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1 glycerols) and Peruvian morwong (most EPA as free fatty acid).
2 mpanied by the increase of phospholipids and free fatty acids.
3 l metabolites and increased levels of plasma free fatty acids.
4 neutral lipids, cholesterol, ceramides, and free fatty acids.
5 inantly triacylglycerols, sterol esters, and free fatty acids.
6 ction profiles but shared elevated levels of free fatty acids.
7 epatic uptake of adipose-derived circulating free fatty acids.
8 tabolites in muscle and elevated circulating free fatty acids.
9 despite normal insulin suppression of plasma free fatty acids.
10 the hydrolysis of TGs to diacylglycerols and free fatty acids.
11 y hydrolyses glycerophospholipids to release free fatty acids.
12 as a control group with elevated circulating free fatty acids.
13 eling indicated that these cells accumulated free fatty acids.
14 ns and increased circulating levels of total free fatty acids.
15 , lipid oxidation products, antioxidants and free fatty acids.
16 oximately eightfold basal) while suppressing free fatty acids.
17 or of their actions is the G protein-coupled free fatty acid 2 (FFA2) receptor, and this has been sug
19 ssue (VAT), intrahepatic lipid (IHL), plasma free fatty acids, adipose cell diameter, and percentage
22 Culturing renal proximal tubular cells with free fatty acid and FXR agonists showed that FXR activat
23 isted aqueous process had a lower content of free fatty acid and lower color imparting components tha
25 on, and growth hormone levels increased, and free fatty acids and 3-hydroxybutyrate concentrations an
27 onged to the classes of carbohydrates, while free fatty acids and amino acids, among which precursors
28 ted hepatic triglycerides, attenuated plasma free fatty acids and attenuated lipoprotein lipase activ
29 ations in glucose metabolism, divergences in free fatty acids and carnitine conjugated lipid levels,
31 cium (Ca(2+)) depletion induced by saturated free fatty acids and cytokines causes beta-cell ER stres
33 howed slightly higher or similar hydrolysis (free fatty acids and diacylglycerols), similar primary (
35 inflammation markers, as well as individual free fatty acids and free amino acids, were measured in
36 hondrial dysfunction; however, the impact of free fatty acids and glucose on mitochondrial traffickin
37 lipases are added to transform the fat into free fatty acids and glycerol, which elute at the end of
39 idylcholine (PC) results in the formation of free fatty acids and glycerophosphocholine (GPC) in the
42 to ambient UFP (diameter < 180 nm) increased free fatty acids and lipid metabolites in the mouse smal
44 ugh generation of small neoantigens, such as free fatty acids and lysophospholipids, from common phos
51 ilic molecules are observed in obesity (e.g. free fatty acids and phosphatidic acid) and plastics exp
52 els of cytotoxic lipid intermediates such as free fatty acids and phosphatidic acid, suggesting a buf
54 ase and showed the highest concentrations of free fatty acids and reactive carbonyl compounds in the
55 mediates stemming from exposure to saturated free fatty acids and rescues hepatocytes from death.
57 ntermediate or high vapor pressures, such as free fatty acids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SV
60 actions: polar lipids (PL), diacylglycerols, free fatty acids and triacylglycerols (TAG) using thin l
61 oups and decreased the circulating levels of free fatty acids and triglycerides in the HFD-FBX4w anim
64 , pyrimidines, phospholipids, sphingolipids, free fatty acids, and glycerolipids) which were mapped t
65 ized triglyceride monomers, diglycerides and free fatty acids, and induction period based on Rancimat
68 lesterol, cholesterol esters, triglycerides, free fatty acids, and phosphatidylcholine, which is bloc
69 hepatocyte death upon exposure to saturated free fatty acids, and secretion of both IL-8 and TNFalph
70 increase in fasting plasma LDL cholesterol, free fatty acids, and total ketone bodies by 25, 49, and
71 d acid lipase expression and accumulation of free fatty acids are also present in a Pex19-deficient p
73 the fact that both diacylglycerol (DAG) and free fatty acids are not interdependent after mild refin
74 f4)-induced lipotoxicity and accumulation of free fatty acids as the cause for mitochondrial damage i
75 of different lipids has been identified and free fatty acids as well as free cholesterol have been i
76 steatosis (i.e., high glucose, insulin, and free fatty acids), as well as drug-induced steatosis (i.
77 nalyses indicate that TAG lipolysis releases free fatty acids at a time that correlates well with mei
78 d is stimulated by exposure to nonesterified free fatty acids at concentrations observed in obese sub
79 nificantly different between groups included free fatty acids, bile acids, and amino acid metabolites
81 -L-methionine (SAM) dependent methylation of free fatty acids, but FAME production by this route has
82 e tissue insulin sensitivity (suppression of free fatty acids by insulin) showed a continuous worseni
84 , there were marked elevations in myocardial free fatty acids, ceramides and diacylglycerols, consist
88 with remarkably less oxidation products and free fatty acids compared with acid pH-shift process or
89 ctor, and the ability of the lipase to alter free fatty acid composition and sensory characteristics
90 Maternal EGP per unit insulin and plasma free fatty acid concentration during hyperinsulinemia mo
91 dams also had lower serum glucose and higher free fatty acid concentrations than controls on GD 21.
92 content of the seed reduced by 22% while its free fatty acid content increased by 4.3 folds after 10
95 m ions in the intestinal fluid decreased the free fatty acids content and decreased the bioaccessibil
97 es in NAD(+), arginine, saturated long chain free fatty acids, diacylglycerides, triacylglycerides, a
101 to their coenzyme A derivatives, accumulates free fatty acids during the stationary phase of growth.
104 l that the coexistence of hypoxia along with free fatty acids exacerbates macrophage-mediated inflamm
105 h and inflammatory responses after saturated free fatty acid exposure by activating NF-kappaB through
106 esterification of vanillyl alcohol (VA) with free fatty acids (FA) and coconut oil (CO) as acyl donor
108 bic glycolysis while reducing utilization of free fatty acid (FFA) and branched-chain amino acid (BCA
109 (TG) levels and HOMA-IR and positively with free fatty acid (FFA) and HDL after control for age and
110 release, triglyceride and glycogen contents, free fatty acid (FFA) content and release, and cholester
111 fatty acid and triacylglycerol composition, free fatty acid (FFA) content, peroxide index, thermal p
112 cycle were analyzed for 3-MCPD esters, GEs, free fatty acid (FFA) contents, specific extinction at 2
113 nistration significantly reduced insulin and free fatty acid (FFA) levels (P < 0.001) and ameliorated
114 increased adipose lipolysis, elevated plasma free fatty acid (FFA) levels, and impaired insulin signa
117 cell function and dysfunction in a model of free fatty acid (FFA) palmitate-induced oxidative stress
118 of biologic responses through members of the free fatty acid (FFA) receptor family, which includes FF
120 , finding several triacylglyceride (TAG) and free fatty acid (FFA) species to be significantly increa
121 Here, we present a novel near-infrared (NIR) free fatty acid (FFA) tracer suitable for in vivo imagin
123 p4 and Fabp5 (Fabp4/Fabp5) impairs exogenous free fatty acid (FFA) uptake by CD8(+) TRM cells and gre
126 hox activation of calpain-1 degrades Erk5 in free fatty acid (FFA)-stressed cardiomyocytes, whereas t
128 ated lipid levels in the form of circulating free fatty acids (FFA) also have toxic effects, and that
129 ocytes, spleen and thymus weights, increased free fatty acids (FFA) and produced hyperglycemia and gl
130 centration of triacylglycerols, DAG, MAG and free fatty acids (FFA) and the concentration of saturate
131 s, combined with in vitro assays, identified free fatty acids (FFA) as circulating plasma factors tha
133 ucted: (i) fish oil extraction, (ii) Omega-3 free fatty acids (FFA) concentration (low temperature wi
135 pothesis that an inherent increase in plasma free fatty acids (FFA) in the HFD together with an HFD-i
136 n insulin-mediated suppression of lipolysis, free fatty acids (FFA), and endogenous glucose productio
138 te degradation of lipids in the fillets were free fatty acids (FFA), lipid hydroperoxides (PV) and th
140 uated Adipo-IR (fasting and mean OGTT plasma free fatty acid [FFA] x insulin concentrations), periphe
141 y via circulating metabolic mediators (e.g., free fatty acids, FFA) associated with excess adiposity
142 epatic stellate (HSCs) cells were exposed to free fatty acids (FFAs) alone or in combination with OCA
143 mice showed a significant increase in serum free fatty acids (FFAs) and decrease in subcutaneous/per
144 crophages results in increased intracellular free fatty acids (FFAs) and elevated expression of uncou
145 with a higher abundance of saturated C16-C20 free fatty acids (FFAs) and long polyunsaturated complex
149 nic acids (OAs), free amino acids (FAAs) and free fatty acids (FFAs) during ripening of raw sheep's m
150 ch in n-3 were produced by extraction of the free fatty acids (FFAs) from flaxseed oil, concentration
155 Empagliflozin did not affect myocardial free fatty acids (FFAs) uptake but reduced myocardial gl
158 flecting chylomicrons of intestinal origin), free fatty acids (FFAs), insulin, glucose, glucagon, glu
159 aste frying oils (WFOs) with high content of free fatty acids (FFAs), otherwise unsuitable for biodie
160 The hydrolytic cleavage of TGs generates free fatty acids (FFAs), which can serve as energy subst
161 s is responsible for the slow suppression of free fatty acids (FFAs), which in turn is responsible fo
165 The chemical components (hydrocarbons - HCs, free fatty acids - FFAs, free fatty alcohols - FALs and
166 beta-carotene) and lipid digestion products (free fatty acids, FFAs, and monoacylglycerides, MAGs) du
167 dance of biomarkers such as HDL cholesterol, free fatty acids, FGF21, bilirubin, and lactate depend o
168 extracts, predominantly presented lipids as free fatty acids, followed by aminoacids, organic acids,
169 at autophagy is necessary for the release of free fatty acids from intracellular stores within neutro
170 ids and phospholipids can promote release of free fatty acids from lipid stores, detoxify antimicrobi
171 (2)H5]glycerol turnover rate and circulating free fatty acids, glycerol, and triglycerides), lipid ox
172 (TAG) and glucose uptake decreased, and the free fatty acid/glycerol ratio increased during the anta
174 Hexadecanoic acid was the most abundant free fatty acid in the cheeses, which followed by cis-9-
176 y weight, and transiently alters circulating free fatty acids in lean mildly hypoleptinemic individua
177 ght; increased concentrations of glucose and free fatty acids in plasma; enhanced lipid accumulation
178 ell as SMc01003 contribute to the release of free fatty acids in S. meliloti, neither one can use pho
181 ough transport phenomena not yet understood, free fatty acids in the oil binding medium migrate throu
183 yao, has been shown to bind leukotrienes and free fatty acids in vitro Therefore, here we assessed wh
184 phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)) enzymes release free fatty acids, including arachidonic acid, and genera
187 oup, the EPA and DHA contributions to plasma free fatty acids increased (P = 0.0003 and P = 0.003, re
189 wed that FXR activation protected cells from free fatty acid-induced oxidative stress and endoplasmic
190 adipose tissue area (cm(2)), lipids, leptin, free fatty acids, inflammatory markers, and activity rat
191 to partial incorporation of diglycerides and free fatty acids into gum bilayers after PLC and 3G ED.
193 encompass increased 1) circulating levels of free fatty acid, ketone bodies, and long-chain acylcarni
194 se increased responsiveness of host cells to free fatty acid, leading to a radical increase in the es
195 creatic beta cells to high concentrations of free fatty acids leads to lipotoxicity (LT)-mediated sup
196 ns, metabolic function, and triglyceride and free fatty acid levels and reverses weight gain in T2DM.
201 r binding domains tightly bind the essential free fatty acid linoleic acid (LA) in three composite bi
204 hanced lipolysis, elevated concentrations of free fatty acids, maximal beta-oxidation, and mitochondr
206 ssiveness were identified, including various free fatty acids, metabolites, and complex lipids such a
208 to characterize the molecular speciation of free fatty acids, monoacylglycerol species, unmodified a
211 ma BCAs in both insulin groups but increased free fatty acids only in the high insulin group, however
213 nors, while acyl-ACP (acyl carrier protein), free fatty acids, or galactolipid-bound fatty acids were
214 patic de novo lipogenesis, decreased hepatic free fatty acid oxidation, or decreased very-low-density
216 s in circulating levels of the most abundant free fatty acids (palmitic, linoleic and oleic acids).
219 The following analyses were carried out: free fatty acids, peroxide value, specific extinction at
220 rous cow milk fat was evaluated by measuring Free Fatty Acids, peroxide value, Thiobarbituric Acid va
221 ng lipids and signaling molecules, including free fatty acids, phospholipids, lyso-phospholipids, and
223 method was developed for elucidation of the free fatty acid profile in mussel samples, avoiding a pr
224 eted metabolomic measurement of serum BA and free fatty acid profiles was applied to sera of 381 indi
225 a, provided excellent predictive results for free fatty acid (R(2) = 0.97) and peroxide values (R(2)
228 colon, the involvement of the SCFA receptor free fatty acid receptor (FFA)3, one of the free fatty a
233 in-coupled receptor 40 (GPR40) also known as free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFAR1) is highly expressed i
236 second long-chain free fatty acid receptor, free fatty acid receptor 1, the simple chemical structur
241 We investigated the mechanisms by which free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2), a receptor for short
243 idue produced a signalling-biased variant of Free Fatty Acid Receptor 2 in which Gi-mediated signalli
245 s to homology models of both human and mouse Free Fatty Acid Receptor 2 suggested that a single lysin
246 d SCFAs, propionate, activates ileal mucosal free fatty acid receptor 2 to trigger a negative feedbac
248 ssion of the short-chain fatty acid receptor free fatty acid receptor 3 and a population of regulator
250 there is great interest in the potential of free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFA4) as a novel therapeutic
252 free fatty acid receptor (FFA)3, one of the free fatty acid receptor family members, has not been cl
253 upled receptor 40 (GPR40), a Galphaq-coupled free fatty acid receptor linked to MAPK networks and glu
255 614 did not antagonize the second long-chain free fatty acid receptor, free fatty acid receptor 1, th
260 -derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and free fatty acid receptors including GPR43 are thought to
261 receptors 1 and 4 (FFAR1 and FFAR4) are two free fatty acid receptors under increasing investigation
262 ycerol, glycerol, and medium- and long-chain free fatty acids, reflective of lipid mobilization and c
264 rom SGA newborns, whereas GPR120 (related to free fatty acid regulation) was hypomethylated in placen
266 ype cytokine signaling in adipocytes induces free fatty acid release from visceral adipocytes, thereb
273 ary, we have described a novel nonesterified free fatty acid-stimulated pathway that selectively driv
274 FLD, causes more oxidative damage than other free fatty acids such as palmitic acid, and mediates sel
275 weight, serum cholesterol, triglycerides and free fatty acids, suggesting altered lipid metabolism in
276 lights the critical role of plasma saturated free fatty acids that are abundant in the WD with respec
277 ulated metabolic process called lipolysis to free fatty acids that serve as energy substrates for bet
278 ic islets that is activated by nonesterified free fatty acids, the major fuel used by beta-cells duri
280 se (FAAH) degrades NAE into ethanolamine and free fatty acid to terminate its signaling function.
282 wn adipose tissue (BAT) utilizes glucose and free fatty acids to produce heat, thereby increasing ene
284 w that autophagy-mediated lipolysis provides free fatty acids to support a mitochondrial respiration
285 A2 (PLA2) to mobilize lysophospholipids and free fatty acids to sustain fatty acid oxidation and oxi
286 of Sinorhizobium meliloti, unable to convert free fatty acids to their coenzyme A derivatives, accumu
288 Unlike albumin, SAA effectively removed free fatty acids under acidic conditions, which characte
290 hat cathepsin B regulates VLDL secretion and free fatty acid uptake via cleavage of LFABP, which occu
291 sulted in successful quantification of their free fatty acid value, total phenol and major fatty acid
292 nhanced fat oxidation, circulating levels of free fatty acids were reduced in the HFD-fed AdSod2 KO m
294 ow volatility, such as medium and long-chain free fatty acids, whereas compounds with high volatility
295 ative ion mode, MALDI favored sulfatides and free fatty acids, whereas NAPA spectra were dominated by
296 lysis take place leading to the formation of free fatty acids, which in turn interact with the differ
299 ow hypoxia modulates the response of ATMs to free fatty acids within obese adipose tissue is limited.