ライフサイエンスコーパス: hammerhead ribozyme

1 cribe a new RNA cleavage motif, found in the hammerhead ribozyme.

2 used for the design and in vivo testing of a hammerhead ribozyme.

3 he folding of the ion-induced folding of the hammerhead ribozyme.

4 tural motif, that of the naturally occurring hammerhead ribozyme.

5 stants that are equivalent to the unmodified hammerhead ribozyme.

6 ion accompanied by structural changes in the hammerhead ribozyme.

7 the 3'-untranslated region is replaced by a hammerhead ribozyme.

8 xyribozyme are similar to those reported for hammerhead ribozyme.

9 ate constants approaching that of the parent hammerhead ribozyme.

10 the recently solved crystal structures of a hammerhead ribozyme.

11 n the light of the crystal structures of the hammerhead ribozyme.

12 anding of the structure and mechanism of the hammerhead ribozyme.

13 talytically active solution structure of the hammerhead ribozyme.

14 tion of the inhibitor strand observed in the hammerhead ribozyme.

15 type 1-based reporter gene with a cis-acting hammerhead ribozyme.

16 ep of the cleavage reaction catalyzed by the hammerhead ribozyme.

17 we inhibited the expression of MMP-9 using a hammerhead ribozyme.

18 TTpsiC loop, and in an internal loop of the hammerhead ribozyme.

19 eting IkappaBgamma in melanoma cells using a hammerhead ribozyme.

20 ral base are closely similar to those in the hammerhead ribozyme.

21 in the self-cleaving reaction of the minimal hammerhead ribozyme.

22 han the cleavage activity of the Schistosoma hammerhead ribozyme.

23 from the effects of cleavage by an intronic hammerhead ribozyme.

24 to the conformational space available to the hammerhead ribozyme.

25 isoleucine aptamer and 1.6 x 10(10) for the hammerhead ribozyme.

26 ers as well as catalytic RNAs, including the hammerhead ribozyme.

27 construct of the Schistosoma mansoni natural hammerhead ribozyme.

28 he hot and cold denaturation behavior of the hammerhead ribozyme.

29 a pH-dependent conformational change in the hammerhead ribozyme.

30 tides C3 and U4 in the catalytic core of the hammerhead ribozyme.

31 cribed and shown to operate effectively with hammerhead ribozymes.

32 ridine modification present in our synthetic hammerhead ribozymes.

33 domized sequences as well as self-processing hammerhead ribozymes.

34 ar to be the major exonucleases that degrade hammerhead ribozymes.

35 y, and efficacy of exogenous antistromelysin hammerhead ribozymes.

36 tif serves distinct functions in the HDV and hammerhead ribozymes.

37 oni is the best characterized of the natural hammerhead ribozymes.

38 ne expression through RNA cleavage makes the hammerhead ribozyme a candidate for genetic therapy.

39 previously determined that, in solution, the hammerhead ribozyme (a self-cleaving RNA) has a high-aff

40 ermodynamic dissection of the folding of the hammerhead ribozyme, a three-way RNA helical junction, b

41 An allosteric hammerhead ribozyme activated specifically by the unphos

42 te that, over this NaCl concentration range, hammerhead ribozyme activity is influenced by population

43 ed to explain the influence of metal ions on hammerhead ribozyme activity.

44 eloped a recombinant adenovirus expressing a hammerhead ribozyme (AdRZ) targeted against the porcine

45 ate-limiting step in the synthesis of GSH, a hammerhead ribozyme against gamma-GCS mRNA to downregula

46 To determine the effects of hammerhead ribozymes against hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA

47 Other approaches have included the use of hammerhead ribozymes against the MDR-1 gene and MDR-1-ta

48 Using RNAiFold, we design ten cis-cleaving hammerhead ribozymes, all of which are shown to be funct

49 ses as applied to two RNA systems, i.e., the hammerhead ribozyme and a guanine riboswitch.

50 are compared with the X-ray structure of the hammerhead ribozyme and are used to help understand the

51 -dependent cleavage between G8 and A9 in the hammerhead ribozyme and have discovered that U4 cleavage

52 tical assays to detect chemically stabilized hammerhead ribozyme and putative ribozyme metabolites fr

53 o investigate the cleavage mechanisms of the hammerhead ribozyme and to probe the catalytic role of t

54 U-turn motif found also, for example, in the hammerhead ribozyme and tRNAs.

55 n RNA switch, (ii) self-functional elements (hammerhead ribozymes), and (iii) cis-acting elements tha

56 revious observations in X-ray studies of the hammerhead ribozyme, and emphasizes the necessity for dy

57 In some organisms HDV-like and hammerhead ribozymes appear to be dedicated to processin

58 third of a 100 ml in vitro transcribed 34mer hammerhead ribozyme (approximately 6.2 mg) in a single r

59 The effects of Co(NH(3))(6)(3+) on the hammerhead ribozyme are analyzed using several technique

60 that are proposed to bind metal ions in the hammerhead ribozyme are the A9/G10.1 site, located at th

61 In this study, we show that hammerhead ribozymes are active in vitro against transcr

62 Taken together, these data indicate that hammerhead ribozymes are digested largely by the degrada

63 Here we show that highly active hammerhead ribozymes are present in the 3' UTRs of roden

64 Naturally occurring hammerhead ribozymes are produced by rolling circle repl

65 Hammerhead ribozymes are small catalytic RNA molecules t

66 In addition, they demonstrate the utility of hammerhead ribozymes as a simple, effective and easily a

67 We report here the in vitro use of hammerhead ribozymes as an approach to the gene therapy

68 o the cleavage rate for the fastest cleaving hammerhead ribozymes at pH 6.

69 structure of a small self-cleaving RNA, the hammerhead ribozyme, both prevents and enhances RNA auto

70 bium(III) [Tb(III)] was shown to inhibit the hammerhead ribozyme by competing with a single magnesium

71 ructure of the enzyme-product complex of the hammerhead ribozyme by using a reinforced crystal lattic

72 e catalytic activity of these Se-derivatized hammerhead ribozymes by cleaving the RNA substrate, and

73 Furthermore, we show RCS of a circular Hammerhead ribozyme capable of self-cleavage and re-circ

74 therefore conclude that such a mechanism of hammerhead ribozyme catalysis is untenable, at least in

75 dy provides evidence for the role of Mg2+ in hammerhead ribozyme catalysis.

76 ss was used to amplify the l-RNA form of the hammerhead ribozyme, catalyzed by the d-RNA form of the

77 The hammerhead ribozyme catalyzes the same reactions but is

78 of 13 positions in the conserved core of the hammerhead ribozyme causes a large decrease in the exten

79 bserved in the Varkud satellite, hairpin and hammerhead ribozyme classes.

80 ent metal ion in the transition-state of the hammerhead ribozyme cleavage reaction.

81 estigate the role of Mg2+ in the full-length hammerhead ribozyme cleavage reaction.

82 n, we describe a method for the selection of hammerhead ribozyme cleavage sites and optimization of c

83 cy, we determined the accessibility of seven hammerhead ribozyme cleavage sites in a target RNA that

84 refore provide a means to identify efficient hammerhead ribozyme cleavage sites in long target RNAs.

85 Moreover, the accessibility of the seven hammerhead ribozyme cleavage sites in the long target RN

86 e unlikely that steric interference affected hammerhead ribozyme cleavage.

87 Target substrate-specific hammerhead ribozyme cleaves the specific mRNA and result

88 structural studies have been performed on a hammerhead ribozyme complexed with a cleaved and an uncl

89 ich the stable ground state structure of the hammerhead ribozyme complexed with the substrate is a pa

90 exogenous c-fms-transfected microglia with a hammerhead ribozyme compromised their neuroprotective pr

91 igation is less for the hairpin than for the hammerhead ribozyme, consistent with the notion that a m

92 Native hammerhead ribozymes contain RNA domains that enable hig

93 Catalysis of bond scission in these hammerhead ribozymes could be restored by putative t2M/t

94 The hammerhead ribozyme crystal structure identified a speci

95 4M act as functional switches in a family of hammerhead ribozymes deactivated by stem or loop replace

96 c transfer RNA from budding yeast and of the hammerhead ribozyme demonstrate the applicability of the

97 The recent X-ray crystal structure of a hammerhead ribozyme derived from Schistosoma mansoni con

98 ave obtained a 1.55-A crystal structure of a hammerhead ribozyme derived from Schistosoma mansoni und

99 ith green fluorescent protein reporter and a hammerhead ribozyme directed against caspase-3 mRNA.

100 ches to the management of HCV infection, six hammerhead ribozymes directed against a conserved region

101 Since the hammerhead ribozyme displays monovalent ion-dependent ac

102 that takes place in the cleavage site of the hammerhead ribozyme during self-cleavage, using X-ray cr

103 The catalytic properties of the hammerhead ribozyme embedded in the (+) strand of the sa

104 tions or changes are required in the minimal hammerhead ribozyme enzyme strand sequence (providing th

105 al binding site is uniquely populated in the hammerhead ribozyme even in a background of high ionic s

106 gy of HER-2/neu with anti-HER-2/neu-targeted hammerhead ribozymes expressed under the control of a te

107 sion to accurately measure concentrations of hammerhead ribozyme extracted from plasma.

108 A trans-acting hammerhead ribozyme (FBN1-RZ1) targeted to the 5' end of

109 A hammerhead ribozyme flanked by two arms of GPRT antisens

110 In the present study, cDNAs encoding hammerhead ribozyme flanked with various lengths of anti

111 e synthesize a significant part of an active hammerhead ribozyme, forging a link between nonenzymatic

112 ions on interhelical movement can change the hammerhead ribozyme from a nuclease to a ligase.

113 The hammerhead ribozyme from Schistosoma mansoni is the best

114 metal (Mg(2+)) ion-dependent folding of the hammerhead ribozyme from Schistosoma mansoni was monitor

115 This rearrangement brings the hammerhead ribozyme from the ground state into a conform

116 oter were used to transfer either hairpin or hammerhead ribozyme genes to photoreceptors.

117 uction of an expression vector for a control hammerhead ribozyme had no effect.

118 Tertiary folding of the hammerhead ribozyme has been analyzed by hydroxyl radica

119 The hammerhead ribozyme has been intensively studied for app

120 A hammerhead ribozyme has been localized to the yeast nucl

121 The hammerhead ribozyme has been the subject of a vast numbe

122 The ion-induced folding transitions of the hammerhead ribozyme have been analysed by fluorescence r

123 Minimal hammerhead ribozymes have been characterized extensively

124 Hammerhead ribozymes have been observed to be active in

125 l change equivalent to that observed for the hammerhead ribozyme having an unmodified attacking nucle

126 We have solved two crystal structures of hammerhead ribozymes having 2'-OCH(3) or 2'-F substituti

127 es of folding and catalysis for two distinct hammerhead ribozymes, HHL and HH alpha.

128 fects at the C3, G8, and G5 positions of the hammerhead ribozyme (HHR) are reported, based on a serie

129 ) and divalent (Mg(2+)) metal ion binding in hammerhead ribozyme (HHR) has been explored with molecul

130 ional RNAs in these microbiomes, we used the hammerhead ribozyme (HHR) motif to search for sequences

131 as explored within the catalytic core of the Hammerhead ribozyme (HHRz).

132 Two hammerhead ribozymes, HRz35 and HRz42, were designed to

133 for the highest affinity Mn(2+) site in the hammerhead ribozyme in 1 M NaCl, tentatively attributed

134 Cleavage of the corresponding unmodified hammerhead ribozyme in the crystal under otherwise ident

135 gen receptor with an antibody and an AR mRNA hammerhead ribozyme in the following cell lines: LNCaP (

136 ported apparent kinetic pK(a) of 8.5 for the hammerhead ribozyme in the presence of Co(2+).

137 The 110 nt hammerhead ribozyme in the satellite RNA of cereal yello

138 Hammerhead ribozymes in crystals change conformation in

139 ations of the native and mutated full length hammerhead ribozymes in the reactant state and in an act

140 ifs: in domain A, the 5'-GAR-3'-motif of the hammerhead ribozyme, in domain B, the J4/5 motif of grou

141 Hammerhead ribozymes, in solution and free from substrat

142 The hammerhead ribozyme is a catalytic RNA that requires div

143 The hammerhead ribozyme is a small catalytic RNA molecule.

144 The hammerhead ribozyme is a small RNA motif that catalyzes

145 Thus, the natural Schistosoma hammerhead ribozyme is almost as efficient at ligation a

146 The self-cleaving activity of the hammerhead ribozyme is also slowed down by pressure on t

147 The hammerhead ribozyme is an RNA molecule capable of self-c

148 The hammerhead ribozyme is capable of cleaving RNA substrate

149 of the satellite RNA viruses from which the hammerhead ribozyme is derived.

150 est whether the Y-shaped conformation of the hammerhead ribozyme is maintained throughout the catalyt

151 The hammerhead ribozyme is one of the best-studied small RNA

152 metal ion mechanism for cleavage of the HH16 hammerhead ribozyme is provided by monitoring the rate o

153 iments indicate that the general acid of the hammerhead ribozyme is the O2' of G8, while that of the

154 These results suggest that the use of hammerhead ribozymes is a valid approach to the study of

155 One of these constructs, a multimer hammerhead ribozyme linked to a selectable marker gene,

156 Based on this result, we developed a double hammerhead ribozyme long-term expression system to silen

157 The hammerhead ribozyme may be regarded as a special example

158 Alternatively, the hammerhead ribozyme may have evolved independently many

159 gest that Mg2+ is profoundly involved in the hammerhead ribozyme mechanism both at structural and cat

160 two approaches: homologous recombination and hammerhead ribozyme-mediated cleavage.

161 ractions with the cleavage site of a minimal hammerhead ribozyme (mHHRz) were probed using (31)P NMR-

162 RNA molecules were synthesized containing a hammerhead ribozyme moiety of 52 nucleotides linked to a

163 The hammerhead ribozyme motif forms a branched structure con

164 at, under near-physiological conditions, the hammerhead ribozyme motif is the most common (and thus t

165 the synthesis of catalytic RNAs outside the hammerhead ribozyme motif; (ii) that rolling circle tran

166 To be effective in gene inactivation, the hammerhead ribozyme must cleave a complementary RNA targ

167 nonconserved position within the core of the hammerhead ribozyme (N7).

168 The hammerhead ribozyme, one of the smallest ribozymes ident

169 Hammerhead ribozymes previously were found in satellite

170 The hammerhead ribozyme provides a well-defined example of i

171 rus genomic RNA (PKB134) and the alternative hammerhead ribozyme pseudoknot (PKB173), both of which a

172 ed crystallographically after initiating the hammerhead ribozyme reaction in the crystal.

173 ttacking nucleophile for the required inline hammerhead ribozyme reaction mechanism.

174 nteractions may therefore be relevant to the hammerhead ribozyme reaction mechanism.

175 phosphodiester bond cleavage activity by the hammerhead ribozyme requires divalent cations.

176 Significant cleavage by hammerhead ribozymes requires activation by divalent met

177 A new crystal structure of a modified hammerhead ribozyme reveals an intermediate conformation

178 ent VPAC1- or VPAC2-selective antagonists, a hammerhead ribozyme (Rz) strategy capable of in vivo app

179 ining step under standard conditions for the hammerhead ribozyme self-cleavage reaction, and that an

180 own of SPF45 in parental A2780 cells using a hammerhead ribozyme sensitized A2780 cells to etoposide

181 itates the transition of a newly synthesized hammerhead ribozyme sequence from its inactive, duplex s

182 ence, and an actuator domain, comprised of a hammerhead ribozyme sequence.

183 slope of 0.7, as has been observed for other hammerhead ribozyme sequences in solution, indicating th

184 These hammerhead ribozymes site-specifically mutagenized by se

185 ErbB-4 receptors in breast cancer, we used a hammerhead ribozyme strategy to achieve down-regulation

186 To examine hammerhead ribozyme structure and vulnerability to cellu

187 fragment pair can assemble to form an active hammerhead ribozyme structure between the translation te

188 ation of a hypothesized catalytically active hammerhead ribozyme structure in which a single divalent

189 ic satRPV RNAs that self-cleave via a double-hammerhead ribozyme structure.

190 ructural change of the conserved core of the hammerhead ribozyme-substrate complex upon cleavage of t

191 he flexibility of the helical domains in the hammerhead ribozyme-substrate complex.

192 The solution conformations of the hammerhead ribozyme-substrate complexes are compared wit

193 ave used photocrosslinking as a tool to trap hammerhead ribozyme-substrate complexes in various stage

194 ue and particularly the A15.1 residue in the hammerhead ribozyme/substrate complex are critical for t

195 Three modified hammerhead ribozyme/substrate complexes have been prepar

196 Five modified hammerhead ribozyme/substrate complexes have been prepar

197 unlike in solution where this and most other hammerhead ribozyme substrates are cleaved only to about

198 ng and catalysis has been investigated using hammerhead ribozyme substrates that were truncated at th

199 stallographic and biochemical studies of the hammerhead ribozyme suggest that a metal ion is ligated

200 We conclude that hammerhead ribozyme targeted at GUA(6679) of apoB mRNA c

201 Using a hammerhead ribozyme targeted to a highly conserved seque

202 ls have been fused to a lacZ mRNA target and hammerhead ribozymes targeted against lacZ.

203 in vitro cleavage activity of five different hammerhead ribozymes targeted against synthetic transcri

204 o modulate apoB gene expression, we designed hammerhead ribozymes targeted at AUA(6665) and GUA(6679)

205 ell lines were made that expressed antisense-hammerhead ribozymes targeted specifically against TIF1b

206 n breast cancer, we generated three specific hammerhead ribozymes targeted to the ErbB-4 mRNA.

207 (HCV) infection, we designed and synthesized hammerhead ribozymes targeting 15 conserved sites in the

208 al structure of a pseudoknot (PK)-containing hammerhead ribozyme that closely resembles the pistol ri

209 ructure of a full-length Schistosoma mansoni hammerhead ribozyme that permits us to explain the struc

210 observed 7.8 A conformational change in the hammerhead ribozyme that positions the substrate for in-

211 fficking of HIV-1 RNAs into the nucleolus, a hammerhead ribozyme that specifically cleaves HIV-1 RNA

212 Thus, use of a hammerhead ribozyme that targets PML/RAR alpha expressio

213 A hammerhead ribozyme that was previously reported to have

214 Our goal was to design a hammerhead ribozyme that would specifically cleave the A

215 ysis, we have created a series of allosteric hammerhead ribozymes that are activated by theophylline.

216 s used to isolate five classes of allosteric hammerhead ribozymes that are triggered by binding to ce

217 In the case of synthetic hammerhead ribozymes that cleave an RNA sequence, bindin

218 Potential hammerhead ribozymes that possess a catalytic domain and

219 We have developed synthetic hammerhead ribozymes that recognize and cleave c-myb RNA

220 In contrast to the hammerhead ribozyme, the 8-17 DNAzyme activity is not de

221 In vesicles encapsulating a hammerhead ribozyme, the addition of external Mg(2+) led

222 e-responsive, in vivo functional, allosteric hammerhead ribozymes, this work describes a general appr

223 ant with improved fidelity can replicate the hammerhead ribozyme through reciprocal synthesis of both

224 porcine PCNA gene and constructed a chimeric hammerhead ribozyme to a segment of the gene with human

225 ous Bcl-2, an adenoviral vector expressing a hammerhead ribozyme to Bcl-2 (Ad-Rbz-Bcl-2) mRNA was emp

226 e elements of the isoleucine aptamer and the hammerhead ribozyme to estimate the probability that a s

227 tate of RNA and by employing a self-cleaving hammerhead ribozyme to investigate the degradative conse

228 Chimeric hammerhead ribozyme to PCNA inhibits smooth muscle cell

229 d those 5'-end extra nucleotides utilizing a hammerhead ribozyme to produce transcripts with accurate

230 wth and differentiation of APL cells using a hammerhead ribozyme to target PML/RAR alpha mRNA in the

231 The ability of hammerhead ribozymes to cleave the long target RNA was m

232 nses were decreased against ROS by designing hammerhead ribozymes to degrade SOD2 mRNA.

233 his study, we engineered a class of type III hammerhead ribozymes to develop RNA switches that are hi

234 We have investigated the potential of hammerhead ribozymes to down-regulate the product of the

235 We used both HDV and hammerhead ribozymes to generate a panel of HDV and non-

236 We have used cis-acting hammerhead ribozymes to produce homogeneous-length trans

237 teen base-pairing interaction in the minimal hammerhead ribozyme transforms an RNA sequence possessin

238 nd demonstrates enhanced activity over other hammerhead ribozymes under standard conditions.

239 The hammerhead ribozyme undergoes a well-defined two-stage c

240 es in internal structure and dynamics of the hammerhead ribozyme upon metal ion induced folding, chan

241 However, it appears that the solution of the hammerhead ribozyme used in this study contains two popu

242 catalytic conformational intermediate of the hammerhead ribozyme using a phosphodiester tether formed

243 We have synthesized 13 hammerhead ribozyme variants, each containing an abasic

244 ve Element (RRE decoy) (L-RRE-neo), a double hammerhead ribozyme vector targeted to cleave the tat an

245 using an anti-erb B-4 blocking antibody or a hammerhead ribozyme vector targeted to erb B-4 mRNA, imp

246 The free energy of substrate binding to the hammerhead ribozyme was compared for 10 different hammer

247 t a cross-link between stems I and II of the hammerhead ribozyme was confirmed and further explored.

248 A phosphorothioated DNA-RNA chimeric hammerhead ribozyme was constructed and analyzed for spe

249 f mutant RET could prevent transformation, a hammerhead ribozyme was designed to cleave RET mRNA cont

250 The global structure of the hammerhead ribozyme was determined in the absence of Mg(

251 The hammerhead ribozyme was originally discovered in a group

252 (FBN1) mRNA, interrupted in its center by a hammerhead ribozyme, was substituted for the Sm protein

253 tter understand the observed distribution of hammerhead ribozymes, we used in vitro selection to sear

254 pport the catalytic site of a minimal type I hammerhead ribozyme were replaced with oligo-U loops, se

255 Two hammerhead ribozymes were designed that cleave the human

256 Hammerhead ribozymes were designed to target mRNA of sev

257 Circular hammerhead ribozymes were synthesized from linear oligor

258 ions of these proteins in virus replication, hammerhead ribozymes were targeted to cleave the 5'-untr

259 d the results are compared with those of the hammerhead ribozyme, which has similar size and secondar

260 GFP-like Spinach aptamer and a highly active hammerhead ribozyme, which is appended to the RNA of int

261 Under standard reaction conditions, a hammerhead ribozyme with a phosphorodithioate linkage at

262 unction, transcripts were used to assemble a hammerhead ribozyme with all permutations of natural and

263 nsequence of the very early evolution of the hammerhead ribozyme, with all extant examples being desc

264 rom the primary transcript by two cis-acting hammerhead ribozymes, yielding the required engineered e