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1 degrees N over an entire hemisphere (140,000 kilometers).
2 ather than at a coarse scale (around several kilometers).
3 dors are only predicted to flap for ~2 s per kilometer.
4 vity required from each muscle to traverse a kilometer.
5 plate margins resolved down to a scale of 1 kilometer.
6 meters in diameter) within a radius of 8000 kilometers.
7 percentile) to 1.0% (B2 Lynch2016) of stream kilometers.
8 to 9% velocity drop at depths of 130 to 190 kilometers.
9 elow the seismogenic zone by at least 3 to 5 kilometers.
10 only 7% of which are larger than 100 square kilometers.
11 l dispersal and infectivity over hundreds of kilometers.
12 ls spanning length scales from nanometers to kilometers.
13 asin at ~3.3 kilometers per second over ~140 kilometers.
14 rations of particles to altitudes above ~150 kilometers.
15 ent in populations separated by thousands of kilometers.
16 mes of 20 to 80 seconds and widths of </=300 kilometers.
17 d are consistent with partial melt below 660 kilometers.
18 on of absolute plate motion for thousands of kilometers.
19 htly distances traversed reached hundreds of kilometers.
20 nment to permit aqueous flows across several kilometers.
21 ravity anomalies with lengths of hundreds of kilometers.
22 0,000 forest plots spanning 4,000,000 square kilometers.
23 mported to the site, possibly over dozens of kilometers.
24 Ninety percent of cases lived within 50 kilometers.
25 per second, eventually covering 35.5 square kilometers.
26 ng with ocean currents sometimes hundreds of kilometers.
27 o 16 seconds were detected as deep as 65,000 kilometers.
28 , when the entire ring was tilted by about 2 kilometers.
29 e structural discontinuity at a depth of 220 kilometers.
30 to 20 meters and its wavelength is 30 to 80 kilometers.
31 , and often separated by tens or hundreds of kilometers.
32 the LERZ on 3 May, eventually extending ~6.8 kilometers.
33 of 3 within a community spanning 0.17 square kilometers.
34 ean basins and can extend for over 1000's of kilometers.
35 sphere extending to a depth of at least 9000 kilometers.
36 can be transported hundreds to thousands of kilometers.
37 mates are roughly equivalent-about 0.8 cubic kilometers.
38 s opposed to 3% of cases separated by 1 to 5 kilometers.
39 at may migrate over hundreds to thousands of kilometers.
40 n of migratory species can span thousands of kilometers.
41 origin at Voyager 1, located at 18.5 billion kilometers (123 astronomical units) from the Sun, decrea
42 approach, indicating an upper limit of <4.6 kilometers(-3) for the dust density in the Pluto system.
43 stal magma body has a volume of 46,000 cubic kilometers, ~4.5 times that of the upper-crustal magma r
45 f Mars with a volume of 9500 to 12,500 cubic kilometers, about 30 times that previously estimated for
46 the atmosphere to form plumes rising several kilometers above eruptive vents, which can pose serious
47 ts of the radiation belts, passed about 4000 kilometers above the cloud tops at closest approach, wel
50 t mesoscale winds at scales of a few hundred kilometers account for more than 65% of near-inertial en
51 years on objects that traveled thousands of kilometers across the Pacific Ocean to the shores of Nor
52 hollows, range from tens of meters to a few kilometers across, and many have high-reflectance interi
53 ungest of these impact structures, about 500 kilometers across, formed about 1 billion years ago, in
55 ic fingerlike structures of wavelength ~2000 kilometers align parallel to the direction of absolute p
56 pture propagated northward for more than 170 kilometers along both mapped and unmapped faults before
57 on totaling a global average of 3-5 vertical kilometers, along with the subsequent thermal and isosta
58 ng the proportions of the land uses over one kilometer altered pollination probability up to 7-fold.
59 atorial stratosphere (approximately 16 to 50 kilometers altitude), was unexpectedly disrupted in Febr
61 geochemical data to show that the 110-square-kilometer and 65-meter-deep collapse of Bardarbunga cald
63 tches, more than half of which are <1 square kilometer and only 7% of which are larger than 100 squar
65 a were collected on ability of walking for 1 kilometer and use of NSAIDs at baseline and death inform
66 oduces an average of 81% more transportation kilometers and 108% more emissions offsets per unit area
67 face magma layer with a thickness of over 50 kilometers and a rock melt fraction of 20% or more is fu
68 degrees C variation extending to depths >400 kilometers and are inconsistent with variations in mantl
69 s the resolution downward to a depth of 1500 kilometers and reveals a several-hundred-kilometer-wide
70 r-groundwater exchange on a spatial scale of kilometers and time scale of months to years suggests a
72 omography supports a much thicker root (>250 kilometers) and a gradual lithosphere-asthenosphere tran
73 o map global forest loss (2.3 million square kilometers) and gain (0.8 million square kilometers) fro
74 ntrating solar power (CSP)], area (in square kilometers), and capacity (in MW) within the global sola
75 the homopause altitude at approximately 130 kilometers, and an unexpected level of variability both
76 re observed, even though the sites are a few kilometers apart and have the same grasshopper and plant
77 rary breeding sites hundreds or thousands of kilometers apart, but the behavioral adaptations that fa
78 cy of 1.54, VTOL GHG emissions per passenger-kilometer are 52% lower than ICEVs and 6% lower than BEV
80 y on small spatial scales ( less, similar500 kilometers) at the footpoints of hot and dynamic coronal
81 re akin to contemporary climates hundreds of kilometers away and mainly to the south or will have no
82 dFe must have been transported thousands of kilometers away from its vent site to reach our sampling
83 ssal Pacific, this dFe persists thousands of kilometers away from the vent source with sufficient mag
84 eas to rural background values more than 100 kilometers away, varying seasonally from 4.4 to 6.1 part
88 servations from the formation of a 0.8-cubic kilometer basaltic caldera at Kilauea Volcano in 2018 in
91 or and for dispersing propagules hundreds of kilometers between isolated and ephemeral communities.
92 long-range topographic variation of the 660-kilometer boundary between Earth's upper and lower mantl
93 pography at short length scale along the 660-kilometer boundary in certain regions using scattered P'
96 pecially given that they may be carried many kilometers by currents during their planktonic phase.
97 at altitudes ranging from 150 to above 1000 kilometers by the Langmuir Probe and Wave instrument on
98 llion and a territory of >9.6 million square kilometers, China has a total of 34 provinces and munici
99 y localized on a broad region of 1000 square kilometers close to the 50-kilometer Ernutet crater.
100 and fossil energy use and GHG emissions per kilometer compared to driving long distances, but the ex
101 11, and for most of the 253-day, 560-million-kilometer cruise to Mars, the Radiation Assessment Detec
102 catch and require 100-200 times more square kilometer-days of closure than dynamic measures (grid-ba
103 t, Rheasilvia, is 500 kilometers wide and 19 kilometers deep and finds its nearest morphologic analog
106 We investigated microbial life in up to 1.2-kilometer-deep and up to 120 degrees C hot sediments in
107 harsh physicochemical conditions within the kilometer-deep hydrocarbon-bearing shale, including high
108 require improvement in 11.0%-26.2% of stream kilometers, dependent on land-use and climate scenario.
109 Earth's mantle transition zone (410- to 660-kilometer depth) implies the possibility of a deep H2O r
112 for enigmatic seismic features beyond ~2000 kilometers depth and suggests that the lower mantle may
113 e mantle transition zone between 410 and 660 kilometers depth, a result that is in agreement with pri
114 ect an increase in viscosity at 800- to 1200-kilometers depth, far greater than the depth of the mine
116 velocity, most prominent between 200 and 350 kilometers depth, which extends below the well-developed
118 SSENGER's third Mercury flyby revealed a 290-kilometer-diameter peak-ring impact basin, among the you
124 ttenuation, these compounds were transported kilometers downstream, and thus additive concentrations
127 in western Maryland that is several (>50 km) kilometers downwind of power plants in Ohio, Pennsylvani
128 ithin a few fault lengths (approximately 300 kilometers), during times that high-amplitude surface wa
129 increase in the Moon's radius by 0.6 to 4.9 kilometers early in lunar history, consistent with predi
130 ro-Arabia, a landmass that was ~1500 to 2000 kilometers east of South America during the late Paleoge
134 , with equivalent spherical diameters of ~40 kilometers for Nix and Hydra and ~10 kilometers for Styx
136 ess, which significantly increased with each kilometer from DES [carbon, 0.2 Mgxha(-1); 0.1 species p
138 al populations were depleted within 7 and 40 kilometers from hunters' access points (roads and settle
139 d 3749 PADDD events, removing 519,857 square kilometers from protection and tempering regulations in
141 pture of the mainshock terminated only a few kilometers from the major regional Garlock fault, trigge
142 smometers at distances between 1000 and 2000 kilometers from the source of the 2011, moment magnitude
148 ry birds travel tens to tens of thousands of kilometers from their wintering to their breeding ground
149 are kilometers) and gain (0.8 million square kilometers) from 2000 to 2012 at a spatial resolution of
151 yield are dominated by broad-scale (100s of kilometers) GCM systematic errors that RCMs cannot compe
152 ination, highly reflective zone in Oxo, a 10-kilometer, geologically fresh crater, on five occasions
154 field at the submesoscales (100 m to tens of kilometers, hours to days) remain unresolved due to a la
156 oduced a catalog of all impact craters >/=20 kilometers in diameter on the lunar surface and analyzed
157 late terrestrial impactors, at 2500 to 3000 kilometers in diameter, potentially modified Earth's obl
158 ted impact produced a transient crater, ~390 kilometers in diameter, that was not maintained because
160 e of a continuous plume of oil, more than 35 kilometers in length, at approximately 1100 meters depth
162 l the earthquake rupture as a slip pulse ~20 kilometers in width, ~6 seconds in duration, and with a
165 core having an average radius of 107 to 113 kilometers, indicating sufficient internal melting to se
167 and marine environments can begin up to 100 kilometers inland, extend to the continental shelf, and
168 produced effects that penetrated hundreds of kilometers into Saturn's stratosphere (to the 1-millibar
170 try did not change appreciably until several kilometers into the urban environment, where concentrati
172 er atmosphere (at altitudes of less than 200 kilometers) is consistent with ground-based stellar occu
175 l area of degraded forest was 337,427 square kilometers (km(2)), compared with 308,311 km(2) that wer
177 h long-distance (on the order of hundreds of kilometers) larval dispersal distances, making it very d
179 ribution, rupture along the approximately 60-kilometer-long Carrizo segment was thought to control th
180 craft flew past one of these objects, the 36-kilometer-long contact binary (486958) Arrokoth (provisi
181 3, a magnitude 8.3 earthquake ruptured a 180-kilometer-long fault within the subducting Pacific plate
182 volved the formation of a approximately 1000-kilometer-long lobate scarp, a product of the global coo
183 Mayor-Cucapah earthquake that produced a 120-kilometer-long multifault rupture through northernmost B
184 temperature anomalies averaged across a 3000-kilometer-long section in the equatorial East Indian Oce
186 earthquake of 1857, with a approximately 350-kilometer-long surface rupture, was the most recent majo
187 of magma, and lateral migration through a 48-kilometers-long dike, from a 12-kilometers deep reservoi
188 y vagile and can disperse up to thousands of kilometers, making it difficult to identify the factors
189 , whereas those for the Moon, at ~250 to 300 kilometers, may have delivered water to its mantle.
190 s and the best-available data from our 7,000-kilometer mega-transect survey and open access data, we
191 016, delays rose from 2.1 to 3.1 minutes per kilometer (min/km) in the morning peak and from 2.8 to 5
192 centers up to 499 miles (to convert miles to kilometers, multiply by 1.6) away, 6.7% at centers 500 t
197 their flooding pathways include hundreds of kilometers of channel floors with upward gradients. Howe
198 -density plasmasphere (roughly within 20,000 kilometers of Earth) that is known to remove the high-en
199 lateral viscosity variations in the top 200 kilometers of Earth, together with forces associated wit
200 Specifically, we digitize over 400,000 line kilometers of exploratory Antarctic radar data originall
201 bservational data showing that ~87,000 cubic kilometers of ice have accumulated at the poles since th
202 as caused by lateral migration of >0.4 cubic kilometers of magma into the rift zone, extinguishing th
204 s are embedded into a preform and drawn into kilometers of microstructured multimaterial fibre device
206 ct across 103 salt marsh sites spanning ~430 kilometers of shoreline in coastal Louisiana, Alabama, a
207 an family distributed within several hundred kilometers of the expanding and retracting glaciers of t
208 SSEs occurring close to the trench (within 2 kilometers of the seafloor), where very low temperatures
211 .81 pM for B(1)) in extensive areas (100s of kilometers) of the coastal ocean, and thus may exert imp
212 rated to within 0.146 solar radius (~100,000 kilometers) of the solar surface before its EUV signal d
213 e atmosphere (at altitudes of less than 1800 kilometers or so), whereas methane (CH4), acetylene (C2H
214 ke Bay watershed is to restore 10% of stream kilometers over a 2008 baseline; our results suggest mee
215 ry lobes, which extended tens to hundreds of kilometers over gently sloping plains and boundary crate
216 emerged with an average speed of 0.3 to 0.6 kilometer per second and caused high peaks in the photos
218 ve greater field-to-wheels efficiency (e.g., kilometers per gigajoule biomass or per hectare) compare
219 iHVCs with 90 </= |v(LSR)| less, similar 170 kilometers per second (where v(LSR) is the velocity in t
221 s survived a record high-speed entry of 28.6 kilometers per second from an orbit close to that of Jup
222 nt small-scale jets with speeds of 80 to 250 kilometers per second from the narrow bright network lan
227 d redshifted with a Doppler velocity of ~700 kilometers per second, direct evidence of large-scale as
228 in-belt asteroids at velocities exceeding 10 kilometers per second, enough to heat and degas target r
230 dipping fault plane at an average speed of 8 kilometers per second, suggesting efficient seismic ener
234 ated from negligible loss at 25 +/- 64 cubic kilometers per year for 1994-2003 to rapid loss of 310 +
236 etreat rates of 40 to 50 meters per day (>10 kilometers per year) are inferred during regional deglac
237 e and required range shifts of up to several kilometers per year, raising the prospect of daunting ch
239 as, this seismic quiescence extends for many kilometers radially and hundreds of meters in depth.
241 ming, extreme marine heat waves forced a 100-kilometer range contraction of extensive kelp forests an
242 )) were correlated with longer times for a 3-kilometer run (beta and 95% confidence intervals =4.93 (
243 bic fitness was assessed by the time for a 3-kilometer run test, and anaerobic fitness was evaluated
244 Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) at the kilometer scale reveal distinct structures of atmospheri
246 f highly evolved, silica-rich lunar soils in kilometer-scale and larger exposures, expanded the compo
247 erential elevation changes show distributed, kilometer-scale bending strains as large as ~10(3) micro
248 e-shot remote identification of chemicals at kilometer-scale distances is experimentally demonstrated
249 surface water descend as coherent, 1- to 10-kilometer-scale filamentous features, often along the pe
250 n Bennu's parent body would have occurred on kilometer scales for thousands to millions of years.
253 buted across approximately 50 million square kilometers, similar to well-known impact strewnfields an
255 bilities transfer energy to nonaxisymmetric, kilometer-sized magnetic features, in which the local fi
256 individuals migrate hundreds to thousands of kilometers south in midsummer to breed a second time dur
258 punctatus/hespericus admix over hundreds of kilometers, suggesting that they have not yet developed
259 e smoother terrains (over hundreds of square kilometers) suggests that potential ground-ice presence
260 planetesimals, which are all larger than 35 kilometers, supporting the view of asteroids being born
261 in's antipodal chaotic terrain reveals multi-kilometer surface elevation losses and widespread landfo
262 n of ethanol increased 10-fold in metric ton-kilometers (t-km) from 2000 to 2009, the portion of t-km
263 ce of parasite connectivity over hundreds of kilometers than the other data, within Namibia and acros
264 atmospheric winds on scales of thousands of kilometers, the most energetic of such fluctuations, are
265 ggest a chemical continental lithosphere 175 kilometers thick, whereas seismic tomography supports a
268 that penguins traversed thousands of square kilometers to areas of low sea surface temperatures (14.
269 te Vallis, and it extended an additional 180 kilometers to the east before the emplacement of the you
270 tions with depth mimic those approximately 6 kilometers to the north and demonstrate that water-induc
272 More patients traveled long distances (>100 kilometers) to receive specialty services than to receiv
273 d, we conducted aerial surveys along a three-kilometer track line at Ostional, Costa Rica during a ma
275 near-term, with two times more reduction per kilometer traveled if implemented in 2016 rather than in
276 ive transport would be 79 g CO2e per vehicle-kilometer traveled, a 71% reduction relative to 2013.
277 ycle fossil energy use (~ 100 MJ/100 vehicle kilometers traveled (VKT)) and net GHG emissions (~5 kg
279 rom the transition zone (depth of 410 to 660 kilometers) unaffected by degassing and shallow crustal
282 ost-Gondwanan mesic biomes over thousands of kilometers, underscoring their current vulnerability to
285 visit flowers in an optimized sequence over kilometers, walking solitary foraging ants can precisely
286 ter-wavelength ripples and hundred-meter- to kilometer-wavelength dunes: bedforms of two distinct siz
287 MESSENGER) spacecraft at altitudes below 150 kilometers, we have detected remanent magnetization in M
288 older community-dwelling adults who lived 80 kilometers west of the epicenter (59.0% response rate).
289 older community-dwelling adults who lived 80 kilometers west of the epicenter 7 months before the ear
295 500 kilometers and reveals a several-hundred-kilometer-wide region of low velocities beneath and sout
297 birds can navigate over tens of thousands of kilometers with an accuracy unobtainable for human navig
298 ge and tracks earthquakes to distances of 35 kilometers, with a triggering threshold of ~0.07 megapas
300 was 0-30,860 vehicles/day x length of road (kilometers) within 100 m; 281 (13%) women lived </= 200