ライフサイエンスコーパス: encapsidation

1 e viral genome into empty preformed capsids (encapsidation).

2 ficient to account for the difference in RNA encapsidation.

3 y impairing either deaminase activity or its encapsidation.

4 S4B CTD is crucial for efficient JFH1 genome encapsidation.

5 r the RNA undergoes extensive refolding upon encapsidation.

6 th viral RNA and play important roles in RNA encapsidation.

7 role in assisting capsid assembly and genome encapsidation.

8 efined role of Rep40-like proteins in genome encapsidation.

9 ked to translation of viral mRNAs and genome encapsidation.

10 count for all of the observed effects on RNA encapsidation.

11 ined obscure due to the inability to control encapsidation.

12 result in several different outcomes in RNA encapsidation.

13 ix unwinding may be an intrinsic step in RNA encapsidation.

14 ome length in electrostatically driven viral encapsidation.

15 sms of RNA-Gag recognition essential for RNA encapsidation.

16 ur translational and splicing functions over encapsidation.

17 one stem-loop is required for efficient RNA encapsidation.

18 production of procapsids that are capable of encapsidation.

19 vides an additional driving force for genome encapsidation.

20 tein/genomic RNA ratio leading to incomplete encapsidation.

21 kaging motor requires prohead RNA for genome encapsidation.

22 ng linker 2 region, was not required for the encapsidation.

23 e function beyond its structural role in RNA encapsidation.

24 in replication is at the stage of viral DNA encapsidation.

25 ng, suggesting that Pol binds to RNA for its encapsidation.

26 function in both genome replication and RNA encapsidation.

27 p7, causing zinc ejection and preventing RNA encapsidation.

28 ation, which in turn are required for genome encapsidation.

29 ion and positively affects HIV-2 genomic RNA encapsidation.

30 regulatory link between RNA replication and encapsidation.

31 (HIV-2) replication and affects genomic RNA encapsidation.

32 -terminal 210 aa are required for genome RNA encapsidation.

33 lication can be limited by the efficiency of encapsidation.

34 ssembly and packaging rely on the process of encapsidation.

35 wild-type genome are important for efficient encapsidation.

36 core protein translation and pregenomic RNA encapsidation.

37 210 aa are required for efficient genome RNA encapsidation.

38 duced only B capsids, indicating a defect in encapsidation.

39 is that HIV-1 RNA dimers are formed prior to encapsidation.

40 n the two processes of viral replication and encapsidation.

41 ents affect primarily AAV DNA replication or encapsidation.

42 ncoded proteins involved specifically in DNA encapsidation.

43 ain of the Ad genome that leads to viral DNA encapsidation.

44 ic carboxylate), nor could these sponsor DNA encapsidation.

45 (polypeptide VII) is dispensable for genome encapsidation.

46 th the L1 52/55-kDa and IVa2 proteins in DNA encapsidation.

47 s viral DNA synthesis but inhibits viral DNA encapsidation.

48 cle, including reverse transcription and RNA encapsidation.

49 that other viral interactions contribute to encapsidation.

50 e capsid subunit (C) are necessary for pgRNA encapsidation.

51 how other cis-acting sequences contribute to encapsidation.

52 A different region is required only for encapsidation.

53 us viral components that contribute to pgRNA encapsidation.

54 ing sequence and region II facilitates pgRNA encapsidation.

55 cursor capsid (or procapsid) to power genome encapsidation.

56 t competition exists between all RNAs during encapsidation.

57 d an essential amino acid involved in genome encapsidation.

58 important roles both in RNA replication and encapsidation.

59 sumed capsid-interacting site, important for encapsidation.

60 2C(ATPase), near N252, that are required for encapsidation.

61 the mechanisms of capsid assembly and genome encapsidation.

62 619 to 624 (region IX), was required for DNA encapsidation.

63 disulfide bonds is essential for initiating encapsidation.

64 in higher-order assemblies during viral DNA encapsidation.

65 ion on RNA-Gag interactions that lead to RNA encapsidation.

66 that results in the conical core and genome encapsidation.

67 the host-dependent differences in viral RNA encapsidation.

68 t is not directly involved in regulating RNA encapsidation.

69 he critical role played by this motif during encapsidation, a variant of CCMV RNA3 (C3) precisely lac

70 on at serine 170 is required for optimal RNA encapsidation and a full-length positive-strand DNA phen

71 p22/p18 affects RNA encapsidation and a mutant derivative defective for RNA

72 nase domain that contributed to preferential encapsidation and anti-HIV activity.

73 etermined also to contribute to preferential encapsidation and antiviral activity of A3F.

74 the ability of wild-type Vif to inhibit the encapsidation and antiviral activity of A3G.

75 Surprisingly, encapsidation and antiviral activity of APO3G C97A were

76 nderstanding of the mechanisms of A3F virion encapsidation and antiviral function and may lead to inn

77 ed to be atypically compact so as to aid its encapsidation and assist the viral assembly process.

78 al functions are known to rely on its virion encapsidation and be suppressed by HIV-1 Vif, which recr

79 s allow us to develop a new model for genome encapsidation and capsid assembly.

80 restriction activity, despite the efficient encapsidation and cytoplasmic body formation.

81 e OAS to nanoparticles directs RNA-dependent encapsidation and demonstrates that foreign cargo can be

82 Deamination is mediated by CDD1, whereas encapsidation and dimerization are mediated by CDD2.

83 DNA encapsidation and infectivity titers are redox dependent

84 he LTR in SIN lentivectors are competent for encapsidation and integration, we transduced a lentivira

85 oup are thought to be crucial for successful encapsidation and movement of the virus during infection

86 ased CP further participates in viral genome encapsidation and nucleocapsid core formation, followed

87 347-352), and N (320-324, (Ala)(5)) lost RNA encapsidation and oligomerization but still bound with P

88 o 34 were required in addition for efficient encapsidation and production of full-length antigenome.

89 This work gives insight into the RNA encapsidation and protection function of bunyavirus NP,

90 complex nature of virus assembly and genome encapsidation and provide a new model for how the viral

91 specialized portal vertex to control genome encapsidation and release from the viral capsid.

92 Hepatitis B virus (HBV) controls genome encapsidation and reverse transcription from a single-st

93 d the effects of the mutations separately on encapsidation and RNA synthesis.

94 oprotein, NP, which also is important in RNA encapsidation and synthesis.

95 of copackaging RNA partners occurs prior to encapsidation and that HIV-2 Gag proteins primarily pack

96 rus capsid expansion is possible without RNA encapsidation and that picornavirus assembly may involve

97 ect replication have a concomitant impact on encapsidation and that RNA-1-mediated replication is req

98 ith human TRIM21 RING, ablated the efficient encapsidation and the late restriction, suggesting that

99 the protease appears to be required for DNA encapsidation and the subsequent maturation steps leadin

100 , suggesting a novel mechanism for viral RNA encapsidation and transcription.

101 capsidation but also identify a link between encapsidation and uncoating.

102 hered our knowledge of Picornavirales genome encapsidation and will assist further work in the develo

103 is essential for viral genome processing and encapsidation and, hence, can be targeted for designing

104 gomerization, nucleocapsid condensation, RNA encapsidation, and accessory protein recruitment.

105 ultimerization for catalytic activity, virus encapsidation, and antiviral activity.

106 itro analyses of gfp vector DNA replication, encapsidation, and cell transduction revealed a surprisi

107 so inhibit APOBEC3G mRNA translation, virion encapsidation, and deamination activity.

108 virus (HBV) capsid stability, assembly, RNA encapsidation, and DNA replication.

109 their helper viruses (HVs) for replication, encapsidation, and efficient spread.

110 r Gag translation is essential for viral RNA encapsidation, and Gag can package both wild-type and ga

111 contrast, IDR1 is required for stable sigma1 encapsidation, and IDR2 is required for a postuncoating

112 le, such as translation of the viral genome, encapsidation, and movement of the genome between cells.

113 ether RV +RNAs are assorted before or during encapsidation, and the functions of viral proteins durin

114 he mechanistic process of VEEV assembly, RNA encapsidation, and the roles of different capsid-specifi

115 nistic process of nucleocapsid assembly, RNA encapsidation, and the roles of different capsid-specifi

116 some degradation and interference with viral encapsidation are distinct functional properties of Vif.

117 packaging motor, and basic mechanism of DNA encapsidation are poorly understood.

118 ag and genomic RNA determinants required for encapsidation are well established, but where and when e

119 nctional capsid protein involved in not only encapsidation, as previously described, but also tegumen

120 icated that this mutant is also defective in encapsidation at 33 degrees C.

121 e mutant of 2C(ATPase) possessed a defect in encapsidation at 37 degrees C and subsequently in uncoat

122 its nucleocapsid (NC) domain and drives gRNA encapsidation at the plasma membrane (PM).

123 nthesis, gene segment assortment, and genome encapsidation, biochemical mechanisms of virion morphoge

124 a new site in 2C(ATPase) that is involved in encapsidation but also identify a link between encapsida

125 t electrostatics is a major component in RNA encapsidation but was unable to account for all of the o

126 that epsilon interacts with P to facilitate encapsidation, but it is not known how other cis-acting

127 minor capsid component that is required for encapsidation, but not cleavage, of replicated viral DNA

128 rd site permitted particle formation and RNA encapsidation, but the particles were not infectious.

129 Consistent with the promiscuous DNA encapsidation by BPV1 pseudovirions, this DNA binding oc

130 (CP), packaging specificity results from RNA encapsidation by CP that has been translated from mRNA p

131 o facilitate retrieval of the viral RNAs for encapsidation by newly synthesized capsid protein.

132 the virus life cycle and provide signals for encapsidation by nucleocapsid protein and the promoters

133 g an RNA genome direct its own packaging and encapsidation by proteins.

134 mosaic virus (CMV) showed that despite trans-encapsidation, CMV failed to complement the defective ce

135 induction is contingent on the expression of encapsidation-competent CP.

136 free N protein to maintain it in a soluble, encapsidation-competent form.

137 different materials, as long as it is within encapsidation constraint, is a critical factor to be con

138 e for the first time linked a cold-sensitive encapsidation defect in 2C(ATPase) (K259A) to a subseque

139 n 293L/Q129H cells restored the viral genome encapsidation defects.

140 tive packaging signals to drive specific RNA encapsidation during HCV assembly.

141 ns with native and mutant forms of the muPsi encapsidation element.

142 s-acting sequences on pgRNA are required for encapsidation: epsilon, which is near the 5' end of pgRN

143 e amount of minus-strand DNA synthesized per encapsidation event.

144 The unspliced RNA molecules are selected for encapsidation from a pool of many different viral and ce

145 be drawn: (i) the silencing suppression and encapsidation functions of p37 are both required for sys

146 described for any of the seven essential DNA encapsidation genes.

147 ckaging proteins of HSV, the role of UL32 in encapsidation has remained a mystery.

148 e minor capsid proteins, the role of UL32 in encapsidation has remained a mystery.

149 idation, or conversely, dimerization follows encapsidation, has not been firmly established.

150 embrane alterations, and RNA replication and encapsidation have previously been identified.

151 During DNA encapsidation, herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) procapsids

152 Mutagenesis experiments suggest that pgRNA encapsidation hinges on its strong electrostatic interac

153 virus was not sufficient for high levels of encapsidation, implying that other viral interactions co

154 ances genome replication by facilitating RNA encapsidation.IMPORTANCE All NNS RNA viruses, including

155 Gag binding on viral RNA during HIV-1 genome encapsidation.IMPORTANCE HIV-1 must package its RNA geno

156 enerally contribute to NA binding and genome encapsidation in deltaretroviruses.

157 he thermodynamic basis of the pregenomic RNA encapsidation in human Hepatitis B virus in vivo using a

158 Genomic RNA encapsidation in lentiviruses is a highly selective and

159 ike particles show that the mechanism of RNA encapsidation in negative-strand RNA viruses has many co

160 lucidate the linkage between replication and encapsidation in Picornavirales, we have taken advantage

161 of the CTD regulates capsid assembly and RNA encapsidation in the cell-free system in a manner simila

162 membrane conduit essential for viral genome encapsidation in the tailless icosahedral membrane-conta

163 Northern blot analysis of RNA encapsidation in vivo of two distinct bromovirus RNA3 ch

164 a structural RNA switch mechanism for genome encapsidation, in which protein binding sites are seques

165 e sites resulted in severe defects in genome encapsidation, indicating that unpaired guanosines act s

166 Upon reversal of encapsidation inhibition, UL103 had a striking impact on

167 cells in the presence or absence of the DNA encapsidation inhibitor 2-bromo-5,6-dichloro-1-(beta-d-r

168 n of SIV and the first demonstration of CypA encapsidation into a virus other than human immunodefici

169 teins Gag and Gag-Pol and as genomic RNA for encapsidation into assembling viral particles.

170 imers, multimerization was not essential for encapsidation into HIV-1 virions or antiviral activity.

171 by certain helper phages and their efficient encapsidation into phage-like infectious particles.

172 enzymatically inactive but required for mA3 encapsidation into retrovirus particles.

173 and for two deaminase-independent processes: encapsidation into viral particles and inhibition of rev

174 iviral functions are believed to rely on its encapsidation into virions in an RNA-dependent fashion.

175 finger contributes more to binding and APO3G encapsidation into virions than finger two.

176 the mode of Pol expression, regulation, and encapsidation into virions.

177 viral activity of APOBEC3G by inhibiting its encapsidation into virions.

178 Retroviral RNA encapsidation involves a recognition event between genom

179 Thus, genome encapsidation is a fundamental and essential step in the

180 Apparently, when Cap is provided "in trans," encapsidation is inefficient.

181 Thus, in the absence of CP, the CPm encapsidation is initiated from the 5' end of the genomi

182 A during virus assembly and efficient genome encapsidation is mediated by the viral protein Gag.

183 in aptamer-expressing cells, indicating that encapsidation is required.

184 Interestingly, Pol encapsidation is significantly reduced in some of the mu

185 ution of viral genomic DNA as a precursor to encapsidation, its exact involvement in host shutoff rem

186 enesis in living cells and indicate that the encapsidation machinery does not substantially help coor

187 Alternatively, NS4B's function in HCV genome encapsidation may entail more than its regulation of the

188 rs and raise the possibility that FIV genome encapsidation may initiate in the nucleus.

189 ribed in this study represents the first VZV encapsidation mutant reported to date.

190 The common characteristics of RNA encapsidation not only delineate the evolutionary relati

191 This process of encapsidation occurs concomitantly with genomic replicat

192 ion are well established, but where and when encapsidation occurs in the cell is unknown.

193 Therefore, we propose that HIV-1 RNA encapsidation occurs mainly in trans, and most gag mutan

194 el in which recognition of RNA1 and RNA2 for encapsidation occurs sequentially and in distinct cellul

195 sized APOBEC3G but indiscriminately inhibits encapsidation of "old" and "new" APOBEC3G.

196 Pus4 also prevented the encapsidation of a BMV RNA in plants and the reassembly

197 Encapsidation of A3F or A3G within the protease-matured

198 a lentiviral accessory protein that prevents encapsidation of A3G.

199 ve RNA1-contacting residues severely reduced encapsidation of BMV RNA1 without affecting the encapsid

200 apsid also exhibited defects in the specific encapsidation of BMV RNA4.

201 ctrostatics and additional restraints in the encapsidation of BMV RNAs, which could be applicable to

202 ype 1 (HIV-1) virions, and Vif inhibited the encapsidation of both forms of APOBEC3G into HIV particl

203 t RNA-1-mediated replication is required for encapsidation of both RNA-1 and RNA-2.

204 onspecific shedding of BST-2 and limited the encapsidation of BST-2 into virions.

205 The specificity of encapsidation of C-cluster enteroviruses depends on an i

206 the core of N (NCORE) prevents illegitimate encapsidation of cellular RNA, the interaction between t

207 oprotein (N), thereby preventing nonspecific encapsidation of cellular RNAs.

208 Although selective encapsidation of certain host RNAs was noted, no direct

209 In this work, we examine the in vivo encapsidation of Citrus tristeza virus by its CPm in the

210 The abilities of SIVagm Vif to inhibit encapsidation of CypA and to increase viral infectivity

211 Encapsidation of duplex DNA by bacteriophages represents

212 A series of cuts follow the encapsidation of each unit-length 'headful' genome, but

213 the HIV-2 genome that are important for the encapsidation of full-length RNA into viral particles.

214 tal data has suggested that dimerization and encapsidation of full-length viral RNAs are linked proce

215 e distinct from that which occurs during the encapsidation of genomic RNA.

216 secondary envelopment of viral capsids, the encapsidation of HCMV capsids by a lipid bilayer that oc

217 m zinc finger motifs and are responsible for encapsidation of HIV-1 genomic RNA.

218 c cell death were also not reduced by forced encapsidation of HIV-2 Vpx into HIV-1 virions.

219 Encapsidation of host restriction factor APOBEC3G (A3G)

220 is of their abundance within the cell, while encapsidation of host RNAs also occurs.

221 the role of epigenetic regulation during the encapsidation of late-stage minichromosomes into virions

222 changes in Vif reduce expression levels and encapsidation of marmoset APOBEC3G, while the changes in

223 Assembly of many RNA viruses entails the encapsidation of multiple genome segments into a single

224 nterovirus morphogenesis, which involves the encapsidation of newly made virion RNA, is a process sti

225 ave previously shown that the specificity of encapsidation of poliovirus and of C-cluster coxsackievi

226 esolution mechanisms that selectively direct encapsidation of predominantly negative-sense progeny ge

227 However, the CTD does contribute to encapsidation of pregenomic RNA (pgRNA).

228 No defect in encapsidation of replication products was detected, but

229 otides in quasi-helix 2 were critical to the encapsidation of RNA and the production of templates tha

230 apsidation of BMV RNA1 without affecting the encapsidation of RNA2.

231 her genome modifications designed to enhance encapsidation of the chimeric virus genome and to expres

232 Encapsidation of the Moloney murine leukemia virus (MMLV

233 translation did not interfere with efficient encapsidation of the mutant RNA.

234 cells and in the productive phase to mediate encapsidation of the newly replicated viral genome.

235 in of dengue virus is essential for specific encapsidation of the RNA genome, but little structural i

236 trimeric N and the panhandle is required for encapsidation of the three viral RNAs.

237 ms of L1 52/55kDa, a protein involved in the encapsidation of the viral DNA.

238 d formation, it is thought to participate in encapsidation of the viral genome and plays a number of

239 N(0)-P complex presumably mediates specific encapsidation of the viral genome RNA.

240 Viral protein expression, encapsidation of the viral genome, and the release of ma

241 by promoting transcription, replication, and encapsidation of the viral genome.

242 vertex which functions as a conduit for the encapsidation of the viral genome.

243 ssembly, the packaging sequence mediates the encapsidation of the viral genome.

244 psid vertex which functions as a conduit for encapsidation of the viral genome.

245 gnificantly impairs rescue, replication, and encapsidation of the viral genomes.

246 tacts among the N molecules are required for encapsidation of the viral RNA.

247 represents an important determinant for the encapsidation of this genome segment.

248 ion of a nonviral mRNA leads to the specific encapsidation of this RNA in MLV particles.

249 Efficient encapsidation of TRIM5alpharh, but not human TRIM5alpha

250 es in the nucleus of the infected cell, with encapsidation of viral DNA to form nucleocapsids, and co

251 5 protein is required at a late stage in the encapsidation of viral DNA.

252 rus particles normally entails the selective encapsidation of viral genomic RNA.

253 lication at distinct stages corresponding to encapsidation of viral pregenomic RNA, reverse transcrip

254 e capsid protein protomer monomeric prior to encapsidation of viral RNA.

255 Forced encapsidation of Vpx into HIV-1 virions also did not red

256 ging signal (Psi) bound by Gag during genome encapsidation or, unexpectedly, the Rev response element

257 h whether dimerization is a prerequisite for encapsidation, or conversely, dimerization follows encap

258 nfectious, neither had individual movement-, encapsidation-, or replication-associated genome regions

259 viruses uses a different mechanism of genome encapsidation, perhaps explored early in the evolution o

260 C terminus of 2C(ATPase) that is involved in encapsidation, possibly achieved through interaction wit

261 translation may be specifically selected for encapsidation, possibly explaining the limitation of two

262 utant STNV-1 RNAs expected to have different encapsidation potential based on in vitro studies.

263 Proteins involved in the herpesviral DNA encapsidation process have become promising antiviral ta

264 Proteins involved in the viral DNA encapsidation process have become promising antiviral ta

265 r directly or indirectly involved in the RNA encapsidation process.

266 that attracts other capsid subunits for the encapsidation process.

267 me may tether to the empty capsid during the encapsidation process.

268 viral IVa2 protein as a key component of the encapsidation process.

269 RNA molecules during the early steps of the encapsidation process.

270 these procapsids were unable to initiate the encapsidation process.

271 This close coupling between replication and encapsidation provides a means for the specific packagin

272 Encapsidation requires six minor capsid proteins (UL6, U

273 irus pregenomic RNA (pgRNA) into capsids, or encapsidation, requires several viral components.

274 f the NC complex with a 101-nucleotide 'core encapsidation' segment of the MoMuLV Psi site reveals a

275 lt, for MLV produced in Ro60 knockout cells, encapsidation selectivity from among all cell RNAs was e

276 lated region (5'-UTR) distinct from the core encapsidation sequence eliminated virion incorporation o

277 uence (pal) located at the 3' end of the psi encapsidation signal is critical for human immunodeficie

278 er sufficient to promote RNA packaging (core encapsidation signal, Psi(CES)).

279 e pairing in the lower stem of the pregenome encapsidation signal, which harbors the core gene initia

280 nd D) are not sufficient to form a core MMLV encapsidation signal.

281 ndently capable of directing packaging (core encapsidation signal; Psi(CES)).

282 Encapsidation specificity suggests that aptamers may enc

283 the selective advantages for viral yield and encapsidation specificity, predicted from previous model

284 (STNV-1) is a model system for in vitro RNA encapsidation studies (N.

285 g is required for efficient viral RNA (vRNA) encapsidation, suggesting that Gag:vRNA binding might oc

286 f RNA elements that promote dimerization and encapsidation suggests that these processes may be coupl

287 changes in viral gene expression, viral RNA encapsidation, the maturation of the virus particle, cel

288 ly proposed link between DNA replication and encapsidation, the total amount of AAV DNA replication c

289 To ensure efficient genome encapsidation, these motors regulate functional transiti

290 e subjected to replication, translation, and encapsidation, thus contributing to the synchronization

291 ial steps in the virus life cycle are genome encapsidation to form an infective virion and genome exi

292 During retroviral RNA encapsidation, two full-length genomic (g) RNAs are sele

293 detailed studies on capsid assembly and RNA encapsidation under physiological conditions and identif

294 ithin the core following virus entry, during encapsidation/virus assembly, or within the nucleus may

295 Another major source of variation in RNA encapsidation was due to the purification of BMV particl

296 ounted for solely by the 10-fold decrease in encapsidation, we conclude that L2 contributes to at lea

297 EG PV, we showed that genome replication and encapsidation were distinct steps in the multiplication

298 more, scaffolding protein processing and DNA encapsidation were inhibited by 99%, and viral growth wa

299 associates with nuclear capsids prior to DNA encapsidation, whereas both pp150 and pUL96 associate wi

300 HIV-1 replication assay suggests that Vif co-encapsidation with APOBEC3G can promote sublethal mutage