ライフサイエンスコーパス: linker

1 t dyes 580CP and 610CP (via 6-aminohexanoate linker).

2 econdary building unit and a tetrazole-based linker.

3 indicating structural rearrangements in the linker.

4 an E3 ubiquitin (E3) ligase, connected via a linker.

5 mically connected by a single dominant cross-linker.

6 ith isolated PRG DH and PH domains and their linker.

7 gands such as an antibody or a peptide via a linker.

8 substrate through CUL5 to the RBX2 flexible linker.

9 using disuccinimidyl sulfoxide (DSSO) cross-linker.

10 s on the length/flexibility of the PH-kinase linker.

11 cal endogenous pathway was attenuated by PRG-linker.

12 oups on the INFGN surface, which acts as the linker.

13 omains, even in the presence of a 30-residue linker.

14 movable backbone modification to a cleavable linker.

15 PI3K inhibitor (Idelalisib) via an optimized linker.

16 ick reaction using an alkyne-PEG-neridronate linker.

17 s A- and B-rings are replaced by a glutarate linker.

18 d from the PRG:Galpha(s)-binding region, PRG-linker.

19 e-forming S6 transmembrane segment via the C-linker.

20 and, for the first time, a phosphorus-based linker.

21 tegy of probe strands with a double-stranded linker.

22 alternate with short conjugated p-phenylene linkers.

23 lexible MOFs based on derivatized amino acid linkers.

24 microtubule inner proteins, and microtubule linkers.

25 y focus has been on the use of inert peptide linkers.

26 directly and specifically with biotinylated linkers.

27 beta-fold, flanked by disordered interdomain linkers.

28 ks (ZIFs) based on 2-substituted imidazolate linkers.

29 lting compounds using flexible alkyl-derived linkers.

30 c phases not linked exclusively to trimesate linkers.

31 mission overlap among the parallelly aligned linkers.

32 us metal ions and ditopic, hydroxamate-based linkers.

33 athepsin-cleavable valine-citrulline peptide linkers.

34 ative levels of isoforms with long and short linkers.

35 uilt from metal ions or clusters and organic linkers.

36 urface modifiers, dummy templates, and cross-linkers.

37 (HATN-6CHO) and the first electron-donating linker 2,2'-([2,2'-bithiophene]-5,5'-diyl)diacetonitrile

38 d that the contrast agent with a five-carbon linker (25) showed the highest light-sensing ability aft

39 eat units (Patent No.: US 9,421,276) via the linker 3,3'-dithiodipropionic acid (DDPA) with a disulfi

40 units attached to a hydrophobic amino-pentyl linker, a construct not expected to assemble into glycod

41 Spin labels were introduced into the SthK C-linker, a domain that is essential for coupling cyclic n

42 The chemical formulas for the linker adducts formed by these reagents are usually dedu

43 as compared to a more rigid 4-pyridinethiol linker, allows the pyridine-4-yl-methanethiol ligand to

44 We apply our approach to the actin cross-linker alpha-actinin-4 and show that the cross-linking t

45 This linker also showed broad substrate compatibility; incorp

46 avage releases the cargo with the N-terminal linker amino acid from the peptide prior to transport ou

47 at is stabilized by an alternatively spliced linker and a conserved calcium-binding site.

48 -7, contains an undesirable labile hydrazone linker and a potentially nonfunctional furazanopyrazine

49 hese findings indicate that 7I with a stable linker and a quinoxaline ring can be used as a lead for

50 nergic agonists/PKA also requires this rigid linker and beta-binding to alpha(1C).

51 nate key molecular features of the inhibitor linker and capping groups that facilitate and differenti

52 ework by using an amide-based [2]rotaxane as linker and copper(II) ions as metal nodes.

53 ue 209 altered the conformation of the S1-S2 linker and made it no longer susceptible to proteinase K

54 persistent interdomain motions enabling the linker and N3 domains in the receptor to transiently eng

55 fferent inter-domain packing through a short linker and refolding of CD2.

56 In employing a combination of pentaglycine linker and tethering glyphosate via its secondary amino

57 f state-dependent interactions between the C-linker and the transmembrane domain.

58 ing of the Hafnium oxide (HfO(2)) as well as linkers and antibodies.

59 pite their obvious appeal as surface-binding linkers and as precursors for controlled graphene nanori

60 ts, with 4SU residues being tagged by biotin linkers and captured using streptavidin beads before lib

61 rgetically favored to enable displacement of linkers and creation of open Zr sites during pretreatmen

62 frameworks (MOFs), constructed from organic linkers and inorganic building blocks, are well-known fo

63 o design fibers with naturally-occurring DNA linkers and NFRs that fold onto specific clutch patterns

64 roceed through the successive bending of the linkers and the barrier for isopropyl-substituted deriva

65 profile due to the hydrophobic nature of the linker, and as per characteristic erosion behavior of po

66 a PBD-lipid containing a BODIPY core, indole linker, and PEG length between 1000 and 5000 g/mol.

67 ch as monomer/polymer building blocks, cross-linkers, and functional additives, and discuss how hydro

68 ation of pore geometry, metal nodes, organic linkers, and functional groups, but at present we do not

69 hat cover protein and nucleic acids binding, linkers, and moonlighting regions.

70 We designed a carbohydrate linker- and cyanobenzothiazole-cysteine condensation rea

71 ues in alpha4, alpha5, and the alpha5-alpha6 linker are essential for methyltransferase function, inc

72 The linkers are cell compatible; a cell-penetrating peptide

73 s of linkers published and discuss how these linkers are designed to obtain the lead compound.

74 While current sulfoxide-based cross-linkers are effective for in vivo and in vitro XL-MS stu

75 Distinctly, organic linkers are judiciously designed in order to promote the

76 Both linkers are quantitatively cleaved within minutes under

77 Here, we identify cytoplasmic linker-associated protein 2 (CLASP2), a +TIP that captur

78 Here, we reveal that cytoplasmic linker-associated protein 2 (CLASP2), a key regulator of

79 tion and modeling, a systematic variation of linker atom oxidation state enables fine regulation of l

80 mplish the total synthesis of an aminopropyl linker-attached trisaccharide repeating unit of Staphylo

81 nversions to access the structurally complex linker-attached trisaccharide repeating units, which are

82 nine residue at position 92, which is in the linker between cap helix 2 and pore helix 1, markedly re

83 ropose neuronal Mfn2 as a likely mechanistic linker between neuronal mitochondria dysfunction and neu

84 Moreover, by changing the flexibility of the linker between two binding motifs, our results suggest t

85 te frameworks (ZIFs), i.e., reversible metal-linker bonding, driven by specific vibrational modes, ca

86 hallenges the common perception of MOF metal-linker bonds being static.

87 e regulation involves phosphorylation of the linker by PRK kinase which in turn is positively regulat

88 n to engagement of the GSDMD N- and C-domain linker by the caspase-1 active site, an anti-parallel be

89 ker DNA inhibits nucleosome sliding into the linker by the chromatin remodeller INO80, which explains

90 sized a new C(2)-symmetric trans-cyclooctene linker (C(2)TCO) that exhibits excellent biological stab

91 The location/site of conjugation of payload-linker can have an effect on ADC stability and hence nee

92 aining monomers with distinctively different linker chemistries were designed, synthesized, and copol

93 Similarly, linker chemistry (cleavable versus stable) altered activ

94 ncluding degradation profile, by varying the linker chemistry.

95 omers to more hydrophilic pendant groups via linker cleavage, and as this drug release proceeds, the

96 We also identified three residues on the C-linker-CNBD (Glu(478), Gln(482), and His(559)) that form

97 direct structural link between the VSD and C-linker-CNBD.

98 acokinetics associated with these 4 chelator-linker combinations were compared in 12 healthy young ma

99 We find that, with increasing the linker concentration, vitrimers undergo a reentrant gel-

100 ine regulation of layer stacking pattern and linker conformation, which affords a strong interlayer t

101 k structure amplifies small local changes in linker conformation, which are strongly coupled to the g

102 ompared to control treatment arms MMAE, MMAE-linker conjugate and ALDC3.

103 ing dendrimers, which have their hydrophobic linker connected via a thiourea group to the amphiphilic

104 rogenase domains, consistent with a flexible linker connecting the two domains.

105 s of this system, called Z-lock, is that the linkers connecting the dimer components to the termini a

106 is method is widely applicable for hydrazide linkers containing various side-chain functionalities an

107 The optimal linker contains two proline residues and enhances compou

108 ategy toward new materials with exotic metal-linker coordination modes.

109 Variation in the linkers could alter transphosphorylation rates within a

110 nol is formed at the interface of Pt NPs and linker-deficient Zr(6)O(8) nodes resting on the Pt NP su

111 d, using a combination of hydrolysable ester linkers derived from succinic anhydride (SA), 3,3-dimeth

112 opes selectively incorporated into the cross-linker design, allowing for isobaric cross-linked peptid

113 Disordered flexible linkers (DFLs) are abundant and functionally important i

114 Shortening the mini-linker did not affect the SNAP25-zDHHC17 interaction but

115 ned by F583 and F643, and different aromatic linkers direct the capping group toward shallow pockets

116 e groups, we discovered that the tetrahedral linker directs the formation of new RE-MOFs, RE-ken-MOF-

117 Using the MS-cleavable cross-linker, disuccinimidyl sulfoxide, inter-protein cross-li

118 dly affects clutch size, while the length of linker DNA has a moderate effect.

119 Low bendability of linker DNA inhibits nucleosome sliding into the linker b

120 which orients the binding of DNMT3A2 to the linker DNA.

121 However, the flanking/linker DNAs displayed substantial distinct dynamic confo

122 li, the CTT contains a structurally flexible linker domain and a small metal-binding domain (MBD).

123 an inhibitory conformation in which a large linker domain blocks activation and substrate access.

124 he SLIVm structure, but upon cleavage in the linker domain the complex becomes more flexible and base

125 substrate involve multiple cleavages in the linker domain upon activation by Ca(2+).

126 The conjugation site of the linker-drug on the antibody was found to affect the kine

127 hemically reduced at basic pH to release the linker-drug, followed by self-immolation to liberate the

128 synthesis, and biological evaluation of four linker-drugs, anticipating the construction of antibody-

129 Our results indicate that a 2-C to 4-C atom linker enables its respective bisubstrate analogue to oc

130 igid, crystalline structure based on organic linkers enables the potential for permanent porosity and

131 Linker exchange is a widely applied, robust technique fo

132 loro-3,6-dihydroxo-1,4-benzoquinone) undergo linker exchange upon exposure to a solution of monodepro

133 sion rates into the MOF that are slower than linker exchange.

134 lytic complex is introduced by postsynthetic linker exchange.

135 pecifically, we show that the actin-membrane linker ezrin is depleted prior to protrusion onset and t

136 materials composed of metal ions and organic linkers featuring high porosity, crystallinity, and chem

137 Here, we reconstitute the linker for activation of T cells (LAT):growth-factor-rec

138 n for antifouling, the second on a protein-G linker for controlling antibody-orientation, and the thi

139 chanics, to serving as force-bearing protein linker for modulation of mechanotransduction of cells, a

140 tta molecular modeling program for designing linkers for Z-lock.

141 They can also be designed with different linkers, for example with faster or slower degrading p-h

142 y rotation of the central phenyl ring of the linker, from a coplanar arrangement to a twisted, previo

143 ng of two prerotaxanes bearing complementary linker functionalities (i.e., azide and alkyne) and foll

144 etical study of the relationship between the linker functionalization and the thermodynamic stability

145 get nucleic acid, the dual-DNA (reporter and linker) functionalized AuNPs were introduced into the se

146 the selectivity and sensitivity of chemical linkers/groups to specific oxidative species and the und

147 The ligand with an 80 angstrom linker had the most pronounced bivalent effects, with a

148 ect interaction between the sensor and the C-linker hairpin in the adjacent pore subunit is the prima

149 lized within a static framework in which the linker hinders the free rotation of the fluorophores and

150 hlight the thermodynamic basis for different linker histone binding motifs, and details their physica

151 Here, we show a critical role for linker histone H1 on the differentiation and function of

152 Linker histone H1 proteins bind to nucleosomes and facil

153 amics, exemplified by the positively charged linker histone H1.0 and its chaperone, the negatively ch

154 isordered chromatin-binding proteins, the H1 linker histone influences a myriad of chromatin characte

155 nally, we established that chromatin without linker histone stimulates cyclic guanosine monophosphate

156 hromatosomes with the globular domain of two linker histone variants, generic H1 (genGH1) and H1.0 (G

157 Linker histones (H1s) are key structural components of t

158 Results show that both unbound linker histones adopt a single compact conformation.

159 Linker histones are epigenetic regulators that bind to n

160 Here, we demonstrate an integral role for H1 linker histones in silencing repetitive elements in mous

161 H1 linker histones interact directly with Suv39h1, Suv39h2,

162 n, a less conserved intrinsically disordered linker (IDL), and a highly conserved C-terminal peptide

163 gions (IDRs), the N-terminal IDR and central-linker IDR, as well as the folded C-terminal oligomeriza

164 The linker in a drug conjugate plays a key role in the circu

165 e isomerization or flipping of the beta11-12 linker in the extracellular, ligand-binding domain is an

166 sitization can be suppressed by trapping the linker in the resting state, indicating that isomerizati

167 The presence of both types of linker in the resulting frameworks is confirmed by a com

168 results highlight the importance of flexible linkers in regulating multidomain chromatin binding prot

169 exes were used as dynamic, yet strong, cross-linkers in the fabrication of supramolecular gels, which

170 the Nse1 and Nse3 KITE proteins to the Nse4 linker increased stability of the ATP-free SMC5/6 comple

171 mUHRF1 V1, in contrast to V2 and hUHRF1, the linker is anchored in a surface groove of the TTD domain

172 nd that the chemical formula of the dominant linker is C(5)H(4), which indicates a ringed aromatic st

173 ixing merging and linking methods, where the linker is duplicated from a known inhibitor, appears as

174 dicating that isomerization of the beta11-12 linker is not merely a consequence of, but a necessity f

175 The resulting aminooxy linker is stable under a variety of conditions and selec

176 tion, while CaMKII-beta, with a ~200 residue linker, is biased towards inhibitory autophosphorylation

177 Recently, new methods such as linker labilization for the construction of HP-MOFs have

178 interactions revealed a strong influence of linker length and glyphosate coupling position on the se

179 d that coupling between sites depends on the linker length separating these sites.

180 , and activity dependent on proximity (i.e., linker length).

181 lay between the nucleosome size and the mean linker length.

182 al CaMKII variants spanning a broad range of linker lengths and compositions.

183 , we design systems with naturally-occurring linker lengths that fold onto specific clutch patterns;

184 enomenon tolerates changes in hairpin order, linker lengths, and the identities of the helper hairpin

185 MHETase:PETase chimeric proteins of varying linker lengths, which all exhibit improved PET and MHET

186 Varying the cross-linker loading or bottlebrush backbone degree of polymer

187 engineering an optimal sequence, stabilizing linker location, and physicochemical properties is a slo

188 anic frameworks (MOFs) containing triazolate linkers, M(2) X(2) (BBTA) (M=metal, X=bridging anion, H(

189 as conjugated to quinidine through a glycine linker, making a monovalent quinidine-polymer conjugate,

190 Linker-mediated immunoassays are also demonstrated to pr

191 Recently developed linker-mediated vitrimers based on metathesis of dioxabo

192 ework to elucidate the phase behavior of the linker-mediated vitrimers, in which entropy plays a gove

193 lization of the SCPs with different types of linker molecules and glyphosate was assessed employing c

194 alently linked to therapeutic (131)I via the linker N-succinimidyl 4-guanidino-methyl-3-iodobenzoate

195 NTD), NTD-nucleotide-binding domain 1 (NBD1) linker, NBD1, and middle domain (MD) residues that enabl

196 In particular, aromatic and heteroaromatic linkers nestle within an aromatic cleft defined by F583

197 The NifD(Y100Q)-linker-NifK retained function in bacterial nitrogenase a

198 ant also enabled expression of a NifD(Y100Q)-linker-NifK translational polyprotein in plant mitochond

199 esidues in the nucleotide binding domain and linker of Arabidopsis ABCB1, mutations of which do not a

200 further showed that the extracellular S1-S2 linker of Kv1.5 communicates with the intracellular N te

201 mediate filament network associated with the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex

202 h connects to the nucleoskeleton through the Linker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton (LINC) complex

203 outer nuclear envelope component of a plant Linker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton complex, assoc

204 domain of SUN2, a constituent protein of the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton complex.

205 pplied DC tsMSQ to study the assembly of the linker of the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton complex, a

206 However, many NE complexes, such as the linker of the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton complex, a

207 s substituted with a flexible glycine-serine linker of the same length underwent efficient S-acylatio

208 Although the S1-S2 linker of WT Kv1.5 could be cleaved by extracellularly a

209 necting two RNA-binding modules with peptoid linkers of different geometries and lengths.

210 derived from BP and Thy, separated by linear linkers of different length, has been investigated by st

211 isolation of Fe atoms centered in porphyrin linkers of MOF sets the first protective barrier to inhi

212 on reaction were developed by conferring the linkers of NH(2) -MIL-125(Ti), a metal-organic framework

213 are transduced to nuclear responses via the linkers of the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) co

214 ns including nesprins, SUN2, and lamins form Linkers of the Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton (LINC) co

215 We previously showed that Linkers of the Nucleoskeleton to the Cytoskeleton (LINC

216 bly of metal cations or clusters and organic linkers, offer a unique solid adsorbent design platform

217 The effect of the variable linker on Ca(2+)/CaM sensitivity depended on the kinase

218 but the bisubstrate analogue with a 5-C atom linker only interacts with the substrate-binding site an

219 Cyclization linker optimization from library screening produced a cy

220 nyl monomers with self-immolative hydrolytic linkers or cathepsin-cleavable valine-citrulline peptide

221 patible with the connectivity of the organic linker originally present in the crystal.

222 scovered containing a (R)-N-(piperidin-3-yl) linker (P2-6R), which killed NCI-H460 and A549 lung canc

223 pyrin by hijacking PRK and RSK and directing linker phosphorylation.

224 These linkers possess extended conjugation along one molecular

225 ion was improved through the use of a unique linker, producing a biosensor with exceptional reproduci

226 of the microtubule organizing center (MTOC) linker protein, C-NAP1, and the failure to recruit MTOC

227 s the number, length, and flexibility of the linker proteins that mediate contact between the carrier

228 alent ions are suppressed, and cells rely on linker proteins to connect the plasma membrane to the ac

229 We review the different types of linkers published and discuss how these linkers are desi

230 the brain, CaMKII-alpha, with a ~30 residue linker, readily acquires activating autophosphorylation,

231 % N',N'-methylenebisacrylamide as the cross-linker reduced the overall swelling by 92% from 407 to 3

232 onformational variability of residues in the linker region and of dimer and trimer interfaces.

233 whereas occasional kinks in the proline-rich linker region cause an overall bend in the PRD structure

234 ved, indicating hinge bending motions at the linker region connecting the head to the transmembrane h

235 The h1-h2 linker region is predicted to form an unexpected beta-ha

236 cts with a separate less-conserved polybasic linker region of the protein.

237 NSD3 to mononucleosomes causes DNA near the linker region to unwrap, which facilitates insertion of

238 otif disengaged from its Habc domain and its linker region unfolded.

239 A SNAP25 mutant in which the mini-linker region was substituted with a flexible glycine-se

240 ins in pyrin include a pyrin domain (PYD), a linker region, and a B30.2 domain.

241 ase domain, a regulatory segment, a variable linker region, and a hub domain, which is responsible fo

242 embrane SNARE complex proteins via a central linker region, and contains tandem C-terminal C2 domains

243 in the hexamer central pore, and the NTD-CTD linker region, are well defined.

244 We address questions such as: Where did the linker regions come from?

245 ng the flavivirus internal NS3 cleavage site linker reported the highest fluorescence activation in s

246 for targeted nanoparticles with EG8 and EG18 linker, respectively, while their accumulation levels at

247 e repeat 1 (TPR1) domain and the interdomain linker, respectively.

248 rbonyl (Benzyl) and ethyloxycarbonyl (Alkyl) linkers, respectively.

249 structural changes in the axial coordinating linkers result in dramatic changes in the transport prop

250 gh a long, water-soluble polyethylene glycol linker (RhoVR-Halo).

251 als, are in excellent agreement, correlating linker rotation with modulation of emission.

252 te, the hand-like C-terminus of the VSD-pore linker (S4-S5L) interacts with the pore in the same subu

253 rprising sensitivity of BK activation to the linker sequence.

254 e helper hairpin, the recipient hairpin, the linker-sequence, and the RNA polymerase that transcribes

255 facilitate a high degree of control over the linker sequences between these motifs.

256 e framework metals lead to variations in the linker stacking geometries and optical properties.

257 By applying modifications to the linker structure, insight into the structure-activity re

258 nship between the MOF thermodynamics and the linker structure, suggesting a route to design and tune

259 to the readily accessible properties of the linker substituent, such as the Hammett sigma-constant o

260 previous studies have shown that actin cross-linkers such as alpha-actinin-4 exhibit mechanosensitive

261 domain to either cutinase or SnapTag, with a linker terminated in an irreversible inhibitor for each

262 depend on the length and flexibility of the linker that connects both domains of a GCSF-based ligand

263 nsional COFs based on a (diarylamino)benzene linker that form a Kagome (kgm) lattice and show strong

264 ains of each monomer are separated by a long linker that interacts with the preceding ZPC and followi

265 sic residues in alpha5 and the alpha5-alpha6 linker that likely mediate conformational rearrangements

266 Removal of an auto-inhibitory linker that occludes the active site of the enzyme is re

267 dy drug conjugates (ADCs) containing peptide linkers that are enzymatically cleavable, such as MC-Val

268 tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) with degradable linkers that can be designed to control release rates.

269 eaction-history-dependent manner by creating linkers that can ultimately perform logical operations a

270 ase targeting ligand through a well-designed linker, the first molecule to successfully inhibit PTP a

271 This approach makes use of a reactive linker to form cyclic peptides on the phage surface whil

272 rboxylate ligand with a 2, 4, 6, or 8 carbon linker to saturate ligand coordination to the Gd(III) io

273 f a macrocyclic PROTAC by adding a cyclizing linker to the BET degrader MZ1.

274 wever, the introduction of streptavidin as a linker to the capture nanobody at the same working conce

275 ion to polymers, phosphonic acids, and other linkers to achieve surface adsorption, liposomal formula

276 Reduction of these imine linkers to amines yields the more flexible cage Co-rPB-1

277 , which were joined together using molecular linkers to create a multivalent recombinant protein agai

278 we report a controlled photolytic removal of linkers to create mesopores within microporous MOFs at t

279 s of sulfoxide-containing MS-cleavable cross-linkers to facilitate the detection and identification o

280 ed by three mass spectometry-cleavable cross-linkers to generate highly reliable cross-link data.

281 n important role of intrinsically disordered linkers to modulate RNA interactions of multidomain RBPs

282 Our study identifies that the linker type and the number of redox probes within the ca

283 n the Calpha side chain through the triazole linker was achieved by solid phase synthesis with the gl

284 cell-penetrating peptide that contained this linker was efficiently captured and identified after upt

285 The dimeric state of the linker was relieved during fumarate activation of DcuS,

286 Our latent thioester solid-phase linker was synthesized in 92% yield (three steps).

287 5,8)picenophanediene 8 with two cis-ethylene linkers was explored using X-ray crystallography.

288 units connected by functionalized binaphthol linkers was synthesized, characterized, and irradiated t

289 f a previously disclosed cyclic carbamate P1 linker which provided improved oral bioavailability in t

290 the priming stroke of the motion-generating linker, which connects the dimerizing tail of the motor

291 on (CRBN) E3 ligase ligands and a variety of linkers, which resulted in two novel, improved VHL-recru

292 n be significantly improved by enriching the linker with functional amino acids.

293 -dicarboxylic acid (DTTDC), an electron-rich linker with hole transport ability.

294 ave a combination of piperazine or hydrazine linker with or without a xylene bridge.

295 isplacements within MOFs, we first developed linkers with low electronic symmetry (as defined by larg

296 uired to fully realize the true potential of linkers with low electronic symmetry.

297 t of sulfoxide-containing MS-cleavable cross-linkers with new functionalities.

298 dization of single-stranded overhangs on the linkers with the loops.

299 iO(x) clusters and 2-aminoterephthalic acid (linkers), with active copper centers.

300 some-selective inhibitor via light-cleavable linkers, yielding peptide epoxyketone-doxorubicin prodru