ライフサイエンスコーパス: epiretinal

1 d patients have undergone implantation of an epiretinal 4 x 4 electrode array designed to directly st

2 d human subjects underwent implantation with epiretinal 4 x 4 electrode arrays designed to directly s

3 laucomatous eyes, pars plana vitrectomy with epiretinal and internal limiting membrane peel was ineff

4 anges treated with pars plana vitrectomy and epiretinal and internal limiting membrane peel.

5 rwent surgery with pars plana vitrectomy and epiretinal and internal limiting membrane peel.

6 lantation and electrical stimulation with an epiretinal array did not result in damage that could be

7 retinotopically corresponded to the site of epiretinal array implantation and stimulation.

8 age X-linked RP underwent implantation of an epiretinal array over the macula in the right eye and su

9 grasp performance of patients fitted with an epiretinal artifical retina device.

10 d by comparing positions of epipapillary and epiretinal blood vessels.

11 Electron microscopy revealed evidence of epiretinal cell multilayers with masses of vitreous coll

12 Epiretinal cell proliferation and vitreous collagen fibr

13 es on optical coherence tomography, we found epiretinal cells and vitreous collagen fibrils on the in

14 lasmin treatment, presence and topography of epiretinal cells and vitreous collagen remnants on the i

15 e using the same stimulating parameters with epiretinal electrode arrays.

16 In contrast, epiretinal hydrogels degraded within days and led to bro

17 visual signals in the central retina with an epiretinal implant.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Artificial res

18 Recent tests in patients with epiretinal implants have revealed that electrical stimul

19 Epiretinal implants stimulate the output retinal layer-g

20 f high-density arrays of small electrodes in epiretinal implants.

21 gularities or irregularity of each category (epiretinal, intraretinal, or RPE/choroidal irregularity)

22 gularities evaluated in the study (including epiretinal irregularities, abnormal retinal thickness, i

23 pectral-domain optical coherence tomography, epiretinal material of homogenous reflectivity without c

24 go surgery indipendently from the associated epiretinal material.

25 ommon complications were cataract (0.31/EY), epiretinal membrane (0.16/EY), and recurrent macular ede

26 At 1 year, epiretinal membrane (10.9%), mechanical lens complicatio

27 echiae (21.7%), cystoid macular edema (16%), epiretinal membrane (13.2%), glaucoma (11.3%), increased

28 roliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) (5), epiretinal membrane (4), vitreomacular traction syndrome

29 s of PR included vitreous hemorrhage (9.1%), epiretinal membrane (45.17%), proliferative vitreoretino

30 %), and all other baseline parameters except epiretinal membrane (84.3%), which was detected at a sig

31 (aHR, 1.43) and >/=2+ (aHR, 1.59) vs. none; epiretinal membrane (aHR, 1.25); peripheral anterior syn

32 e had a higher growth rate than eyes without epiretinal membrane (difference, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.03-0.30

33 res more frequently seen in uveitis included epiretinal membrane (ERM) (82.6% vs. 44.2%, p < 0.001),

34 Surgical indications included epiretinal membrane (ERM) (n = 121), vitreous floaters (

35 Structurally, the presence of epiretinal membrane (ERM) (p < 0.007) and vitreo-macular

36 5, 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.19-11.8), epiretinal membrane (ERM) (RR, 4.1, CI, 2.63-6.19), hist

37 loped cystoid macular edema (CME) or macular epiretinal membrane (ERM) .

38 cular traction (VMT), macular hole (MH), and epiretinal membrane (ERM) according to the International

39 in patients with macular pathologies such as epiretinal membrane (ERM) and could influence the result

40 Epiretinal membrane (ERM) and cystoid macular edema (CME

41 Rates of epiretinal membrane (ERM) and cystoid macular edema (CME

42 00 (Carl Zeiss Meditech, Jena, Germany) with epiretinal membrane (ERM) and internal retinal membrane

43 ients admitted for surgical treatment of the epiretinal membrane (ERM) and macular hole (MH).

44 e the causes of diplopia in patients with an epiretinal membrane (ERM) and presenting diplopia.

45 VMI was evaluated for presence of epiretinal membrane (ERM) and thickened vitreous cortex

46 selected among 369 patients examined for an epiretinal membrane (ERM) by Cirrus spectral-domain OCT

47 Epiretinal membrane (ERM) can impair central vision by f

48 A stratified analysis showed that epiretinal membrane (ERM) decreased the risk of CME in R

49 factors for cystoid macular edema (CME) and epiretinal membrane (ERM) development after surgery for

50 , or vehicle, and at appropriate time points epiretinal membrane (ERM) formation and retinal detachme

51 nal reattachment rate, final VA, and rate of epiretinal membrane (ERM) formation at month 6.

52 study was to study the prevalence of macular epiretinal membrane (ERM) formation for retinal tears tr

53 , the intraretinal glial response results in epiretinal membrane (ERM) formation, a proliferative and

54 cataract development, retinal redetachment, epiretinal membrane (ERM) formation, and single-surgery

55 More epiretinal membrane (ERM) formations occurred postoperat

56 osed a deep learning model that can identify epiretinal membrane (ERM) in OCT with ophthalmologist-le

57 (SRF) height, intraretinal cysts (IRC), and epiretinal membrane (ERM) on post-operative best-correct

58 ic lenses or contact lenses), a MIN lens, or epiretinal membrane (ERM) peeling (alone or in any combi

59 are functional and anatomical outcomes after epiretinal membrane (ERM) peeling with internal limiting

60 rol group was selected to determine relative epiretinal membrane (ERM) prevalence.

61 ne (ILM) peeling after idiopathic unilateral epiretinal membrane (ERM) removal and to compare outcome

62 ing the postoperative outcomes of idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM) surgery based on preoperative

63 of exogenous cells into the vitreous to form epiretinal membrane (ERM) which does not recapitulate a

64 e and clinical associations of patients with epiretinal membrane (ERM) who develop central-peripheral

65 (PPV): 6 for vitreous hemorrhage (VH), 1 for epiretinal membrane (ERM), and an additional 8 for tract

66 criteria included FTMH >400 mum, presence of epiretinal membrane (ERM), and aphakia in the study eye.

67 eter and presence of vitreomacular traction, epiretinal membrane (ERM), and cystoid macular edema (CM

68 ndergoing pars plana vitrectomy to remove an epiretinal membrane (ERM), and test subjects (n = 7) wit

69 esolution of CME, OCT characteristics of CME/epiretinal membrane (ERM), type of surgery, and treatmen

70 reous fluids were obtained from 19 eyes with epiretinal membrane (ERM), which were used as control sa

71 hment (RD), cystoid macular edema (CME), and epiretinal membrane (ERM).

72 ickness macular hole (FTMH), and presence of epiretinal membrane (ERM).

73 hacoemulsification for macular hole (MH) and epiretinal membrane (ERM).

74 nction after vitrectomy surgery in eyes with epiretinal membrane (ERM).

75 sculature and disease severity of idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM).

76 predicts postoperative visual outcome in the epiretinal membrane (ERM).

77 e of parafoveal cysts or schisis mainly from epiretinal membrane (ERM).

78 epiretinal proliferation (LHEP) and standard epiretinal membrane (ERM).

79 cular interface pathology such as idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM) (n = 4), vitreomacular tracti

80 ence of progression to surgery on idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM) and compared the results with

81 flammation in the pathogenesis of idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM) by evaluating blood-count-der

82 .6 vs. 0.52); FTMH (kappa 0.9 vs. 0.78); and epiretinal membrane (kappa 0.65 vs. 0.45).

83 ), optic nerve abnormalities (n = 2 [1.9%]), epiretinal membrane (n = 2 [1.9%]), and drusen (n = 2 [1

84 Surgical indications included epiretinal membrane (n = 26), diabetic tractional retina

85 fluid (n = 6), subretinal exudation (n = 6), epiretinal membrane (n = 3), retinal hemorrhage (n = 2),

86 s" at distance and/or for reading) caused by epiretinal membrane (n = 44) or other retinal disorders

87 cyclitic membrane (n = 18, 69%), neoplastic epiretinal membrane (n = 6, 23%), and persistent hyaloid

88 .75; 95% CI, 0.68-0.82), and macular hole or epiretinal membrane (OR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.48-0.65) were l

89 baseline VA (P < 0.001), the presence of an epiretinal membrane (P = 0.03), and the peeling of the i

90 < 0.001), but remained stable after PPV for epiretinal membrane (p = 0.555), macular hole (p = 0.695

91 ma (PRB 28%, PR 39%, PFCL 46%, P = .003) and epiretinal membrane (PRB 64%, PR 90%, PFCL 61%, P < .001

92 lusion (RR 12.9), macular hole (RR 7.7), and epiretinal membrane (RR 5.7).

93 al [CI], 1.57-4.34), a previous diagnosis of epiretinal membrane (RR, 5.60; 95% CI, 3.45-9.07), uveit

94 acular edema [28 eyes, (17.4%)], followed by epiretinal membrane [17eye, (10.6%)].

95 , and fibroblasts (the cell types crucial in epiretinal membrane [ERM] formation) under identical mic

96 Nine subjects (26%) had epiretinal membrane and 6 (17%) had MH (mean diameter 18

97 inner nuclear layer in eyes with concomitant epiretinal membrane and glaucomatous optic neuropathy.

98 Epiretinal membrane and internal limiting membrane (ILM)

99 22-day delay, leading to significantly more epiretinal membrane and proliferative vitreoretinopathy

100 l membrane, 338 +/- 23 mum; and eyes with an epiretinal membrane and surface wrinkling, 405 +/- 22 mu

101 IDIOPATHIC EPIRETINAL MEMBRANE AND VITREOMACULAR TRACTION PREFERRED

102 R) GUIDELINES: New evidence-based Idiopathic Epiretinal Membrane and Vitreomacular Traction Preferred

103 Epiretinal membrane and vitreomacular traction were the

104 f small and medium FTMH, and in FTMH without epiretinal membrane at baseline.

105 PR had a greater risk of epiretinal membrane compared with PRB and PFCL.

106 and PDGF, both of which are associated with epiretinal membrane development.

107 Patients who had an epiretinal membrane for more than 18 months had signific

108 ), whereas hypotony (3% vs. 13%, P = 0.038), epiretinal membrane formation (2% vs. 8%; P = 0.028), an

109 current retinal detachment (4.7% vs 19%) and epiretinal membrane formation (7% vs 19%).

110 hment (RD), cystoid macular edema (CME), and epiretinal membrane formation (ERM).

111 CI = 2.00-3.59, P < .001), and in eyes with epiretinal membrane formation (hazard ratio = 1.54, 95%

112 r edema (RR, 0.47 [0.25-0.88]; P = 0.02) and epiretinal membrane formation (RR, 0.70 [0.52-0.94]; P =

113 Optic disc edema and epiretinal membrane formation was found more frequently

114 sue formation at the disc area as well as an epiretinal membrane formation, for which she had pars pl

115 cluding postoperative cystoid macular edema, epiretinal membrane formation, macular folds, and, ultim

116 The incidence of epiretinal membrane formation, number of laser photocoag

117 Eyes with epiretinal membrane had a higher growth rate than eyes w

118 native internal limiting membrane in 2 eyes, epiretinal membrane in 1 eye, and remnant cortical vitre

119 8 eyes (29%) and 6 eyes (38%) (P = .34), and epiretinal membrane in 5 eyes (20.8%) and 4 eyes (25%) (

120 cular edema in 8 of 20 patients (40.0%), and epiretinal membrane in 6 of 20 patients (30.0%).

121 Epiretinal membrane is a common complication of uveitis

122 A tangential traction from an epiretinal membrane may contribute to its genesis, but a

123 ptin receptor were detected in fibrovascular epiretinal membrane of patients with diabetes.

124 Seventy-two eyes of 59 patients had an epiretinal membrane on presentation.

125 The finding of an epiretinal membrane on spectral-domain OCT and a corresp

126 All surgical procedures for an epiretinal membrane or a macular hole performed in Franc

127 ionally underwent pars plana vitrectomy with epiretinal membrane or ILM peel within 1 month of random

128 reous opacities code exclusively, and not to epiretinal membrane or macular hole codes.

129 naive wet AMD group (group 3, n = 10) and an epiretinal membrane or macular hole group (group 4, n =

130 ohorts with wet AMD and a control group with epiretinal membrane or macular hole.

131 surgery involves pars plana vitrectomy with epiretinal membrane or proliferation and internal limiti

132 lysis of patients with a diagnosis of either epiretinal membrane or vitreous opacities, there was no

133 one oil removal in one patient, and combined epiretinal membrane peeling and silicone oil removal in

134 ed include central subfield thickness (CST), epiretinal membrane presence, intraretinal and subretina

135 patients in the single-peeling group had an epiretinal membrane remaining in the central fovea posto

136 Subsequently, the silicone oil with epiretinal membrane removal was performed, and the patie

137 ted internal limiting membrane specimens and epiretinal membrane specimens removed from 25 eyes of 25

138 r changes increased at advanced glaucoma and epiretinal membrane stages.

139 inal detachment was 2.37% overall, 1.95% for epiretinal membrane surgery, and 3.43% for macular hole

140 was higher for macular hole surgery than for epiretinal membrane surgery.

141 iferation is a distinct clinical entity from epiretinal membrane that classically is associated with

142 The extensive and adherent epiretinal membrane together with the mass lesion were r

143 Extensive multilayered peripapillary epiretinal membrane was found covering the posterior pol

144 Epiretinal membrane was found in 7 eyes after endophthal

145 fects of "single peeling," in which only the epiretinal membrane was peeled, and "double peeling," in

146 embrane was removed in 25.7% (143 eyes), and epiretinal membrane was removed in 18.3% (102 eyes).

147 Epiretinal membrane was the most common complication.

148 ue to undergo PPV for either macular hole or epiretinal membrane were recruited.

149 Conversely, eyes with an epiretinal membrane with retinal surface wrinkling had a

150 interface disorders (either macular hole or epiretinal membrane), 1 patient had vitreous hemorrhage

151 l subfield thicknesses were: eyes without an epiretinal membrane, 338 +/- 23 mum; and eyes with an ep

152 ting for vitreoretinal diseases including an epiretinal membrane, age-related macular degeneration, v

153 aretinal fluid, 4 eyes were found to have an epiretinal membrane, and 1 eye had optic nerve edema.

154 ma, retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhage, epiretinal membrane, and band keratopathy), and visual o

155 the 2 groups, including ocular hypertension, epiretinal membrane, and cataract formation.

156 , cataract, vitritis, cystoid macular edema, epiretinal membrane, and disc edema may occur in patient

157 hage at baseline, increasing age, absence of epiretinal membrane, and glycated hemoglobin below 9 as

158 lar edema, posterior capsular opacification, epiretinal membrane, and intraocular lens subluxation.

159 mia, foveal hemorrhage, vitreous hemorrhage, epiretinal membrane, and retinal detachment.

160 absence of foveal detachment, lamellar hole, epiretinal membrane, choroidal neovascularization, inner

161 ular degeneration, glaucoma, Sicca syndrome, epiretinal membrane, cornea guttata, or amblyopia.

162 n younger patients (<65 years), eyes without epiretinal membrane, eyes with FTMH, phakic eyes, and ey

163 pathy, retinal vein occlusion, macular hole, epiretinal membrane, macular degeneration, retinal detac

164 cal changes in OCT in the macular region, as epiretinal membrane, macular edema, subretinal fluid or

165 e diabetic retinopathy, and the other 13 for epiretinal membrane, macular hole, vitreous opacities, o

166 ssing the presence of cystoid macular edema, epiretinal membrane, macular holes, and external limitin

167 re categorized as having intraretinal fluid, epiretinal membrane, or optic nerve edema.

168 3 months (20/94 vs 20/35 for eyes without an epiretinal membrane, P = .002) and at 6 months follow-up

169 llow-up (20/110 vs 20/36 for eyes without an epiretinal membrane, P = .02).

170 p visits revealed regressed mMNV with a taut epiretinal membrane, progressive worsening of outer MRS,

171 ucoma, age-related macular degeneration, and epiretinal membrane, require specific considerations for

172 retinoschisis, myopic traction maculopathy, epiretinal membrane, vitreoretinal traction, optic or sc

173 etinal Defect Associated With High Myopia or Epiretinal Membrane," published online January 22, 2015,

174 38(14.0%).Of these patients,15(39.4%) had an epiretinal membrane,10(26.3%) had age-related macular de

175 Macular striae were seen in eyes with epiretinal membrane.

176 s with ocular pathologic features such as an epiretinal membrane.

177 logic features, primarily the presence of an epiretinal membrane.

178 differentiate into myofibroblasts to form an epiretinal membrane.

179 d in 18 eyes (90%), and 14 eyes (75%) had an epiretinal membrane.

180 ic macular edema, retinal vein occlusion, or epiretinal membrane.

181 , vitreomacular interface abnormalities, and epiretinal membrane.

182 nal detachment at macula while the other, an epiretinal membrane.

183 tractive properties were termed conventional epiretinal membrane.

184 for FTMH width, vitreomacular adhesion, and epiretinal membrane.

185 cular pseudohole presented with conventional epiretinal membrane.

186 macular adhesion, vitreomacular traction, or epiretinal membrane; (3) presence, location, and amount

187 ntraocular pressure (IOP); (7) macula pucker/epiretinal membrane; (8) cataract; and (9) quality of li

188 er were diagnosed in 52 out of 264 eyes with epiretinal membranes (19.7%), of which 28 (55.0%) had co

189 ectopic inner foveal layers associated with epiretinal membranes (ERMs) and to present a new optical

190 The development of symptoms in patients with epiretinal membranes (ERMs) often corresponds with the a

191 Epiretinal membranes (ERMs) were present in 71% of eyes

192 ns of the central bouquet (CB) in idiopathic epiretinal membranes (ERMs).

193 ile of cells growing out of human idiopathic epiretinal membranes (iERMs) and testing their prolifera

194 Cells within epiretinal membranes and activated Muller cells were pre

195 HRPE cells in epiretinal membranes and in culture expressed c-Met.

196 In eyes with epiretinal membranes and retinal surface wrinkling, uvei

197 Eyes without epiretinal membranes and with epiretinal membranes witho

198 oid layer and was associated with tractional epiretinal membranes and/or vitreomacular traction.

199 Epiretinal membranes are associated with macular cysts,

200 Epiretinal membranes are commonly encountered in retinal

201 n of HGFR in human donor eyes and in several epiretinal membranes associated with proliferative vitre

202 n of HGFR in human donor eyes and in several epiretinal membranes associated with proliferative vitre

203 eadily detected in the cellular component of epiretinal membranes associated with PVR, whereas little

204 All six diabetic epiretinal membranes contained positively identified Mul

205 ces (ECM) is important in the development of epiretinal membranes found in proliferative vitreoretino

206 leptin and leptin receptor were localized in epiretinal membranes immunohistochemically.

207 Epiretinal membranes in group 1C demonstrated the greate

208 We observed retinal hamartomas and/or epiretinal membranes in nine patients from five families

209 The development of epiretinal membranes may be associated with either vitre

210 he RPE monolayer in human donor eyes, and in epiretinal membranes obtained from patients with PVR.

211 eas myofibroblasts dominated in conventional epiretinal membranes of macular pseudoholes.

212 eptors (PDGFRs) are present and activated in epiretinal membranes of patient donors, and they are ess

213 Epiretinal membranes on OCT were associated with a lower

214 Despite the absence of contractive epiretinal membranes on optical coherence tomography, we

215 Contractile epiretinal membranes on the inner retinal surface that c

216 es of visual loss such as SO emulsification, epiretinal membranes or macular edema were excluded.

217 016, 152,034 macular surgical procedures for epiretinal membranes or macular holes were recorded in F

218 epiretinal proliferation, whereas tractional epiretinal membranes presenting contractive properties w

219 ative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) and idiopathic epiretinal membranes was analyzed by immunohistochemistr

220 Epiretinal membranes were diagnosed when identified by 2

221 nsecutive patients diagnosed with idiopathic epiretinal membranes were reviewed and analyzed.

222 Sections of epiretinal membranes were stained immunohistochemically

223 Epiretinal membranes with high cellularity and glial cel

224 The immunostaining of patient epiretinal membranes with lineage markers confirms RPE i

225 Eyes without epiretinal membranes and with epiretinal membranes without surface wrinkling were not

226 erwent pars plana vitrectomy, removal of any epiretinal membranes, and gas tamponade, with or without

227 opathy, ophthalmological lesions (cataracts, epiretinal membranes, and retinal hamartomas), and cutan

228 These factors include epiretinal membranes, edema, individual variation in fie

229 ing/other changes, macular atrophy/puckering/epiretinal membranes, FAF findings such as a central hyp

230 n of the retinal inner layers (DRIL), cysts, epiretinal membranes, microaneurysms, subretinal fluid,

231 These conditions include macular holes, epiretinal membranes, retinal detachments, and retinopat

232 In eyes with epiretinal membranes, the largest single entity identifi

233 er nuclear layer in patients with idiopathic epiretinal membranes, with and without glaucomatous opti

234 active properties than cells of conventional epiretinal membranes.

235 opathy, 7 had retinal detachments, and 9 had epiretinal membranes.

236 promoted the development of dense, fibrotic epiretinal membranes.

237 as little or no HGFR was found in idiopathic epiretinal membranes.

238 oliferative vitreoretinopathy and idiopathic epiretinal membranes.

239 ysts, subretinal and intraretinal fluid, and epiretinal membranes.

240 ct the posterior hyaloid and widely adherent epiretinal membranes.

241 on and decreased alpha-SMA expression in the epiretinal membranes.

242 el patients was considered to be evidence of epiretinal neovascular membrane (ERNM).

243 Epiretinal neovascular membranes surgically removed from

244 Epiretinal neovascularization is a novel finding in MacT

245 Epiretinal pigment deposits were characterized clinicall

246 Epiretinal placement of fibrin-AAV2-GFP (n = 11) was com

247 Three cases developed epiretinal proliferation (EP) during evolution, which sh

248 s) with and without lamellar hole-associated epiretinal proliferation (LHEP) and standard epiretinal

249 We characterized macular hole-associated epiretinal proliferation (MHEP) and its effects on long-

250 It was often associated with nontractional epiretinal proliferation and a retinal "bump." Moreover,

251 Cells within lamellar hole-associated epiretinal proliferation appear to originate from vitreo

252 Epiretinal proliferation is a distinct clinical entity f

253 ructure showed that lamellar hole-associated epiretinal proliferation of lamellar macular holes mainl

254 ar holes presenting lamellar hole-associated epiretinal proliferation on the retinal surface.

255 Perihole epiretinal proliferation sparing was associated with a b

256 Epiretinal proliferation was noted in 18 eyes (90%), and

257 Lamellar hole-associated epiretinal proliferation was seen in 73% of eyes with la

258 In lamellar hole-associated epiretinal proliferation, positive immunoreactivity for

259 erived from LMH had a small diameter, showed epiretinal proliferation, showed limited retinal hydrati

260 was categorized as lamellar hole-associated epiretinal proliferation, whereas tractional epiretinal

261 ologic and ultrastructural analysis of these epiretinal proliferations peeled at the time of silicone

262 Epiretinal prostheses aim at electrically stimulating th

263 man subjects were implanted chronically with epiretinal prostheses consisting of two-dimensional elec

264 result of retinitis pigmentosa, who received epiretinal prostheses implanted monocularly as part of a

265 an effort to restore functional form vision, epiretinal prostheses that elicit percepts by directly s

266 light perception, and an implanted Argus II epiretinal prostheses used a touchscreen to trace white

267 f veridically reproducing such patterns with epiretinal prostheses.

268 The Argus I implant is the first-generation epiretinal prosthesis approved for an investigational cl

269 lanted blind human subjects with a prototype epiretinal prosthesis consisting of a 4 x 4 array of 16

270 with severe RP (implanted with a 16-channel epiretinal prosthesis in 2004) on nine individual electr

271 Medical Products, Sylmar, California) is an epiretinal prosthesis that serves to provide useful visi

272 ate inter-electrode variability across seven epiretinal prosthesis users.

273 For an epiretinal prosthesis, short-duration current pulses may

274 ee categories for intermodality comparisons: epiretinal, retinal/subretinal, and RPE/choroidal irregu

275 Implantation of an electrode array on the epiretinal side (i.e., side closest to the ganglion cell

276 e was misplaced into the choroid or into the epiretinal space on top of the host retina.

277 may be implanted either in the subretinal or epiretinal space.

278 Four hypotheses were tested: (1) epiretinal stimulation can be performed during acute exp

279 the KA/AMPA antagonist NBQX, suggesting that epiretinal stimulation evoked glutamate release from bip

280 Sustained currents were also evoked by epiretinal stimulation in bipolar cells.

281 s the neural code and effectiveness of focal epiretinal stimulation in the central macaque retina, us

282 effective activation of the inner retina by epiretinal stimulation.

283 re present 10 years after implantation of an epiretinal stimulator.

284 e visual pathway (ie, cortical, optic nerve, epiretinal, subretinal).

285 ation of dense, contractile membranes on the epiretinal surface and prevented development of traction

286 , and the response patterns were similar for epiretinal surface and subsurface applications.

287 Epiretinal surface application of glutamate was less lik

288 the contraction of fibrotic membranes on the epiretinal surface of the neurosensory retina, resulting

289 subsurface application (20 microm below the epiretinal surface).

290 microelectrode array then was tacked to the epiretinal surface.

291 l detachment and is present in fibrovascular epiretinal tissue.

292 ntified Muller cells are present in diabetic epiretinal tissues and appear to undergo the same progre

293 Cryosections of six diabetic epiretinal tissues were evaluated for the same antigens.

294 18 and was more strongly associated with the epiretinal vessels than with inner retinal vessels.

295 Use of an epiretinal visual prosthesis can allow RP patients with