ライフサイエンスコーパス: eyeblink

1 n and performance of classically conditioned eyeblinks.

2 uring acquisition of classically conditioned eyeblinks.

3 tervals, which do not support acquisition of eyeblinks.

4 e acquisition and maintenance of conditioned eyeblinks.

5 found between KO and WT mice in spontaneous eyeblink activity, auditory brainstem response (ABR) amp

6 e emergence of the conditioned response (CR; eyeblink after CS presentation and before US presentatio

7 ypothesized that the frequency and timing of eyeblinks also depends on the social signals contained i

8 me conditioned and unconditioned stimuli for eyeblink and fear conditioning.

9 ubjects and served as indices of conditioned eyeblink and fear responses, respectively.

10 e amplitude of evoked reflex and conditioned eyeblinks and in the percentage of CRs.

11 ircuits that control associative learning of eyeblinks and other defensive reflexes in mammals.

12 crucial role in the classically conditioned eyeblink circuit.

13 within the IO, which affects the rest of the eyeblink circuits in a nonspecific manner.

14 ermining possible sites of plasticity within eyeblink circuits is the reversible inactivation of circ

15 tivation did not affect other known parts of eyeblink circuits, such as the cerebellar interposed nuc

16 and in the excitability of extra-cerebellar eyeblink circuits.

17 (5 g/kg/day or more) impairs acquisition of eyeblink classical conditioning (EBC), a cerebellar-depe

18 Acquisition and retention of eyeblink classical conditioning (EBCC) was examined in 3

19 cerebellum are critically involved in trace eyeblink classical conditioning (EBCC).

20 im was to compare cerebellum-dependent delay eyeblink classical conditioning and hippocampus-dependen

21 The authors examined 400 ms delay eyeblink classical conditioning in 20 participants with

22 this question, we used a neural correlate of eyeblink classical conditioning in an isolated brainstem

23 neural circuitry supporting delay and trace eyeblink classical conditioning in humans and laboratory

24 The role of the cerebellar cortex in eyeblink classical conditioning remains unclear.

25 ned the role of tTLL in an in vitro model of eyeblink classical conditioning using an isolated brains

26 Trace eyeblink classical conditioning was used to assess the i

27 out mice were also defective in learning the eyeblink classical conditioning.

28 containing AMPARs using an in vitro model of eyeblink classical conditioning.

29 Cerebellar cortical contributions to eyeblink conditioned excitation have been examined exten

30 cerning the role of the cerebellar cortex in eyeblink conditioned inhibition.

31 Discrimination of the eyeblink conditioned response (CR) between conditioned s

32 Retention of the eyeblink conditioned response (CR) during both tests was

33 Eyeblink conditioned response (CR) timing was assessed i

34 or long-term retention of the standard delay eyeblink conditioned response (CR).

35 ges in neuronal activity correlated with the eyeblink conditioned response were evident in the cerebe

36 SHRs exhibited faster acquisition of eyeblink conditioned responses (CRs) and displayed misti

37 al somatosensory cortex and to support trace-eyeblink conditioned responses when paired with corneal

38 Eyeblink-conditioned responses established with pontine

39 Recent studies of delay eyeblink conditioning (EBC) in young rats have demonstra

40 Trace eyeblink conditioning (EBC) is a forebrain-dependent ass

41 Trace eyeblink conditioning (EBC) is an associative learning t

42 Eyeblink conditioning (EBC) was used in the current stud

43 d trimester, also show deficits in classical eyeblink conditioning (EBC), a cerebellar-dependent asso

44 PNNs in the mouse DCN are diminished during eyeblink conditioning (EBC), a form of associative motor

45 causes SCA6-like symptoms, i.e., deficits in eyeblink conditioning (EBC), ataxia, and PC degeneration

46 ar reflex (VOR) gain adaptation but impaired eyeblink conditioning (EBC), which relies on the ability

47 nucleus during acquisition and retention of eyeblink conditioning (Experiment 2).

48 r the learning of a tactile variant of trace eyeblink conditioning (TTEBC) and undergoes distinct map

49 Eyeblink conditioning abnormalities have been reported i

50 se findings contribute to evidence of robust eyeblink conditioning abnormalities in schizophrenia and

51 ty of CB1KO mice accounts for their impaired eyeblink conditioning across both animals and trials.

52 ess a severe learning deficit in associative eyeblink conditioning after a stressful life event, but

53 tched healthy controls by means of classical eyeblink conditioning and blink reflex recovery cycle be

54 well as the eyeblink CR, is acquired during eyeblink conditioning and influences the development of

55 bellar cortex in normal acquisition of delay eyeblink conditioning and MWM and raise questions about

56 With stimulus conditions that produce eyeblink conditioning and research designs that produce

57 The former has been implicated in eyeblink conditioning and the latter in vestibular contr

58 tial cerebellar brain circuits for Pavlovian eyeblink conditioning appeared relatively complete by 20

59 rebellar nuclei and the cerebellar cortex in eyeblink conditioning are not well understood.

60 for the interpositus nucleus to learn delay eyeblink conditioning as the ISI departs from an optimal

61 rhinal cortex plays a role in discriminative eyeblink conditioning by resolving ambiguity in discrimi

62 e neural correlates of human delay and trace eyeblink conditioning by using functional MRI.

63 been debate about whether differential delay eyeblink conditioning can be acquired without awareness

64 prenatal or perinatal physiological insults, eyeblink conditioning can provide a well-studied method

65 conducted on a cohort of rabbits undergoing eyeblink conditioning can reveal functional brain connec

66 Eyeblink conditioning emerges ontogenetically between po

67 Eyeblink conditioning entails a variety of paradigms tha

68 The cohort of rabbits undergoing eyeblink conditioning exhibited increased functional con

69 Each eyeblink conditioning experiment was immediately followe

70 Eyeblink conditioning has been hypothesized to engage tw

71 Trace eyeblink conditioning has been shown to enhance the surv

72 Eyeblink conditioning has been used for decades a model

73 e the survival of new neurons, whereas delay eyeblink conditioning has no such effect.

74 l cerebellar cortex and deep nuclei to delay eyeblink conditioning have been debated and are difficul

75 llum and impairments in cerebellar-dependent eyeblink conditioning have been observed in ADHD, prompt

76 llum and impairments in cerebellar-dependent eyeblink conditioning have been observed in attention-de

77 investigation into whether SHRs also exhibit eyeblink conditioning impairments.

78 In this study, we demonstrate that pavlovian eyeblink conditioning in adult mice can induce robust ax

79 ng study to compare directly trace and delay eyeblink conditioning in an animal model.

80 Partial reinforcement retarded eyeblink conditioning in both the trace and delay paradi

81 male rats, whereas the same stressor impairs eyeblink conditioning in female rats.

82 facilitation in males and the retardation of eyeblink conditioning in females.

83 ioned eyelid and fear responses during delay eyeblink conditioning in freely moving rats.

84 Our results pave the way for using eyeblink conditioning in head-fixed mice as a platform f

85 We have developed a novel apparatus for eyeblink conditioning in head-fixed mice.

86 erebellar nuclei simultaneously during delay eyeblink conditioning in humans.

87 an acute stressful event enhances classical eyeblink conditioning in male rats, but severely impairs

88 e to an acute stressful event enhances trace eyeblink conditioning in male rats, even when rats begin

89 Acute stress exposure enhances classical eyeblink conditioning in male rats, whereas exposure to

90 Acute inescapable stress enhances classical eyeblink conditioning in male rats, whereas the same str

91 y over multiple days of cerebellum-dependent eyeblink conditioning in mice, that granule cell populat

92 climbing fibers during cerebellum-dependent eyeblink conditioning in mice.

93 The present study examined trace eyeblink conditioning in order to test the hypothesis th

94 with the conditioning response in classical eyeblink conditioning in patients.

95 rts the development of procedures to conduct eyeblink conditioning in preweanling lambs and demonstra

96 nt were studied on Pavlovian delay and trace eyeblink conditioning in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

97 the acquisition and performance of classical eyeblink conditioning in rabbits using a delay paradigm.

98 wo hallmark features of cerebellar-dependent eyeblink conditioning in rabbits: (1) gradual acquisitio

99 to show that the developmental emergence of eyeblink conditioning in rats is associated with the mat

100 retin, significantly enhances acquisition of eyeblink conditioning in rats.

101 relates of cross-modal transfer of pavlovian eyeblink conditioning in rats.

102 ed eyelid responses bilaterally during delay eyeblink conditioning in rats.

103 merge ontogenetically in parallel with delay eyeblink conditioning in rats.

104 factor contributing to the ontogeny of delay eyeblink conditioning in rats.

105 Eyeblink conditioning in restrained rabbits has served a

106 strain, Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats, to compare eyeblink conditioning in strains that are exclusively hy

107 In addition, classical eyeblink conditioning in transgenic mice and control lit

108 ngs with a 200-ms trace interval resulted in eyeblink conditioning in younger animals than previously

109 plasticity mechanisms may also contribute to eyeblink conditioning including LTP, excitability, and e

110 of the sensory input pathways necessary for eyeblink conditioning indicate that the cerebellum regul

111 Trace eyeblink conditioning is a Pavlovian conditioning task t

112 Pavlovian eyeblink conditioning is a useful model system for study

113 Rabbit eyeblink conditioning is a well characterized model of a

114 In mice, the role of the cerebellum in eyeblink conditioning is less clear and remains controve

115 standard model of the mechanisms underlying eyeblink conditioning is that there two synaptic plastic

116 Cerebellar learning during eyeblink conditioning is therefore a dynamic interactive

117 The temporal gap in trace eyeblink conditioning may be bridged by forebrain region

118 yeblink CR to equal levels, suggest that rat eyeblink conditioning may provide a useful behavioral mo

119 IO) is considered a crucial component of the eyeblink conditioning network.

120 (1 s, 500 ms, 250 ms) selected for classical eyeblink conditioning of behaving rabbits.

121 that the hippocampus is active during trace eyeblink conditioning or is differentially responsive to

122 terns in the region during blocks of a trace eyeblink conditioning paradigm performed in two environm

123 sker stimulation as a CS in the well studied eyeblink conditioning paradigm will facilitate character

124 Adult male rats were trained using the trace eyeblink conditioning paradigm, an associative learning

125 nisms are being systematically examined with eyeblink conditioning paradigms in nonprimate mammalian

126 onditional discrimination in trace and delay eyeblink conditioning paradigms was investigated.

127 A standard delay eyeblink conditioning procedure with four different inte

128 These methods will permit application of eyeblink conditioning procedures in the analysis of func

129 present study utilized previously determined eyeblink conditioning procedures that effectively decoup

130 the entire cerebellum simultaneously during eyeblink conditioning sessions.

131 We used a long-delay eyeblink conditioning task in which a tone conditioned s

132 strain, Wistar, were trained on a long-delay eyeblink conditioning task in which a tone conditioned s

133 hat learning the hippocampus-dependent trace eyeblink conditioning task induces enhanced inhibition o

134 week later with paired stimuli using a trace eyeblink conditioning task or exposed to the same number

135 locations was probed using a place-dependent eyeblink conditioning task.

136 visual detection by training mice on a novel eyeblink conditioning task.

137 e responsive to shock from an early age, but eyeblink conditioning to a tone-conditioned stimulus (co

138 ously from multiple tetrodes during auditory eyeblink conditioning to examine the relative timing of

139 (fMRI) in parallel with both delay and trace eyeblink conditioning to image the learning-related func

140 dy examined the role of cerebellar cortex in eyeblink conditioning under conditioned stimulus?uncondi

141 Eyeblink conditioning using a conditioned stimulus (CS)

142 f RN and pararubral neurons during classical eyeblink conditioning using a delay paradigm.

143 terpositus nucleus was lesioned bilaterally, eyeblink conditioning was completely prevented.

144 e of the perirhinal cortex in discriminative eyeblink conditioning was examined by means of feature-p

145 The amygdalar involvement in eyeblink conditioning was examined further by applying t

146 -ms CS, 500-ms trace interval, 1,250-ms ISI) eyeblink conditioning was examined in 5-month-old human

147 lus (CS) pathway that is necessary for delay eyeblink conditioning was investigated with induced lesi

148 rkinje cell degeneration, and standard delay eyeblink conditioning was performed in the conditional k

149 ecific effects, the acquisition of classical eyeblink conditioning was potentiated or depressed by th

150 In this study, classical eyeblink conditioning was used as a marker of cerebellar

151 hanisms underlying excitatory and inhibitory eyeblink conditioning were compared using muscimol inact

152 of both cerebellar cortex and AIP nucleus in eyeblink conditioning were seen.

153 Delay and trace eyeblink conditioning were tested in separate experiment

154 ats as young as 12 days old show associative eyeblink conditioning when pontine stimulation is used i

155 ncies is not required for differential delay eyeblink conditioning when simple conditioned stimuli ar

156 rebellum is involved in both delay and trace eyeblink conditioning whereas the hippocampus is critica

157 , all rats underwent 10 days of 350 ms delay eyeblink conditioning with a tone conditioned stimulus (

158 llowed by twenty 100-trial sessions of delay eyeblink conditioning with a tone CS and then five sessi

159 aminergic projections and retarded Pavlovian eyeblink conditioning with low-salient conditional stimu

160 ellum in establishing cross modal savings in eyeblink conditioning with rats.

161 ut to Purkinje cells, and a deficit in delay eyeblink conditioning, a cerebellum-dependent form of le

162 In Pavlovian eyeblink conditioning, a conditioned stimulus (CS) must

163 we provide evidence that the development of eyeblink conditioning, a form of associative learning th

164 vivo: VGF and the IEGs increased after trace eyeblink conditioning, a hippocampal-dependent learning

165 nces, we trained freely moving rats in trace eyeblink conditioning, a hippocampally dependent task in

166 We trained adult rabbits in trace eyeblink conditioning, a hippocampus-dependent nonspatia

167 roles of the cerebellar cortex and nuclei in eyeblink conditioning, a novel mouse model with Purkinje

168 Eyeblink conditioning, a type of associative motor learn

169 the acquisition rate of cerebellum-dependent eyeblink conditioning, a type of associative motor learn

170 granule-cell-specific CB1KOs exhibit normal eyeblink conditioning, and both global and granule-cell-

171 ve, which is a component of the circuitry of eyeblink conditioning, and is also essential for motor p

172 lts suggest that, even during a simple delay eyeblink conditioning, animals learn about different asp

173 ssful experiences include classical fear and eyeblink conditioning, as well as processes related to l

174 ppocampus plays a critical role during trace eyeblink conditioning, but there is no evidence to date

175 s, Pavlovian fear conditioning and Pavlovian eyeblink conditioning, by describing studies using mutan

176 In eyeblink conditioning, for instance, a subject learns to

177 ly and remotely acquired memory in rat trace eyeblink conditioning, in which a stimulus-free interval

178 verely impaired acquisition and retention of eyeblink conditioning, indicating that the amygdala cont

179 Trace eyeblink conditioning, like other hippocampus-dependent

180 We have shown that, in cerebellar-dependent eyeblink conditioning, male WKHAs emit eyeblink CRs with

181 BLA, respectively) was recorded during delay eyeblink conditioning, Pavlovian fear conditioning, and

182 and rabbits has been shown to support trace eyeblink conditioning, presumably by providing an input

183 , breast feeding, poison-avoidance learning, eyeblink conditioning, sexual conditioning, fear conditi

184 The tasks included: trace eyeblink conditioning, spontaneous alternation in the Y

185 In Pavlovian eyeblink conditioning, the conditioned response (CR) is

186 Like eyeblink conditioning, the DH is necessary for trace fea

187 Using rats trained in trace eyeblink conditioning, we examined how these two measure

188 the LEC had no effect on retrieval in delay eyeblink conditioning, where two stimuli were presented

189 stressful event did not exhibit facilitated eyeblink conditioning, whereas those infused with the ve

190 l, TRPC3 loss-of-function mice show impaired eyeblink conditioning, which is related to Z- modules, w

191 occur robustly in both eyelids of rats given eyeblink conditioning, which is similar to previous find

192 t, the BLA exhibited minimal activity during eyeblink conditioning, while demonstrating pronounced in

193 ained with a temporal learning task of trace eyeblink conditioning, while the other half were not tra

194 ge differences in cerebellum-dependent delay eyeblink conditioning, with 24-month mice showing impair

195 We find that in patDp/+ mice delay eyeblink conditioning--a form of cerebellum-dependent mo

196 n a cohort of rabbits before and after trace eyeblink conditioning.

197 ultaneous feature-negative discrimination in eyeblink conditioning.

198 ural substrates for standard delay classical eyeblink conditioning.

199 were behaviorally naive or trained on trace eyeblink conditioning.

200 underlie behavioral cross-modal transfer in eyeblink conditioning.

201 ex for its role in forebrain-dependent trace eyeblink conditioning.

202 mals were trained 24 hr later with classical eyeblink conditioning.

203 t been systematically demonstrated in rodent eyeblink conditioning.

204 rebellar learning was investigated using rat eyeblink conditioning.

205 ulus input to the cerebellum during auditory eyeblink conditioning.

206 T) and CaMKIV KO mice were tested with delay eyeblink conditioning.

207 neurons have been shown ex vivo, after trace eyeblink conditioning.

208 hich is consistent with the requirements for eyeblink conditioning.

209 bit a parallel pattern of timing deficits in eyeblink conditioning.

210 s (IpN) neurons over the course of Pavlovian eyeblink conditioning.

211 role in establishing cross modal savings of eyeblink conditioning.

212 hereas the hippocampus is critical for trace eyeblink conditioning.

213 in hippocampal neurons after learning trace eyeblink conditioning.

214 cy auditory CS pathway that is necessary for eyeblink conditioning.

215 s delay and half were tested in 500-ms trace eyeblink conditioning.

216 role, if any, of cerebellar cortex in trace eyeblink conditioning.

217 exhibited equivalent levels of differential eyeblink conditioning.

218 learning-specific cerebellar plasticity and eyeblink conditioning.

219 rtex (MC) and its possible role in classical eyeblink conditioning.

220 d reinforcement value, within the context of eyeblink conditioning.

221 ulus (CS-US) time intervals during classical eyeblink conditioning.

222 ff that served as the instructive signal for eyeblink conditioning.

223 in rat pups while they were trained on trace eyeblink conditioning.

224 memory retention for whisker-signaled trace eyeblink conditioning.

225 tructive stimuli during cerebellar-dependent eyeblink conditioning.

226 sis on old arguments and new perspectives on eyeblink conditioning.

227 memory, including cerebellum-dependent delay eyeblink conditioning.

228 ntation of temporal information in classical eyeblink conditioning.

229 d following performance on a place-dependent eyeblink-conditioning task.

230 a potent inhibitor of reflex and conditioned eyeblinks, controlling the release of newly acquired eye

231 cations of this apparent bilaterality of the eyeblink CR are discussed.

232 ifferentially favored the development of the eyeblink CR or the CER, prior to a shift of the US to th

233 However, in the trace eyeblink CR procedure, the hippocampus is also necessary

234 Ontogenetic changes in eyeblink CR timing may be related to developmental chang

235 etention, despite initial acquisition of the eyeblink CR to equal levels, suggest that rat eyeblink c

236 fter initial acquisition, the memory for the eyeblink CR was not expressed in either test.

237 ned emotional response (CER), as well as the eyeblink CR, is acquired during eyeblink conditioning an

238 ion, and in long-term retention of the trace eyeblink CR, using muscimol infusion to reversibly inact

239 However, reinstatement of extinguished eyeblink CRs has never been demonstrated, and spontaneou

240 ed, and spontaneous recovery of extinguished eyeblink CRs has not been systematically demonstrated in

241 pends largely on the specific development of eyeblink CRs rather than the CER.

242 ndent eyeblink conditioning, male WKHAs emit eyeblink CRs with shortened onset latencies.

243 covery but not reinstatement of extinguished eyeblink CRs.

244 Rabbits were given concurrent training in eyeblink (EB) and jaw movement (JM) conditioning in whic

245 yctolagus cuniculus) were trained on a trace eyeblink (EB) conditioning task to a criterion of 10 con

246 Rabbits were trained on trace eyeblink (EB) conditioning until they reached a criterio

247 The conditioned eyeblink (EB) response was studied with trace conditioni

248 Eyeblink electromyography in normal adults was recorded

249 ct gaze of the stimulus monkeys, also showed eyeblink entrainment, a temporal coordination of blinkin

250 facilitated the expression of unconditioned eyeblinks evoked by trigeminal stimulation.

251 letely blocked the expression of conditional eyeblink facilitation and significantly attenuated the e

252 Discriminant analysis found eyeblink facilitation to be comparable to freezing in pr

253 C or pons manipulations for studies of trace eyeblink in each species are discussed.

254 ured using electromyograph recordings of the eyeblink muscle.

255 We monitored the eyeblinks of four male adult macaques while they watched

256 e acoustic startle probes were presented and eyeblinks (orbicularis occuli) recorded.

257 bnormalities in the mechanics of the startle eyeblink per se.

258 entify specific neurons that are part of the eyeblink premotor pathway, a retrograde transsynaptic tr

259 These results identify a complete eyeblink premotor pathway, deep cerebellar interconnecti

260 we report that a simple behavioral measure, eyeblink rate, reveals novel and crucial links between n

261 iative and non-associative components of the eyeblink reflex, and that behavioral effects of blocking

262 otor learning, classical conditioning of the eyeblink reflex, depends on the cerebellum and interconn

263 timing during classical conditioning of the eyeblink reflex.

264 the short-latency (Rl) component of the rat eyeblink reflex.

265 ical consequence of subchronic THC intake on eyeblink reflexes, a fundamental neuronal adaptive respo

266 The conditioned eyeblink response (CR) in rabbits is lateralized to the

267 frequency and topography of the conditioned eyeblink response (CR) were impaired in EtOH rats relati

268 Following conditioning, the unconditioned eyeblink response (UR) was analyzed in subsets of rats f

269 essential for classical conditioning of the eyeblink response and other discrete motor responses (e.

270 Both sexes learned to emit the conditioned eyeblink response during the trace interval.

271 Retention of the classically conditioned eyeblink response in rats was tested with a conditioned

272 Classical conditioning of the eyeblink response is a form of motor learning that is co

273 ing to adapt the timing of their conditioned eyeblink response to a 150- or 350-ms change in the timi

274 ver a 70-dBA noise background as well as the eyeblink response to startling 115-dBA pulses in 15 schi

275 romyographic (EMG) measures were made of the eyeblink response to stimuli 2-16 dB over a 70-dBA noise

276 In delay classical conditioning of the eyeblink response, the cerebellum is necessary for acqui

277 minished emotional modulation of the startle eyeblink response.

278 Acquisition of classically conditioned eyeblink responses (CRs) in the rabbit critically depend

279 n the acquisition of classically conditioned eyeblink responses (CRs).

280 reduced baseline acquisition of conditioned eyeblink responses and normal blink reflex recovery cycl

281 Some rat pups showed conditioned eyeblink responses as early as P12, and by P18, conditio

282 significantly reduced number of conditioned eyeblink responses before alcohol administration compare

283 between the groups in terms of the number of eyeblink responses elicited by the tone.

284 Classical conditioning of eyeblink responses has been one of the most important mo

285 clei during early acquisition of conditioned eyeblink responses in 20 healthy human subjects.

286 ontroversies whether learning of conditioned eyeblink responses primarily takes place within the cere

287 sensory stimulation in the untrained rabbit, eyeblink responses were generated.

288 rs the acquisition and timing of conditioned eyeblink responses, but with repeated training adults wi

289 were binaurally presented to elicit startle eyeblink responses, measured from electrodes over the or

290 or disconnection alone generated significant eyeblink responses.

291 rns that highly correlated with and preceded eyeblink responses.

292 ic neurons responsible for the generation of eyeblink responses.

293 The present study examined the eyeblink startle responses to acoustic stimuli of 59 hea

294 ative emotion has been shown to affect human eyeblink startle responses, but whether these results de

295 , which trigger adaptively timed conditioned eyeblinks, suppress the unconditional stimulus (US) sign

296 s form of associative learning in the rabbit eyeblink system requires extra-cerebellar learning and/o

297 Successful acquisition of the trace eyeblink task, however, increased persistent firing abil

298 rabbits were trained to acquire conditioned eyeblinks to a mild vibrissal airpuff as the conditioned

299 s examined on a moment-by-moment basis as in eyeblink trace conditioning studies.

300 Acquisition of whisker-trace-eyeblink (WTEB) conditioning, a forebrain-dependent trac