ライフサイエンスコーパス: lobula

1 ir dendrites in a defined dorsal part of the lobula.

2 s to palisades of small-field neurons in the lobula.

3 e medulla with both the lobula plate and the lobula.

4 arated from color-processing pathways to the lobula.

5 from columnar neurons of the medulla and the lobula.

6 multiple sources, including the optic lobe's lobula.

7 at their terminals in the third neuropil, or lobula.

8 roximately 16 R7 signals for transfer to the lobula, a higher visual center.

9 05 morphologically identified neurons in the lobula, a major visual processing structure of bumblebee

10 ll types, and lack strong connections to the lobula, a neuropil involved in color processing.

11 tation-selective neurons at the level of the lobula and lateral protocerebrum and with respect to the

12 that have restricted dendritic fields in the lobula and lobula plate of the optic lobes.

13 medulla, to direction-selective cells in the lobula and lobula plate.

14 ich segregate to, but are not shared by, the lobula and the lobula plate.

15 lls, each of which has dendrites in both the lobula and the lobula plate.

16 1 dendrites innervate multiple layers of the lobula, and each dendrite spans enough columns to sample

17 ent types of neurons of the lamina, medulla, lobula, and lobula plate.

18 c fields in the optic lobes, the medulla and lobula, and the organization of their terminals in the c

19 tions received from the medulla and from the lobula, and the presence of large tangential neurons exi

20 ransmedullary neurons at T5 dendrites in the lobula, and the presence there of local GABA-immunoreact

21 ndritic processes of the LGMD1 and -2 in the lobula are localised to discrete regions, allowing the d

22 c targets of the chromatic Tm neurons in the lobula are not known, however.

23 ypothesize that the anatomical layers of the lobula are the structural basis for the segregation of v

24 ewly identified recurrent neuron linking the lobula back to the inner medulla demonstrate that the lo

25 side, while input neurons arriving from the lobula branch only in one.

26 ell having a clearly defined terminal in the lobula, but having dendrite-like processes in the medull

27 Here we characterize lobula columnar (LC) cells, a class of Drosophila VPNs t

28 In Drosophila, the lobula columnar (LC) neuron types project from the optic

29 gated 19 types of putative feature selective lobula columnar (LC) neurons in the optic lobe of the fr

30 Y (TmY), Y, lobula-complex intrinsic (Lccn), lobula columnar (Lcn), lobula plate intrinsic (Lpi), and

31 population of visual projection neurons-the lobula columnar 16 (LC16) cells-that respond to looming

32 ecialized object detector in Drosophila, the lobula columnar neuron LC11 [4].

33 Lobula columnar neurons-LCNs are visual output neurons t

34 e attributed velocity encoding to input from lobula columnar type 4 (LC4) visual projection neurons,

35 Here, we show that lobula plate/lobula columnar, type 2 (LPLC2) visual projection neuron

36 ctive looming detecting neuron, lobula plate/lobula columnar, type II (LPLC2) in Drosophila, and show

37 bodera basalis, with particular focus on the lobula complex (LOX).

38 These neurons arborize in the lobula complex and in a previously undescribed small neu

39 Each of these lobula complex cells represents a morphologically identi

40 in the lobula complex, we called these cells lobula complex directional cells (LCDCs).

41 Dye fills demonstrate that lobula complex neurons supplying glomeruli do not genera

42 the lobula, there is an additional class of lobula complex output neurons.

43 al types of columnar output neurons from the lobula complex sort out to specific glomeruli.

44 Five or six 5-HTi neurones connect the lobula complex with the medulla, and at least 50 5-HTi n

45 d tangential neuron that is intrinsic to the lobula complex, and representatives of the Tm- and Y-cel

46 processes from the protocerebrum supply the lobula complex, and two large 5-HTi processes from the p

47 retinotopic map in both the medulla and the lobula complex, generating four overlapping topographic

48 The lobula plate is part of the lobula complex, the third optic neuropil, in the optic l

49 Because of their arborization in the lobula complex, we called these cells lobula complex dir

50 ls that may converge in both the medulla and lobula complex.

51 cerebrum, the mushroom body calyces, and the lobula complex.

52 ors to large motion-sensitive neurons in the lobula complex.

53 nsmedullary (Tm), transmedullary Y (TmY), Y, lobula-complex intrinsic (Lccn), lobula columnar (Lcn),

54 A second class of outputs from the lobula comprises wide-field neurons, the dendrites of wh

55 e from the medulla in a special layer of the lobula containing the dendrites of directionally selecti

56 , resulting in cell mixing across the lamina/lobula cortex boundary.

57 a glia, while the distal cell neurons in the lobula cortex express all three Drosophila Robos.

58 invasion of Robo-expressing neurons from the lobula cortex.

59 t cellular composition of the lamina and the lobula cortex.

60 ck to the inner medulla demonstrate that the lobula discriminates nondirectional edge motion from fli

61 ted by T3 cells, which provide inputs to the lobula, drives bar tracking body saccades.

62 highlights how spatiotemporal coding in the lobula efficiently compresses visual features, offering

63 ng revealed that neuropil regions within the lobula exhibited strong responses to objects, such as a

64 we identify substantial projections into the lobula, extending the known motion pathways and suggesti

65 The lobula giant motion detector (LGMD) in the locust visual

66 The lobula giant motion detector (LGMD) is a wide-field bila

67 In a locust neuron called the lobula giant motion detector (LGMD), the biophysical bas

68 The Lobula Giant Movement Detector (LGMD) is a higher-order

69 The lobula giant movement detector (LGMD) is such a visual n

70 The lobula giant movement detector (LGMD) neuron in the locu

71 The lobula giant movement detector (LGMD) responds preferent

72 The lobula giant movement detector (LGMD1 and -2) neurons in

73 In locusts, two lobula giant movement detector neurons (LGMDs) act as lo

74 We investigated an identified neuron (the lobula giant movement detector, LGMD, of locusts) whose

75 project to the midbrain, the monostratified lobula giants type 1 (MLG1), form a system of 16 retinot

76 ual projection neurons LT11 and LC14 and the lobula intrinsic neurons Li3 and Li4 as synaptic targets

77 However, in certain insects, the lobula is accompanied by a tectum-like fourth neuropil,

78 room body also receives projections from the lobula, it is entirely distinct from the reniform body,

79 ndritic inputs confined to one or two of six lobula layers.

80 ptic lobe neuropils-the lamina, medulla, and lobula-linked by chiasmata has been used to support argu

81 of retinotopic lobula plate-lobula (LPL) and lobula-lobula plate (LLP) cells, each of which has dendr

82 roup is composed of retinotopic lobula plate-lobula (LPL) and lobula-lobula plate (LLP) cells, each o

83 Lobula neurons are more prominent in the basal ring, whe

84 Lobula neurons exhibit physiological characteristics com

85 Lobula neurons, crucial for visual integration, self-org

86 c Tm neurons and 28 known and novel types of lobula neurons, we identify anatomically the visual proj

87 most layer of the collar receives input from lobula neurons.

88 Approximately 20% of the lobula neuropil we imaged were modulated when CO(2) prec

89 L. maderae, including the central body, the lobula of the optic lobe, and the tritocerebrum.

90 the fine dendrites of the LGMD in the distal lobula, often in large numbers and completely covering t

91 s, we hypothesized that the circuitry of the lobula--one of the four, primary neuropiles of the fly o

92 primitives are unreliably encoded by single lobula output neurons because of high synaptic noise, th

93 This evidence demonstrates that lobula outputs provide a diverse basis set encoding visu

94 cells that connect the medulla with both the lobula plate and the lobula.

95 In the fly lobula plate and the vertebrate visual cortex the output

96 reflect the general structure of the insect lobula plate and, hence, provide support to the notion o

97 y paired odor, and presynaptic inputs to the lobula plate are required for behavioral odor tracking b

98 achromatic, motion-sensitive pathways to the lobula plate are separated from color-processing pathway

99 e to the brain, many output neurons from the lobula plate are separated physically from their counter

100 aphan flies, giant tangential neurons in the lobula plate are supplied by isomorphic arrays of evolut

101 ngential horizontal system (HS) cells of the lobula plate have been prime candidates for long.

102 divisions of the retinotopic pathways to the lobula plate have been suggested from anatomical observa

103 ions and the retinotopic organization of the lobula plate in a crustacean, the crab Neohelice granula

104 The identification of a lobula plate in an isopod crustacean raises the question

105 The lobula plate in the optic lobe of the fly brain is a hig

106 lex intrinsic (Lccn), lobula columnar (Lcn), lobula plate intrinsic (Lpi), and lobula tangential (Lt)

107 The lobula plate is part of the lobula complex, the third op

108 The lobula plate itself is supplied by two major parallel re

109 Within the lobula plate lie a small number of giant neurons that ar

110 In dipteran insects, the lobula plate neuropil provides a major efferent supply t

111 rustacean raises the question of whether the lobula plate of insects and isopods evolved convergently

112 n, three of the Odd neurons project into the lobula plate of the optic lobe, and two of these cells e

113 estricted dendritic fields in the lobula and lobula plate of the optic lobes.

114 The lobula plate of this crab is a small elongated neuropil.

115 variety of direction-selective cells in the lobula plate shows no evidence of dynamics that match th

116 e that is also present in calcium signals of lobula plate tangential cell dendrites but not predicted

117 late to the medulla; and a new heterolateral lobula plate tangential cell that collates directional,

118 bio-plausible STMDs and optic flow-sensitive Lobula Plate Tangential Cells (LPTCs) in different ways

119 lls do not resemble any previously described lobula plate tangential cells (LPTCs) in Drosophila.

120 ellular calcium activity in motion-sensitive lobula plate tangential cells (LPTCs) in head-fixed Dros

121 Algorithms were tested on lobula plate tangential cells (LPTCs) in the brain of Dr

122 on-processing pathway, the horizontal-system lobula plate tangential cells (LPTCs) in the fly optic l

123 We studied this problem in the so-called lobula plate tangential cells (LPTCs) of the fly.

124 on a set of motion-sensitive neurons called lobula plate tangential cells (LPTCs).

125 nputs of well described optic flow-sensitive lobula plate tangential cells (LPTCs).

126 the dendrites of wide-field motion-sensitive lobula plate tangential cells by antagonistic transmitte

127 irst demonstrate electrophysiologically that lobula plate tangential cells can be activated and deact

128 A subset of lobula plate tangential cells, CH cells, show involvemen

129 we describe a novel neuron class in the fly lobula plate that clearly does not derive its input from

130 de-field motion-selective interneuron of the lobula plate that shares anatomical and physiological si

131 ion-vision-sensitive neurons in the hoverfly lobula plate to quantify responses to stimuli containing

132 d, directionally selective feedback from the lobula plate to the medulla; and a new heterolateral lob

133 We report that lobula plate VS neurons combine inputs from two optical

134 Recently, a lobula plate was also found in malacostracan crustaceans

135 the fly's visual course control center, the lobula plate, 10 so-called vertical system (VS) cells ar

136 Motion-sensitive neurons in the lobula plate, a part of the visual brain, of the fly hav

137 In the Drosophila lobula plate, axons of the four subtypes of T4 and T5 vi

138 panied by a tectum-like fourth neuropil, the lobula plate, characterized by wide-field tangential neu

139 processes in the medulla and, possibly, the lobula plate, discriminates the direction of motion and

140 identified T4/T5's synaptic partners in the lobula plate, revealing a diverse set of new cell types

141 The number of layers in the crab's lobula plate, the retinotopic connections received from

142 in one of the four retinotopic layers in the lobula plate, where each layer encodes one of the four d

143 s called T4 and T5 form a spatial map in the lobula plate, where they each terminate in one of four r

144 provide inputs to large-field neurons in the lobula plate, which control optomotor gaze stabilization

145 We demonstrate novel features of the lobula plate, which previously has been known as a motio

146 This group is composed of retinotopic lobula plate-lobula (LPL) and lobula-lobula plate (LLP)

147 g wide-field motion-selective neurons in the lobula plate.

148 o, but are not shared by, the lobula and the lobula plate.

149 ree neurons fanning their dendrites over the lobula plate.

150 ulla and giant fibers are discernible in the lobula plate.

151 lateral connections between LPTCs within one lobula plate.

152 ich has dendrites in both the lobula and the lobula plate.

153 of giant tangential cell architecture in the lobula plate.

154 tion-specific motion-sensitive levels in the lobula plate.

155 retina to motion-sensitive neuropils of the lobula plate.

156 turning direction emerges downstream of the lobula plate.

157 direction-selective cells in the lobula and lobula plate.

158 neurons of the lamina, medulla, lobula, and lobula plate.

159 gnals of motion-sensitive neurons in the fly lobula plate.

160 e motion-sensitive tangential neurons of the lobula plate.

161 tionally selective wide-field neurons in the lobula plate.

162 Here, we show that lobula plate/lobula columnar, type 2 (LPLC2) visual proj

163 an ultra-selective looming detecting neuron, lobula plate/lobula columnar, type II (LPLC2) in Drosoph

164 For example, the lobula plates of robber flies, typified by ballistic fli

165 e results demonstrate unambiguously that the lobula receives information about motion and that the ch

166 nar (Lcn), lobula plate intrinsic (Lpi), and lobula tangential (Lt) cell types.

167 up of motion-sensitive neurons that we named lobula tangential cells (LTCs).

168 ss of motion-sensitive neurons of the crab's lobula that project to the midbrain, the monostratified

169 e onto assemblies of columnar neurons in the lobula, the axons of which segregate to project to discr

170 ed physically from their counterparts in the lobula, there is an additional class of lobula complex o

171 rmation encoded in cells projecting from the lobula to discrete optic glomeruli in the central brain

172 the mushroom bodies, here referred to as the lobula tract.

173 roject axons to a deeper optic neuropil, the lobula, which in insects has been implicated in processi

174 Neurons connecting the lobula with the mushroom bodies have their dendrites in