ライフサイエンスコーパス: late gene

1 th of the virus and has been classified as a late gene.

2 ibits the downstream expression of early and late genes.

3 I, II, and III, or early, intermediate, and late genes.

4 n DCs, this mutant virus expresses early and late genes.

5 e and represses expression of both early and late genes.

6 ios than most lytic genes, including classic late genes.

7 lymerase (RNAp) to transcribe its middle and late genes.

8 an essential role in the expression of viral late genes.

9 tion) and the relationship between early and late genes.

10 ferred by the early genes and another by the late genes.

11 oloenzyme for transcription of its early and late genes.

12 indromic structure devoid of E2, E3, E4, and late genes.

13 hat SspA is a transcription activator for P1 late genes.

14 ric DNA progeny for optimal transcription of late genes.

15 cription terminators preceding bacteriophage late genes.

16 ut few did so to homologs of intermediate or late genes.

17 as it escapes the pause and transcribes the late genes.

18 al activator complex to induce expression of late genes.

19 ordinate the activation of a larger group of late genes.

20 igma(66) -dependent and sigma(28) -dependent late genes.

21 of key early genes at 6 h and transition to late gene activation by 12 h by both viruses.

22 te Q fever, and the expression levels of the late genes ALOX15, CLECSF1, CCL13, and CCL23 were specif

23 of the viral life cycle, including early and late gene and protein expression, DNA replication, and v

24 ight of the fact that U(L)31 is designated a late gene and pU(L)31 is not a virion component.

25 e pointed to impaired expression of specific late genes and at lysosomal targeting of egressing virio

26 This mutant does not express late genes and behaves nearly indistinguishably from the

27 virus and confirmed that it fails to produce late genes and infectious virions.

28 of differentiation led to the expression of late genes and production of infectious HPV16 virions.

29 pends on ComW, as DeltacomW cells transcribe late genes and transform at levels 10- and 10,000-fold b

30 ential for the expression of viral early and late genes and viral growth.

31 the late promoter, leading to expression of late genes and virion morphogenesis.

32 The cvsod gene was expressed as a late gene, and cvSOD activity was detected in purified v

33 the translation levels of a subset of HSV-1 late genes, and this function requires the C terminus of

34 teriophage that specifically transcribes its late genes, and thus represents a novel type of bacterio

35 On the other hand, EBV late genes are defined by their dependence on viral DNA

36 Interestingly, only 16 late genes are essential for genetic transformation.

37 Some of the ES18 late genes are novel, while others are most closely rela

38 iciently activates many early genes, whereas late genes are poorly activated, and virus growth is sev

39 hanism or pathway that coregulates the viral late genes as a group.

40 y genes at 2 h and for most intermediate and late genes at 4 and 8 h after infection.

41 y genes at 2 h and for most intermediate and late genes at 4 and 8 h.

42 ression of selected delayed early (UL89) and late genes at early times in the infection.

43 at baculoviruses replicate and express their late genes at normal levels in the absence of its two di

44 Significantly, deletion of some late genes attenuated pneumococcal fitness to the same l

45 ZEBRA suppresses Rta's ability to activate a late gene, BLRF2.

46 repressed promoters of Chlamydia trachomatis late genes, but not early or mid genes.

47 of the herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) gamma2 late genes by still unknown mechanisms.

48 ory protein needed for expression of the HIV late genes, can influence CTL killing.

49 ssed; at the same time, the synthesis of the late genes, capsid proteins, is suppressed and S-HML are

50 Transcriptome analysis of late gene changes suggested roles for the transcription

51 expected of the immediate-early, early, and late gene classes.

52 tion only enhanced expression of a subset of late genes, consistent with a direct requirement for SM

53 ta indicate that the spatial organization of late genes contributes to temporal regulation of myogeni

54 In addition, EBV and KSHV late gene core promoters could be activated by MHV-68 ly

55 was highly skewed and was most evident on 13 late genes, demonstrating why SM is essential for infect

56 y also provides evidence for a second, viral late gene-dependent pathway that triggers loss of Ser-2P

57 Transcription of herpesvirus late genes depends on several virus-encoded proteins who

58 is produced via splicing and that vLIP is a late gene, due to its sensitivity to inhibition of DNA r

59 nd protein for IE2 and viral early and early-late genes during a second wave of viral gene expression

60 -Myb, and reassociates with the promoters of late genes during S phase.

61 r 1) gene is required for expression of very late genes during the final phase of infection.

62 he data indicate that Pol II is recruited to late genes early in infection.

63 addition to late transcription factors; the late genes encoded many morphogenesis and mature virion

64 e mRNA accumulation from a transfected viral late gene encoding glycoprotein C (gC).

65 a group specifically defective at activating late gene expression (seven mutants).

66 cell surface staining for CAR required virus late gene expression and a CAR-binding fiber protein eve

67 ne recombinase and is required for both very late gene expression and budded virus production.

68 le component of the complex (ORF30) prevents late gene expression and completion of the viral lifecyc

69 of ICP22 result in similar defects in viral late gene expression and growth in HEL cells, despite ha

70 n FAM111A, whose depletion rescues early and late gene expression and plaque formation for SV40 HR vi

71 l juglone or dominant-negative Pin1 enhanced late gene expression and production of infectious virus,

72 NA replication occurred but intermediate and late gene expression and resolution of genome concatemer

73 her has the most beneficial effect for early-late gene expression and synthesis of infectious virus.

74 HPV late gene expression and viral copy number in the epithe

75 frame 24 (ORF24) and ORF34 vTFs ablated both late gene expression and viral replication.

76 Surprisingly, an increase in EBV late gene expression and virion production occurred upon

77 omoter activity does not necessarily lead to late gene expression and virus shedding.

78 , indicating that the mechanisms controlling late gene expression are conserved among gammaherpesviru

79 onset of infection; however, both early and late gene expression are significantly delayed, even if

80 ene expression not only because it activates late gene expression but also because it suppresses earl

81 RF31), ORF24, and ORF34 that is required for late gene expression but not viral DNA replication.

82 of natural infections by the virus, in which late gene expression can fail to occur, allowing the vir

83 Increased late gene expression correlated with increased late kera

84 This suggests that late gene expression does not strictly require amplifica

85 l DNA replication, but each is essential for late gene expression during both de novo lytic replicati

86 e investigated the cis element that mediates late gene expression during de novo lytic infection with

87 As ICP22 is known to enhance viral late gene expression during infection of certain culture

88 /cut all play definitive roles in regulating late gene expression during normal myeloid development.

89 ion of myogenic transcription by restricting late gene expression during the early stages of myogenes

90 alovirus (MCMV) protein pM92 regulates viral late gene expression during virus infection.

91 ase in viral copy number and an induction of late gene expression from a differentiation-specific pro

92 n of C/EBPbeta isoforms blocks activation of late gene expression from complete viral genomes upon di

93 xpression of RALYL or hnRNP C1 induced HPV16 late gene expression from HPV16 subgenomic plasmids and

94 sistent with a direct requirement for SM for late gene expression in addition to its contribution to

95 Late gene expression in gammaherpesviruses requires the

96 nc finger transcription factors required for late gene expression in P2- and P4-related bacteriophage

97 d ie-1/ie-0) blocked virus DNA synthesis and late gene expression in permissive Spodoptera frugiperda

98 manner and fails to induce efficient gamma2 late gene expression in restrictive cells.

99 d an increased requirement for UL97 in viral late gene expression in strains with full-length ULb' re

100 propose that EUO is the master regulator of late gene expression in the chlamydial developmental cyc

101 studies and immunoblot analyses showed that late gene expression in the double mutant was equivalent

102 The activation of sigma(G), which drives late gene expression in the forespore, follows forespore

103 l into the forespore of factors required for late gene expression in this compartment.

104 viral replication, viral DNA synthesis, and late gene expression in Vero cells.

105 s triggers KSHV replication, the kinetics of late gene expression is accelerated by 12 to 24 h and th

106 mutant skeletal phenotype and suggests that late gene expression is dependent on a critical level of

107 However, the mechanism by which late gene expression is regulated has not been well char

108 bodies, we revealed that ORF52 displays true late gene expression kinetics and confirmed its cytoplas

109 ion combined with the direct effect of SM on late gene expression leads to a global deficiency of lat

110 the differentiation-dependent activation of late gene expression of high-risk papillomaviruses.

111 We therefore examined the effects on viral late gene expression of inhibition of the synthesis or a

112 ose a model explaining the dependence of EBV late gene expression on lytic DNA amplification, and sug

113 potential E4 function in regulation of viral late gene expression through the inhibition of a host ce

114 tion by DNA viruses is the coupling of viral late gene expression to genome replication.

115 ch recruits mother cell proteins involved in late gene expression to the outer forespore membrane.

116 This critical role of ORF18 and ORF30 in late gene expression was also observed during KSHV react

117 To investigate whether late gene expression was dependent on the amplification

118 Furthermore, the defect in late gene expression was likely due to a deficiency in t

119 ect and valganciclovir treatment showed that late gene expression was nonessential.

120 In these assays, an induction of late gene expression was seen upon differentiation that

121 , cervical cancer cells permissive for HPV16 late gene expression were identified and characterized.

122 amplification and differentiation-dependent late gene expression were observed in mutant cell lines,

123 Immediate early, early, and late gene expression were quantified by droplet digital

124 entiation-dependent genome amplification and late gene expression were significantly decreased in cel

125 Such defects in late gene expression were the result of inefficient prog

126 e lefs (lef-8, lef-9, p47, and pp31) blocked late gene expression without affecting virus DNA replica

127 This is required for herpesviral late gene expression, a complex and poorly understood ph

128 resulted in reduced genome amplification and late gene expression, along with decreased levels of cel

129 ate the ORF31-ORF34 interaction required for late gene expression, and (iii) a complex consisting of

130 s of UL97 inhibition on viral DNA synthesis, late gene expression, and production of cell-free virus

131 SP-2509 does inhibit viral DNA replication, late gene expression, and virus production.

132 Viral DNA replication, but not viral late gene expression, is required for the regulation of

133 ot require MCMV immediate early 1, pM27, and late gene expression, it was restricted to MCMV-infected

134 ecific double-stranded RNAs inhibited AcMNPV late gene expression, reduced yields of budded virus by

135 iquitin-activating enzyme E1, also prevented late gene expression, supporting the role of the ubiquit

136 mbled ICP27 in its capacity to enhance HSV-1 late gene expression, suppress the splicing of a viral i

137 hat pM92 is an additional viral regulator of late gene expression, that these regulators (represented

138 Therefore, while SM is essential for most late gene expression, the proximate block to virion prod

139 phosphonoacetic acid, an inhibitor of viral late gene expression, thus suggesting that accumulation

140 Suppression of the late gene expression, usually by integration of the vira

141 uring infection, including the regulation of late gene expression, viral DNA packaging, and infectiou

142 e if this event participates in the onset of late gene expression, we purified SpoIVB, SpoIIQ, and Sp

143 tiation-dependent human papillomavirus (HPV) late gene expression, while the liver-enriched inhibitor

144 ms linked to either viral DNA replication or late gene expression.

145 egalovirus (CMV) gene, UL79, is required for late gene expression.

146 ized or normal cells led to severely reduced late gene expression.

147 ting efficient E4 mutant DNA replication and late gene expression.

148 tion factors activated viral replication and late gene expression.

149 se of infection by regulating both early and late gene expression.

150 s-acting elements regulating viral early and late gene expression.

151 hat blocked postreplicative intermediate and late gene expression.

152 n the loss of viral genome amplification and late gene expression.

153 ong with decreased viral DNA replication and late gene expression.

154 d account for the effect on intermediate and late gene expression.

155 tion, lytic cycle DNA replication, and viral late gene expression.

156 effects on Pol II from its effects on viral late gene expression.

157 regulatory element (NRE) that inhibits viral late gene expression.

158 l preinitiation complex (vPIC) that mediates late gene expression.

159 s was generated and shown to be defective in late gene expression.

160 e expression leads to a global deficiency of late gene expression.

161 little is known regarding the regulation of late gene expression.

162 ding support for sigma(28) as a regulator of late gene expression.

163 in promoting viral DNA replication and viral late gene expression.

164 ffected, demonstrating its essential role in late gene expression.

165 lasm, respectively, throughout the period of late gene expression.

166 and early lytic gene expression and blocked late gene expression.

167 mechanisms and epigenetics of EBV early and late gene expression.

168 cells, resulting in the inhibition of viral late gene expression.

169 orylation of STAT2 by EHV-1 implicated viral late gene expression.

170 gives rise to a specific inhibition of HSV-1 late gene expression.

171 c elements, and BET inhibitors prevent viral late gene expression.

172 f KSHV episomes and a molecular mechanism of late gene expression.

173 ation block occurs prior to intermediate and late gene expression.

174 sults suggested that hnRNP C1 controls HPV16 late gene expression.

175 se element (RRE), thereby facilitating viral late gene expression.

176 s complex result in profound defects in KSHV late gene expression.IMPORTANCE Kaposi's sarcoma-associa

177 c), and HuR that are known to regulate HPV16 late gene expression; or were shown by a gene expression

178 e essential for regulation of lambdoid phage late gene expression; potentially, sigma70 acts at other

179 es of HCF-1 were also required for efficient late-gene expression and occlusion body formation in TN3

180 Viral DNA replication and late-gene expression, however, are not required.

181 or early-gene expression but dispensable for late-gene expression.

182 shows that the anti-sigma factor controlling late-gene flagellar synthesis is secreted less by flagel

183 elected fragment came from the promoter of a late gene (gB) and contained at least two direct RTA bin

184 gene expression switches from early genes to late genes in a highly regulated manner.

185 ressed by a sigma(28) promoter that controls late genes in the flagellar regulon.

186 The expression of intermediate and late genes, in particular, was visualized with unprecede

187 coded factor essential for the expression of late genes independently of viral DNA synthesis.

188 Notably, ORF19 behaves as a true late gene, indicating that RTA regulates all three phase

189 Chromatin remodeling in late genes is characterized by a late and marked increas

190 Transcription of middle and late genes is dependent on protein synthesis and mediate

191 ivated transcription of the bacteriophage T4 late genes is generated by a mechanism that stands apart

192 Transcription of herpesviral late genes is stimulated after the onset of viral DNA re

193 t expression of replication-dependent gamma2 late genes is, at least in part, regulated by CDK9 depen

194 are derived from the UL138 locus with early-late gene kinetics during productive infection.

195 ription activator (RTA) protein, accelerated late gene kinetics, and production of virus with decreas

196 ed that the cmvIL-10 gene was expressed with late gene kinetics.

197 cy on viral DNA and to promote elongation on late genes later in infection.

198 hese conditions, the regulatory sequences of late gene loci were not in close proximity, and these ge

199 transition from MyoD to myogenin occurred at late gene loci, concomitant with loss of HDAC2, the appe

200 odeling enzyme interaction and remodeling at late-gene loci.

201 ative sigma factor, drives transcription of "late" genes, many of which are essential for transformat

202 The differentiation of intermediate and late genes may enhance understanding of poxvirus replica

203 n regulates the accumulation of selective Ad late gene mRNAs and is involved in the proper transition

204 lso promotes the nuclear export of the viral late gene mRNAs by acting as an adaptor between the vira

205 In agreement with this implication, EBV late gene mRNAs localize to replication factories.

206 At these late genes, Myog does not bind efficiently without Myod;

207 cytoplasmic (NFATc) pathway and promotion of late-gene occupancy by NFATc4, and these mechanisms inhi

208 target the noncoding control region and the late gene open reading frame of the JCPyV genome.

209 NA polymerase from a regulatory pause of the late gene operon of bacteriophage lambda, and that this

210 uting for transcription of an extremely long late genes operon of Xp10.

211 promoters is essential to regulation of the late gene operons.

212 The Ad late gene product L4-22K has been associated with dispar

213 hereas the accumulation of an early-late and late gene product was significantly retarded.

214 ted for by both the retarded accumulation of late gene products and the drug-induced depletion of ER

215 had severe reduction in the accumulation of late gene products and was thus unable to produce infect

216 These RNAs, which behave as late gene products, are not predicted to be conserved in

217 Other late gene products, gB, gE, and Us9, accumulated to high

218 iral proteins recognized are predicted to be late gene products, in addition to the early intermediat

219 n the production of both immediate early and late gene products, indicating that a block to progeny v

220 the further accumulation of viral early and late gene products, the severity of which is dependent o

221 B cells were mainly intermediate rather than late gene products.

222 show that the MCMV miRNAs are both early and late gene products.

223 ntributed to optimal expression of early and late gene products.

224 BALF5p, and highlight the complexity of EBV late gene promoter activation by Rta.

225 rminators that interact both with DNA in the late gene promoter segment and with RNA polymerase subun

226 th ORF24 and ORF66 occupy the canonical K8.1 late gene promoter, their promoter occupancy requires th

227 eporter plasmid to support activation of the late gene promoter.

228 a specific site just downstream of the phage late-gene promoter.

229 sembly of the viral preinitiation complex at late gene promoters and found that while sequence-specif

230 d for the subsequent recruitment of FoxM1 to late gene promoters during G2.

231 (EGFP) from immediate early (IE), early, and late gene promoters indicated that the block to producti

232 imal pause that occurs at all lambdoid phage late gene promoters is essential to regulation of the la

233 proteins and how they coordinate to activate late gene promoters remain largely unknown.

234 ound that while sequence-specific binding of late gene promoters requires ORF24, it additionally requ

235 hed and used to assess the activity of viral late gene promoters upon infection with MHV-68.

236 DNA sequence required for the activation of late gene promoters was mapped to a core element contain

237 Rta binding to late gene promoters was not seen at early time points bu

238 t did cause an increase at delayed-early and late gene promoters.

239 the transcription initiation complex at the late gene promoters.

240 re required for MHV-68 to activate the viral late gene promoters.

241 that it functions as a complex to recognize late gene promoters.IMPORTANCE Kaposi's sarcoma-associat

242 nduces pausing at a site near lambdoid phage late-gene promoters.

243 nd proceed in antisense orientation into the late gene region, leading to the formation of highly uns

244 solid foundation for mechanistic studies of late gene regulation.

245 ferases could bind to and modify histones at late-gene regulatory sequences.

246 Transcription of bacteriophage T4 late genes requires concomitant DNA replication.

247 man orthologous promoters for both Early and Late genes revealed that 241 gene promoters were predict

248 ate transcripts does not require the primary late-gene-specific viral transactivation factor, suggest

249 Late gene suppression is achieved through the production

250 enhances Rta protein function, but inhibits late gene synthesis and virion production, during KSHV l

251 We hypothesized that these late genes that are dispensable for competence are benef

252 o represses promoters for a second subset of late genes that are transcribed by an alternative polyme

253 with the apparent lack of codons in the same late genes that correspond to tRNAs that the genomes of

254 or transcription activation of several viral late genes that depend on lytic replication and therefor

255 Brg1 are critical for the expression of the late genes that induce terminal muscle differentiation.

256 rst time, in embryonic tissue, that myogenic late genes that specify the skeletal muscle phenotype ar

257 d 35 candidate early genes and 127 candidate late genes that were up-regulated at 5 and 15 min, respe

258 EBV latency gene loci showed that they are "late" genes, they are nuclear, and they tend to localize

259 a VACV mutant that conditionally transcribes late genes to sequence the two classes of mRNAs.

260 We have previously shown that late genes transcribed by the major chlamydial RNA polym

261 core how individual interactions between the late gene transcription components are critical for both

262 s viral trans factors crucial for activating late gene transcription following viral DNA replication

263 discovery of the viral mutants that uncouple late gene transcription from DNA replication lays an imp

264 , given that these mutations do not increase late gene transcription in the absence of genome replica

265 Late gene transcription in the beta- and gammaherpesviru

266 ddition to DNA replication for activation of late gene transcription initiation.

267 y, it was thought that only intermediate and late gene transcription produced double-stranded (ds) RN

268 f the anti-sigma factor FlgM and concomitant late gene transcription promoted by sigma28.

269 cells, and viral DNA synthesis and early and late gene transcription were inhibited.

270 y of the vTAs into a complex is critical for late gene transcription, and thus, deciphering the archi

271 A synthesis and more pronouncedly inhibiting late gene transcription.

272 nuclei as sites of viral DNA replication and late gene transcription.

273 abrogating postreplicative intermediate and late gene transcription.

274 Cs), domains in which viral DNA replication, late-gene transcription, and encapsidation take place, i

275 for TBP in vaccinia virus intermediate- and late-gene transcription.

276 f the gp45 sliding clamp in activation of T4 late-gene transcription.

277 The host-encoded P1 late-gene transcriptional activator, SspA, failed to sho

278 ing factor which activates splicing of viral late gene transcripts that contain weak 3' splice sites.

279 DNA replication but failed to express viral late gene transcripts, leading to nonproductive infectio

280 A ribozyme specific for the late gene U(L)20 was packaged in an adenovirus vector (A

281 r required for the expression of the phage's late genes under the control of promoter P(R').

282 not affected; however, the transcription of late genes was abolished.

283 onged and the expression of intermediate and late genes was almost undetectable.

284 S showed that transcription of late and very late genes was lower at later times posttransfection rel

285 eason for the requirement for Carm1/Prmt4 at late genes was to facilitate SWI/SNF chromatin-remodelin

286 Late genes were dependent on ComX for CSP-induced expres

287 Among these, 14 late genes were important for fitness in mice.

288 g sites, and that of these, 51 Early and 145 Late genes were previously not known to be NFkappaB targ

289 These late genes were systematically deleted, and the resultin

290 pression of viral immediate-early, early and late genes when added at various times post-infection.

291 ulated ICP4 gene and the glycoprotein C (gC) late gene, which was not regulated.

292 dinate to direct expression of virus-encoded late genes, which are critical for viral assembly and wh

293 ctious virions is the transcription of viral late genes, which generates capsid and structural protei

294 ivated transcription of the bacteriophage T4 late genes, which is coupled to concurrent DNA replicati

295 Late genes, which primarily encode virion structural pro

296 EUO to selectively bind promoter regions of late genes, which would prevent their transcription by R

297 -driven transcripts and downstream early and late genes, while immediate early genes from other loci

298 the production of capsid proteins and other late genes, whose production is transcriptionally contro

299 tor of CDK9, suppresses expression of gamma2 late genes with an IC50 of 5 mum, which is at least 10 t

300 Us5 was regulated as a late gene, with partial dependency on DNA replication fo