ライフサイエンスコーパス: leg

1 all major nutrients, by the human heart and leg.

2 erior and peroneal compartments of the lower leg.

3 und both bilaterally and unilaterally on the leg.

4 legs) than the local state of that muscle's leg.

5 cess proprioceptive information from the fly leg.

6 of an extended-open conformation of the beta leg.

7 unconstrained leg to that of the constrained leg.

8 ad used MR and BP OAs during both 4-wk study legs.

9 nt legs, while holding the web with its rear legs.

10 tim) and contralateral non-stimulated (Ctrl) legs.

11 on the relative orientation of the two Dsl1 legs.

12 s Anopheles coluzzii upon contact with their legs.

13 to the internal side of the ear drums in the legs.

14 on with the alternating actuation of its two legs.

15 oss in the field but do not regenerate their legs.

16 imilar to the spacing between hairs on bees' legs.

17 auditory spatial representations around the legs.

18 combed, spun without the intervention of the legs.

19 s extraocular tissues including antennae and legs.

20 ated the back space and the space around the legs.

21 rmal differentiation and patterning of adult legs.

22 ivity in proximal and distal muscles of both legs.

23 sexual circuitry; IR52a is also expressed in legs.

24 l feedback on the subjects' virtual arms and legs.

25 ts showed characteristic differences between legs.

26 ound balance support without obstructing the legs.

27 hen taxa were smaller, terrestrial, and long-legged.

28 [thigh: 1.8% (0.6%, 2.9%), P = 0.003; lower leg: 0.9% (0.3%, 1.6%), P = 0.005], balance eyes closed

29 ent improvement in the strength of his right leg, a measure that had been relatively stable throughou

30 eral resistance-type exercise (contralateral leg acting as resting control).

31 A numerical rating scale and the Faces, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability Scale were used f

32 toes do not visibly prepare for landing with leg adjustments or body pitching.

33 r rating of perceived exertion, also for the legs, after RALS supported these observations.

34 The ovine sural nerve descended to the lower leg along the short saphenous vein.

35 sted: they were most salient in the trailing leg and at short step lengths.

36 muscle cross-sectional area (3.7% to 4.9%), leg and back muscle strength (26% to 40%), and executive

37 involving patients with chronic edema of the leg and cellulitis, compression therapy resulted in a lo

38 igned participants with chronic edema of the leg and recurrent cellulitis, in a 1:1 ratio, to receive

39 tivity level, and height based on unaffected leg and residual limb length.

40 (19 males and 12 females), detecting raised-leg and squat posture urinations by monitoring the chang

41 nd sway when somatosensation from the intact leg and visual inputs were perturbed simultaneously.

42 rip duration, presence of pollen on the hind legs and mass upon return to the hive, during the lifelo

43 ed exclusively by the tarsal segments of the legs and not the proboscis.

44 e we investigate space perception around the legs and the role of previous visual experience, by stud

45 as they relate to sensory tissue (antennae, legs, and mouthparts), sex (male and female), and life s

46 l, reduce the positive work performed by the legs, and reduce metabolic cost.

47 n breakdown, at a rate ~10 times that of the leg; and released intermediates of the tricarboxylic aci

48 erior and peroneal compartments of the lower leg appears to be safe with regard to the results of thi

49 ference between the legs-whether or not both legs are moving-and can transfer this learning to novel

50 rtance of accounting for ABI values of all 4 leg arteries in clinical practice and research.

51 This work establishes mosquito legs as the behaviorally relevant contact sensors of DEE

52 during stance phase; LUL130 neurons lift the legs at the end of stance to initiate swing.

53 We found that distal regions of each leg bind N-terminal Habc domains of the ER SNAREs Sec20

54 During exercise, cardiac output and leg blood flow ( QL ) were measured via open-circuit ace

55 emoral arterial and venous blood samples and leg blood flow (by thermodilution) in eight patients wit

56 % together with increased insulin-stimulated leg blood flow and a more oxidative muscle fiber type di

57 art rate were significantly greater, whereas leg blood flow and leg vascular conductance were signifi

58 During exercise, cardiac output, leg blood flow and radial artery and femoral venous bloo

59 Finally, we found in humans that increased leg blood flow induced by unilateral limb heating for 1

60 lection and blood pressure measurements, and leg blood flow was measured by Doppler ultrasound.

61 ET(A) receptor antagonism markedly increased leg blood flow, vascular conductance, oxygen delivery, a

62 VO2 peak, cardiac output, stroke volume and leg blood flow.

63 ke in skeletal muscle and insulin-stimulated leg blood flow.

64 arge decrease in both the noninvasive arm-to-leg blood pressure gradient (41.2+/-18.7 to 5.6+/-9.6 mm

65 calvaria (skull caps) and two tibiae (lower leg bones) were discovered from a bone bed located about

66 ibrium-based model in its replication of two-leg breakthrough curves observed in core flood experimen

67 easures of mitochondrial respiration between legs, but peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gam

68 e snowy owl, an irruptive migrant, the rough-legged buzzard, with an intermediary migration pattern,

69 ilateral gait training, as stepping with one leg can facilitate adaptive learning that transfers to n

70 ents, we observe that stepping with only one leg can facilitate learning of an entirely new walking p

71 n the posterior thigh and the deep posterior leg compartments.

72 rrent cellulitis, in a 1:1 ratio, to receive leg compression therapy plus education on cellulitis pre

73 age protein (SAP2), which is enriched in the legs, confers pyrethroid resistance to Anopheles gambiae

74 laments(8-10) as well as non-canonical three-legged configurations.

75 requires only a limited range of triskelion leg conformations, yet inherent flexibility is required

76 This seems intuitive: with one leg constrained, gait becomes asymmetric.

77 Both heart and leg consumed ketones, glutamate, and acetate in direct p

78 The trunk and prosthetic-side leg contributions to H at toe-off when using the active

79 aordinarily long sensory organs (antenniform legs) covered with thousands of mechanosensory, olfactor

80 This 3-leg crossover trial (n = 14) investigated the effects of

81 d mitochondrial function between the control leg (CTL) and the immobilized leg (IMB).

82 nerve (DMG) and in the contralateral control leg (CTRL) (n = 7) to investigate changes of the metabol

83 erlapping electrodes, as afforded by the dog-leg design, allow for efficient heat management and high

84 t formation, and HOXA11, involved in forearm/leg development.

85 As a result, the patient's leg did not have to be amputated and he is undergoing re

86 he role of motor shape, chassis flexibility, leg distribution, and total number of legs in tuning per

87 body wall, moving the proximal exite of the leg dorsally, up onto the back, to later form insect win

88 es on the functional profile during a single-leg drop landing and a squatting task.

89 body-weight in the loading of the supporting leg during the six-month period.

90 High-speed microscopy recordings of hind legs during the acceleration phase of jumps revealed tha

91 linical conditions that primarily affect one leg (e.g. stroke).

92 cardia; thrombocytosis; leukocytosis; fever; leg edema; lower Barthel Index (BI) score; immobility; p

93 se the ~19-nm-diameter central turret, and a leg emerging from the basal lobe that connects to the me

94 32 +/- 0.012%/h in the feeding plus exercise leg (Exercise) (both P < 0.01), whereas CP increased MPS

95 A peripheral fat distribution (leg fat adjusted for IAAT/SAAT) was associated with a hi

96 gh fat fraction R(2) = 0.35, p = 0.01; lower leg fat fraction R(2) = 0.49, p < 0.01).

97 t of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]), trunk-to-leg fat ratio, resting energy expenditure, respiratory q

98 Percent leg fat was also significantly higher in men but lower i

99 central fat distribution (SAAT adjusted for leg fat) was associated with lower SIClamp in African Am

100 lamp (P < 0.05); higher BMI, fat mass, SAAT, leg fat, and liver fat were associated with lower SIClam

101 (IAAT), and liver fat were measured by MRI; leg fat, total fat, and lean mass were measured by DXA.

102 Leg fat-free mass was reduced in IMB (mean +/- SEM: -3.6

103 0.08, SE = 0.05, P = 0.10) in the model for leg fat.

104 tness, and a predominantly lower body (i.e., leg) fat deposition are key physiological traits of a me

105 vestigated this issue in stick insect middle leg femur-tibia (FT) joint.

106 pe maneuvers, and/or recruited the 'sensory' legs for locomotion.

107 oencephalography data were acquired during a leg force task in pre-/post-practice sessions in adolesc

108 nts of mosquitoes-thorax, wings, abdomen and legs from images.

109 es of spontaneous motor recovery of hindlimb/leg function.

110 insulin action by 26% and insulin-stimulated leg glucose uptake by 53% together with increased insuli

111 Daily use of compression garments on the leg has been recommended to prevent the recurrence of ce

112 predators (snowy owls, glaucous gulls, rough-legged hawks and long-tailed jaegers) feeding on a pulse

113 suspension or lumbosacral plexus injury from leg hyperextension.

114 en the control leg (CTL) and the immobilized leg (IMB).

115 for nine obesity-related measures (including leg impedance and trunk fat-free mass).

116 Horizontal motion is stabilized by total leg impulse modulations, whereas the vertical motion is

117 Rats were trained to maintain a hind leg in a flexed position to avoid noxious stimulation.

118 T2) transection can learn to maintain a hind leg in a flexed position to minimize exposure to a noxio

119 anical and thermal performance of the bionic leg in benchtop testing, as well as its kinematics and k

120 weight that can be put through the affected leg in patients with metastatic bone disease of the lowe

121 ility, leg distribution, and total number of legs in tuning performance.

122 Unlike true spiders, the first pair of legs in whip spiders is modified into extraordinarily lo

123 domain with (TDD) or without (TD) the distal leg inhibits CME and CCP dynamics by perturbing clathrin

124 Chronic edema of the leg is a risk factor for cellulitis.

125 ize metabolic power when the function of one leg is constrained during fixed-speed treadmill walking

126 rically to minimize metabolic power when one leg is constrained during fixed-speed treadmill walking,

127 drive people to walk asymmetrically when one leg is constrained We studied healthy young adults and i

128 drive people to walk asymmetrically when one leg is constrained, even when symmetric walking remains

129 The bionic leg is open source, it includes software for low-level c

130 with COVID-19 who presented with symptoms of leg ischemia only were more likely to avoid amputation o

131 examinations in patients who presented with leg ischemia.

132 ent to which humans can voluntarily regulate leg joint stiffness is not yet known.

133 el object tests to measure boldness in black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) breeding at four co

134 es) completed a total of six bouts of single-leg knee-extension exercise (60% peak work rate, 4 min e

135 n were assessed at peak effort during single-leg knee-extensor exercise (KE), where ventilation is as

136 predicted) and eight controls during single-leg knee-extensor exercise.

137 p on 2 separate days: one day with prior one-legged knee-extensor exercise to local exhaustion (~2.5

138 rcise-induced improvements in total body and leg lean mass (LM), muscle strength, and executive funct

139 We find a significant correlation of leg length to social distance, outlining the interdepend

140 But only in men, leg length was inversely related to type 2 diabetes (OR

141 Height and leg length were not associated with risk.

142 thropometric markers of childhood nutrition [leg length, leg length-to-height ratio (LHR)] with waist

143 markers of childhood nutrition [leg length, leg length-to-height ratio (LHR)] with waist circumferen

144 y outcomes of total body LM (0.6 to 0.8 kg), leg LM (0.1 to 0.2 kg), thigh muscle cross-sectional are

145 pling alone can change the centralization of legged locomotion.

146 this topic because they show high levels of leg loss in the field but do not regenerate their legs.

147 Additionally, following leg loss, some animals changed the gaits used during esc

148 cally robust to the bodily damage imposed by leg loss.

149 Staging lymphadenectomy poses risks, such as leg lymphedema or lymphocyst formation.

150 BQ-123 reduced leg MAP at rest (-8 +/- 4 mmHg; P < 0.001) and lower int

151 s positively correlated with increasing lean leg mass after training and retraining.

152 rigid chassis coupled with a high density of legs maximizes nanomotor speed and endurance.

153 Lack of muscle spindle feedback from the legs may account for the poor proprioception at the knee

154 alker Descending Neurons (MDNs), which alter leg motor circuit dynamics so that the fly walks backwar

155 do descending inputs from the brain control leg motor circuits to change how an animal walks?

156 several dozen MDN target neurons within the leg motor circuits, and show that two of them mediate di

157 magnetic and electrical stimulation over the leg motor cortex to elicit motor evoked potentials (MEPs

158 We find that leg motor neurons exhibit a coordinated gradient of anat

159 veals the functional organization of the fly leg motor system and establishes Drosophila as a tractab

160 ctions to lumbar MNs are required to produce leg movements after SCI.

161 ordings, we studied how face, head, arm, and leg movements are represented in the hand knob area of p

162 Can individuals modify their leg movements based on their body mass and locomotor exp

163 in iRLS that could enhance the likelihood of leg movements.

164 iate distinct and highly-specific changes in leg muscle activity during backward walking: LBL40 neuro

165 The effects of leg muscle activity on cardiovascular regulation have be

166 Leg muscle activity reduced, and postural sway increased

167 FF was higher in leg muscle groups of participants with DPN than in DPN-n

168 T2(water) was prolonged in leg muscle groups of participants with DPN when compared

169 on at calf level (P < .001).ConclusionMRI of leg muscle groups revealed fat accumulation, differences

170 iovascular signals obtained with and without leg muscle loading during HDT in healthy human subjects,

171 consuming muscle in the soleus, or any other leg muscle, during running.

172 t affect muscle activity (all seven measured leg muscles (p >= 0.146)), soleus active muscle volume (

173 reduction in the resistive force from lower leg muscles 130 ms after the visual motion onset.

174 Loading leg muscles during HDT at rest led to significantly high

175 region in both sexes; fatty infiltration of leg muscles in men, especially in gluteus maximus; and p

176 (Numida meleagris) revealed that the distal leg muscles rapidly modulate force and work output to mi

177 MRI of the leg muscles showed fibrofatty infiltration predominating

178 d fat replacement of paraspinal and proximal leg muscles; cardiac investigations were unremarkable.

179 uals with dispersal-enhancing traits (longer legs, narrower heads) had reduced reproductive investmen

180 factory neurons send their axons through the leg nerve into the corresponding neuromere of the centra

181 promotes proper neuronal projections to the leg neuropil and a specific flight-related take-off beha

182 rophylaxis, survival, or symptoms other than leg oedema.

183 hat allowed naive subjects to manipulate the leg of a virtual stroke survivor (a virtual patient; VP)

184 xite (outgrowth; for example, a gill) on the leg of an ancestral crustacean.

185 als, we compared the front, middle, and hind legs of multiple flies using scanning electron microscop

186 als that lost either three legs total or two legs on the same side of the body showed an immediate an

187 aroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, swelling of the legs or feet, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, melena,

188 bsorptive MyoPS rates did not differ between legs or groups.

189 10%; P = 0.039), with no differences between legs or groups.

190 3.2; 95% CI, 1.6 to 6.3); and prolonged arm, leg, or back pain (RR, 4.0; 95% CI, 2.2 to 7.1).

191 in WP than CP in both the Rest and Exercise legs (P = 0.02).

192 n subjects with chronic low back pain and/or leg pain and performed post hoc analysis on changes in o

193 Chronic pain, including chronic low back and leg pain are prominent causes of disability worldwide.

194 n established treatment for chronic back and leg pain for more than 50 years; however, outcomes are v

195 The primary outcome was the intensity of leg pain on a visual analogue scale (ranging from 0 to 1

196 Patient-reported back and leg pain using the visual analog scale (VAS) and opioid

197 reduction of 50% or more in overall back and leg pain with no increase in pain medications.

198 e on the Oswestry Disability Index, back and leg pain, and quality-of-life scores at 6 weeks, 3 month

199 lation for the treatment of chronic back and leg pain.

200 The primary outcome of the leg-pain intensity score at 6 months was 2.8 in the surg

201 At baseline, the mean score for leg-pain intensity was 7.7 in the surgical group and 8.0

202 ed environmentally realistic exposure of red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa) eggs to an herbicide (

203 The task was to make the VP's leg pass through early, mid, and late swing gait targets

204 Restless legs patients complain about sensory and motor symptoms

205 port the phenotypes for the knockout of five leg patterning genes in the crustacean Parhyale hawaiens

206 changes occurred in the presence of reduced leg perfusion pressure, indicating that these augmentati

207 -limb involved ALS patients exhibited "split leg" phenomenon.

208 e and HC participants in the upper and lower leg (plantar flexors [PF], 62% vs 78% vs 89%; P < .001;

209 9Aalpha neurons also drive changes in leg posture, but encode a combination of directional mov

210 conspicuous signatures of archetypal raised-leg postures in the accelerometer data.

211 The change in leg press power, function, and strength did not differ b

212 jects, both at rest and during recovery from leg-press exercises using a robotic device.

213 It was hypothesized that, if seeing the VP's leg provides beneficial dynamics information, the VDC gr

214 In this retrospective study, bilateral long-leg radiographs (LLRs) from 255 patients that were obtai

215 ndgrip (p = 0.044, p < 0.001), one-heel left leg raise (p = 0.019), and 6-minute walking (p = 0.006),

216 the changes in cardiac index during passive leg raising and after volume expansion.

217 ac output (or its surrogates) during passive leg raising are, thus, mandatory to appropriately interp

218 l to 5 cm H2O (i.e., 4 mm Hg) during passive leg raising can predict preload unresponsiveness diagnos

219 se in central venous pressure during passive leg raising cannot identify negative passive leg raising

220 sing did not differ between positive passive leg raising cases (positive passive leg raising test) an

221 ater than or equal to 4 mm Hg during passive leg raising did not better allow one to identify negativ

222 es in central venous pressure during passive leg raising did not differ between positive passive leg

223 was observed in 10 cases of positive passive leg raising test and in 11 cases of negative passive leg

224 ssive leg raising test) and negative passive leg raising test cases (3 +/- 2 vs 3 +/- 2 mm Hg, respec

225 leg raising cannot identify negative passive leg raising test cases and thus preload unresponsiveness

226 perating characteristic curve of the passive leg raising test for detecting fluid responsiveness was

227 The passive leg raising test was defined as positive if it increased

228 ts without fluid responsiveness, the passive leg raising test was negative in all but one patient.

229 passive leg raising cases (positive passive leg raising test) and negative passive leg raising test

230 Preload unresponsiveness (negative passive leg raising test) was observed in 32 cases.

231 ual to 10% during the test (negative passive leg raising test).

232 ing test and in 11 cases of negative passive leg raising test.

233 etter allow one to identify negative passive leg raising test.

234 ater than or equal to 4 mm Hg during passive leg raising was observed in 10 cases of positive passive

235 ed to test preload responsiveness by passive leg raising were prospectively included.

236 gral were measured before and during passive leg raising.

237 an development and the execution of specific leg-related behaviors.

238 /- SD 0.017 +/- 0.008%/h in the feeding-only leg (Rest) and 0.032 +/- 0.012%/h in the feeding plus ex

239 Finally we use a legged robot to show that mechanical coupling alone can

240 (RR, 7.5; 95% CI, 1.9 to 29.9); weakness in legs (RR, 8.1; 95% CI, 2.5 to 26.4); severe headaches (R

241 t and crustacean legs that suggests that two leg segments that were present in the common ancestor of

242 in the crustacean terga and in the proximal leg segments, suggesting that the evolution of a preWGN

243 neumonia, and venous ultrasonography of both legs showed no deep venous thrombosis.

244 Distal leg skin punch biopsies and 2 neurological scores were u

245 to jump from smooth glass, the insects' hind legs slipped, resulting in weak, uncontrolled jumps with

246 Different species of water striders match leg speeds to their body sizes to maximize their jump ta

247 rs in order to quantify their HMP from a two-legged squat motion and the deviation from the HMP when

248 nt group-time interaction effect for the one-leg standing test (OLST) (p = 0.049) and a significant t

249 o clinical balance assessments (e.g., single-leg standing, functional reach), our analysis identifies

250 Contact time and leg stiffness were more asymmetric using the RSP model t

251 reaction forces (vGRFs), stride kinematics, leg stiffness, and symmetry.

252 emoral nerve magnetic stimulation, to assess leg strength before and after 2 weeks of conventional ph

253 eaning facility failed to improve quadriceps leg strength in a majority of mechanically ventilated pa

254 ises three subunits that together form a two-legged structure with a central hinge.

255 surface, which might have aided evolution of leg structures optimized for exploitation of the water s

256 T, but are encouraged if there is persistent leg swelling or if a trial of stockings improves symptom

257 locities, and movement amplitudes present in leg swings. The viscoelastic "transient" passive force t

258 However, PCDT significantly reduced early leg symptoms and, over 24 months, reduced PTS severity s

259 rformed on patients with idiopathic restless legs syndrome (iRLS) who were not currently on treatment

260 The responsible mechanisms of restless legs syndrome are still not known, although current stud

261 Restless legs syndrome is a frequent neurological disorder with s

262 Restless legs syndrome is a sensorimotor network disorder.

263 3) resided in the vicinity of known restless legs syndrome loci, whereas 5 (BBS7, CADM1, CREB5, NRG3,

264 We conclude that, in restless legs syndrome, an increased HCN current in motoneurons m

265 sex, daytime somnolence, insomnia, restless legs syndrome, sleep apnoea, urinary dysfunction, orthos

266 re imperfect and may be affected by restless legs syndrome, these findings provide new biological ins

267 veals putatively causative genes in restless legs syndrome.

268 low-frequency and rare variants in restless legs syndrome.

269 variants previously associated with restless legs syndrome.

270 ntributes to the pathophysiology of restless legs syndrome.

271 not previously been associated with restless legs syndrome.

272 e temperature difference of 462 K, in single leg TE device based on 10 mol % Sb-doped (GeTe)(0.95)(Sn

273 nt, showed a significant decrease in elderly leg tendons.

274 is tendons (PTT) as two representative human leg tendons.

275 global kinematic state (the averages of all legs) than the local state of that muscle's leg.

276 ads to an alignment of insect and crustacean legs that suggests that two leg segments that were prese

277 On the legs, the number and relative arrangement of CS varied b

278 Using a net held between their front four legs, these spiders lunge downward to ensnare prey from

279 ts, and somatosensory cues from their intact leg to compensate for missing somatosensory information

280 y matching the movement of the unconstrained leg to that of the constrained leg.

281 icipants used myoelectric signals from their legs to maintain balance of an actuated, inverted pendul

282 y grab with R842, and its isopropyl group as legs to stand on I846 and L843.

283 Individuals that lost either three legs total or two legs on the same side of the body show

284 ted circuit board (PCB), with a bespoke "dog-leg" track design, that can be rolled up for ease of ass

285 ficantly greater, whereas leg blood flow and leg vascular conductance were significantly lower than t

286 Motor patterns in legged vertebrates show modularity in both young and adu

287 ive control of limb posture and detection of leg vibration.

288 th chronic, intractable pain of the back and legs (Visual Analog Scale [VAS] pain score >=60 mm; Oswe

289 From placebo to fentanyl, leg VO2 , QL and O(2) delivery were greater for HFrEF du

290 or longer step than preferred and the other leg was allowed to move freely, most participants natura

291 hesis whenever somatosensation in the intact leg was compromised via perturbations of the platform.

292 han preferred using visual feedback When one leg was constrained to take a shorter or longer step tha

293 tly than symmetric walking patterns When one leg was constrained to take a shorter or longer step tha

294 msec vs 31 msec; P = .002) and in the lower leg when compared with participants without DPN (PF, 33

295 om the relative speed difference between the legs-whether or not both legs are moving-and can transfe

296 Moreover, this change was greatest for the legs, which surround the body at rest and create a diffu

297 er releases the tension line using its front legs, while holding the web with its rear legs.

298 ple XNH scans, we imaged an adult Drosophila leg with sufficient resolution to comprehensively catalo

299 robust and short antennae having long setae, legs with only one single tarsal claw associated with tw

300 cumulation of total RNA at Week 2 in the MOD leg, with every 1% difference increasing the odds of MOD