ライフサイエンスコーパス: guar

1 l residents and the scientific community off-guard.

2 pective cohort study of the US Army National Guard (2009-2014).

3 hrorynchus) is Askari wa kifaru, the rhinos' guard [6].

4 ctive contribution through which hepatocytes guard against aberrant cytosolic RLR-RNA-sensing pathway

5 ring the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, and to guard against airborne transmitted diseases.

6 hip to help maintain glucose homeostasis and guard against hypoglycemia.

7 Thus, efforts to guard against inbreeding effects in populations of endan

8 The uterus is a remarkable organ that must guard against infections while maintaining the ability t

9 distributions of parameters that can better guard against misinterpretation of results, as compared

10 nes to access social support, which may help guard against negative effects of in-person social depri

11 a three-dimensional (3D) optical lattice to guard against on-site interaction shifts.

12 lls serve as sentinels in barrier tissues to guard against previously encountered pathogens.

13 between polymorphic alleles, Dmc1 must also guard against recombination between divergent sequences.

14 To guard against spurious association, we controlled for po

15 indings are replicated before publication to guard against subsequent replication failures.

16 ceptor, supports circadian clock function to guard against the detrimental effects of circadian stres

17 at propagate by sexual reproduction actively guard against the fertilization of an egg by multiple sp

18 gnizing issues that need to be considered to guard against time-driven confounders.

19 through extensive sensitivity analyses that guard against various model assumption violations.

20 GCR are physiologically relevant events that guard against wasteful oxygen consumption and inappropri

21 This perpetual changing of the guard allows the pathogen to remain one step ahead of th

22 Xanthan, locust bean, guar and carboxy methyl cellulose significantly enhanced

23 ning higher A, rates of vegetative growth by guar and mothbean were lower than tepary bean due to the

24 pary bean was 38-60% and 41-56% greater than guar and mothbean, respectively, across water deficits.

25 As) are a class of small noncoding RNAs that guard animal genomes against mutation by silencing trans

26 e effective than non-lethal strategies, with guard animals showing the most potential among the non-l

27 high-throughput screening, revealing CRISPR GUARD as a rapidly implementable strategy to improve the

28 ide RNA Assisted Reduction of Damage (CRISPR GUARD) as a method for protecting off-targets sites by c

29 ance defensive signalling by also attracting guard bees and that the visual movements of appropriate

30 ces between African and European forager and guard bees are depleted in widely conserved genes, indic

31 e SLIM by rf fields in conjunction with a DC guard bias, enabling essentially lossless TW transmissio

32 While DELLA had no effect on ABA levels, guard cell ABA responsiveness was increased in S-della a

33 ces stomatal closure via QUAC1/ALMT12 and/or guard cell ABA synthesis.

34 o red light is correlated with a decrease in guard cell abscisic acid content and an increase in jasm

35 to darkness is mediated by reorganisation of guard cell actin filaments, a process that is finely tun

36 pecies Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi, we found that guard cell anion channel activity, recorded under voltag

37 the hormone that leads to the activation of guard cell anion channels by the protein kinase OPEN STO

38 the molecular basis for circadian control of guard cell aperture, we used large-scale qRT-PCR to comp

39 ic Gbeta subunit, AGB1, is required for four guard cell Ca(o) responses: induction of stomatal closur

40 extracellular ATP and of leaf mesophyll and guard cell chloroplasts during light-to-low-intensity bl

41 bitors and suggest a mechanism through which guard cell CO2 signaling controls plant water management

42 H LEAF TEMPERATURE 1 (HT1)-a central node in guard cell CO2 signaling-and that MPK12 functions as an

43 This process is mainly regulated by guard cell control of the stomatal aperture, but recent

44 tants to explore the impact of clustering on guard cell dynamics, gas exchange, and ion transport of

45 ulose and xyloglucan are required for normal guard cell dynamics.

46 ls and stomatal responses require reversible guard cell elongation and contraction.

47 mechanical, pectin-based pinning down of the guard cell ends, which restricts increase of stomatal co

48 High temperature promotes guard cell expansion, which opens stomatal pores to faci

49 digesting enzymes, coupled with bioassay of guard cell function) plus modeling lead us to propose th

50 highlight the role of polar reinforcement in guard cell function, which simultaneously improves our u

51 The regulation of guard cell genes involved in controlling stomatal moveme

52 We show that a range of core guard cell genes, including SPCH/MUTE, SMF, and FAMA, ma

53 cal link between OsGRXS17, the modulation of guard cell H2O2 concentrations, and stomatal closure, ex

54 ]i oscillations and analyze their origins in guard cell homeostasis and membrane transport.

55 tool with which to explore the links between guard cell homeostasis, stomatal dynamics, and foliar tr

56 nel by the protein kinases OPEN STOMATA1 and GUARD CELL HYDROGEN PEROXIDE-RESISTANT1 (GHR1) in Xenopu

57 ctors can utilize intrinsic HDAC activity to guard cell identity by repressing lineage-inappropriate

58 tissue, and that H3K27me3 dynamics regulate guard cell identity.

59 hesis and signalling with K(+) nutrition and guard cell K(+) channel activities have not been fully e

60 ing potassium (K(+) ) nutrition and a robust guard cell K(+) inward channel activity is considered cr

61 e xyloglucan, stomatal apertures, changes in guard cell length, and cellulose reorganization were abe

62 s, promotes rosette expansion, and modulates guard cell mechanics in adult plants.

63 y, CO2, and light, but without connection to guard cell mechanics.

64 profiling and identification of Arabidopsis guard cell metabolic signatures in response to red light

65 ly well understood, whereas our knowledge of guard cell metabolism remains limited, despite several d

66 ints to multiple processes and plasticity in guard cell metabolism that enable these cells to functio

67 rther exploring and potentially manipulating guard cell metabolism to improve plant water use and pro

68 eview some of the osmoregulatory pathways in guard cell metabolism, genes and signals that determine

69 Therefore, analysis of guard cell metabolites is fundamental for elucidation of

70 The red-light-modulated guard cell metabolome reported here provides fundamental

71 indings reveal that high temperature-induced guard cell movement requires components involved in blue

72 than the wild type, reduced light-dependent guard cell opening, and reduced water loss, with aw havi

73 Moreover, the differences in guard cell oscillator function may be important for the

74 misexpressed CCA1 Our results show that the guard cell oscillator is different from the average plan

75 onsistent with a disabled active response of guard cell osmotic pressure.

76 FOCL1-GFP localizes to the guard cell outer cuticular ledge and plants lacking FOCL

77 The regulation of the GORK (Guard Cell Outward Rectifying) Shaker channel mediating

78 Arabidopsis plants overexpressing circGORK (Guard cell outward-rectifying K(+) -channel) were hypers

79 ata and developed a biomechanical model of a guard cell pair.

80 ctance measurements using intact plants, and guard cell patch-clamp experiments were performed.

81 e the possible origins of sucrose, including guard cell photosynthesis, and discuss new evidence that

82 dence that HG delivery and modification, and guard cell pressurization, make functional contributions

83 ic signatures in response to ABA in B. napus guard cell protoplasts.

84 layers to the increasingly complex system of guard cell regulation.

85 of protoplasts, firmly establishing a direct guard cell response to red light.

86 -induced stomatal opening arises from direct guard cell sensing of red light versus indirect response

87 re reject cycadalean affinities, whereas its guard cell shape and stomatal ledges are angiospermous.

88 ew functional role of small GTPase, NOG1, in guard cell signaling and early plant defense in response

89 evidence that the regulatory patterns of key guard cell signaling genes are linked with the character

90 Specially, NOG1-2 regulates guard cell signaling in response to biotic and abiotic s

91 etabolites is fundamental for elucidation of guard cell signaling pathways.

92 posttranslational modifications to fine-tune guard cell signaling.

93 A lack of correlation between guard cell size and DNA content, lack of arabinans in ce

94 Evidence from fossil guard cell size suggests that polyploidy in Sequoia date

95 Our results show that guard cell starch degradation has an important role in p

96 cs to define the mechanism and regulation of guard cell starch metabolism, showing it to be mediated

97 Diel rescheduling of guard cell starch turnover in K. fedtschenkoi compared w

98 transport, metabolism, and signaling of the guard cell to define the water relations and transpirati

99 bryophyte monophyly and demonstrate that the guard cell toolkit is more ancient than has been appreci

100 no effect on the induction of heat-sensitive guard cell transcripts, supporting the existence of an a

101 by a dynamic, mechanistic model that assumes guard cell turgor changes in concert with leaf turgor in

102 n in the proteins responsible for regulating guard cell turgor.

103 ends on changes in osmolyte concentration of guard cell vacuoles, specifically of K(+) and Mal(2-) Ef

104 tic solutes that drive reversible changes in guard cell volume and turgor.

105 Combined experimental data (analysis of guard cell wall epitopes and treatment of tissue with ce

106 Hence, PME34 is required for regulating guard cell wall flexibility to mediate the heat response

107 Restoration of PME6 rescues guard cell wall pectin methyl-esterification status, sto

108 these results provide new insights into how guard cell walls allow stomata to function as responsive

109 xible, but how the structure and dynamics of guard cell walls enable stomatal function remains poorly

110 chanisms for how stomatal pores form and how guard cell walls facilitate dynamic stomatal responses r

111 e signals suggesting that the flexibility of guard cell walls is impaired.

112 at are driven by changes in turgor pressure, guard cell walls must be both strong and flexible, but h

113 opening, we have generated SGC (specifically guard cell) Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants in

114 s well as diel changes in their abundance in guard cell-enriched epidermis and mesophyll cells from l

115 We have characterized FOCL1, a guard cell-expressed, secreted protein with homology to

116 transport across the membrane system of the guard cell.

117 Although the guard-cell-signaling pathway coupling blue light percept

118 Expressing S-della under the control of a guard-cell-specific promoter was sufficient to increase

119 ) was overexpressed under the control of the guard-cell-specific promoter, GC1.

120 ary cells (SCs) flanking two dumbbell-shaped guard cells (GCs)-is linked to improved stomatal physiol

121 We measured guard cells across the genera with stomata to assess dev

122 A new study makes it clear that guard cells also metabolise starch to accelerate opening

123 Stomatal pores are formed between a pair of guard cells and allow plant uptake of CO2 and water evap

124 maximal in the mesophyll compared with both guard cells and bundle sheath.

125 localized synthesis of stilbenes in stomata guard cells and cell walls is induced by P. viticola inf

126 Guard cells and epidermal cells of hornworts show striki

127 (2)-induced activation of Ca(2+) channels in guard cells and is required for stomatal closure.

128 receptor JAZ2 is constitutively expressed in guard cells and modulates stomatal dynamics during bacte

129 he increased number of small cells below the guard cells and of fully developed stomata indicated tha

130 ne localization patterns when imaged in both guard cells and pollen.

131 ase gene, PME6, which is highly expressed in guard cells and required for stomatal function.

132 n involves limited separation between sister guard cells and stomatal responses require reversible gu

133 was observed in the whole stomatal complex (guard cells and subsidiary cells), root vasculature, and

134 establish a link between gene expression in guard cells and their cell wall properties, with a corre

135 l closing and whether starch biosynthesis in guard cells and/or mesophyll cells is rate limiting for

136 Although it has long been observed that guard cells are anisotropic due to differential thickeni

137 The focl1 guard cells are larger and less able to reduce the apert

138 Stomatal guard cells are pairs of specialized epidermal cells tha

139 Here, we show that the walls of guard cells are rich in un-esterified pectins.

140 Stomatal guard cells are widely recognized as the premier plant c

141 Starch is present in guard cells at the end of night, unlike in the rest of t

142 ether pore formation is an outcome of sister guard cells being pulled away from each other upon turgo

143 e [ADGase]) or retain starch accumulation in guard cells but are starch deficient in mesophyll cells

144 did not, showing that starch biosynthesis in guard cells but not mesophyll functions in CO2-induced s

145 diating a massive K(+) efflux in Arabidopsis guard cells by the phosphatase AtPP2CA was investigated.

146 blished that the circadian oscillator within guard cells can contribute to long-term WUE.

147 Guard cells collapse inwardly, increase in surface area,

148 pare circadian oscillator gene expression in guard cells compared with the "average" whole-leaf oscil

149 hat has been implicated in anionic flux from guard cells controlling the stomatal aperture.

150 The rapidity of gs in dumbbell-shaped guard cells could be attributed to size, whilst in ellip

151 utside inwardly and continues to do so after guard cells die and collapse.

152 tomic force microscopy, that although mature guard cells display a radial gradient of stiffness, this

153 Guard cells dynamically adjust their shape in order to r

154 In silico analysis revealed that guard cells express all the genes required for beta-oxid

155 ributed to size, whilst in elliptical-shaped guard cells features other than anatomy were more import

156 b1 and Glb2 scavenge NO produced in stomatal guard cells following ABA supply; plants overexpressing

157 meeting these challenges and to engineering guard cells for improved water use efficiency and agricu

158 Guard cells form stomatal pores that optimize photosynth

159 appear unchanged at the transcript level in guard cells from C3 and C4 species, but major variations

160 Here, we characterize transcriptomes from guard cells in C3 Tareneya hassleriana and C4 Gynandrops

161 predominantly in the phloem-loading zone and guard cells in leaves, root vasculature, and shoot apica

162 Decreased flavonols in guard cells in the anthocyanin reduced (are) mutant and

163 ion across the bundle sheath, mesophyll, and guard cells in the C4 leaf.

164 to the characteristic patterning of stomatal guard cells in the context of a growing leaf.

165 The position of guard cells in the epidermis is ideally suited for cellu

166 Further, upon initiation of reprogramming, guard cells induce H3K27me3-mediated repression of a reg

167 The shape of the guard cells influenced the rapidity of response and the

168 it, the capacity for lateral displacement of guard cells into neighboring epidermal cells, are crucia

169 mponent of phototropin signaling in stomatal guard cells is discussed.

170 ledge on CO2 signal transduction in stomatal guard cells is limited.

171 take or release of ions and metabolites from guard cells is necessary to achieve normal stomatal func

172 leaves, suggesting that the SA signaling in guard cells may be independent from other cell types.

173 Guard cells of are show greater ABA-induced closure than

174 photosynthesis were more highly expressed in guard cells of C4 compared with C3 leaves.

175 +) (K(+) (in) ) channels was impaired in the guard cells of cipk23 mutants, whereas activation of the

176 quantitative analysis of starch turnover in guard cells of intact leaves during the diurnal cycle.

177 Reductions in LD abundance in guard cells of the lycophyte Selaginella suggest that TA

178 dants, higher levels of ROS were detected in guard cells of the tomato are mutant and lower levels we

179 plants where ABA biosynthesis was rescued in guard cells or phloem companion cells of an ABA-deficien

180 epted that differential radial thickening of guard cells plays an important role in the turgor-driven

181 Imaging cellulose organization in guard cells revealed a relatively uniform distribution o

182 Guard cells shrink and close stomatal pores when air hum

183 Stomatal guard cells surround pores in the epidermis of plant lea

184 ynthetic, light-gated K(+) channel BLINK1 in guard cells surrounding stomatal pores in Arabidopsis to

185 olute accumulation by, and its loss from the guard cells surrounding the pore.

186 he regulatory networks and ion fluxes in the guard cells surrounding the stomatal pore [2].

187 but not JA-dependent response, is faster in guard cells than in whole leaves, suggesting that the SA

188 across the plasma and vacuolar membranes of guard cells that drive stomatal movements and the signal

189 tails of the local separation between sister guard cells that give rise to the stomatal pore or how f

190 Stomata are defined by pairs of guard cells that perceive and transduce external signals

191 Each stomate is bordered by a pair of guard cells that shrink in response to drought and the a

192 on changes in turgor pressure acting within guard cells to alter cell shape [1].

193 ) increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) in guard cells to close Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)

194 negative regulator of GA signaling, acts in guard cells to promote stomatal closure and reduce water

195 The importance of ABA biosynthesis in guard cells versus vasculature for whole-plant stomatal

196 A total of 358 metabolites from guard cells were quantified in a time-course response to

197 Stomata are formed by a pair of guard cells which have thickened, elastic cell walls to

198 division to differentiate highly specialized guard cells while maintaining a stem cell population [1,

199 dest alteration of Ca transient frequency in guard cells, associated with the absence of Ca-induced s

200 Mal inhibited the anion current of Kalanchoe guard cells, both in wild-type and RNAi mutants with imp

201 The accumulation of flavonol antioxidants in guard cells, but not surrounding pavement cells, was vis

202 In plant guard cells, extracellular calcium (Ca(o) ) is as strong

203 ntified 390 distinct metabolites in B. napus guard cells, falling into diverse classes.

204 time-dependent outward potassium currents in guard cells, higher rates of water loss through transpir

205 d an elevation in H2O2 production within the guard cells, increased sensitivity to ABA, and a reducti

206 l responsible for the release of malate from guard cells, is essential for efficient stomatal closure

207 e main inward rectifying channels present in guard cells, mediating K(+) influx into these cells, res

208 uate the current literature on metabolism in guard cells, particularly the roles of starch, sucrose,

209 nase inhibition decreases FRET efficiency in guard cells, providing direct experimental evidence that

210 In guard cells, starch is rapidly mobilized by the synergis

211 inating from the appressoria formed over the guard cells, was thought to require light to induce natu

212 Guard cells, which flank the stomata, undergo adjustment

213 ith the turgor pressure of the epidermis and guard cells, which ultimately determine stomatal pore si

214 the expression of other transporter genes in guard cells, which ultimately led to improved growth.

215 We quantified 223 metabolites in Arabidopsis guard cells, with 104 found to be red light responsive.

216 f stiffness, this is not present in immature guard cells, yet young stomata show a normal opening res

217 ll pores on plant leaves and stems formed by guard cells.

218 on of NCED3, a key step of ABA synthesis, in guard cells.

219 which is expressed in expanding tissues and guard cells.

220 ced by abscisic acid and highly expressed in guard cells.

221 (C3 plants), bundle-sheath (C4 plants), and guard cells.

222 hich is one of the phototropin substrates in guard cells.

223 y a reduced accumulation of K(+) ions in the guard cells.

224 n of signal amplification and specificity in guard cells.

225 rimary and specialized metabolic pathways in guard cells.

226 regulation of salicylic acid (SA) pathway in guard cells.

227 dynamics, gas exchange, and ion transport of guard cells.

228 efense and is linked to hormone signaling in guard cells.

229 ith its putative paralog SINE2, expressed in guard cells.

230 xpression from bundle sheath to mesophyll to guard cells.

231 idermal cells facilitating ion supply to the guard cells.

232 g autonomous red light signaling pathways in guard cells.

233 he activity of AtCLCa in vivo in Arabidopsis guard cells.

234 idence that basal SnRK2 activity prevails in guard cells.

235 in N. benthamiana leaf cells and Arabidopsis guard cells.

236 tion induces LCBK1 expression, especially in guard cells.

237 to plants increased flavonol accumulation in guard cells; however, no flavonol increases were observe

238 their hosts, wherein specific host proteins 'guard' central cellular processes and trigger inflammato

239 Within the circulatory system, platelets guard circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from immune elimina

240 liquid chromatography (LC)-MS, the use of a guard column (i.e., fast chromatography) may be sufficie

241 a), tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius), and guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) may also serve as summer

242 Finally, we create an online tool for CRISPR GUARD design.

243 fect of xanthan gum (XG) and enzyme-modified guar (EMG) gum mixtures on the physicochemical propertie

244 Isolated removals of cross-linker or guar enhanced or diminished certain product formations,

245 Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) guard epithelial tissue integrity during homeostasis, bu

246 PRINCESS leverages Software Guard Extensions (SGX) and hardware for trustworthy comp

247 ican red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) guard food hoards, an extended phenotype that typically

248 nducted to compare mothbean, tepary bean and guar for their vegetative growth and physiological respo

249 ersus 40% eyes, provided no safety margin to guard foveola in 17% versus 33%, and did not entirely co

250 ways (cinnamaldehyde and citric acid) across guar gels with varied types and concentrations of cross-

251 restriction of resident genomic parasites to guard genome integrity.

252 taining XG/EMG gum mixtures, compared to XG, guar (GG), and XG/GG gum mixtures.

253 g polydextrose (5%) and partially hydrolyzed guar gum (5%), was evaluated under accelerated condition

254 using gum arabic (GA), partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG), and polydextrose (PD) as encapsulating

255 mation of amorphous particles; therefore, 2% guar gum addition was found to be the most optimal.

256 reased the efficiency of the process, but 4% guar gum caused the formation of amorphous particles; th

257 wed higher functional properties of lysozyme-guar gum conjugate.

258 PH) and 1.65-4.93AAE/g (reducing power) upon guar gum conjugation.

259 screening revealed that locust bean gum and guar gum have the highest affinity for Fe(2)O(3), which

260 Conjugation with polysaccharides like guar gum may broaden its activity against gram negatives

261 Starch-guar gum mixtures were obtained by extrusion using a thr

262 Starch-guar gum samples showed expansion index and viscosity up

263 : 5.4 g), high amounts of soluble fiber from guar gum supplement (total fiber: 9.1 g; soluble fiber:

264 lts indicated that the addition of 2% and 4% guar gum to maltodextrin (8-6%) significantly increased

265 linity of the samples was modified by adding guar gum to the extrudates, showing correlation between

266 EMG was obtained by hydrolyzing native guar gum using alpha-galactosidase enzyme.

267 In general, Xanthan Gum, Guar Gum, and Beta 1,3/1,6 Glucan showed the most domina

268 A mixture of stabilizers (maltodextrin, guar gum, and lecithin) in a proportion of 10% to the am

269 his study: Xanthan Gum, Beta 1,3/1,6 Glucan, Guar Gum, Chitosan, and Alginate.

270 e tested against Fe(2)O(3): locust bean gum, guar gum, gellan gum, xanthan gum, and sodium carboxymet

271 FT-IR and FT-Raman band characteristics for guar gum, lecithin, and maltodextrin dominated over thos

272 ct of conjugation of egg-white lysozyme with guar gum.

273 Royal Guard has the potential to improve malaria vector contro

274 Furthermore, loss of guard HF cycling suggests that in this particular hair t

275 and is required for zigzag hair bending and guard HF cycling.

276 Guar induced microstructural changes and its role in gel

277 In laboratory assays, Royal Guard induced > 80% mortality and > 90% blood-feeding in

278 es through the pyriproxyfen component; Royal Guard induced 83% reduction in oviposition and 95% reduc

279 Royal Guard is a new insecticide-treated bed-net incorporated

280 ugh, we found that paternity of offspring by guard males is extraordinarily low (10% of offspring).

281 rection in the sensor is reversed before the guard/marker segments escape.

282 ast exposure in a sample of Florida National Guard members (1,443 deployed to Operation Enduring Free

283 st that the complement system utilizes C3 to guard not only extracellular but also the intracellular

284 Our data identify Diaph3 as a major guard of cortical progenitors, unravel novel functions o

285 ship to attract females to enter a nest they guard or cuckoldry during which they steal fertilization

286 e insurgent group, on Myanmar police, Border Guard Police, and military posts, killing 12 security pe

287 ence included but were not limited to Border Guard Police, Myanmar military, and Rakhine extremists.

288 CRISPR GUARD reduces off-target mutagenesis while retaining on-

289 We confirm that oxpeckers guard rhinos and the importance of depredation, not soci

290 The use of a guard ring electrode in the detector reduces the crystal

291 from the principal flow stream by immiscible guard segments, typically a fluorocarbon (FC) liquid, of

292 e Fe-S cluster enzyme GRXS17 is an essential guard that protects proteins against moderate heat stres

293 nnervating neurons (~100 neurons/mouse) that guard the airways against assault.

294 to break regulatory mechanisms that usually guard the host against autoimmune diseases.

295 Specifically, we find that ravens guard their caches against discovery in response to the

296 F programs, and thus how parents' ability to guard their children's health is affected by structural

297 d short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-Cas loci guard their hosts with an adaptive immune system against

298 esistant An. gambiae sl in Cove Benin, Royal Guard through the pyrethroid component induced comparabl

299 nition receptor that normally functions as a guard to trigger capase-1 inflammasome assembly in respo

300 Different ingredients (guar, xanthan, carboxy methyl cellulose, locust bean gum