ライフサイエンスコーパス: fast food

1 od) by eating location (home, restaurant, or fast food).

2 d any intake of sugar-sweetened beverages or fast food).

3 (eg, vending machines) or other sources (eg, fast food).

4 e of corn as an ingredient in national chain fast food.

5 re increasingly being added to processed and fast foods.

6 consumption by adolescents of trans fat and fast foods.

7 .7), for highest vs lowest quartile], eating fast food [0.5% (0.2-0.7) per meal/wk], eating when feel

8 Half of US children consumed fast food: 39.5% low-consumers (</=30% of energy from fa

9 77, 95% CI 0.63-0.94, p=0.01), and fried and fast food (adjusted OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.59-0.89, p=0.002)

10 Fast-food ads that aired nationally in 2010-2011 (n = 53

11 rs) was shown depictions of healthy foods in fast-food advertisements that aired from July 1, 2010, t

12 Fast-food advertising receptivity was not associated wit

13 Cues associated with food, such as fast-food advertising, can provoke food cravings and may

14 also associated with a higher consumption of fast food (all P < 0.05).

15 ted with greater weight loss than decreasing fast-food alone (both: beta = -1.65; 95% CI: -1.82, -1.3

16 f the extent of the increased effects of the fast food and bottled soft drink industries on this nutr

17 On average, the fast food and fruit drinks cluster and fruit, vegetable,

18 Subjects in the fast food and fruit drinks pattern had the lowest fiber

19 observed 3 dietary patterns: juice and soda; fast food and fruit drinks; and fruit, vegetable, and lo

20 etary protein food clusters were identified: fast food and full-fat dairy, fish, red meat, chicken, l

21 es to study the independent contributions of fast food and grocery store access, income and education

22 nt breakfast and family meals, less frequent fast food and meals during television viewing, and short

23 jor dietary patterns were "Western" (high in fast food and meat) and "health-conscious" (high in frui

24 However, if fast food and obesity are causally related, the question

25 gender expression only), and consumption of fast food and soda (adolescent gender expression only) i

26 fruits and vegetables, lower consumption of fast food and soda, and lower likelihood of being affect

27 consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables, fast food and soda, as well as body-mass index status in

28 tary patterns, only greater adherence to the Fast Food and Sweetened Beverages (FFSB) pattern was ass

29 er findings implicate regular consumption of fast food and sweetened drinks as risk factors, as well

30 Interventions that reduce exposure to fast food and/or promote individual behavior change may

31 y associated with asthma, and consumption of fast foods and fried meats were associated with allergy.

32 to high consumption of coconut-based dishes, fast foods and snacks, rice dishes, fat spread, seasonin

33 have increased, so has their consumption of fast foods and soft drinks.

34 d availability and marketing of packaged and fast foods and sugar-sweetened drinks.

35 d swamp score was calculated as the ratio of fast-food and convenience stores to grocery stores and f

36 Prevention Study-3, self-reported weight and fast-food and full-service consumption from 2015 and 201

37 Moreover, decreasing both fast-food and full-service meal consumption was associat

38 Decreased consumption of fast-food and full-service meals over 3 y, particularly

39 Fast-food and full-service restaurant consumption is ass

40 Fast-food and full-service restaurant consumption, respe

41 Decreased consumption of both fast-food and full-service restaurant meals was associat

42 in Homescan and NHANES, "ready-to-eat meals/fast-food" and "prudent/snacks/LCS desserts" patterns in

43 : 39.5% low-consumers (</=30% of energy from fast food) and 10.5% high-consumers (>30% of energy).

44 rived fat intake (percent of TEI from fat in fast food); and c) fast food intake by food group (dairy

45 kes of regular cheese, red meat, fried food, fast food, and fat (P < 0.05) than were Caucasians (n =

46 cessed meat; and avoidance of sugary drinks, fast food, and food rich in animal fat versus usual care

47 tus, intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and fast food, and having a television in the bedroom).

48 rocessed foods, especially restaurant meals, fast foods, and convenience foods.

49 , French fries, burgers, pizzas, and Mexican fast foods] and energy intake (kcal) at eating occasions

50 rated fat, sugar and salt from processed and fast foods are a major cause of chronic disease worldwid

51 who consume large amounts of soft drinks and fast foods are not compensated for by increased physical

52 Similarly, higher consumption of fast food at year 7 was associated with a 0.16-unit high

53 upons as incentives; event sponsorships; and fast food available to students.

54 e [percent of total energy intake (TEI) from fast food]; b) fast food-derived fat intake (percent of

55 Another six lean subjects underwent fast-food-based hyperalimentation for 4 weeks (weight ga

56 0.01, 0.39) and of both restaurant food and fast food (beta: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.51) were positive

57 gained less weight than high consumers (low fast-food: beta = -1.08; 95% CI: -1.22, -0.93; low full-

58 l behaviors (eg, more sedentary time, eating fast food, binge eating, eating continuously, not weighi

59 Cross-sectionally, fast food, but not restaurant food, consumption was posi

60 e observed weaker associations for access to fast food, but these are likely to be underestimated owi

61 less likely to compensate for the energy in fast food, by adjusting energy intake throughout the day

62 terns with common high positive loadings for fast food, carbonated drinks, salty snacks, and solid fa

63 etary pattern had high positive loadings for fast foods, carbonated drinks, and refined grains, and h

64 r from a catering premises other than from a fast-food chain A (a national chain) and consumption of

65 thorough cooking of burgers by one national fast-food chain differed from the other catering premise

66 ase in the trans fat content of purchases at fast-food chains, without a commensurate increase in sat

67 he nutrient values of meals offered by major fast food companies with restaurants in Houston, TX, wit

68 ce 2009, quick-service restaurant chains, or fast-food companies, have agreed to depict healthy foods

69 Outside the fast food restaurant, fast food consumers ate Western diets, which might have

70 Recent fast food consumption and bisphenol A and phthalates exp

71 sion models examined the association between fast food consumption and dietary pattern for the remain

72 h overweight/obesity or dietary outcomes for fast food consumption compared with dietary pattern for

73 Although fast food consumption has been linked to adverse health

74 Fast food consumption has increased greatly among childr

75 eight/obesity and poor dietary outcomes than fast food consumption itself.

76 Our findings suggest that fast food consumption may be a source of butylbenzyl pht

77 sity (beta: 5.9; 95% CI: 1.3, 10.5), whereas fast food consumption was not, and the remainder of diet

78 pare the associations of restaurant food and fast food consumption with current and 3-y changes in BM

79 (AMH), hair growth, menstrual irregularity, fast food consumption, pimples, and hair loss, levels.

80 associations with poor total intake than did fast food consumption.

81 (n = 5,633; aged 45-84 years) reported usual fast-food consumption (never, <1 time/week, or > or =1 t

82 ood outlet exposure amplified differences in fast-food consumption across levels of education.

83 Fast-food consumption and BMI were significantly differe

84 models were used to examine associations of fast-food consumption and diet; fast-food exposure and c

85 Results show that fast-food consumption and neighborhood fast-food exposur

86 was to test whether observed differences in fast-food consumption and obesity by fast-food outlet ex

87 Fast-food consumption has increased greatly in the USA d

88 Fast-food consumption has strong positive associations w

89 Fast-food consumption increased intake of total fat (7.0

90 ke, daily soft drink consumption, and weekly fast-food consumption was 37.0%, 28.5%, 50.0%, and 57.4%

91 Greater fast-food consumption, BMI, and odds of obesity were ass

92 The authors examined associations among fast-food consumption, diet, and neighborhood fast-food

93 were used to characterize physical activity, fast-food consumption, smoking, alcohol consumption, mar

94 Nowadays, due to the rise of fast-food consumption, the metabolic diseases are increa

95 daily consumption of soft drinks, and weekly fast-food consumption.

96 Western-style fast food contributes to a dietary pattern portending po

97 s, UPF food environments, UPF manufacturers, fast-food corporations, and supermarket corporations ret

98 more total energy on fast food days than non-fast food days (2703 [226] vs 2295 [162] kcal/d; +409 [1

99 consumed significantly more total energy on fast food days than non-fast food days (2703 [226] vs 22

100 otal energy intake (TEI) from fast food]; b) fast food-derived fat intake (percent of TEI from fat in

101 Fast food-derived fat intake was also positively associa

102 We used a fast food diet (FFD) and a CCl4 micro dose (0.5 ml/kg B.

103 ses (NOXs) were studied in young/old mice on fast food diet (FFD).

104 C57BL6/J mice were fed a chow diet or a fast-food diet (FFD) with or without EGFR inhibitor (can

105 ssed in mice maintained on a chow diet and a fast-food diet (FFD), a model for NAFLD.

106 systemic metabolic dysfunction induced by a fast-food diet (FFD).

107 se tissue of subjects gaining weight after a fast-food diet.

108 d trans-fats, two components of the Western 'fast-food' diet, have unique metabolic effects that sugg

109 ises of why some children who frequently eat fast food do not become overweight.

110 Photographs of international fast food, domestic Japanese food, or kitchen tools were

111 ans spend >100 billion dollars on restaurant fast food each year; fast food meals comprise a dispropo

112 take of relatively inexpensive processed and fast foods enriched with highly absorbable phosphorus ad

113 letes and couch potatoes, spinach eaters and fast food enthusiasts.

114 with greatest increases for food consumed at fast food establishments and in the home.

115 ource, with the largest portions consumed at fast food establishments and the smallest at other resta

116 ociations of fast-food consumption and diet; fast-food exposure and consumption near home; and fast-f

117 food exposure and consumption near home; and fast-food exposure and diet adjusted for site, age, sex,

118 that fast-food consumption and neighborhood fast-food exposure are associated with poorer diet.

119 ast-food consumption, diet, and neighborhood fast-food exposure by using 2000-2002 Multi-Ethnic Study

120 Neighborhood fast-food exposure was measured by densities of fast-foo

121 For every standard deviation increase in fast-food exposure, the odds of consuming fast food near

122 at food cravings for carbohydrates/starches, fast food fats, and sweets; cravings, prospective consum

123 ising is a major contributor to obesity, and fast food (FF) restaurants are top advertisers.

124 iver fibrosis by high cholesterol-containing fast-food (FF).

125 ry stores (food deserts) or higher access to fast food (food swamps) reduces healthy food access and

126 nutrient content of purchased meals after a fast food franchise began labeling in April 2017, prior

127 data from 104 restaurants that are part of a fast food franchise for 3 national chains in 3 US states

128 Change in fast-food frequency over 15 years was directly associate

129 r adjustment for lifestyle factors, baseline fast-food frequency was directly associated with changes

130 Fast-food frequency was lowest for white women (about 1.

131 of frequency of fast-food restaurant visits (fast-food frequency) at baseline and follow-up with 15-y

132 consumed with the television off, less soda, fast food, fruit, and vegetables were consumed with the

133 Associations between meat, fast-food, fruit soup/rice patterns and CRC risk were mo

134 deprived areas may have greater exposure to fast food, gambling and alcohol advertisements, which ma

135 of having a healthy diet versus those eating fast food > or =1 times/week, depending on the dietary m

136 fast-food intake, with participants who ate fast food >=3x/wk having an OR of MAFLD = 5.18 (95% CI:

137 investigate the association between reported fast-food habits and changes in bodyweight and insulin r

138 Those never eating fast food had a 2-3-times higher odds of having a health

139 ts with high consumption (>/= 34.9% TEI from fast food) had 23.8% (95% CI: 11.9%, 36.9%) and 39.0% (9

140 ittermate controls were aged and fed chow or fast-food (high-fat and high-fructose) diet.

141 er access to grocery stores, lower access to fast food, higher income and college education are indep

142 including socioeconomic status and access to fast food in the community.

143 gain and insulin resistance, suggesting that fast food increases the risk of obesity and type 2 diabe

144 24-hr dietary recall data, we quantified: a) fast food intake [percent of total energy intake (TEI) f

145 positive, dose-response relationship between fast food intake and exposure to phthalates (p-trend < 0

146 ercent of TEI from fat in fast food); and c) fast food intake by food group (dairy, eggs, grains, mea

147 Western-style fast food intake is associated with increased risk of de

148 ependent associations of restaurant food and fast food intake with body mass index (BMI) and BMI chan

149 We examined the association of Western-style fast food intake with risk of incident type 2 diabetes m

150 breastfeeding status, physical activity, and fast food intake.

151 for an increase in both restaurant food and fast food intake.

152 re higher levels of IMAT and SAT with higher fast-food intake (P-trend = 0.003, 0.0002, respectively)

153 Decreased fast-food intake during the study period (e.g., from hig

154 With higher average fast-food intake over 25 y (categorized as follows: neve

155 LD in middle age according to higher average fast-food intake over the preceding 25 y.

156 e (MAFLD) in middle age according to average fast-food intake over the preceding 25 y.

157 r 25 exam according to categories of average fast-food intake over the previous 25 y adjusted for soc

158 having MAFLD at year 25 with higher average fast-food intake, with participants who ate fast food >=

159 differential effects of restaurant food and fast food intakes on BMI, although the observed differen

160 Fast food is hypothesized to contribute to IAAT patterns

161 relatively frequent intake of Western-style fast food items (>/=2 times per week) had an increased r

162 ealth outcomes, the relative contribution of fast food itself compared with the rest of the diet to t

163 he remainder of intake was more likely among fast food low-consumers (OR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.24, 1.85) a

164 agriculture within virtually every aspect of fast food manufacture.

165 Fast food may be a source of exposure to DEHP and DiNP.

166 n study 1, mean (SEM) energy intake from the fast food meal among all participants was extremely larg

167 d eaten (study 1) or in 15 sizes of the same fast-food meal (study 2).

168 h a greater weight loss than decreasing only fast-food meal consumption.

169 sked to estimate the number of calories in a fast-food meal they had ordered and eaten (study 1) or i

170 adults estimated the number of calories of a fast-food meal they had ordered and eaten (study 1) or o

171 ases in mean calorie and nutrient content of fast food meals 2 years after franchise labeling and nea

172 n dollars on restaurant fast food each year; fast food meals comprise a disproportionate amount of bo

173 We assessed the nutrient quality of fast food meals marketed to young children, ie, "kids me

174 hey had ordered and eaten (study 1) or of 15 fast-food meals that were chosen by the experimenter (st

175 Limitations: These studies examined fast-food meals.

176 ds; n = 1778) and Western (higher intakes of fast food, meat and poultry, pizza, and snacks; n = 2383

177 ults demonstrate that CYP2E1 is important in fast food-mediated liver fibrosis by promoting nitroxida

178 Participants were shown a fast food menu and prompted to select 1 item they would

179 t [KO]) and their wild-type littermates to a fast food-mimicking, high-fat high-sucrose diet and prof

180 They had a higher BMI (P < .0005), ate fast food more often (P = .049), and exercised less (P =

181 Japanese participants detected fast food more rapidly than Japanese food, whereas Polis

182 in fast-food exposure, the odds of consuming fast food near home increased 11%-61% and the odds of a

183 addition, compared with participants who ate fast food never-1x/mo, there were monotonic higher odds

184 rs were 2-5 times more likely to consume the fast-food [odds ratio (OR:= 2.76; 95 % CI: 1.82, 4.18) o

185 However, the effect of fast food on risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes has rec

186 y-from-home eating, increased consumption of fast food only (beta: 0.20; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.39) and of b

187 e (both: beta = -1.65; 95% CI: -1.82, -1.37; fast-food only: beta = -0.95; 95% CI: -1.12, -0.79; P <

188 udy examined whether consistent and changing fast-food or full-service consumption was associated wit

189 Individuals who made no changes to their fast-food or full-service intake over the study period g

190 verage American consumes 3 meals weekly from fast-food or full-service restaurants, which contain mor

191 its; posters/advertisements for soft drinks, fast food, or candy; use of food coupons as incentives;

192 ent across education groups at all levels of fast-food outlet exposure (P < 0.05).

193 High fast-food outlet exposure amplified differences in fast-

194 odds of obesity were associated with greater fast-food outlet exposure and a lower educational level.

195 The relation between fast-food outlet exposure and obesity was only significa

196 nces in fast-food consumption and obesity by fast-food outlet exposure are moderated by educational a

197 e additive interaction between education and fast-food outlet exposure.

198 diets and health through neighborhood-level fast-food outlet regulation might be effective across so

199 r intervening on food environments to reduce fast-food outlet visits.

200 Living further from a fast-food outlet was weakly associated with waist circum

201 d with people living fewer than 500 m from a fast-food outlet, those living at least 2000 m away had

202 We find that a 10% increase in exposure to fast food outlets in mobile environments increases indiv

203 that children consumed from restaurants and fast food outlets increased by nearly 300% between 1977

204 low-quality food environments saturated with fast food outlets is hypothesized to negatively impact d

205 supermarkets; 1.43 for bars; 1.44 times for fast food outlets).

206 ronments, particularly for pubs and bars and fast-food outlets (P<0.05 for both proximity and density

207 fluences of the availability of neighborhood fast-food outlets and individual unhealthy eating behavi

208 Greater exposures to fast-food outlets and lower levels of education are inde

209 e examined whether neighbourhood exposure to fast-food outlets and physical activity facilities were

210 Our results suggest that the exposure to fast-food outlets may have a detrimental impact on the r

211 ed that neighborhoods with a high density of fast-food outlets were associated with increases of 1.40

212 hysical activity facilities and proximity to fast-food outlets were associated with waist circumferen

213 ants, bakeries, takeaway, deli counters, and fast-food outlets) and targets the audience of individua

214 t-food exposure was measured by densities of fast-food outlets, participant report, and informant rep

215 pubs or bars, restaurants or cafeterias, and fast-food outlets, were individually measured as both pr

216 and food-contact materials (FCMs), including fast food packaging and microwave popcorn bags.

217 Among the 4 dietary patterns identified, the fast-food pattern (36 %) was the most common, followed b

218 By contrast, the plant-based (38 %) and fast-food patterns (29 %) were prevalent in controls.

219 Consumption of meals from fast food/pizza restaurants and other restaurants was ge

220 1.14, 1.12-1.17), and weekly consumption of fast food (pooled aOR = 1.12, 1.09-1.15).

221 During the fat tax implementation, Kerala's fast food purchase ratio decreased by 3.9 percentage poi

222 After the fat tax was nullified, the fast food purchase ratio reduced by 5.6 percentage point

223 Changes in the fast food purchase ratio were estimated in Kerala across

224 The main outcome was the fast food purchase ratio, defined as the proportion of f

225 is sample at the account-year-month level of fast food purchases in Kerala state and 9 major cities i

226 purchase ratio, defined as the proportion of fast food purchases of the total food purchases.

227 The association between the fat tax and fast food purchases was examined using the difference-in

228 the Kerala fat tax was associated with fewer fast food purchases.

229 LCS dessert pattern and a ready-to-eat meals/fast-food purchasing pattern.

230 The "western" dietary pattern containing fast food, refined grains, liquid oil, pickles, high-fat

231 In this study, adolescents overconsumed fast food regardless of body weight, although this pheno

232 is identified 2 dietary patterns for the non-fast food remainder of intake: Western (50.3%) and Prude

233 Fast food represented a higher proportion of food ads on

234 in a neighborhood increased by 1% for every fast food restaurant (relative risk, 1.01; 95% confidenc

235 whether the associations between franchised fast food restaurant or convenience store density near s

236 Outside the fast food restaurant, fast food consumers ate Western di

237 esided in Virginia and worked as a cook in a fast food restaurant, was diagnosed with giardiasis.

238 Fast food restaurant-fried potato chip serving (FFRPCS)

239 ogs (MOR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.1-4.4); eating at a fast-food restaurant (MOR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.1-4.6); drinki

240 formation in the summer of 2018 with another fast-food restaurant A (FFRA - control group) that began

241 ghborhood built environment characteristics (fast-food restaurant density, walkability) and individua

242 ants with infrequent (less than once a week) fast-food restaurant use at baseline and follow-up (n=20

243 investigate the association of frequency of fast-food restaurant visits (fast-food frequency) at bas

244 ach 1-km increase in distance to the closest fast-food restaurant was associated with a 0.11-unit dec

245 stigate relationships between consumption of fast food, restaurant food, food eaten at home, and micr

246 there was a significant association between fast food restaurants and stroke risk in neighborhoods i

247 study the association between the number of fast food restaurants in the neighborhood, using a 1-mil

248 Exposure of children to kids meals at fast food restaurants is high; however, the nutrient qua

249 ased from 68 (67%) of the 101 national chain fast food restaurants on Oahu (i.e., McDonald's, Burger

250 The median number of fast food restaurants per census tract including buffer

251 children in schools with 1 or more versus 0 fast food restaurants was 1.02 (95% confidence interval

252 o the 25th percentile of the distribution of fast food restaurants was 1.13 (95% CI, 1.02-1.25).

253 Using a standard definition, fast food restaurants were identified from a commercial

254 ood demographics and SES, the association of fast food restaurants with stroke was significant (p = 0

255 ce establishments, 64.7% were purchased from fast food restaurants, 28.2% from other restaurants, and

256 e food stores (>2.5 unfavorable food stores [fast food restaurants, convenience stores] within 1 mile

257 gher, median household income, the number of fast food restaurants, distance to hospitals, and distan

258 from January 2000 through June 2003 and 262 fast food restaurants.

259 itives when purchasing groceries or visiting fast food restaurants.

260 A higher share of fast-food restaurants (FFR) was associated with a 9.21 m

261 1.57; 95% CI, 1.22-2.01), and more versus no fast-food restaurants (OR = 1.50; 95% CI, 1.21-1.84).

262 g in neighborhoods with a greater density of fast-food restaurants (relative risk ratio comparing hig

263 nt with other neighborhood stressors and for fast-food restaurants after additional adjustment with i

264 Associations remained for nSES and fast-food restaurants after coadjustment with other neig

265 find a consistent relation between access to fast-food restaurants and individual BMI, necessitating

266 Five-year mean counts of fast-food restaurants and supermarkets relative to other

267 frequent (more than twice a week) visits to fast-food restaurants at baseline and follow-up (n=87) g

268 s in transaction-level energy purchases at 2 fast-food restaurants B and C (FFRB and FFRC - treatment

269 ent food sales data from purchases made at 3 fast-food restaurants during the 2017/2018 and 2018/2019

270 ference (P<0.05) among residents who visited fast-food restaurants frequently.

271 Study 1 was a field study conducted in fast-food restaurants in 3 medium-sized midwestern U.S.

272 d rural communities, whereas restrictions on fast-food restaurants may help in all community types.

273 Fast-food restaurants that were included may not be repr

274 The relative density of fast-food restaurants was positively associated with a m

275 ation eating away from home (particularly at fast-food restaurants), larger portion sizes of foods an

276 diversity and improved stool quality, while fast food-rich diets show opposite effects.

277 restaurant type of FSE as compared to chain fast-food services, and institutional caterers.

278 ons on consumption of fruits and vegetables, fast foods, soft drinks/fruit juices, and fried/microwav

279 were characterized by higher consumption of fast food, sweetened beverages, grains, unhealthy oils,

280 reased intakes of sugar-sweetened beverages, fast food, sweets, and salty snacks (range: 0.02-0.06 se

281 lk, juice, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), fast food, sweets, and salty snacks in the past week.

282 ruit, vegetables, milk) and unhealthy (SSBs, fast food, sweets, salty snacks) diet scores.

283 d on screens [ie, sugar-sweetened beverages, fast food, sweets, salty snacks, and the sum of these fo

284 Fast food tends to promote a positive energy balance and

285 ed their weekly consumption of restaurant or fast food, though mean (+/-SD) changes were -0.16 +/- 2.

286 under free-living conditions for 2 days when fast food was consumed and 2 days when it was not consum

287 ncreased soda intake was twice as large when fast food was consumed away from home than at home.

288 s, nonsignificant larger portions of Mexican fast foods were related to higher energy intakes at meal

289 ea were 2-3 times more likely to consume the fast-food, Western contemporary, or animal-based diet.

290 physical inactivity were associated with the fast-food, Western contemporary, or animal-based pattern