ライフサイエンスコーパス: hardship

1 ship, psychological hardship, and behavioral hardship).

2 ial air pollution with neighborhood economic hardship.

3 proportion of global morbidity and economic hardship.

4 llness might have caused subsequent economic hardship.

5 is as the culmination of a life of emotional hardship.

6 cancer dental care had caused them financial hardship.

7 scalable intervention to alleviate financial hardship.

8 and many who obtain it experience financial hardship.

9 ed to protect this population from excessive hardship.

10 ention are recommended to mitigate financial hardship.

11 e information about the domains of financial hardship.

12 attern varying by the specific form of water hardship.

13 experience a disproportionate burden of food hardship.

14 economic, social, political, and ecological hardship.

15 ouseholds with children at risk for economic hardship.

16 eeded services do not suffer undue financial hardship.

17 ral-metabolic phenotype geared toward facing hardship.

18 mponent analysis (PCA) identified domains of hardship.

19 ssed, transportation barriers, and financial hardship.

20 tors included housing problems and financial hardship.

21 ally significantly associated with increased hardship.

22 concerns, and addressing immediate financial hardship.

23 ocial benefits package to mitigate financial hardship.

24 spread of the infection but caused economic hardship.

25 terventions to identify and reduce financial hardship.

26 ty care to all who need it without financial hardship.

27 rvices they need without suffering financial hardship.

28 D diagnoses to address avoidable detrimental hardship.

29 may be particularly vulnerable to financial hardship.

30 but are particularly vulnerable to financial hardship.

31 erience material and psychological financial hardship.

32 ger were more likely to report any financial hardship.

33 ore likely to report psychological financial hardship.

34 more likely to report any material financial hardship.

35 conflict, caregiving demands, and financial hardship.

36 ation) receive them, without undue financial hardship.

37 ering highly and who reported great economic hardship.

38 ion rates increased during times of economic hardship.

39 armers and contribute to social and economic hardship.

40 ed reliance on others, and specific material hardships.

41 opment should address parental socioeconomic hardships.

42 with ensuing mental, financial, and physical hardships.

43 men were also more likely to report economic hardships.

44 f childhood psychiatric disorders and family hardships.

45 sacrifices (0.64 v 0.46), and psychological hardship (0.69 v 0.44), all P < .001.

46 hours, P < 0.0001; change in proportion with hardship: -17%, P < 0.0001; and change in proportion wit

47 %; P < .001), as was psychological financial hardship (31.9% v 14.7%, P < .001).

48 gassing volcanoes, seemingly preferring such hardship [4].

49 housing problems, 4450 (16.1%) had financial hardship, 5358 (19.4%) used alcohol, and 3569 (12.9%) re

50 and thereby buffer kin against environmental hardships [7, 8].

51 lthood in models adjusted for sex and family hardships according to the GSMS cohort (odds ratio [OR]

52 dividual components characterising financial hardship across six domains (medical, non-medical, and i

53 Financial hardship affects health care access and health outcomes

54 tailored interventions to decrease financial hardship along the cancer continuum in diverse health ca

55 was associated with a decreased risk of food hardship among households with children.

56 is associated with an increase of financial hardship among low-income individuals of 0.10 s.d.

57 lbeing and short-term increases in financial hardship among older adults.

58 These findings suggest that financial hardship among peripartum women in the United States was

59 was associated with a decreased risk of food hardship among SNAP-participating compared with nonparti

60 was associated with a decreased risk of food hardship among SNAP-participating households with Hispan

61 esiding in neighborhoods exposed to economic hardship and an adverse physical environment.

62 o highly inequitable, resulting in financial hardship and catastrophic health expenditure for the mos

63 h attenuated the time-dependent link between hardship and cognition.

64 ciations between the experience of financial hardship and cognitive performance throughout adulthood.

65 association between behavioral responses to hardship and cognitive performance, and there was no dif

66 , and the association was mediated by family hardship and disease management.

67 Financial hardship and emergency department visits correlated with

68 The link between workplace hardship and employee turnover may be dependent on facto

69 t associations between measures of financial hardship and fluid cognitive abilities.

70 literacy, financial knowledge, and financial hardship and its domains (material hardship, psychologic

71 of unconditional cash transfers on economic hardship and key family processes that may affect childr

72 nonadherence should focus both on financial hardship and medical therapy prioritization, particularl

73 interruption for 2 doses based on caregiver hardship and one patient had treatment interrupted for 1

74 be sustainable throughout prolonged economic hardship and service disruptions.

75 Economic hardship and social inequality, as well as intergroup an

76 In early adulthood, financial hardship and stress predicted better delayed recall (fin

77 potential factors associated with financial hardship and treatment nonadherence during and following

78 nvestigate factors associated with financial hardship and treatment nonadherence.

79 cally controlling for childhood psychosocial hardships and adult psychiatric problems.

80 he magnitude of the association between such hardships and indicators of mental health deterioration

81 with cancer typically have greater financial hardships and time costs than individuals without cancer

82 reimbursements would have posed a financial hardship, and 4% said they would have been unable to don

83 ts domains (material hardship, psychological hardship, and behavioral hardship).

84 sider in one's family, poor health, economic hardship, and being female.

85 income, asset ownership, household economic hardship, and catastrophic health expenditure).

86 ied, self-isolating 4 days or more, economic hardship, and depression.

87 Disasters cause sweeping damage, hardship, and loss of life.

88 for lower educational achievement, economic hardship, and poor health outcomes in adulthood.

89 ith a lack of social relationships, economic hardship, and poor perceived quality of life at age 50.

90 quality of life (QoL), loneliness, financial hardship, and social contact with family/friends at the

91 ction on mental health, wellbeing, financial hardship, and social interactions among older people liv

92 bjective environment, i.e., war and economic hardships, and by changes in national subjective happine

93 hool, child care, and health care; financial hardships; and remote work.

94 sk of deterioration during times of economic hardship, anti-stigma programmes might still play an act

95 0.96; 95% CI, 0.77-1.19; P = .70), financial hardship (AOR, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.97-1.31; P = .11), alcoho

96 aOR, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.19-3.90), and financial hardship (aOR, 2.22; 95% CI, 1.16-4.28) were significant

97 Elevated levels of water hardship are associated with the social dimensions of ru

98 fe school, unsafe neighborhood, and economic hardship are evident nationally and statewide, while the

99 Factors contributing to sustained financial hardship are unknown.

100 t needed health care do not suffer financial hardship as a result.

101 ed health care do not suffer undue financial hardship as a result.

102 % of patients reported one or more financial hardships as a result of treatment.

103 Cost-related care nonadherence and material hardship, as adopted by Medical Expenditure Panel Survey

104 tic losses, forced displacement, or economic hardships, as well as females, consistently demonstrated

105 ographical access to PHC services, financial hardship associated with health care use and low quality

106 issue has focused on one dimension of water hardship at a time, leaving the full picture incomplete.

107 (P = .84), and 125 (57.6%) reported material hardship at baseline vs 76 (35.0%) at 24 months (P < .00

108 Little is known about how financial hardship because of medical bills affects families' acce

109 Financial hardship because of medical bills was classified into 3

110 In this study, financial hardship because of medical bills was common among famil

111 537 families), 48.9% reported some financial hardship because of medical bills, with 17.0% being unab

112 of depression and patient-reported financial hardship because of medication expenses were independent

113 Compared with those who denied financial hardships because of medical bills, families who were un

114 3) and verbal fluency performance (financial hardship: beta = 0.08, p = 0.001; stress beta = 0.10, p

115 s predicted better delayed recall (financial hardship: beta = 0.08, p = 0.001; stress: beta = 0.07, p

116 categories: no financial hardship, financial hardship but able to pay medical bills, and unable to pa

117 Correlates of hardship can inform survivorship care guidelines and int

118 ash payments with family health and material hardships can inform national policy design to support f

119 Substantial evidence suggests that economic hardship causes violence.

120 U premedical students; students faced family hardships, challenges with virtual learning, and uncerta

121 Social and financial hardships, combined with disease managment and environme

122 vernment welfare, and experiencing financial hardship), common mental disorders such as depression an

123 ven the immunization systems operating under hardship conditions of conflict to absorb the switch act

124 ss both clusters, higher pandemic-associated hardships, coping mechanisms, and behavior changes were

125 rcentage of households that experienced food hardship decreased from 2016 to 2021 (from 62.9% to 48.2

126 to examine the cumulative effect of economic hardship (defined as a total household income of less th

127 Overall financial hardship (denoted by median COST-FACIT score <27 points)

128 ge III colon cancer may experience financial hardship, despite having health insurance coverage.

129 Hers is an extraordinary tale of privilege, hardship, discrimination, shocking perseverance, and gra

130 at we clustered into 6 domains (for example, hardship, disease management).

131 63%-72%) of respondents reporting at least 1 hardship domain (n = 276).

132 ems in 2020, but it is unclear how financial hardship due to out-of-pocket (OOP) health-care costs wa

133 bstantial deficits in policies for financial hardships due to cancer care, specifically for access to

134 istics that predispose patients to financial hardship during cancer treatment are poorly understood.

135 adient on the probability of facing economic hardship during the lockdowns-looming job loss, income l

136 lower socioeconomic grade, greater financial hardship during the pandemic, and working in a key secto

137 tcome was caregiver report of household food hardship during the past 12 months.

138 relationship between instantaneous economic hardships during the COVID-19 lockdown and expressing fe

139 idents' ability to prepare for and cope with hardships during the disaster and recovery; however, dis

140 o individuals who are experiencing financial hardships during these important life stages on health a

141 nd 30% reported at least 1 material economic hardship (eg, food insecurity, housing instability).

142 n ART, we assessed associations of financial hardship, employment, housing, and education with: self-

143 lth care systems and the economic and social hardships endured by many people.

144 To minimize economic hardship, enhance food security, and improve the returns

145 using was associated with all other types of hardships examined.

146 on of marine ecosystems and associated human hardship expected in a future following current trends i

147 s classified into 3 categories: no financial hardship, financial hardship but able to pay medical bil

148 dardized domain score 0.51 v 0.35), material hardship/financial sacrifices (0.64 v 0.46), and psychol

149 Paying such fees is a hardship for African scholars as grant funding is not av

150 etes mellitus represents a risk of financial hardship for Americans and a threat to medical and nonme

151 ructural racism have led to disproportionate hardship for black people in the USA.

152 gher economic inequality increases financial hardship for low-income individuals by reducing their ab

153 Societies have often learnt to cope (despite hardship for some groups) with recurring shorter-term (d

154 services or information or create excessive hardships for other clinicians or the institution, (3) a

155 onic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with hardships for patients and their care partners.

156 employment to 1.88 (1.78-1.98) for financial hardship; for mental health they ranged from 1.61 (1.51-

157 roach to compare changes in the risk of food hardship from before implementation of emergency allotme

158 There was an improvement in financial hardship from diagnosis to 12 months of 0.3 (95% CI, 0.2

159 abetes mellitus had higher odds of financial hardship from medical bills (adjusted odds ratio [aOR],

160 scope and associated tradeoffs of financial hardship from medical bills among nonelderly individuals

161 is to obtain national estimates of financial hardship from medical bills and other financial toxicity

162 ational burden and consequences of financial hardship from medical bills in individuals with CLD.

163 We evaluated the association of financial hardship from medical bills with unplanned health care u

164 ne in 3 adults with CLD experience financial hardship from medical bills, and frequently experience f

165 n [37%, 95% CI: 35%-39%]) reported financial hardship from medical bills, including 549 (representing

166 t of families that reported having financial hardship from medical bills, with 15.6% reporting an ina

167 mellitus have a high prevalence of financial hardship from medical bills, with deleterious consequenc

168 ), as compared to patients without financial hardship from medical bills.

169 her odds of being in families with financial hardship from medical bills.

170 f both policy makers and private citizens to hardships-from natural disasters to mass shootings-is to

171 y not directly increase food insecurity, the hardship generated by the conditions in Area C contribut

172 iaries with cancer are at risk for financial hardship given increasingly expensive cancer care and si

173 on adherence did not differ across financial hardship groups.

174 ere considered to have experienced financial hardship if they accrued debt, sold or refinanced their

175 ors were more likely than siblings to report hardship in >= 1 item (63.4% v 53.7%, P < .001).

176 thout economic hardship, those with economic hardship in 1965, 1974, and 1983 were much more likely t

177 increased odds of pandemic-related economic hardship in a cohort of US families.

178 l burden, causing both personal and economic hardship in an increasingly aging population.

179 Financial hardship in childhood cancer contributes to poor health

180 icies and interventions to address financial hardship in childhood cancer.

181 penditures are important causes of financial hardship in many patients with cancer, even in high-inco

182 a to estimate the relative risk of financial hardship in patients with cancer versus individuals with

183 literacy and its association with financial hardship in patients with cancer, especially after contr

184 cture by documenting the full scope of water hardship in the United States and find evidence of a reg

185 Malaria causes much physical and economic hardship in tropical regions, particularly in communitie

186 ould consider the range and configuration of hardships in designing the most effective interventions

187 rding to need, and protection from financial hardship, including possible impoverishment, due to out-

188 nts had significantly lower adjusted odds of hardships, including food insecurity (adjusted odds rati

189 Given associations of economic hardships, including food insecurity, with child protect

190 ., these were mostly replaced with financial hardship indicators including having to move because of

191 The use of the term financial hardship instead of WHO's key End TB Strategy indicator

192 among households with children and economic hardship is a persistent US challenge.

193 evidence that the onset (shock) of financial hardship is a potent stressor associated with occasion-s

194 Patient-reported financial hardship is an increasing challenge in cancer care deliv

195 The degree of cancer patients' financial hardship is dynamic and can change over time.

196 Sustained economic hardship leads to poorer physical, psychological, and co

197 r family (e.g., parenting, sociodemographic) hardships; MAOA genotype; indices of aggressive and anti

198 he child's perspective, exposure to economic hardship may begin as early as conception, potentially v

199 indings study suggest that times of economic hardship may intensify social exclusion of people with m

200 als and easing child suffering and financial hardship may mitigate parental PD.

201 by principal component analysis: behavioral hardship (mean standardized domain score 0.51 v 0.35), m

202 The primary end point was financial hardship, measured using the Comprehensive Score for Fin

203 sex, parental education, childhood economic hardship, nativity, and cell-type proportions.

204 ble housing and health care and food-related hardships, neighborhood conditions, and adverse childhoo

205 was associated with lower odds of financial hardship (odds ratio, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.68-0.99; P = .04).

206 ses, given the enormous search space and the hardship of assessment on the spatiotemporal status of C

207 disproportionately intensifies the financial hardship of low-income individuals.

208 identified as challenges to coping with the hardship of resilience to food insecurity.

209 ng moderate pain, and subjects estimated the hardship of the procedure at 24 +/- 25 visual analog sca

210 These data reveal a neural basis behind the hardships of dieting.

211 limit the economic, psychological, and legal hardships of financial incapacity on patients with demen

212 quality gap, contributes to massive economic hardships of patients and carers, and increases costs to

213 umatic events, family conflict, and material hardship on average compared with White children, and th

214 ay of social determinants (such as financial hardship or domestic violence and abuse) that might lead

215 not appear to address self-reported economic hardship or standard survey measures of maternal well-be

216 ial worry was associated with lower material hardship (OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.80-0.96).

217 employed was associated with lower material hardship (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.78-0.93), while receipt of

218 ety-net hospitals was associated with higher hardship (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.01-1.17).

219 otherapy was associated with higher material hardship (OR, 2.68; 95% CI, 1.15-6.29), while lower fina

220 s in follow-up because of illness, financial hardship, or noncompliance.

221 The prevalence of financial hardship outcomes did not substantially change between 2

222 ions of CTC receipt with health outcomes and hardships over time.

223 her basic needs) and behavioral responses to hardship (pawning items and seeking help from community

224 evel of cognitive performance, but financial hardship predicted lower decline in delayed recall (beta

225 performance in older age, whereas financial hardship predicted lower verbal fluency (beta = - 0.06,

226 We systematically reviewed financial hardship prevalence and individual components characteri

227 financial hardship and its domains (material hardship, psychological hardship, and behavioral hardshi

228 tal income, education, occupation, financial hardship (range, 0-15; higher score indicates more hards

229 sesses the psychological domain of financial hardship (range, 0-44; higher score indicates better fin

230 motivated treatment nonadherence and broader hardships related to medical expenses).

231 w transgender women community connectedness) hardship reported PrEP awareness more frequently than HI

232 ip (range, 0-15; higher score indicates more hardship), reported by mothers between 32 weeks' gestati

233 nificant improvements in subjective economic hardship reports or quality of play with infants; and sm

234 an center reported a great deal of financial hardship resulting from their children's illness.

235 can ancestry and readmission was mediated by hardship (sB = 3.42, P < .001) and disease management (s

236 adult place satisfaction, whereas financial hardship slightly lowers it.

237 Components characterising financial hardship spanned the six domains and showed variation ac

238 ortation, language assistance, and financial hardship subsidies.

239 Survivors reported greater hardship than siblings in all three domains identified b

240 cer were more likely to experience financial hardship than siblings.

241 cial needs, 907 (27.3%) experienced material hardships that would make it difficult for them to isola

242 characteristics and experiences of economic hardship, the odds of reporting pandemic-related economi

243 comparing the graded categories of financial hardship, there was a stepwise increase in the prevalenc

244 Our study shows that, despite the hardships they inflict, shocks to the economy can also b

245 As compared with subjects without economic hardship, those with economic hardship in 1965, 1974, an

246 -causes climatic extremes and socio-economic hardship throughout the tropical Indian Ocean region.

247 0.0001), and less likely to report financial hardship to access rehabilitation services (0.53, 0.52-0

248 gest individual pathway from early financial hardship to adult lung function was through poor housing

249 oductive disease, a major source of economic hardship to agriculture.

250 ce knowledge will be available without undue hardship to those publishing HIV drug resistance studies

251 detailed geography of relative deprivation (hardship) to demonstrate that different family groups to

252 early age at onset of use, and environmental hardship) to produce an elevated risk for the disorder.

253 included younger age (65-75 years), economic hardship, tobacco and illicit drug use, and residing in

254 with any material or psychological financial hardship using separate multivariable logistic regressio

255 isease management, access, and socioeconomic hardship variable.

256 ement, access to care, and socioeconomic and hardship variables across racial groups.

257 Socioeconomic hardship variables explained 53% of the observed dispari

258 isease management, access, and socioeconomic hardship variables were measured; their roles in underst

259 ted hazard ratio [HR] for greatest financial hardship vs none 2.3, 95% CI 1.4-3.9; non-employment 3.0

260 , age, and ethnic origin: greatest financial hardship vs none 2.4, 95% CI 1.6-3.4; non-employment 2.0

261 Financial hardship was assessed by markers of scarcity (being unab

262 Financial hardship was assessed using the COST-FACIT (Comprehensiv

263 A 1-point increase in financial hardship was associated with increased odds of disordere

264 Financial hardship was associated with poverty and income loss in

265 ancial literacy, the prevalence of financial hardship was high.

266 Prevalence of financial hardship was higher using the National Health Interview

267 Psychological financial hardship was measured as ever worrying about paying larg

268 Financial hardship was measured by 21 survey items derived from US

269 Material financial hardship was measured by ever (1) borrowing money or goi

270 Material financial hardship was more common in cancer survivors age 18 to 6

271 with early-stage colorectal cancer, material hardship was more common than cost-related cancer care n

272 Such hardship was significantly less common among White compa

273 for multiple testing when current financial hardship was used as the interaction term.

274 for childhood psychiatric problems or family hardships, we found that victims continued to have a hig

275 odds of reporting pandemic-related economic hardship were 2.0 to 3.7 times higher among families hea

276 Factors associated with financial hardship were assessed using longitudinal multivariable

277 s of interpersonal instability and financial hardship were associated with a significantly higher ris

278 apy, child symptoms/suffering, and financial hardship were associated with PD.

279 ls who were less likely to endorse financial hardship were more likely to have greater educational at

280 e last year and self-rated current financial hardship were used as measures of recent/ongoing psychos

281 associated with treatment-related financial hardship were younger age and lower annual household inc

282 hcare services and protection from financial hardship when using healthcare.

283 The association of financial hardship with adverse outcomes was stronger among patien

284 Although there were lower odds of financial hardship with increased health insurance literacy, the a

285 safe space to build relationships and share hardship with peers, hospital setting for peer support i

286 low occupational qualification and financial hardship with presenting symptoms and HRQoL in patients

287 Three measures of financial hardship within the last year were evaluated: (1) unmet

288 We describe the financial hardship, work disruptions, income loss, and coping stra