echinoderms, and ascidians, as well as the genetic and p

83 e a deuterostome phylum, the sister group to echinoderms, and closely related to chordates.

84 ession module in amphioxus, like the aGRN in echinoderms, and that its overactivation suppresses fore

85 aracteristics of fibrils from two classes of echinoderms, and to determine whether a single growth mo

86 dodermal cell layer of the gut in chordates, echinoderms, annelids and molluscs.

87 Echinoderms are among the most morphologically distincti

88 Echinoderms are among the most primitive deuterostomes a

89 Among the earliest deuterostomes, the echinoderms are an evolutionary important group of ancie

90 Because echinoderms are closely related to chordates and postdat

91 Echinoderms are considered particularly sensitive to oce

92 Because echinoderms are defined by morphological novelty, even t

93 Echinoderms are extremely scarce, while sponges and alga

94 Sea urchins and other echinoderms are important experimental models for studyi

95 r, the technologies for obtaining transgenic echinoderms are limited and tracking cells involved in r

96 from the perspective of ectoderm patterning, echinoderms are mostly head-like animals and provides a

97 ow that Alx1 proteins from distantly related echinoderms are not interchangeable, although the sequen

98 Echinoderms are positioned at the base of Deuterostomia

99 ation in marine organisms such as corals and echinoderms, as shown in many laboratory-based experimen

100 In echinoderm, ascidian, and vertebrate eggs, the Ca(2+) ri

101 tal stressors or water currents that enables echinoderm Asteroidea (sea stars) and Holothuroidea (sea

102 e, we describe a new bilaterally symmetrical echinoderm, Atlascystis acantha, from the Cambrian of Mo

103 evolutionary process by which the pentameral echinoderm body plan emerged from a bilateral ancestor.

104 racterize the radiation and establishment of echinoderm body plans during the early Paleozoic.

105 The presence of four markedly different echinoderm body plans in these earliest faunas indicates

106 he homologous signaling pathway described in echinoderms, both upstream and downstream of sAC, are ex

107 ly is this species the oldest and most basal echinoderm, but it also predates all known hemichordates

108 n to active mobile detritus feeding in early echinoderms (c.a. 500 Mya) required sophisticated locomo

109 Through comparisons with two Cambrian echinoderms, Cambraster and Stromatocystites, we show th

110 comparisons of chordates, hemichordates, and echinoderms can inform hypotheses for the evolution of t

111 ogy relationships within tunicates, and with echinoderms, cephalochordates and vertebrates.

112 While sea urchin muscle actins support an echinoderm-chordate sister relationship, sea star sequen

113 source descriptions for other members of the echinoderm clade which in total span 540 million years o

114 s specific to Ambulacraria (the hemichordate-echinoderm clade), two forming an inverted terminal pair

115 nown about these mechanisms in several other echinoderm classes, including the Ophiuroidea.

116 Of the five echinoderm classes, only the modern sea urchins (euechin

117 both cases, the appearance of well-preserved echinoderms coincides with a change in palaeogeographic

118 etric similarity, characteristic features of echinoderm collagen fibrils.

119 of bilaterians composed by hemichordates and echinoderms (collectively called Ambulacraria) and chord

120 processes of Early Ordovician trilobite and echinoderm communities from the Central Anti-Atlas (Moro

121 Echinoderms comprise a group of animals with impressive

122 the user interface to adapt to multispecies echinoderm content.

123 ite their key phylogenetic position as basal echinoderms, crinoids have been scarcely studied in deve

124 gastropod mollusc Marseniopsis mollis and an echinoderm Cucumaria georgiana.

125 w material for the study of the evolution of echinoderm development.

126 Echinoderms display a vast array of pigmentation and pat

127 The mutable collagenous tissue (MCT) of echinoderms (e.g., sea cucumbers and starfish) is a rema

128 ound in the mineralized skeletal elements of echinoderms (e.g., sea urchin spines), achieves simultan

129 tery, while fibronectin labeling and 4G7 (an echinoderm ECM component) are continuously present.

130 Upon echinoderm egg fertilization, cortical secretory vesicle

131 l transduction leading to calcium release in echinoderm eggs at fertilization requires phospholipase

132 Because Ca2+ release at fertilization in echinoderm eggs is initiated by SH2 domain-mediated acti

133 aka with that in other eggs, particularly in echinoderm eggs, suggests that such a propagated calcium

134 These results indicate that, in contrast to echinoderm eggs, the ER of mouse eggs does not become di

135 tion in initiating this signaling pathway in echinoderm eggs.

136 The hyaline layer of echinoderm embryos is an extraembryonic matrix that func

137 nsible for the stimulation of cytokinesis in Echinoderm embryos, it has been suggested that a signal

138 de (NiCl(2)), a potent ventralizing agent on echinoderm embryos, on the indirect developing enteropne

139 While supported by compelling data from Echinoderm embryos, recent observations suggest that the

140 escribe the behavior and function of Ect2 in echinoderm embryos, showing that Ect2 migrates from spin

141 le signals contribute to furrow induction in echinoderm embryos, they likely converge on the same sig

142 Embryos of the echinoderms, especially those of sea urchins and sea sta

143 igations that will reveal new information on echinoderm evo-devo neurobiology.

144 GRN has been modified (and conserved) during echinoderm evolution, and point to mechanisms associated

145 ence took place during the initial stages of echinoderm evolution.

146 Furthermore, because echinoderms exhibit diverse programs of skeletal develop

147 Among higher metazoans, echinoderms exhibit the most impressive capacity for reg

148 The former represents the oldest echinoderm fauna from Gondwana, approximately equivalent

149 Here we report the discovery of two new echinoderm faunas from the early part of the Cambrian of

150 the hemichordate phylum, which together with echinoderms form a sister group of the chordates.

151 Echinoderms form the focus of extraocular vision researc

152 interpreted in light of the well-understood echinoderm fossil record.

153 Echinoderm fossils that have retained their bulk origina

154 The origin of the pentaradial body plan of echinoderms from a bilateral ancestor is one of the most

155 Echinoderms from the Cambrian and from the Carboniferous

156 seawater Mg/Ca of approximately 3.3, whereas echinoderms from the Jurassic to the Cretaceous indicate

157 fferent dispersal abilities: coastal fishes, echinoderms, gastropod molluscs, brachyuran decapod crus

158 n Strongylocentrotus purpuratus is the first echinoderm genome to be sequenced.

159 he public database of information related to echinoderm genomics.

160 owever, do not support a cephalochordate and echinoderm grouping and we conclude that chordates are m

161 Neural development of echinoderms has always been difficult to interpret, as l

162 Photosensitivity in most echinoderms has been attributed to 'diffuse' dermal rece

163 r the last decades in echinoid (sea urchins) echinoderms has led to the characterization of gene regu

164 All adult echinoderms have a calcite-based endoskeleton, a synapom

165 As a result, echinoderms have contributed significantly to our unders

166 Echinoderms have either radial or bilateral symmetry, he

167 ch linked to a death domain, suggesting that echinoderms have evolved unique apoptotic signaling path

168 However, echinoderms have two SS/ASTC-type neuropeptides (SS1 and

169 The earliest fossil echinoderms have, until now, come almost exclusively fro

170 Sea cucumbers, like other echinoderms, have the ability to rapidly and reversibly

171 cation have been highly conserved within the echinoderm + hemichordate clade, nothing is known about

172 an deviations from it (ascidian, vertebrate, echinoderm/hemichordate).

173 rso-ventral patterning may be shared between echinoderms, hemichordates and a putative ambulacrarian

174 as an array of disparate forms that include echinoderms, hemichordates and more problematic groups s

175 acking in more early-diverged deuterostomes (echinoderms, hemichordates), it is uncertain whether the

176 The echinoderm Hox gene cluster is essentially similar to th

177 Echinoderm Hox genes of Paralog Groups (PG) 1 and 2 are

178 lthough larval cloning is well documented in echinoderms, identified stimuli for cloning are limited

179 colonial tube-dwelling pterobranchs) and the echinoderms (including starfish).

180 Echinoderms, including sea stars, have extensive ability

181 cal similarities with both enteropneusts and echinoderms, indicating that the enteropneust body plan

182 /or biomass of scavenging species (epifaunal echinoderms, infaunal crustaceans) by two to four-fold i

183 The major microtubule-associated protein in echinoderms is a 77-kDa, WD repeat protein, called EMAP.

184 Tbrain in these echinoderms is thus a perfect example of an orthologous

185 Evolution of echinoderm larvae has taken place over widely varying ti

186 cean acidification acts on pH homeostasis in echinoderm larvae.

187 ar and intracellular pH (pH(e) and pH(i)) in echinoderm larvae.

188 ms and considered to represent the ancestral echinoderm larval form.

189 living echinoderms to outline the origins of echinoderm larval forms, their diversity among living ec

190 n (Fortunian) of China with a characteristic echinoderm-like plated theca, a muscular stalk reminisce

191 n retained since the Cambrian Period in both echinoderm lineages.

192 hether the highly derived adult body plan of echinoderms masks underlying patterning similarities wit

193 Echinoderm mass mortality events shape marine ecosystems

194 the retention of both neuropeptide types in echinoderms may be a consequence of the evolution of a m

195 two groups, ancestors of the vertebrates and echinoderms may have utilized similar components of a sh

196 In this report, we show that the echinoderm microtubule (MT)-associated protein (EMAP) an

197 lled inducible cell models expressing either Echinoderm Microtubule Associated Protein Like 4 (EML4)-

198 Proteins of the echinoderm microtubule-associated protein (EMAP)-like (E

199 The human homologue of Echinoderm microtubule-associated protein defines a nove

200 Echinoderm microtubule-associated protein like 1 (EML1)

201 overed example is a fusion between the genes echinoderm microtubule-associated protein like 4 (EML4)

202 ogenic fusion proteins nucleophosmin-ALK and echinoderm microtubule-associated protein like 4-ALK, wh

203 Echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like (EML) is

204 en Y- and DeltaY-microtubules and found that echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 2 (EML2)

205 ized double stranded breaks (DSB) within the echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML4)

206 We show here that the echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML4)-

207 The echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML4)-

208 Echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML4)-

209 In the treatment of echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML4)-

210 Of the 67 primary NSCLCs, 17 were echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4-ALK tra

211 ing bromodomain-containing protein 4 and the echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4-anaplas

212 The echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4-anaplas

213 ion], CUTO32 (KIF5B-RET fusion), and CUTO42 (echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4-RET fus

214 m larval forms, their diversity among living echinoderms, molecular clocks and rates of larval evolut

215 chaeridians have been allied with barnacles, echinoderms, molluscs or annelids.

216 have been observed spectromicroscopically in echinoderms, mollusks, and cnidarians, phyla drawn from

217 elationship, sea star sequences suggest that echinoderm muscle actins are convergent with chordate mu

218 wever, is substantially older, detectable in echinoderms, nematodes, and cnidarians.

219 Here we report the expression domains in echinoderms of three important developmental regulatory

220 Furthermore, the phylogenetic position of echinoderms offers the opportunity to compare the comple

221 n other organisms, more than half have clear echinoderm orthologs.

222 lt skeletogenesis in the sea star, a distant echinoderm outgroup, that the regulatory apparatus respo

223 it variously as related to hemichordates and echinoderms owing to similarities of nerve net and epide

224 and sterols profiles of the widely consumed echinoderms Paracentrotus lividus Lamarck (sea urchin),

225 Research in echinoderms, particularly sea star and sea urchin embryo

226 current dataset is the largest assembled for echinoderm phylogeny and transcriptomics.

227 The echinoderm phylum consists of several model species that

228 New genomes from the diverse echinoderm phylum will be added and supported as data be

229 fically coopted for biomineralization in the echinoderm phylum.

230 that controls skeletogenesis throughout the echinoderm phylum.

231 ost enigmatic mobile groups of early stalked echinoderms-pleurocystitids.

232 to argue that the latest common ancestor of echinoderms plus hemichordates used a maximal indirect m

233 Echinoderms possess one of the most highly derived body

234 ural bulbs) provides the first comprehensive echinoderm protein database for neural tissue, including

235 both SS-type and ASTC-type neuropeptides in echinoderms provides a unique context to compare their p

236 d dollars, heart urchins, and other nonmodel echinoderms provides an ideal dataset with which to expl

237 ed in plankton, sediments and in nonasteroid echinoderms, providing a possible mechanism for viral sp

238 ence that the enteric nervous system of this echinoderm regenerates after evisceration and that in 3-

239 which calcite crystals become co-oriented in echinoderms remains enigmatic.

240 Echinoderms represent a broad phylum with many tractable

241 Echinoderms represent a researchable subset of a dynamic

242 However, since they are the only extant echinoderms retaining the ancestral body plan of the gro

243 tle star genome is the most rearranged among echinoderms sequenced so far, featuring a reorganized Ho

244 of a global sample of post-Paleozoic crinoid echinoderms shows that this group underwent a rapid dive

245 gene regulatory network (GRN) that underlies echinoderm skeletogenesis is a prominent model of GRN ar

246 tify kirrelL as a component of the ancestral echinoderm skeletogenic GRN.

247 As the high-magnesium calcite of the echinoderm skeleton is a biomineral form highly sensitiv

248 ays an integral role in the formation of the echinoderm skeleton.

249 olved with stereom formation in the earliest echinoderms some 520 million years ago.

250 relL cis-regulatory regions from seven other echinoderm species that together represent all classes w

251 Echinobase currently supports six echinoderm species, focused on those used for genomics,

252 netic RhoA activity zones are common to four echinoderm species, the vertebrate Xenopus laevis, and t

253 are entirely consistent with data from other echinoderm species.

254 DED and CARD adaptor domains) have undergone echinoderm-specific expansions.

255 s is an ancient pleisiomorphic aspect of the echinoderm-specific regulatory heritage.

256 sed RNA-Seq to profile adult tissues from 42 echinoderm specimens from 24 orders and 37 families.

257 in the most compact forms - for example, in echinoderm sperm and avian erythrocytes - could adopt a

258 ype signalling systems in a deuterostome-the echinoderm (starfish) Asterias rubens.

259 In contrast, the echinoderm Strongylocentrotus purpuratus contains a 588

260 nd target genes present in the genome of the echinoderm Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.

261 The echinoderms, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (sea urchin)

262 initial morphological diversification in the echinoderm subphylum Blastozoa was so pronounced that mo

263 ciated protein, EMAP, was identified only in echinoderms such as sea urchin, starfish and sand dollar

264 tes, hemichordates (such as acorn worms) and echinoderms (such as starfish) comprise the group Deuter

265 than congeneric species in other classes of echinoderms, suggesting that low extinction rates may be

266 semblies with similar ones from mollusks and echinoderms suggests plausible pH-dependent quaternary t

267 hen a sea urchin is used as a representative echinoderm than when a sea star is used.

268 ggestion that cephalochordates are closer to echinoderms than to vertebrates and urochordates, meanin

269 a repository of orthologous transcripts from echinoderms that is searchable via keywords and sequence

270 In hemichordates and many direct-developing echinoderms, the adult is built onto the larva, with the

271 Thus, as for other echinoderms, the phylum- and order-specific aspects of t

272 cer activity during embryogenesis of a model echinoderm: the sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratu

273 ry expression in the indirect development of echinoderms, their sister group, they reveal the evoluti

274 e apparent absence of V(D)J recombination in echinoderms, this finding strongly suggests that linked

275 ) show that the gene is expressed in several echinoderm tissues, including esophagus, mesenteries, go

276 findings emphasize the crucial importance of echinoderms to detect long-range expression conservation

277 n of AGS protein is key in the transition of echinoderms to micromere formation and the current devel

278 lution of the diverse larval forms of living echinoderms to outline the origins of echinoderm larval

279 atomy and life habits of Cambrian-Ordovician echinoderms to test which facet better facilitates futur

280 karyotes from unicellular organisms, through echinoderms to vertebrates, use the actomyosin network d

281 y Cambrian forms are still characteristic of echinoderms today.

282 rise to the pentaradial structure of extant echinoderms, transforming our understanding of the origi

283 One of our goals for the echinoderm tree of life project is to identify orthologs

284 horan lobopodia, ascidian ampullae, and even echinoderm tube feet.

285 In contrast, indirect-developing echinoderms undergo radical metamorphosis where adult ax

286 Sperm from mammals and echinoderms utilize a highly conserved signaling mechani

287 ircuit is part of an ancestral GRN governing echinoderm vegetal pole mesoderm development.

288 erning system that was present in the common echinoderm/vertebrate ancestor.

289 commodating extensions of the characteristic echinoderm water vascular system-providing a clear point

290 l validations by transgenesis experiments in echinoderms, we propose that gastrulation is the stage o

291 s that have thus far only been identified in echinoderms were identified, including L- and F-type SAL

292 We show that these Paleozoic echinoderms were likely able to move over the sea bottom

293 n (OM) is initiated in lower vertebrates and echinoderms when maturation-inducing substances (MIS) bi

294 to have evolved very early in the history of echinoderms, whereas others probably evolved during the

295 ailable regarding the N-glycomic capacity of echinoderms, which are otherwise known to produce a dive

296 and genomics of chordates, hemichordates and echinoderms, which together make up the deuterostome cla

297 athway is essential for biomineralization in echinoderms, while in many other phyla, across metazoans

298 Brittle stars are a species-rich class of echinoderms with outstanding regenerative abilities, but

299 a representative of the sister group to the echinoderms within the deuterostomes.

300 fication, we studied myosin II activation in echinoderm zygotes by assessing serine19-phosphorylated