ライフサイエンスコーパス: joule

1 article's energy as [Formula: see text] (~40 joules).

2 uced with yields of 5 x 10(17) molecules per joule.

3 verity with impact energies between 2 and 10 joules.

4 lobe rupture required a minimum energy of 10 joules.

5 alysis) consistently occurred at energies >7 joules.

6 rugal energy expenditure of few tens of nano-Joules.

7 e a radiated seismic energy of ~1.5 x 10(17) joules.

8 ve linear relationship between total energy (Joules) administered with logMAR best-corrected visual a

9 urred at relatively low impact energy of 3.5 joules among test eyes.

10 However, resonances can be dampened by Joule and radiation losses.

11 system hysteresis (pressure-volume loop [in Joules]) and stress relaxation (airway pressure drop dur

12 ent; 3.5 joules--moderate angle recession; 4 joules--anterior lens dislocation; 4.8 joules--peripapil

13 electron and 4.8 mL of water are pumped per joule at a flow rate of 0.13 mL min(-1) V(-1) cm(-2), an

14 7.5 joules--corneal stromal distraction; 9.3 joules--choroidal segmentation; and 10 joules--globe rup

15 followed by dye extrusion and exposure to 5 Joule/cm(2) light energy at 5 x 10(6) cells/mL.

16 Using 1.0 Joule/cm2 UVA, the lowest dose of S-59, AMT and 8-MOP re

17 (2) Cytokine synthesis: Treatment with 1.9 Joules/cm2 UVA and 150 micromol/L S-59 or AMT completely

18 DNA adduct formation: The combination of 1.9 Joules/cm2 UVA and 150 micromol/L S-59, AMT, or 8-MOP in

19 eatment with 150 mumol/L S-59 and 1.0 to 3.0 Joules/cm2 UVA inactivated >5.4 +/- 0.3 log10 of T cells

20 r treatment with 75 micromol/L 8-MOP and 1.9 Joules/cm2 UVA, only low levels of IL-8 were detected.

21 nsformed murine T cells (RMA) to low dose (3 joules/cm2) ultraviolet A energy and 8-methoxypsoralen (

22 ssion, iridodialysis, and cyclodialysis; 7.5 joules--corneal stromal distraction; 9.3 joules--choroid

23 Energy values [in attojoules (10(-18) joules)] derived from these measurements show that the a

24 o accurately investigate the interplay among Joule effect, heat dissipation and the external temperat

25 t low operating voltages with femto- to pico-joule energies per spiking event, and detailed analysis

26 to generate cold plasma discharge with only joule energy level electrical input, thus providing a de

27 nstrate isentropic expansion-compression and Joule expansion for negative optical temperatures, enabl

28 Here we use Scanning Joule Expansion Microscopy to demonstrate that, in funct

29 t with energies of approximately 10(5)-10(8) joules, flash durations as short as 5.4 milliseconds and

30 ; 9.3 joules--choroidal segmentation; and 10 joules--globe rupture.

31 restrial 'superbolts'-of (0.02-1.6) x 10(10) joules-have been interpreted as tracers of moist convect

32 rbed RF energy in brain tissue converts into Joule heat and affects the nuclear magnetic shielding an

33 vity of the copolymer film permits efficient Joule heat dissipation and, accordingly, excellent cycli

34 er above to facilitate air vibration through Joule heat release.

35 The attractive advantages of Joule-heat-free transmission of information, utilization

36 insights into heat dissipation mechanisms of Joule heated nanotube devices that are more complex than

37 ized particles in reduced graphene oxide are Joule heated to high temperature ( approximately 1,700 K

38 mechanical coupling (>600% strain); ii) with Joule-heated healing and reprocessability; iii) with ele

39 etry reveals a temperature gradient across a joule-heated microstructure that is undetectable with di

40 arbon, which diffuses through the walls of a Joule-heated tantalum tube filled with graphite powder.

41 rmometer, we mapped the thermal expansion of Joule-heated, 80-nanometer-thick aluminum wires by preci

42 Enabled by an integrated Joule heater at the printhead, extruded thermosetting in

43 egrated microfluidic reactor with a built-in Joule heater for nanomaterial synthesis.

44 We employ a programmable carbon-felt Joule heater that concurrently function as mechanical ca

45 oth localized plasmonic resonators and local Joule heaters upon application of an external bias.

46 As transparent Joule heaters, even without optimization, these SCT devi

47 gh as 600 V/cm could be applied with minimal Joule heating (<2 degrees C).

48 Here, we introduce flash Joule heating (FJH) combined with chlorination (FJH-Cl(2

49 ocess (~3000 degrees C, ~1 s) based on flash Joule heating (FJH) for activating wastes to improve REE

50 e, we report a solvent- and water-free flash Joule heating (FJH) method combined with magnetic separa

51 -derived flash graphene (AFG), via the flash joule heating (FJH) process.

52 We use here a pulsed dc flash Joule heating (FJH) strategy that heats the black mass,

53 Here we describe a flash-within-flash Joule heating (FWF) technique-a non-equilibrium, ultrafa

54 me was 20 min for careful operation to limit Joule heating and electroendosmosis.

55 During Joule heating and electron beam irradiation, carbon atom

56 Paper based ITP is challenged by Joule heating and evaporation because it is open to the

57 helps suppress the negative impacts such as Joule heating and gas bubble evolution from common nanos

58 Here, Joule heating and inefficient thermal dissipation are sh

59 is typically considered to be the result of Joule heating and is overlooked without an appropriate a

60 t of electroporation protocols that minimize Joule heating and maximize cell viability.

61 In this study, we investigated Joule heating and pH as parameters controlling the dewat

62 ven control of magnetization, which involves Joule heating and power dissipation.

63 constructive interference effect between the Joule heating and temperature-dependent resistance effec

64 Electromagnetic mechanism of Joule heating and thermal conduction on conductive mater

65 0.1 MV.cm(-1), indicating that effects from Joule heating are minor.

66 temperature gradients resulting from intense Joule heating at constrictions between grains.

67 the unwanted side effects of electrolysis or joule heating at electrodes compared to DC electroporati

68 llent phase engineering ability of the flash Joule heating by broadly tunable energy input that can e

69 Additionally, Joule heating can potentially induce thermal flow and mo

70 lable exothermic reactions in electrodes and Joule heating can result in the catastrophic failures su

71 oic heterostructures(9-12), which suppresses Joule heating caused by switching currents and may enabl

72 periment are a critical aspect in iDEP since Joule heating could lead to various detrimental effects

73 The experimental findings reveal that Joule heating could result in an excessive temperature r

74 We use the Joule heating created by current spikes to trigger the i

75 paration fields can be applied before excess Joule heating degrades the separation.

76 Both electrical current and Joule heating diminish with increasing pressure, and the

77 The temperature rise due to the Joule heating effect was measured using a thermoreflecta

78 The ultrafast sintering method by Joule heating effectively shorten the sintering time fro

79 Joule heating effects are expected to be acute in open m

80 In addition, a model of Joule heating effects in the microdevice during operatio

81 By a comparison with the shock field-induced Joule heating effects on cell membranes, the field-induc

82 elongating surface considering radiation and Joule heating effects significant.

83 yer to produce chiroptical responses and the Joule heating electrode to electrically program phase ch

84 film carbon nanotube (CNT)/polymer composite Joule heating element can prevent CNT degradation in ion

85 perature-controlled electrodes revealed that Joule heating enhances water removal by increasing evapo

86 ted effects such as transverse diffusion and Joule heating for a given faceted prism.

87 e insensitivity allow for compression-stable Joule heating for wearable thermal management.

88 In the former, controlled Joule heating generated by a voltage-biased quantum poin

89 Flash Joule heating has emerged as an ultrafast, scalable, and

90 viscous dissipation, thermal radiation, and Joule heating impacts are also considered.

91 rated a phase change memory effect in KBS by Joule heating in a technologically relevant vertical mem

92 ing temperature distributions resulting from Joule heating in a variety of microfluidic circuits that

93 trogen species through high-power electrical joule heating in ammonia gas, leading to n-type electron

94 erromagnetic-to-ferromagnetic transition via Joule heating in FeRh wires.

95 It generates sound thermoacoustically by Joule heating in graphene.

96 locally up to 1000 K, validating the role of Joule heating in resistive switching.

97 ts were attributed to less gas formation and Joule heating in SFE.

98 usly away from the cooling junction, so that Joule heating in the bulk element does not diminish the

99 espite this, the roles of electric field and Joule heating in the switching process remain controvers

100 tallisation energy, which is comparable with Joule heating induced by a controlled current introducti

101 alyte diffusivity due to autothermal runaway Joule heating is a dominant mechanism that reduces separ

102 olvent-free and sustainable process by flash Joule heating is disclosed to recover precious metals an

103 In this method, Joule heating is generated by applying high electric pow

104 rmore, elevated device temperature caused by Joule heating is shown as an important factor contributi

105 urrent electrothermal flow (ACET) induced by Joule heating is utilized to transport biologically rele

106 However, Joule heating may cause significant temperature rises, w

107 This heat can be generated via a Joule heating mechanism or high power laser pulses.

108 les, which are synthesized via a novel rapid Joule heating method, can serve as nanoseeds to direct t

109 By optimizing the Joule heating method, ultrafine Ag nanoparticles ( appro

110 ilization on carbon supports through in situ Joule heating method.

111 We validate the mechanism of Joule heating modulated competition between the Ruderman

112 y in the crossover channel indicates that no Joule heating occurs at voltages of at least 2.0 kV.

113 bot with multiple crawling modes, enabled by joule heating of a patterned soft heater consisting of s

114 tron thermal microscopy to detect the remote Joule heating of a silicon nitride substrate by a single

115 a ~65 m(2) g(-1)) by a pulsed direct current Joule heating of gamma-Al(2)O(3).

116 Here we show that flash Joule heating of inexpensive carbon sources-such as coal

117 plications in nanoscale electronics, because Joule heating of interconnecting wires is a major proble

118 ectrically induced actuation associated with Joule heating of the matrix when a current is passed thr

119 uced by a conventional REIMS mechanism using Joule heating of the tissues, which was consolidated by

120 e impact of MHD and viscous dissipation with joule heating on convective stretching flow of dusty tan

121 e heating, an insight that may inform future Joule heating or other electrical synthesis strategies.

122 le-step electrified approach utilizing Rapid Joule Heating over an H-ZSM-5 catalyst to efficiently de

123 Negative impact of elevating Joule heating phenomenon is noted on the molecular stabi

124 adient focusing (TGF) exploiting an inherent Joule heating phenomenon.

125 Here, a flash Joule heating process is developed for ultrafast synthes

126 e sorbent's conductive nature permits direct Joule heating regeneration(2,3) using renewable electric

127 The prevailing model of Joule heating relies on a simple semiclassical picture i

128 Minimizing Joule heating remains an important goal in the design of

129 The ultrafine nanoseeds achieved by rapid Joule heating render uniform deposition of Li metal anod

130 It has been suggested that joule heating resulting from the applied pulse may play

131 turbances (LSTID) generated by high-latitude Joule heating seeded the instability soon after sunset.

132 First, Joule heating substantially impacts analytical sensitivi

133 ted in parallel, resulting in a reduction of joule heating temperatures from 96.2 to 32.6 degrees C.

134 The Joule heating that contributes significantly to the heat

135 n-dissipative effects unlike plasmon induced Joule heating that occurs under resonance conditions.

136 By applying flash Joule heating to alpha-spodumene under an atmosphere of

137 We apply just 5 min of Joule heating to promote the phase transition of the nan

138 Joule heating was not significant under the conditions t

139 of 645 V could be applied before significant Joule heating was observed.

140 n-containing species by cost-effective flash Joule heating with a low energy input of 7.2 kJ per gram

141 An experiment combining Joule heating with external heating/cooling further supp

142 ture of the substrate, we observe negligible Joule heating within the nanotube lattice itself and ins

143 creases, indicating the onset of traditional Joule heating within the nanotube.

144 Urban mining by flash Joule heating would be 80x to 500x less energy consumpti

145 l predictions of separation resolution (with Joule heating), we empirically demonstrate nearly fully

146 rectly drive nanocrystal nucleation in flash Joule heating, an insight that may inform future Joule h

147 at the pulse-induced transition is driven by Joule heating, and that the pulse-induced state correspo

148 surface electrodes for actuation, localized Joule heating, and thermistic temperature sensing.

149 flux and the responding electric energy, the Joule heating, consumed in the cell membrane, as well as

150 nm, allowing us to identify the presence of Joule heating, current crowding and thermoelectric heati

151 intrinsically affected by the generation of Joule heating, entailing a drop in viscosity and possibl

152 f attolitres (10(2)-10(5) nm3) of polymer by Joule heating, extremely non-uniform electric field grad

153 umn zone that can be heated up to 3000 K via Joule heating, followed by melting on the order of milli

154 Instead of local Joule heating, however, the dissipation mechanism compri

155 n resistive heater as the thermal trigger of Joule heating, the device is able to on-demand destruct.

156 ing a transient FM state via current-induced Joule heating, the spin-orbit torque can switch the AFM

157 Upon Joule heating, the vertical device undergoes switching f

158 he liquid metal couples geometric changes to Joule heating, thus enabling tunable thermo-mechanochrom

159 ion of intense electric fields and localized Joule heating, which are both highly confined to the fil

160 net generates a magnetic field and generates Joule heating, which can cause overheating.

161 rises from pure adiabatic currents devoid of Joule heating, while being a bulk effect not carried by

162 Here, we introduce a joule heating-based platform technology, whereby biosyst

163 We develop numerical simulations of Joule heating-enhanced diffusion during electrophoresis

164 of graphene in the air first shows signs of joule heating-induced cleaning followed by rupturing of

165 at strains as high as 140%, and can support Joule heating.

166 the sensor recovery time, probably by local Joule heating.

167 e atomic scale, for graphitic nanoribbons by Joule heating.

168 ot cause significant intra- or extracellular Joule heating.

169 p velocity while minimizing dissipation from Joule heating.

170 cesses to the synthesis of graphene by flash Joule heating.

171 catalyst deactivation compared to Continuous Joule Heating.

172 FAs by simultaneously combining pH swing and joule heating.

173 round the conductor, primarily influenced by joule heating.

174 cooling mechanism to mitigate the impacts of Joule heating.

175 annel, mitigating the deleterious effects of Joule heating.

176 temperature of the hot electrons through the Joule heating.

177 ing-to-conducting phase transition driven by Joule heating.

178 he conductive carbon substrate, known as the Joule-heating effect.

179 e attribute the oriented growth to the local Joule-heating induced by electrical bias near the interf

180 Joule-heating induced conductance-switching is studied i

181 n of suspended few-layer graphene by in situ Joule-heating inside a transmission electron microscope.

182 ced in 17 (81%) and was converted with </=80 Joules in all.

183 Joules (J) and stepped up or down in 5 to 10 joule increments depending on the success and limitation

184 fractive index changes, induced by sub-milli-Joule intense X-ray pulses, that are measured in our exp

185 Defibrillation testing started at 30 Joules (J) and stepped up or down in 5 to 10 joule incre

186 tment groups, 100-second (total energy 78.25 joules [J], fluence 109.2 J/cm(2)) or 120-second (total

187 h either a patient work of breathing </= 1.1 joule/L or physiologic work of breathing </= 0.8 joule/L

188 or pressure support ventilation (1.17+/-0.67 joule/L, 1.11+/-0.57 joule/L, and 0.97+/-0.57 joule/L, r

189 entilation (1.17+/-0.67 joule/L, 1.11+/-0.57 joule/L, and 0.97+/-0.57 joule/L, respectively).

190 If patient work of breathing was </= 1.1 joule/L, extubation proceeded despite tachypnea.

191 If patient work of breathing was > 1.1 joule/L, imposed work of breathing was measured, and if

192 minus imposed work of breathing) was </= 0.8 joule/L, patients were extubated.

193 oule/L, 1.11+/-0.57 joule/L, and 0.97+/-0.57 joule/L, respectively).

194 e/L or physiologic work of breathing </= 0.8 joule/L.

195 breathing was maintained between 0.2 and 2.0 joules/L 96.8% of the time, exceeding the 80% target.

196 Incorporating pico-Joule laser excitation, background subtraction, and a de

197 core photonic crystal fiber delivered micro-Joule level ultrashort pulses from a high repetition rat

198 can amplify picojoule seed pulses to nearly joule level.

199 at used increased seed pulse power to obtain Joule-level amplification, and find excellent agreement

200 illouin amplification to petawatt powers and Joule-level energies.

201 While in many cases Joule losses may be minimized by the choice of constitut

202 the shortcomings of noble metals (including Joule losses, cost, and passive character) in certain na

203 where R is the universal gas constant (8.314 Joules/M/K degrees), and T is the temperature, assumed h

204 n a magnetic field, an effect referred to as Joule magnetostriction.

205 odyning), which results exclusively from the Joule mechanism.

206 sular rupture, and choroidal detachment; 3.5 joules--moderate angle recession; 4 joules--anterior len

207 0.2 cubic centimeters) and entropy (19 +/- 4 joules mole(-1) kelvin(-1)) can be estimated.

208 2.3, and the energy efficiency (mol product/joule of incident photons) of the reaction by a factor o

209 occur in a range of 2 to 10 nmol of O(2) per joule of warming, with larger ratios typically occurring

210 that the ocean gained 1.29 +/- 0.79 x 10(22) Joules of heat per year between 1991 and 2016, equivalen

211 netic flux transport, and a few times 10(15) joules of magnetic energy, consistent with global magnet

212 During electrophoresis, Joule (or resistive) heating degrades separation perform

213 machines function this is [Formula in text] joules per bit (kB is Boltzmann's constant and T is the

214 Matter with a high energy density (>10(5) joules per cm(3)) is prevalent throughout the Universe,

215 However, advancing their U(e) beyond 200 joules per cubic centimeter is challenging, limiting the

216 nd breakdown strength leads to a U(e) of 202 joules per cubic centimeter with a high efficiency of ~7

217 on and achieved a high energy density of 112 joules per cubic centimeter with a high energy efficienc

218 e able to achieve an energy density of 191.7 joules per cubic centimeter with an efficiency greater t

219 , we achieved a high energy density of 215.8 joules per cubic centimeter with an efficiency of 80.7%

220 s, we achieved a high energy density of 20.8 joules per cubic centimeter with an ultrahigh efficiency

221 ate energy storage densities as high as ~133 joules per cubic centimeter with efficiencies exceeding

222 e achieve an ultrahigh energy density of 152 joules per cubic centimeter with markedly improved effic

223 metre and a discharged energy density of 1.8 joules per cubic centimetre at 250 degrees Celsius).

224 2% using laser energy densities as low as 83 joules per cubic millimeter.

225 and corresponds to an energy sensitivity (in joules per hertz) of about 41 Planck's over 2pi.

226 Absorbed dose is expressed in units of joules per kilogram (J/kg) and is given the special name

227 cycled up to 30 hertz, as well as up to 41.2 joules per kilogram of electrical energy per mechanical

228 an isothermal entropy change of more than 55 joules per kilogram per kelvin degree and adiabatic temp

229 stic crystal, neopentylglycol, are about 389 joules per kilogram per kelvin near room temperature.

230 the planet, exhibiting a cost of transport (joules per kilogram per meter) lower than other metazoan

231 se the energy cost of protein turnover, 0.45 joules per milligram of protein, is 1/25th the values re

232 have had less UV light exposure (median, 555 Joules per square meter [J/m(2); interquartile range, 32

233 ery large adhesion energy (approximately 2.3 joules per square meter) of Ag nanoparticles to reduced

234 perties, isotropic fatigue threshold of 2320 joules per square meter, ultracompressibility (8% strain

235 he chemical composition and specific energy (Joules per unit mass or organic carbon) of sinking parti

236 on; 4 joules--anterior lens dislocation; 4.8 joules--peripapillary retinal detachment; 7 joules--seve

237 eyes unobserved in control specimens were: 2 joules--posterior lens dislocation, zonulysis, capsular

238 rm defibrillation with a fixed energy of 150 joules proved to be as effective as conventional monopha

239 of new pair creation experiments using ~100 Joule pulses of the Texas Petawatt Laser to irradiate so

240 0.25, 1, and 6 x 10(17) molecules of N2 per joule, respectively.

241 famous letter in 1870, Maxwell describes how Joule's law can be violated "only by the intelligent act

242 int to the challenges for the application of Joule's law to the electrical performance of glassy thin

243 According to Joule's well-known first law, application of electric fi

244 such nano-antennas, we find very low (femto-Joule) saturation pulse energies and up to 10(4) times b

245 into a unified unit (i.e., solar equivalent joules [sej]).

246 joules--peripapillary retinal detachment; 7 joules--severe angle recession, iridodialysis, and cyclo

247 is scalable while dissipating energy of atto Joules/spike.

248 irradiating helical coil targets with a few joules, sub-ps laser pulses at an intensity of 2 x 10(19

249 ative to the ubiquitous vapor compression or Joule-Thompson expansion methods of refrigeration.

250 energy at the defibrillation threshold (ion joules) was 8.2 +/- 1.5 for 60/15 microF (P < .01 versus