ライフサイエンスコーパス: enzootic

1 the Dominican Republic, where the disease is enzootic.

2 are considered either epidemic/epizootic or enzootic.

3 in southern New England where babesiosis is enzootic.

4 m a site in New England where the disease is enzootic.

5 e replacement for RIG where canine rabies is enzootic.

6 mals, including those from areas where FP is enzootic.

7 Ovine enzootic abortion (OEA) resulting from infection of shee

8 type of Chlamydia psittaci that causes ovine enzootic abortion (strain S26/3).

9 Chlamydia abortus is the causative agent of enzootic abortion of ewes and poses a significant zoonot

10 of West Nile virus in New York City in 1999, enzootic activity has been documented in 27 states and t

11 swine influenza viruses--emerged and became enzootic among pig herds in North America during the lat

12 In Africa, ND is enzootic and causes large economic losses, but little is

13 rotein, the site of epitopes that define the enzootic and epizootic subtypes, also encodes mosquito i

14 additional E2 sequences from representative enzootic and epizootic VEEV isolates implicated similar

15 erefore, we evaluated the binding of natural enzootic and epizootic VEEV isolates to Chinese hamster

16 itivities of the TC-83 vaccine strain and 24 enzootic and epizootic Venezuelan equine encephalitis (V

17 ure in Siskiyou County, Calif., where PHF is enzootic and were maintained for several weeks in freshw

18 SARS-CoV-2 lineages were introduced, became enzootic, and co-circulated in white-tailed deer.

19 Ancient enzootic associations between wildlife and their infecti

20 e presence of an underrecognized, but highly enzootic, Babesia sp. in baboons may result in substanti

21 ukemia virus (BLV) is the causative agent of enzootic bovine leucosis (EBL), which has been reported

22 Enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) is an economically import

23 rovirus of cattle and the causative agent of enzootic bovine leukosis.

24 0 and N8 viruses from domestic ducks and the enzootic chicken H9N2 viruses.

25 V adaptation to a main reservoir host during enzootic circulation.

26 Here, we determine whether WNV enzootic (Culex tarsalis, Cx. quinquefasciatus, and Cx.

27 equi and that dogs likely contribute to the enzootic cycle and human infection.

28 g system that regulates the tick side of the enzootic cycle and whose function is only beginning to b

29 rgdorferi regulatory pathways throughout the enzootic cycle as well as defining the contribution(s) o

30 reservoirs is crucial for continuance of the enzootic cycle as well as for the increasing exposure of

31 eri, has evolved to be maintained within its enzootic cycle between arthropods and mammals.

32 c agent of Lyme disease, is maintained in an enzootic cycle between Ixodes spinipalpis ticks and Neot

33 dengue viruses (DENV) are transmitted in an enzootic cycle between nonhuman primates and arboreal Ae

34 ltiple cellular processes during its complex enzootic cycle between ticks and mammals.

35 ls to alter adaptive capabilities during its enzootic cycle in an arthropod vector and mammalian host

36 Transmission is maintained in an enzootic cycle in which infected mosquitoes transmit the

37 e disease, is maintained in nature within an enzootic cycle involving a mammalian reservoir and an Ix

38 otential transmission cycles in Brisbane: an enzootic cycle involving birds and an urban cycle involv

39 isease, is maintained in nature by a complex enzootic cycle involving Ixodes ticks and mammalian host

40 for B. burgdorferi heterogeneity during the enzootic cycle is discussed.

41 Breaking the enzootic cycle of B. burgdorferi may reduce the incidenc

42 teins have been shown to be critical for the enzootic cycle of B. burgdorferi.

43 ve been shown to play important roles in the enzootic cycle of B. burgdorferi.

44 Previous work described an enzootic cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (herea

45 The importance of gene regulation in the enzootic cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi, the spirochete t

46 ated loci have been characterized during the enzootic cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi, very little is k

47 ting differential gene expression during the enzootic cycle of Borreliella burgdorferi, the Lyme dise

48 lfil physiological functions required in the enzootic cycle of pathogenic Borrelia.

49 al role of the tick Amblyomma cooperi in the enzootic cycle of Rickettsia rickettsii, the etiologic a

50 ling of c-di-GMP-regulated genes through the enzootic cycle supports our contention that the Hk1/Rrp1

51 Lyme disease, is maintained in nature via an enzootic cycle that comprises a tick vector and a verteb

52 Borrelia burgdorferi exists in nature in an enzootic cycle that involves the arthropod vector Ixodes

53 ns were assessed for progression through the enzootic cycle using an Ixodes tick/C3H-HeJ mouse model

54 nsmission and emergence of B. microti in the enzootic cycle, and causes greater disease severity and

55 Borrelia burgdorferi survives in an enzootic cycle, and Dps proteins protect DNA against dam

56 iated with the I. dentatus-cottontail rabbit enzootic cycle, but I. scapularis was also found to harb

57 During the enzootic cycle, flgV-deficient B. burgdorferi survive an

58 and diverse array of human pathogens in the enzootic cycle, including Borrelia burgdorferi and Babes

59 periods of rapid replication throughout the enzootic cycle, to support thiol-disulphide homeostasis,

60 e agent of Lyme disease, exists in a complex enzootic cycle, transiting between its vector, Ixodes ti

61 To investigate the role of Hk1 during the enzootic cycle, we inactivated this gene in two virulent

62 ent as opposed to amplification of a cryptic enzootic cycle.

63 terns of expression throughout the borrelial enzootic cycle.

64 ney colonization that helps LIC complete its enzootic cycle.

65 n is specific to the mammalian-phase of Bb's enzootic cycle.

66 ion essential for the spirochete's dual-host enzootic cycle.

67 rgdorferi required for the completion of its enzootic cycle.

68 alian hosts in order to complete its natural enzootic cycle.

69 survival and gene regulation throughout the enzootic cycle.

70 and likely would not be purified during the enzootic cycle.

71 ed infection to be maintained in the natural enzootic cycle.

72 ulate events critical for the B. burgdorferi enzootic cycle.

73 lian infection and to accomplish its natural enzootic cycle.

74 nes required for the different phases of the enzootic cycle.

75 rsistence and transmission through a complex enzootic cycle.

76 or maintaining the spirochete in its natural enzootic cycle.

77 disrupted by targeting 2 key elements in its enzootic cycle: the reservoir host and the tick vector.

78 n pathogen that is maintained in flea-rodent enzootic cycles in many parts of the world.

79 hete, Borrelia burgdorferi, is maintained in enzootic cycles involving Ixodes ticks and small mammals

80 HGE agent (genus GMT = 194), suggesting that enzootic cycles of Ehrlichia spp. exist outside of the a

81 in Madagascar result not from emergence from enzootic cycles within the country but from recurrent vi

82 nges in human factors as much as by enhanced enzootic cycles, whereas pathogen invasion results from

83 transmission plays a key role in many viral enzootic cycles.

84 inly infect people via direct spillover from enzootic cycles.

85 In this report, enzootic EPEC infection associated with up to 10.5% diar

86 Enzootic, equine avirulent, serotype ID VEEV strains app

87 This mutation allowed an enzootic, equine-avirulent VEEV strain, which circulates

88 The recent discovery of enzootic European bat lyssavirus infection in the UK is

89 A unique enzootic focus of Mycobacterium bovis in free-ranging de

90 ovis strains to identify those linked to the enzootic focus.

91 s from Washington County, Minnesota, an area enzootic for HGE.

92 Combined with the sometimes enzootic H5N1 and H9N2 strains, this cauldron of genetic

93 transmitted to chickens and reassorted with enzootic H9N2 viruses, leading to an outbreak and human

94 d future efforts are needed to determine the enzootic hosts and distribution of this spirochete in th

95 epizootic envelope genes introduced into an enzootic ID backbone were sufficient to generate the vir

96 ses generated from epizootic subtype IAB and enzootic IE VEEV were tested for mosquito infectivity.

97 ose that are endemic in human populations or enzootic in animal populations with frequent cross-speci

98 s also suggest that H7N9 viruses have become enzootic in China and may spread beyond the region, foll

99 (ii) G1 subgroup 3, or (iii) BJ94 lineages, enzootic in different regions throughout Asia.

100 spiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is enzootic in dromedary camels across the Middle East and

101 c avian influenza (HPAI) virus H5N1 has been enzootic in Egypt since 2008.

102 5N1) and A(H9N2) avian influenza viruses are enzootic in Egyptian poultry, and most A(H5N1) human cas

103 Simian type D retrovirus (SRV) is enzootic in many populations of Asian monkeys of the gen

104 an unknown spectrum of prions and has become enzootic in populations of cervid species that express c

105 H9N2 avian influenza viruses are enzootic in poultry across Asia and North Africa, where

106 rary H9N2 viruses of the G1 lineage that are enzootic in poultry across the Indian subcontinent and t

107 ANCE H9N2 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) are enzootic in poultry in different geographical regions.

108 ll as the avian A/H5N1 virus that has become enzootic in poultry in Southeast Asia and that has recen

109 thogenicity avian influenza A(H9N2) viruses, enzootic in poultry populations in Asia, are associated

110 uenza (HPAI) viruses of the H5N1 subtype are enzootic in poultry populations in different parts of th

111 sis (Anaplasma phagocytophilum) is intensely enzootic in rabbits there, but the identity of the other

112 tick-borne, malaria-like illness known to be enzootic in southern New England.

113 Influenza A viruses are globally enzootic in swine populations.

114 rse zoonotic-origin viruses adapt and become enzootic in swine, nascent reverse zoonoses may result i

115 n in host populations, suggesting that Bd is enzootic in Taiwan where it causes subclinical infection

116 ) and equine-origin CIV H3N8 (CIV-H3N8), are enzootic in the canine population.

117 In an area where these viruses are enzootic in the poultry, human exposure to and infection

118 suggests that this infection may also become enzootic in this population.

119 le reassorted internal genes (TRIG) has been enzootic in Unites States since 1998.

120 type H7 avian influenza A viruses (IAVs) are enzootic in wild aquatic birds and have caused sporadic

121 athogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses are enzootic in wild birds and poultry and continue to cause

122 ck-transmitted bacterial pathogens thrive in enzootic infection cycles, colonizing disparate vertebra

123 impact on Bb growth and survival during its enzootic infectious cycle.

124 swine are known reservoirs, but how broadly enzootic its causative agent, hepatitis E virus (HEV), i

125 ulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA), shares the same enzootic life cycle as Borrelia burgdorferi, the causati

126 e essential for successful completion of the enzootic life cycle but, given the historical difficulti

127 ibuted to interruption of the B. burgdorferi enzootic life cycle cannot yet be excluded.

128 Considering the unique enzootic life cycle of B. burgdorferi, it is not surpris

129 cycle, indicating plzA is essential for the enzootic life cycle of B. burgdorferi.

130 During the natural enzootic life cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi (also known

131 disease, exists in nature through a complex enzootic life cycle that involves both ticks and mammals

132 nts crucial for sustaining Bb in its natural enzootic life cycle.

133 critical for every part of the spirochete's enzootic life cycle.

134 d tick vector and mammalian host) during its enzootic life cycle.

135 t gene for subsequent utilization during its enzootic life cycle.

136 tween the micro-ecological challenges of its enzootic life-cycle and long-term residence in the tissu

137 VEE virus indicated that the viruses were of enzootic lineages previously identified in Panama rather

138 The likelihood of establishment of enzootic Lyme disease by this mechanism is discussed.

139 tropic retrovirus, is the etiologic agent of enzootic lymphosarcoma or leukemia in cattle.

140 Spillover of enzootic M. bovis from deer to humans and cattle continu

141 We lack a clear understanding of the enzootic maintenance of the bacterium (Yersinia pestis)

142 To determine whether cases were due to enzootic maintenance of the virus within Madagascar or t

143 Pixuna virus (PIXV) is an enzootic member of the Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Vi

144 ira interrogans serovar Copenhageni using an enzootic mode of transmission, the conjunctival route.

145 mentally induced OPA and naturally occurring enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma revealed strong activation

146 of ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (OPA) and enzootic nasal tumor (ENT), respectively.

147 Enzootic nasal tumor virus (ENTV) and jaagsiekte sheep r

148 Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) and enzootic nasal tumor virus (ENTV) are simple betaretrovi

149 ruses jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) and enzootic nasal tumor virus (ENTV) cause contagious cance

150 Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) and enzootic nasal tumor virus (ENTV) induce epithelial tumo

151 Enzootic nasal tumor virus (ENTV) induces nasal epitheli

152 Enzootic nasal tumor virus (ENTV) is related to JSRV but

153 uses, Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) and enzootic nasal tumor virus (ENTV), and a group of endoge

154 uses, jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) and enzootic nasal tumor virus (ENTV), is responsible for th

155 clude Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) and enzootic nasal tumor virus (ENTV).

156 uses, jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) and enzootic nasal tumor virus (ENTV).

157 genic jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) and enzootic nasal tumor virus.

158 -related retrovirus has been demonstrated in enzootic nasal tumors (ENTs) of sheep and goats.

159 A mosquito-borne virus, CHIKV exists in enzootic, non-human primate cycles in Africa, but occasi

160 ly contains an antigenically cross-reactive, enzootic, nonpathogenic agent(s).

161 e term 'synzootics' to describe co-occurring enzootic or epizootic processes that produce worse healt

162 s) have caused sporadic human infections and enzootic outbreaks among seals.

163 ic chicken populations and lower the risk of enzootic outbreaks, including those caused by IAVs exhib

164 (RHDV) was reported in 1989 and still causes enzootic outbreaks.

165 ve as reservoirs that can occasionally cause enzootic plague cycles and explosive epizootic outbreaks

166 pneumoniae is the causative agent of porcine enzootic pneumonia and a major factor in the porcine res

167 nificant respiratory disease of swine called Enzootic Pneumonia.

168 phenotype correlated well with epizootic or enzootic potential.

169 ged repeatedly via convergent evolution from enzootic predecessors.

170 lification-competent, epizootic VEEV from an enzootic progenitor and underscore the limitations of sm

171 rulent Mexican strains probably evolved from enzootic progenitors on the Pacific Coast of Mexico or G

172 Samples were further compared with enzootic rabies associated with different species of bat

173 an monkeypox incidence trends in a monkeypox-enzootic region.

174 78) exhibit little diversity, while those in enzootic settings (e.g., 1970s Zimbabwe) can be highly d

175 from Peromyscus leucopus mice captured at an enzootic site in Connecticut were examined for antibodie

176 clusively that mice captured at Lyme disease enzootic sites may be infected by mixed populations of g

177 ector, Ixodes scapularis, in maintaining the enzootic spirochete cycle in nature.

178 le to pigs but failed to establish an active enzootic state.

179 r longer from being selected in most African enzootic strains as well as in the older endemic Asian l

180 elan outbreak and four sympatric, subtype ID enzootic strains closely related to the predicted epizoo

181 irus (VEEV) arise via mutation of progenitor enzootic strains that replicate poorly in equines.

182 In the macaque, the enzootic strains used are infectious by aerosol and lead

183 r appreciably between these epizootic versus enzootic strains, calling into question the reliability

184 s were no more virulent than closely related enzootic strains, complicating genetic studies of VEE em

185 er infectivity compared with closely related enzootic strains, supporting the hypothesis that adaptat

186 zootic) nonstructural genes with variety IE (enzootic) structural genes (VE/IAB-IE) or IE nonstructur

187 V strains containing the genetic backbone of enzootic subtype ID strains and the partial envelope gly

188 pe genes from two different, closely related enzootic subtype ID strains into the epizootic backbones

189 rotein allow relatively viremia-incompetent, enzootic subtype ID strains to adapt for equine replicat

190 Introduction of the PE2 gene from an enzootic subtype ID virus into an epizootic IAB or IC ge

191 iruses are closely related to four distinct, enzootic subtype ID-like lineages.

192 ned and compared to those of closely related enzootic subtype IE isolates from Guatemala.

193 ic, when compared to that of closely related enzootic subtype IE strains, was shown to result from a

194 The inability of enzootic subtype IE viruses to infect this mosquito spec

195 e encephalitis (VEE) viruses can evolve from enzootic, subtype ID strains that circulate continuously

196 lethal challenge against both epizootic and enzootic subtypes of VEEV.

197 ics are believed to emerge via adaptation of enzootic (sylvatic, equine-avirulent) strains for high t

198 92 Venezuelan outbreak and a closely related enzootic, sympatric subtype ID strain (ZPC738).

199 ssettii, three main reservoir hosts, and two enzootic tick vectors in the southeastern U.S.

200 The two enzootic tick vectors, Ixodes affinis and Ixodes minor,

201 an understanding of the linkages between the enzootic transmission cycle (in wild animals) and that i

202 dence suggests that KASV is maintained in an enzootic transmission cycle between O.

203 in horses and humans and is maintained in an enzootic transmission cycle between songbirds and Culise

204 sed, raises the possibility of a serotype IC enzootic transmission cycle in northern Venezuela.

205 period that led to an increased number of GI enzootic transmission cycles and the subsequent displace

206 ic changes that increased human contact with enzootic transmission cycles, genetic changes in EEE vir

207 ulate that the former two genotypes exist in enzootic transmission cycles, while the latter is geneti

208 tick virus, that are maintained in distinct enzootic transmission cycles.

209 However, after enzootic transmission in chickens, the viruses exclusive

210 e conclude that there has been long-standing enzootic transmission of tularemia on the island.

211 derivatives in Ixodes scapularis ticks, the enzootic vector of Bb, is extremely low.

212 s in the Culex pipiens complex are excellent enzootic vectors of West Nile virus, circulating the vir

213 h respect to previous epidemic/epizootic and enzootic VEE virus isolates.

214 potential for epidemic emergence from the IE enzootic VEE viruses.

215 In contrast, enzootic VEEV strains are highly specialized and appear

216 during outbreaks or that of closely related enzootic VEEV strains that circulate continuously.

217 was found in other studies of epizootic and enzootic VEEV strains, the sensitivities to murine alpha

218 elays between cross-species transmission and enzootic viral establishment.

219 Like other enzootic viruses, little is known about how host context

220 logical differences between the epidemic and enzootic viruses, several in vitro and in vivo laborator

221 Emergence can involve simple spillover from enzootic (wildlife) cycles, as in the case of West Nile

222 LV infection in the Andalusian population is enzootic, with circulation of the virus at low levels in

223 stantial burden of disease, with endemic and enzootic zoonoses causing about a billion cases of illne