ライフサイエンスコーパス: imprinted gene

1 with the mode of inheritance expected for an imprinted gene.

2 thylation at regulatory elements controlling imprinted genes.

3 spectrum disorder (ASD) candidate genes, and imprinted genes.

4 ously identified temporally activated and/or imprinted genes.

5 d for parental origin-specific expression of imprinted genes.

6 rier is mediated by suppressed expression of imprinted genes.

7 an individual is not sufficient to identify imprinted genes.

8 ethylation and allele-specific expression of imprinted genes.

9 icroRNAs, including neighboring reciprocally imprinted genes.

10 mplex nature and developmental importance of imprinted genes.

11 ription is under the control of the extended imprinted genes.

12 search has not demonstrated paternal bias in imprinted genes.

13 tic pathways regulate most of the identified imprinted genes.

14 ut overall up-regulation in the other nearby imprinted genes.

15 xpression of paternal or maternal alleles of imprinted genes.

16 rome, both of which involve dysregulation of imprinted genes.

17 oup of hypomethylated genes was enriched for imprinted genes.

18 dence supports perhaps 100 additional weakly imprinted genes.

19 se dispositions may be subject to effects of imprinted genes.

20 evels agreed well with methylation levels at imprinted genes.

21 d eight other genes, including non-canonical imprinted genes.

22 negatively associated with the expression of imprinted genes.

23 Both BWS and LOS involve misregulation of imprinted genes.

24 and intersected them with the list of human imprinted genes.

25 nes, including zinc finger protein (ZFP) and imprinted genes.

26 ipheral blood leukocytes at DMRs of 22 human imprinted genes.

27 creased mRNA expression of the corresponding imprinted genes.

28 rations in DNA methylation and expression at imprinted genes.

29 cluding 41 novel and independently validated imprinted genes.

30 Thus Grb10 is, so far, a unique imprinted gene, able to influence distinct physiological

31 Here we show that the majority of A. lyrata imprinted genes also exhibit parentally biased expressio

32 More recently, it has become evident that imprinted genes also have important roles after birth.

33 14 d after pollination was used to identify imprinted genes among a set of ~12,000 genes that were e

34 on the differentially methylated regions of imprinted genes, an additional fine tuning of the expres

35 normal epigenetic reprogramming of the three imprinted genes analyzed.

36 tion of imprinting control regions of select imprinted genes and a global reduction in DNA methylatio

37 With the exception of imprinted genes and certain repeats, DNA methylation is

38 , we not only show that misregulation of non-imprinted genes and loss-of-imprinting characterize the

39 These imprinted genes and mechanisms could be used to improve

40 of both maternally and paternally expressed imprinted genes and microRNAs, including neighboring rec

41 t a major decrease in expression of multiple imprinted genes and microRNAs, which is partially mimick

42 dentified signals that control expression of imprinted genes and miRNAs through transcriptional mecha

43 ing similar mechanisms for the regulation of imprinted genes and non-coding RNAs.

44 methylomes are tightly connected with known imprinted genes and precisely delineate the boundaries o

45 methylated regions for the identification of imprinted genes and suggest that parent-of-origin depend

46 Epigenetic regulation of imprinted genes and transposable elements has been impli

47 egulatory networks of transcription factors, imprinted genes, and loci marked with histone H3 trimeth

48 pomethylation, which is reversible except at imprinted genes, and that the X chromosome status resemb

49 e loci, including the inactive X chromosome, imprinted genes, and the facioscapulohumeral muscular dy

50 Many imprinted genes appear to be highly interconnected throu

51 However, several growth-associated imprinted genes are also expressed in the embryonic CNS,

52 Imprinted genes are commonly expressed in mammalian plac

53 the current study, we sought to test whether imprinted genes are differentially expressed between the

54 Imprinted genes are dosage sensitive, and their dysregul

55 hat the expression levels of the majority of imprinted genes are downregulated in primary tumors comp

56 Maternally expressed imprinted genes are enriched for hypomethylation at puta

57 ing pre-natal nutrition and growth, and most imprinted genes are expressed and imprinted in the place

58 als, one of the female X chromosomes and all imprinted genes are expressed exclusively from a single

59 Imprinted genes are expressed from only one allele in a

60 Imprinted genes are expressed primarily or exclusively f

61 s the evolutionary fluidity with which novel imprinted genes are gained and lost within genomes.

62 As such, many imprinted genes are highly expressed in sex-specific rep

63 However, many LTR retrotransposons and imprinted genes are impervious to such global epigenetic

64 ve speculation, but no robust evidence, that imprinted genes are involved in preeclampsia.

65 these striking phenotypes, only a handful of imprinted genes are known or suspected to regulate brain

66 Imprinted genes are monoallelically expressed according

67 Effects of imprinted genes are not predicted in interactions with n

68 Clusters of imprinted genes are often controlled by an imprinting ce

69 Many imprinted genes are often epigenetically affected in hum

70 demonstrating that also maternally expressed imprinted genes are perturbed during hybridization and t

71 Overall, the results indicate that several imprinted genes are sexually different in terms of their

72 uring hybridization and that such effects on imprinted genes are specific to the species combination.

73 Finally, many imprinted genes are up-regulated in chromaffin cells and

74 The expression levels of these imprinted genes are usually greater in males than in fem

75 s a master regulator of paternally expressed imprinted genes, as well as of non-imprinted key regulat

76 The monoallelic expression of imprinted genes at these three loci was maintained.

77 to wipe out remaining methylation, including imprinted genes, at the late reprogramming stage.

78 Our analysis did not reveal any novel imprinted genes, but detected extended parental allele-s

79 The epigenetic regulation of imprinted genes by monoallelic DNA methylation of either

80 ndance of genomic data has demonstrated that imprinted genes can be important contributors to complex

81 ons at known imprinted regions and uncovered imprinted gene candidates within and outside known impri

82 encing, identified missense mutations in the imprinted gene CDKN1C (also known as P57KIP2) in two fam

83 kinase inhibitor p57(kip2) is encoded by an imprinted gene Cdkn1c, with the paternal allele being si

84 ts show that proper expression levels of the imprinted genes CDKN1C and PHLDA2 are critical for embry

85 lly inherited microduplications spanning the imprinted genes CDKN1C, PHLDA2, SLC22A18 and KCNQ1, sugg

86 These results demonstrate a link between an imprinted gene cluster and malignancy, reveal a new path

87 paternally derived gene expression from the imprinted gene cluster on human chromosome 15q11-q13.

88 hylationacross a discrete domain spanning an imprinted gene cluster within the duplicated region.

89 Imprinted gene clusters are regulated by long noncoding

90 xpression and DNA methylation at established imprinted gene clusters.

91 d monoallelic expression to several genes in imprinted gene clusters.

92 If true, epigenetically regulated imprinted genes, critical to normal growth and developme

93 For the first time, an imprinted gene directly involved in this process has bee

94 In mammals, imprinted genes directly regulate placental function and

95 Thirty-two known ubiquitously imprinted genes displayed correct parental allele-specif

96 The 78 candidate imprinted genes displayed parent-of-origin expression bi

97 nsulin sensitivity, including the maternally imprinted gene DLGAP2.

98 on is maintained at LTR retrotransposons and imprinted genes during developmental stages when DNA met

99 rice endosperm and functional tests of five imprinted genes during seed development using Clustered

100 ittle is known about the functions of bovine imprinted genes during the pre-implantation period.

101 riptome organization, and obesity-associated imprinted gene dysregulation.

102 DIRAS3 (also known as ARH1 or NOEY1) is an imprinted gene encoding a protein belonging to the RAS s

103 duces paternally expressed gene 3 (Peg3), an imprinted gene encoding a zinc finger transcription fact

104 Mkrn3, the maternally imprinted gene encoding the makorin RING-finger protein-

105 ce with differing allelic dosage of Igf2, an imprinted gene encoding the potent embryonic and tumour

106 ng the germline epigenetic erasure including imprinted genes, epimutations, and erasure-resistant loc

107 and discuss mechanisms and systems in which imprinted genes exert a significant role.

108 e level similar to maternal chromatin, while imprinted genes exhibit allelic accessibility bias.

109 the possibility that intriguing networks of imprinted genes exist and are important for genetic and

110 f the maternally inherited copy of UBE3A, an imprinted gene expressed biallelically in most tissues,

111 Overlaps between imprinted sRNA loci and imprinted genes expressed from opposite alleles suggest

112 cent studies that have identified changes in imprinted gene expression and erosion of X chromosome in

113 versity within a species can readily perturb imprinted gene expression and phenotype as well.

114 Imprinted gene expression associated with Prader-Willi s

115 igenetic mechanisms regulating non-canonical imprinted gene expression between embryonic and extra-em

116 DNA methylation mediates imprinted gene expression by passing an epigenomic state

117 ses reconcile previous studies on siRNAs and imprinted gene expression during seed development.

118 Flowering plant imprinted gene expression has been described primarily i

119 Here we review imprinted gene expression in intra- and interspecies hyb

120 The regulation of imprinted gene expression in this region is coordinated

121 Our results show that imprinted gene expression is an extensive mechanisticall

122 Imprinted gene expression is one consequence of a large-

123 Imprinted gene expression occurs during seed development

124 In plants, imprinted gene expression occurs in endosperm seed tissu

125 -IC) within 15q11.2-13.3 disrupts long-range imprinted gene expression resulting in Prader-Willi synd

126 ails about the regulation of dosage-critical imprinted gene expression through the regulated binding

127 Imprinted gene expression--the biased expression of alle

128 ediated genetic and epigenetic regulation of imprinted gene expression.

129 nderstand the effect of natural selection on imprinted gene expression.

130 hylation mediates parent-of-origin-specific (imprinted) gene expression but is apparently unnecessary

131 We identify a novel imprinted gene, Fkbp6, which has a critical function in

132 , I bring together studies of the effects of imprinted genes from the prenatal period onwards.

133 developmental brain functions influenced by imprinted genes, from neural development and wiring to s

134 With the identification of endogenous imprinted genes, genomic imprinting became well-establis

135 Imprinted genes, giving rise to parent-of-origin effects

136 icle, the growth effects associated with the imprinted gene Grb10 are consistent with this idea, but

137 Using the mouse as a model, we identify the imprinted gene Grb10 as a mediator of nutrient supply an

138 S OBs exhibited impaired upregulation of the imprinted gene H19 during osteogenesis.

139 egions) controlling two paternally repressed imprinted genes, H19 and Gtl2, can efficiently support t

140 ion the parental allele specificity of known imprinted genes, H19, Igf2, Igf2as, Cdkn1c, Kcnq1ot1, an

141 ific DNA methylation and expression at three imprinted genes, H19, Snrpn, and Peg3, in somatic cells

142 Disruption of imprinted genes has also been suggested to mediate endos

143 Elucidation of the function of many imprinted genes has been hampered by the lack of corresp

144 Our data suggest that most of the strongly imprinted genes have already been identified, at least i

145 While many imprinted genes have been identified in plants, the func

146 Although many imprinted genes have been identified in plants, the func

147 Imprinted genes have been identified in several animal s

148 Imprinted genes have been implicated in early embryonic,

149 Similarly, an increasing number of imprinted genes have been implicated in regulating feedi

150 they might represent a pool from which many imprinted genes have evolved.

151 It has long been established that imprinted genes have major effects on development and pl

152 rors are minimized by the tight control that imprinted genes have on regulation of downstream evoluti

153 identified in plants, the functions of these imprinted genes have remained largely uninvestigated.

154 An additional 78 candidate imprinted genes identified by RNA sequencing also showed

155 The imprinted maize genes were compared with imprinted genes identified in genome-wide screens of ric

156 ation, and implicated the involvement of the imprinted gene IGF2 in this process.

157 The imprinted genes IGF2 and IGF2R code for the growth promo

158 otein kinase), and several growth regulatory imprinted genes (Igf2, Dlk1, Snrpn, Grb10, and H19) inde

159 tially expressed genes (DEGs), including the imprinted gene IGF2R, could be associated with the neigh

160 gen 6 complex, locus G6C, a newly identified imprinted gene in the major histocompatibility complex.

161 describes a novel mechanism of control of an imprinted gene in the regulation of adult neurogenesis t

162 This suggests that the number of imprinted genes in a typical mouse somatic tissue is rel

163 ry, we characterized previously unidentified imprinted genes in bovines and identified misregulation

164 a solid reference for expression profiles of imprinted genes in embryos produced using assisted repro

165 Given the role of imprinted genes in human placentation and the vulnerabil

166 importance of proper expression of specific imprinted genes in induced pluripotent stem cells and in

167 ht and the number of biallelically expressed imprinted genes in LOS fetuses.

168 Biallelic expression of imprinted genes in LOS was associated with tissue-specif

169 there loss of allele-specific expression of imprinted genes in LOS, but also differential transcript

170 sulted in the identification of 100 putative imprinted genes in maize endosperm, including 54 materna

171 elic parent of origin-specific expression of imprinted genes in mammals is regulated by differentiall

172 characterized the epigenetic instability of imprinted genes in multiple human cancers.

173 ypomethylation and enriched dysregulation of imprinted genes in Naa10p-knockout embryos and embryonic

174 e for CTCF and cohesins in the repression of imprinted genes in somatic cells.

175 ut mice revealed hypermethylation of DMRs of imprinted genes in sperm, which can be traced back to PG

176 rk has also demonstrated intricate roles for imprinted genes in the brain, with important consequence

177 We did not detect any imprinted genes in the embryo.

178 igin effects, suggesting a possible role for imprinted genes in the evolution of Mimulus hybrid seed

179 The number of imprinted genes in the mammalian genome is predicted to

180 RNA-seq reveals extensive dysregulation of imprinted genes in the next generation due to paternal l

181 confirmed the imprinting status of 23 known imprinted genes in the placenta and found that 12 genes

182 ificant changes in epigenetic markers of key imprinted genes in the placenta.

183 thylation and silencing at a cluster of four imprinted genes in the Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) locus

184 methylated regions in order to identify new imprinted genes in their vicinity.

185 lencing, as in the monoallelic expression of imprinted genes, in the silencing of transposons, and in

186 This pattern is also evident for imprinted genes, in which more chromatin contacts are de

187 One development is regarding analyses of imprinted genes, in which recent work suggests the possi

188 e to provide a high confidence list of mouse imprinted genes including 18 novel genes.

189 e we show upregulation of growth-restricting imprinted genes, including in the H19-Igf2 locus, in lon

190 We identified 12 known placenta imprinted genes, including KCNQ1 Mendelian randomization

191 Monoallelic expression of imprinted genes, including ones solely expressed in the

192 This disomic region contains imprinted genes, including the gene encoding the cell cy

193 t the parental allele-specific expression of imprinted genes, indicating that DOT1L is not needed for

194 Recent work on postnatal stages shows that imprinted genes influence an extraordinarily wide-rangin

195 levels have been reported as well, including imprinted genes involved in development and growth.

196 ) that control the monoallelic expression of imprinted genes involved in metabolism, growth, and deve

197 d to compare the methylation levels of seven imprinted genes involved in prenatal and postnatal growt

198 The PEG3 protein encoded by this imprinted gene is predicted to bind DNA based on its mul

199 Dosage of imprinted genes is crucial for normal development and it

200 inted expression of the linked, reciprocally imprinted genes is explained by parent-of-origin-specifi

201 rlap between previously identified panels of imprinted genes is limited.

202 ignificance statement: Altered expression of imprinted genes is linked to cognitive dysfunction and n

203 Thus, the sexual bias observed in the imprinted genes is most likely attributable by gonadal h

204 Parent-of-origin-specific expression at imprinted genes is regulated by allele-specific DNA meth

205 deduce that the importance of the number of imprinted genes is secondary to their interactions.

206 The most direct way to identify imprinted genes is to directly score the DAE in a contex

207 , a developmentally regulated and maternally imprinted gene, is frequently overexpressed in pediatric

208 Dlk1, a member of a cluster of imprinted genes, is expressed from the paternally inheri

209 rm, rather than loss of paternally expressed imprinted genes, is the primary cause of embryonic letha

210 y, iPS cells exhibited aberrant silencing of imprinted genes known to participate in endoderm differe

211 ed in the complete loss of expression of the imprinted genes L3MBTL1 and SGK2, indicative of a pathog

212 Peg3 (paternally expressed gene 3) is an imprinted gene localized within an evolutionarily conser

213 Maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) is an imprinted gene located at 14q32 that encodes a lncRNA, a

214 MKRN3 is a paternally expressed, imprinted gene located in the Prader-Willi syndrome crit

215 rome and Dup15q syndrome map to a cluster of imprinted genes located at 15q11-q13.

216 Expression levels of 18 imprinted genes (MAGEL2, UBE3A, IGF2R, NAP1L5, TSSC4, PE

217 lenged the interpretation of a study into an imprinted gene, maintaining that conflict, rather than m

218 that the transcriptional regulation of these imprinted genes may be influenced by unknown mechanisms

219 al and/or variance in reproductive success), imprinted genes may evolve to modulate social behaviour,

220 in overall developmental toxicity, and some imprinted genes may respond to Cd exposure in a manner t

221 Leukocyte DNA methylation levels of selected imprinted genes may therefore serve as surrogate markers

222 with decreased expression of the maternally imprinted genes Mest, Sfrp2, and Dlk1, which encode prot

223 We also show that several imprinted genes (Mest, Peg3, Snrpn and Meg3) are aberran

224 tion influences offspring repeat element and imprinted gene methylation.

225 ely to be caused by transposable elements or imprinted gene misregulation, and its repression by the

226 Rare variants near the imprinted genes MKRN3 and DLK1 were identified, exhibiti

227 By integrating human imprinted gene network (IGN) into functional genomic ana

228 s the expression of several genes within the Imprinted Gene Network (IGN), involved in growth control

229 Loss of ATRX prevents full repression of an imprinted gene network in the postnatal brain and in thi

230 is characterized by reduced expression of an imprinted gene network including Nnat, Peg3, Cdkn1c, and

231 stem cells for another member of a putative imprinted gene network that may influence organismal gro

232 l Ube3a deletion in mouse, the complexity of imprinted gene networks in brain nor the molecular basis

233 ortant implications for the understanding of imprinted gene networks.

234 Imprinted genes occur in discrete clusters that are coor

235 ch, we identified a core group of 15 ancient imprinted genes, of which 10 were paternally expressed.

236 ssess the influence of altered expression of imprinted genes on developmental progress of embryos usi

237 tion or inactivation of paternally expressed imprinted genes on human chromosome 15q11-q13.

238 e placental expression levels of 74 putative imprinted genes on placental log-Cd concentrations while

239 s-homologue interaction between reciprocally imprinted genes on the maternally and paternally inherit

240 ne ontology analysis showed an enrichment of imprinted genes (P = 9.53 x 10(-10)) and genes previousl

241 The differential regulation of a set of imprinted genes, particularly DLX5, H19, and NDN, in ass

242 lation status within 3 maternally methylated imprinted genes: paternally expressed gene 3 (PEG3), ins

243 zed within the 3'-untranslated region of the imprinted gene, Peg3.

244 We measured methylation of LINE1 and the imprinted genes, PEG3, SNRPN, and IGF2, in cord blood.

245 nctional requirement of paternally expressed imprinted genes (PEGs) during seed development in Arabid

246 eatures associated with paternally expressed imprinted genes (PEGs).

247 he underlying mechanisms, the full extent of imprinted gene perturbation still remains to be determin

248 ns of selection, suggesting that a subset of imprinted genes play an important functional role and ar

249 Additionally, we derived an imprinted gene predictor algorithm based on our allele-s

250 s include all paternally expressed autosomal imprinted genes previously demonstrated to be independen

251 we determined allele-specific expression of imprinted genes previously identified in human and/or mo

252 c methylation (RGM) that relies on a minimal imprinted gene promoter driving a fluorescent protein.

253 syndrome (AS/PWS) domain contains at least 8 imprinted genes regulated by a bipartite imprinting cent

254 rly human development and DNA methylation of imprinted gene regulatory elements in adulthood.

255 ites, intracisternal A particles (IAPs), and imprinted genes remain relatively resistant to erasure.

256 Instead, what appears to unite most imprinted genes sensitive to SMCHD1 is their reliance on

257 Over 10% of imprinted genes show evidence of allelic variation for i

258 T3 to the paternal transcribed allele of the imprinted gene Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein-associate

259 sue DNA methylation for most of the analyzed imprinted genes, Spearman's correlations were statistica

260 s found overlapping CpG islands and exons of imprinted genes such as MEST and GNAS in early-postpartu

261 Dysregulation of imprinted genes, such as those within the Dlk1-Dio3 locu

262 Gene ontology enrichment analysis of the imprinted genes suggested that 10-DAP endosperm-specific

263 mous substitution ratios compared with other imprinted genes, suggesting a history of more rapid evol

264 idgestation, with loss of DNA methylation on imprinted genes, suggesting that DMAP1 influences mainte

265 esin with the control regions of a subset of imprinted genes, supporting the notion that imprinting c

266 ing genes and therefore may help explain why imprinted genes tend to be found in clusters.

267 Our results showed that LRE is a rare imprinted gene that functions immediately after double f

268 0) is a signal adapter protein encoded by an imprinted gene that has roles in growth control, cellula

269 Grb10 is, therefore, the first example of an imprinted gene that regulates social behaviour.

270 e in mammals, Meg1 is a maternally expressed imprinted gene that surprisingly acts to promote rather

271 expression among the tissues and most of the imprinted genes that are expressed solely from the pater

272 ifications deposited at different alleles of imprinted genes that are required for genomic imprinting

273 he expression of a network of epigenetically imprinted genes that have been implicated in cell growth

274 al aspects of a scheme for identification of imprinted genes that makes use of RNA sequencing (RNA-se

275 H19 and Igf2 are linked imprinted genes that play critical roles in development.

276 Imprinted genes themselves have undergone purifying sele

277 he addition of our validated set of placenta-imprinted genes, this maternal bias has disappeared.

278 an development, and this is primarily due to imprinted genes, those that are monoallelically expresse

279 om mother to fetus; however, none of the >60 imprinted genes thus far reported in plants have been de

280 human placentation and the vulnerability of imprinted genes to loss of imprinting changes, there has

281 oss of neuronal expression of the paternally imprinted gene Ube3a in Angelman syndrome results in sel

282 It is caused by maternal deficiency of the imprinted gene UBE3A, encoding an E3 ubiquitin ligase.

283 ency of genes, failure to express parentally imprinted genes, uncovering of X chromosome mutations, a

284 gnature of MEFs and potentially detect novel imprinted genes we performed strand- and allele-specific

285 As a first-pass scan for novel imprinted genes, we performed mRNA-seq experiments on em

286 evolutionary signature of parental conflict, imprinted genes were enriched for coexpressed pairs of m

287 Nearly all imprinted genes were imprinted in early development and

288 Imprinted genes were overrepresented among genes that we

289 The majority of imprinted genes were parentally biased in the same manne

290 Twenty-six imprinted genes were quantified in bovine in vivo produc

291 Imprinted genes were recently shown to be expressed in m

292 Imprinted genes, which exhibit monoallelic expression ba

293 Specifically, we targeted imprinted genes, which play important roles in allocatio

294 have sought to identify the genes, including imprinted genes, which regulate the development of the t

295 Imprinted genes with parental-biased allelic expression

296 Here we show that only 5% of known imprinted genes with paternal allele silencing are monoa

297 to display an excess of maternally expressed imprinted genes, with the addition of our validated set

298 tal 5-methylcytosine content and reactivates imprinted genes (without causing myeloid differentiation

299 Herein we show that the maternally imprinted gene Zac1 is a critical regulator of neocortic

300 ge progression, we focused on the maternally imprinted gene Zac1.