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1 fecting the quality and/or quantity of tooth enamel.
2 ons that result in defective or absent tooth enamel.
3 eroendocrine cells, pineal gland, and dental enamel.
4 iety signaling, and the maturation of dental enamel.
5 portion of octacalcium phosphate, unlike WT enamel.
6 ral Wendat bone and tooth collagen and tooth enamel.
7 nsformed into apatite-like crystals in older enamel.
8 and endlessly generate ameloblasts, and thus enamel.
9 riation in amelogenins can lead to malformed enamel.
10 ing much less severely affected than coronal enamel.
11 rized by the demineralization of the tooth's enamel.
12 the prevention and restoration of defective enamel.
13 can be utilized toward future generation of enamel.
14 terozygous mice secreted structurally normal enamel.
15 produces lactic acid to degrade the tooth's enamel.
16 imetic approach to the regeneration of human enamel.
17 at were more consistent with wear types than enamel.
18 matrix and formation of properly structured enamel.
19 cts and reduced fracture toughness of dental enamel.
20 sses may affect the mechanical resilience of enamel.
21 indicate minimal impact of diagenesis on the enamel.
22 ormation occurred significantly faster in KI enamel.
23 usively showed that BPA facilitated in vitro enamel adhesion without detrimental effects of the aggre
26 eral crystals were observed in secretory HET enamel, although to a lesser extent than that seen in KO
27 due to the highly hierarchical structure of enamel and additional complexities arising from chemical
30 lization, gap progress could be seen on both enamel and dentin even after irradiation; furthermore, t
35 ly destructive surface acid etching of tooth enamel and subsequent identification of sex chromosome-l
36 ology, the shape of the junction between the enamel and the dentine within a tooth, captures importan
37 pound occlusal surfaces, thick and prismatic enamel, and a novel enamel-to-bone tooth attachment.
39 el rods, the hallmark component of mammalian enamel, and, unlike WT enamel, appears to be composed of
40 secreted enamel was abnormal, with cervical enamel appearing much less severely affected than corona
41 omponent of mammalian enamel, and, unlike WT enamel, appears to be composed of less organized arrays
42 itions are recorded in human deciduous tooth enamel as marked variations in Ca isotope ratios (delta(
43 e, and their incorporation in forming dental enamel at low concentrations promotes mineralization.
44 sis) and the functional properties of mature enamel, attempts to repair lesions in this material or t
45 In addition, these mice also had increased enamel attrition, accompanied by excessive deposition of
46 se that the protein variants cause malformed enamel because they bind excessively to HAP and disrupt
47 and stable carbon isotope analysis of human enamel bioapatite, from 137 well-dated ancient Mongolian
48 ablished, and by comparing caries lesions on enamel blocks cocultured with biofilms treated with sucr
49 ledonous plants - cause very minor damage to enamel but are themselves heavily abraded (worn) in the
53 racteristic curve (AUC) for the diagnosis of enamel caries and dentin caries were calculated to quant
54 Functional impairment and loss of dental enamel, caused by developmental defects or tooth decay (
59 important role of ORAI1 in Ca(2+) influx in enamel cells and establish a link between SOCE, mitochon
60 analyzed the effects of fluoride exposure in enamel cells to assess its impact on Ca(2+) signaling.
66 which are the fundamental building blocks of enamel, comprise two nanometric layers enriched in magne
70 f this study was to nondestructively analyze enamel crack behavior on different areas of teeth using
72 each arch ( n = 80 teeth) were inspected for enamel crack patterns on functional, contact and nonfunc
73 a role in the biomineralization of the thick enamel crowns that characterize the large molars in Giga
74 s in regulating ACP-phase transformation and enamel crystal growth, and in maintaining ameloblast int
78 hat MMP-20 prevents protein occlusion inside enamel crystals, we hypothesized that addition of MMP-20
80 However, it is frequently associated with enamel damage that include chipping, demineralisation, a
82 Furthermore, the BPA etchant caused lower enamel decalcification with extensive calcium-phosphate
85 ed deletion of the Orai1 gene in mice showed enamel defects and reduced SOCE in isolated enamel cells
86 le of ORAI proteins in enamel, we identified enamel defects in a patient with an ORAI1 null mutation.
87 uses dental fluorosis, visually recognizable enamel defects that can increase the risk of caries.
88 tion to the characteristic hypocalcification enamel defects, which have never been well documented.
91 (WD) in terrestrial environments using tooth enamel delta(18)O values, and use this approach to addre
93 for clinical performance are unable to limit enamel demineralisation, adhesive remnants and damage ca
95 ELY (amelogenin isoform Y) is present in the enamel dental tissue of male individuals only, while AME
96 rogel extraction LC-MS/MS, peptides from the enamel, dentin, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, pul
97 For proximal lesions extending up to the enamel-dentin junction, 48% (95% CI, 40%-56%) of dentist
102 -lines to reconstruct tooth growth along the enamel/dentine and then cementum/dentine boundaries.
104 cluding hardness, are comparable to those of enamel despite the nanocomposites having a smaller hard-
105 itive odontopathogen that contributes to the enamel-destructive disease dental caries, lacks the capa
107 relieve ER stress or modulate the UPR during enamel development to ameliorate the clinical phenotype.
114 merous surface defects, whereas heterozygous enamel displayed highly variable mosaic structures with
116 haracterized by abnormal formation of dental enamel, either in isolation or as part of a syndrome.
117 that Lanzhousaurus had a rapid rate of tooth enamel elongation or amelogenesis at 0.24 mm/day with de
118 logenesis to proceed, the cells of the inner enamel epithelium (IEE) must first proliferate and then
119 AmeloD was uniquely expressed in the inner enamel epithelium (IEE), but its expression was suppress
120 anonical Wnt signaling activity in the inner enamel epithelium and the underlying mesenchyme at the e
121 Its capacity to protect against initial enamel erosion was also tested in vitro via changes in s
122 n of the three solutions against citric acid enamel erosion, enamel specimens were immersed in the co
126 Characteristic rod structures observed in WT enamel exhibited amorphous features in newly deposited e
127 local, given that the isotopic ratio of the enamel falls within the local range and is comparable wi
128 de has seen progress in our understanding of enamel formation (amelogenesis) and the functional prope
130 serve a critical physiologic function during enamel formation and suggested a neomorphic mutation mec
133 dental abnormalities, including hypomorphic enamel formation, has been reported in patients with EvC
134 our understanding of the natural process of enamel formation, templated crystal growth was achieved
139 chromosome-linked isoforms of amelogenin, an enamel-forming protein, by nanoflow liquid chromatograph
140 ene epoch(7-9), using the proteome of dental enamel from a Stephanorhinus tooth that is approximately
141 ted the evolution of (44)Ca/(42)Ca ratios in enamel from in utero development to first months of post
142 he diet-related delta(66)Zn values in fossil enamel from THM cave suggest an excellent long-term pres
143 er, maximum concentrations that leached from enameled glass fragments according to a standard test th
144 a sequential microsampling method along the enamel growth axis, we collected more than 150 enamel mi
145 we report the onset of weaning and rates of enamel growth using an unprecedented sample set of three
149 or omadacycline include tooth discoloration; enamel hypoplasia; inhibition of bone growth following u
150 exhibit acidemia, corneal edema, weak dental enamel, impacted colons, nutritional defects, and a gene
151 ich resemble, respectively, human dentin and enamel in hardness, stiffness, and strength and exhibit
153 ough to a lesser extent than that seen in KO enamel, indicating that the level of MMP20 expression ha
154 Here we performed ex vivo replication of enamel-inspired columnar nanocomposites by sequential gr
155 and the initiation of new cracks within the enamel (internal cracks) were observed as bright areas.
158 mum tissue hardness, most organic content in enamel is digested and removed at the maturation stage,
165 e outermost layer of the tooth crown, dental enamel is the most mineralized tissue in mammals, consis
169 %-28% 3D RSA bone loss apical to the cemento-enamel junction corresponded to a CRR of 1:1, relating t
173 t in the absence of phosphorylated AMELX, KI enamel lacks enamel rods, the hallmark component of mamm
174 o infiltrate through the entire depth of the enamel layer (~1 mm), which is significantly enhanced pe
175 rmation of these plate-like crystals, the KO enamel layer stopped growing in thickness, unlike WT and
178 pped growing in thickness, unlike WT and HET enamel layers that continued to grow at the same rate.
179 uped as caries free (CF), caries active with enamel lesions (CAE), and caries active with dentin cari
180 ful in arresting caries progression in inner enamel lesions (E2) and 64% in outer dentin lesions (D1)
184 gnificant production of organized dentin and enamel-like tissues was observed in dTB-recell and nTB i
189 olars revealed reductions in early expressed enamel matrix components (Odontogenic ameloblast-associa
190 rafts (ADMG) + CAF and SCTG + CAF or between enamel matrix derivative (EMD) + CAF and SCTG + CAF.
191 clinical trial was that local application of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) added to papilla reflecti
194 sidering xenogeneic collagen matrix (CM) and enamel matrix derivative (EMD) characteristics, it is su
195 ally, the use of collagen matrix (CM) and/or enamel matrix derivative (EMD) for the treatment of dehi
197 ith a xenogenous collagen matrix (CM) and/or enamel matrix derivative (EMD) in combination with a cor
198 nnective tissue graft (CTG) with and without enamel matrix derivative (EMD) in the treatment of multi
199 radiographic and patient-centered results of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) therapy in intrabony defe
201 modality as compared with the association of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) with ABG in the managemen
202 ogics in root coverage procedures, including enamel matrix derivative, platelet-derived growth factor
203 nin (AMELX) is the predominant extracellular enamel matrix protein and plays an essential role in ena
205 , we found that proteolysis of extracellular enamel matrix proteins by MMP20 is not required for the
206 ghly conserved AH motif is absent from other enamel matrix proteins, including amelogenin, enamelin,
208 amel growth axis, we collected more than 150 enamel microsamples from 51 deciduous teeth of 12 differ
209 ) in regulating the initial formation of the enamel mineral structure during the secretory stage of a
210 ors in ameloblasts and plays a major role in enamel mineralization and ameloblast differentiation.
211 proteinase-20 is a critical regulator of the enamel mineralization as only a recombinant analog of a
214 ere able to extract proteins from the dental enamel of both individuals (~1600 years old) and to conf
216 etals, the pervasive use of Pb and Cd in the enamels of consumer bottles is brought into question.
219 demonstrating caries penetrating into inner enamel or outer dentin were included in the analyses.
221 n, the early asymmetrical development of the enamel organ seems to be a plesiomorphic character for a
222 oss from nonrenal sites (such as the eye and enamel organ) and therefore require separate therapy.
223 ponent of pharyngeal teeth in zebrafish (the enamel organ) is derived from medial endoderm, as hither
226 self-assembly causes disorganization of the enamel organic matrix and yields enamel with disordered
228 ing the proteome of Early Pleistocene dental enamel overcomes the limitations of phylogenetic inferen
230 m natural saliva on tooth surfaces, acquired enamel pellicle (AEP), protects against erosive wear.
232 The functional properties of the acquired enamel pellicle will therefore be mostly dictated by the
233 rk has disclosed the critical role played by enamel peptides in sex classification of old skeletal re
234 Stim1 cKO mice showed a severely defected enamel phenotype, including reduced structural integrity
235 genin protein can lead to drastic changes in enamel phenotype, resulting in amelogenesis imperfecta,
238 umber anomalies, reduced tooth size, altered enamel prism patterning, and spontaneous age-induced per
239 ely cycling epithelial progenitors generates enamel-producing ameloblasts and adjacent layers of non-
245 The survival of an Early Pleistocene dental enamel proteome in the subtropics further expands the sc
246 and H. erectus fossils preserve evidence of enamel proteome phosphorylation and proteolytic digestio
249 s, and pave the way for future studies using enamel proteomes to investigate hominin biology across t
250 n, which has not been previously observed in enamel proteomes, had a role in the biomineralization of
251 phate (PPi) to control the onset and rate of enamel regeneration and the use of leucine-rich amelogen
252 em function and to facilitate the biomimetic enamel regrowth, matrix metalloproteinase-20 (MMP-20) wa
253 As the hardest tissue formed by vertebrates, enamel represents nature's engineering masterpiece with
255 required for the initial development of the enamel rod structure during the early secretory stage of
257 s' processes, consistent with the absence of enamel rods, and underwent progressive cell pathology th
258 nce of phosphorylated AMELX, KI enamel lacks enamel rods, the hallmark component of mammalian enamel,
259 ndicular or parallel to the direction of the enamel rods, were exposed to a PPi-stabilized supersatur
263 Higher enamel hardness decrease and higher enamel roughness were caused by the carbamide peroxide (
266 olutions against citric acid enamel erosion, enamel specimens were immersed in the corresponding solu
270 valuate the bleaching ability, the effect on enamel surface and cytotoxicity of novel tooth-whitening
271 ies have shown that many traits of the outer enamel surface evolve neutrally and can be used to infer
273 rounding seeds are thought to induce complex enamel surface textures characterized by heavy pitting,
275 ition was reversed by the presence of etched enamel surfaces and led to the formation of large, rando
276 lant tissues do not regularly create pits on enamel surfaces despite high forces clearly being associ
278 xperimental etchants resulted in unblemished enamel surfaces with zero or minimal adhesive residue an
281 Using enamel-dentine junction morphology, enamel thickness and comparative morphology, we show tha
283 tening gels were prepared and applied on the enamel three times per day once a week, for 4 weeks.
284 n assays we showed that both recombinant and enamel-tissue-based amelogenin nanoribbons are capable o
286 ginating from the dental-enamel junction and enamel tufts, crack deflections, and the initiation of n
289 The architecture of the initially secreted enamel was abnormal, with cervical enamel appearing much
291 urprisingly, initial mineral formation in KO enamel was found to proceed in the same manner as in the
292 ssues revealed that deposition of dentin and enamel was largely symmetrical at the mineralization sta
293 drogen peroxide through 1-mm discs of bovine enamel was measured at steady-state conditions, and the
295 nvestigation of the role of ORAI proteins in enamel, we identified enamel defects in a patient with a
296 r to, or higher than, those of natural tooth enamels-we achieve values that exceed the traditional ma
297 nism contributes to the unique resilience of enamel, which lasts a lifetime under extreme physical an
298 ibited amorphous features in newly deposited enamel, which subsequently transformed into apatite-like
299 at proteomic investigation of ancient dental enamel-which is the hardest tissue in vertebrates(11), a
300 tion of the enamel organic matrix and yields enamel with disordered hydroxyapatite crystallites.