ライフサイエンスコーパス: locust

1 al sky compass in the central complex of the locust.

2 identify molecules linked to diapause in the locust.

3 cture and a major molecular component in the locust.

4 hem highly homologous to those of the desert locust.

5 ided by the principal receptor in a leg of a locust.

6 y in an identified visual interneuron of the locust.

7 s approaching on a collision course with the locust.

8 ile swarming insect pests such as the desert locust.

9 s of second-order ocellar "L-neurons" of the locust.

10 he cockroach and comparison with that in the locust.

11 rent orcokinin-A type peptides in the desert locust.

12 pecies, the Madeira cockroach and the desert locust.

13 one neuropil not present in the cockroach or locust.

14 pulsive behavior in behavioral plasticity in locusts.

15 Low temperature induces diapause in locusts.

16 of butterflies, large moths, dragonflies and locusts.

17 ng of the molecular basis of phase change in locusts.

18 have a critical role in phase transition in locusts.

19 ophylaxical disease resistance of gregarious locusts.

20 tioned aversion more quickly than gregarious locusts.

21 r the evolution of behavioural plasticity in locusts.

22 pendent behavioural phase-change in juvenile locusts.

23 altered the behavior of long-term gregarious locusts.

24 formation and greater activity in gregarious locusts.

25 ects, such as conspecifics, than solitarious locusts.

26 e by Kenyon cells onto downstream targets in locusts.

27 e half the amplitude of those in solitarious locusts.

28 surveillance of large insects such as desert locusts.

29 higher frequency of MMM among infected male locusts.

30 both non-swarming grasshoppers and swarming locusts.

31 h crowd-reared and uncrowded solitary-reared locusts.

32 h regulates ovulation rate in Drosophila and locusts [7, 14-20]; serotonin, which regulates muscle co

33 circuits for vision in the larger brain of a locust, a phylogenetically old, flying insect, we adapte

34 variability in auditory receptor neurons of locusts, a classic insect model system.

35 Plant N content was lowest and locust abundance highest in heavily livestock-grazed fie

36 Solitarious locusts acquire key behavioral characters of the swarmin

37 d important for stimulus identification, but locusts actively increase intermittency, possibly to imp

38 Both mortality and invasion of the brain in locusts after injection of E. coli K1 require at least t

39 te collectively, as observed not only in the locust AL, but also in the vertebrate olfactory bulb.

40 We counted the number of locusts alive over the course of 2 weeks and showed that

41 Locusts also compensated for the loss of inputs to one e

42 ith electrophysiological recordings from the locust and a large-scale biophysical model, we analyzed

43 apricot chips after 5 days (Syrah) or black locust and apricot after 5 days (Cabernet).

44 oak, chestnut, cherry, white mulberry, black locust and apricot where used.

45 uniper, common walnut, white mulberry, black locust and apricot).

46 gh a neural mechanism like that described in locust and Drosophila.

47 isease of acridids and an important agent in locust and grasshopper biocontrol.

48 te-noise" odor stimuli to the antenna of the locust and recorded spike trains from antennal lobe proj

49 2 strain HB101 has very low pathogenicity to locusts and does not invade the locust brain, whereas th

50 Locusts and grasshoppers (acridids) are among the worst

51 es in the molecular basis of phase change in locusts and present some challenges that need to be addr

52 Recent observations of locusts and starlings have shown that this directional s

53 zing factor 1 have reduced abilities to kill locusts and to invade the locust brain compared to the p

54 assumption in analyzing experimental data on locusts and use a similar systematic Fokker-Planck equat

55 ery that serotonin mediates gregarization in locusts and with findings in vertebrates that similarly

56 utionary transition between grasshoppers and locusts - and vice versa.

57 e video of wild black kites attacking flying locusts, and estimate kite attack speeds of 10.8+/-1.4 m

58 re frequent among infected than healthy male locusts, and propose that this may be explained by termi

59 Transient pairwise synchronization of locust antennal lobe (AL) projection neurons (PNs) occur

60 Locust antennal lobe (AL) projection neurons (PNs) respo

61 Recordings in the locust antennal lobe (AL) reveal activity-dependent, sti

62 Projection neurons (PNs) in the locust antennal lobe exhibit odor-specific dynamic respo

63 ions are performed with the responses of 168 locust antennal lobe projection neurons (PNs) to varying

64 Odors evoke complex responses in locust antennal lobe projection neurons (PNs)-the mitral

65 ata and the model, revealing that individual locusts appear to increase the randomness of their movem

66 In both these models, locust are either stationary (and feeding) or moving.

67 Here, we show that locusts are biased in the forelimb they use to reach acr

68 Remarkably, when solitarious locusts are crowded and then reconditioned with the odor

69 Locusts are grasshoppers that can form dense migrating s

70 Apart from being notorious outbreak pests, locusts are of interest because of their expression of d

71 Locusts are significant agricultural pests.

72 se polyphenism may have initially evolved in locusts as a behavioural strategy to reduce the connecti

73 e that the loom of a kite's thorax towards a locust at these speeds should be characterised by a rela

74 lar tracer molecules were delivered into the locust auditory nerve without destroying its function, s

75 phase-dependent odor preference: solitarious locusts avoid an odor associated with hyoscyamine, where

76 olatiles during crowding, whereas gregarious locusts avoided their volatiles during isolation.

77 the first time in dairy, cereal, cassava and locust bean fermentations.

78 an (66.09% w/v), copra meal (38.99% w/v) and locust bean galactomannan (20.94% w/v).

79 ted, B. ovatus was no longer able to grow on locust bean galactomannan.

80 selective quantification of xanthan gum and locust bean gum (LBG) in gelled food concentrates is pre

81 The effects of xanthan gum (XG)-locust bean gum (LBG) mixtures (0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2 and

82 protein isolate (WPI) and 0.1% xanthan (XG)-locust bean gum (LBG) mixtures was investigated.

83 r mannooligosaccharide (MOS) generation from locust bean gum (LBG) up to 10 cycles, yielding an avera

84 ffect of adding different thickening agents (locust bean gum (LBG), modified corn and rice starches (

85 /100 ml), monoacylglycerol (0-0.4 g/100 ml), locust bean gum (LBG; 0-0.1 g/100 ml), and carrageenan (

86 The screening revealed that locust bean gum and guar gum have the highest affinity f

87 Locust bean gum showed the greatest phase separation, fo

88 ed with cells grown in lactose, mannose, and locust bean gum, and very little or no expression of cbp

89 t biopolymers were tested against Fe(2)O(3): locust bean gum, guar gum, gellan gum, xanthan gum, and

90 identified in gum arabic whereas cherry and locust bean gums showed respectively PentxHexy and Hexn

91 ts (guar, xanthan, carboxy methyl cellulose, locust bean gums, potato fiber, milk, potato and soy pro

92 actobacillus were the dominant genera in the locust bean sample.

93 Xanthan, locust bean, guar and carboxy methyl cellulose significa

94 profiles of gums such as arabic, cherry and locust-bean gums were successfully identified.

95 cereals, milk, cassava, honey, palm sap, and locust beans) under different conditions (household, sma

96 abilities to kill locusts and to invade the locust brain compared to the parent E. coli K1.

97 mary commissure pioneer (PNP) neurons of the locust brain that pioneer the first commissure in the br

98 ogenicity to locusts and does not invade the locust brain, whereas the injection of 2 x 10(6) E. coli

99 Eurasian grassland promote outbreaks of this locust by reducing plant protein content.

100 Locusts can also impose odor intermittency through activ

101 We illustrate that the circuit found in locusts can also operate as a ring attractor but differe

102 It is shown here for the first time that locusts can be used as a model to study Escherichia coli

103 Solitary locusts can transform their preference for gregarious vo

104 activation of OARalpha signaling in solitary locusts caused the behavioral shift from repulsion to at

105 Many neurons in the locust CC, including columnar and tangential neurons, we

106 all orcokinin-immunoreactive neurons in the locust central complex and associated brain areas.

107 s into the neurochemical organization of the locust central complex and suggest that orcokinin-peptid

108 odulators in distinct sets of neurons of the locust central complex with TBH likely being the rate-li

109 ther for robust head direction coding in the locust central complex.

110 pauses become longer, the probability that a locust changes direction from its previous direction of

111 additional recurrent connections render the locust circuit more tolerant to noise.

112 actory preference of gregarious and solitary locusts co-injected by these two monoamines displayed th

113 studies in this field have been performed in locusts, cockroaches, crickets, and stick insects, the e

114 In contrast to locusts, colocalization of SIFamide and histamine immuno

115 tor alpha (OARalpha) signaling in gregarious locusts controlled attraction-response, whereas in solit

116 ied in other orthopteroid taxa (cockroaches, locusts, crickets, tettigoniids).

117 Gregarious locust DCMDs produced more action potentials and had hig

118 l differential equation model that describes locust density.

119 optera: Acrididae including grasshoppers and locust devastate crops and eco-systems around the globe.

120 ociated with hyoscyamine, whereas gregarious locusts do not.

121 Here, we used the experimentally-accessible locust ear (male, Schistocerca gregaria) to characterize

122 veal that cannibalism, a striking feature of locust ecology, could lead to the evolution of density-d

123 Locusts exhibit two interconvertible behavioral phases,

124 among individuals, as did the forelimb, some locusts favouring their right forelimb more often, other

125 In contrast, sensory feedback during locust flight or to multiple cortical areas just prior t

126 We focus on the Australian plague locust, for which excellent field and experimental data

127 In contrast, the locusts' forelimb movements immediately prior to reachin

128 holinergic synaptic transmission between the locust forewing stretch receptor neuron (fSR) and the fi

129 Mormon crickets and juvenile locusts form huge migratory bands--millions of individua

130 ent similar to the axial selectivity seen in locust ganglion cells which detect looming stimuli.

131 The black locust gene (RpALN) was differentially regulated in coty

132 However, NADPHd in locust glial and perineurial cells was histochemically d

133 itarious individuals are repelled from other locusts, gregarious insects are attracted to conspecific

134 for the empirically observed persistence of locust groups during outbreaks.

135 h hyoscyamine, a plant alkaloid found in the locusts' habitat [5, 6], elicits a phase-dependent odor

136 The neurons in the antennal lobe of the locust had been shown to encode the identity of odorants

137 ole crickets, katydids, green lacewings, and locusts have anti-bat strategies, and we have just scrat

138 Electrophysiological investigations in locusts have revealed that the sparseness of odor repres

139 oduction of a well-studied model system: the locust hind leg tibial extensor muscle.

140 enylethanol was more abundant in BWF-H black locust honey).

141 ential to the formation, shape, and speed of locust hopper bands in our models.

142 To understand the formation of marching locust hopper bands, we study phase change at the collec

143 explain the density distribution observed in locust hopper bands.

144 se as trout, tunas, oysters, squid, turtles, locusts, hummingbirds, seals, and humans revealed the ad

145 the movement behaviour of individual desert locusts in a homogenous experimental arena with minimal

146 Notably, recognition performance of locusts in behavioral assays correlated well with our ph

147 Exploiting the alignment of locusts in hopper bands, we concentrate solely on the de

148 nstability in motion at densities typical of locusts in the field, in which groups can switch directi

149 In desert locusts, increased population densities drive phenotypic

150 ed earlier in gregarious than in solitarious locusts, indicating a differential tuning.

151 show that it would be highly detrimental for locust individuals to continue indefinitely in a dispers

152 mmons reports that postsynaptic responses of locust interneuron synpapses are determined by the rate

153 LOCUST is a custom sequence locus typer tool for classif

154 The desert locust is an agricultural pest that is able to switch fr

155 Phase change in locusts is an ideal model for studying the genetic archi

156 ver, enhanced pathogen resistance in crowded locusts is associated with elevated antimicrobial activi

157 In the locust, it was proposed that a subset of lateral horn in

158 Locust lamina monopolar cells, L1 and L2, were the main

159 are closely related to locusts often express locust-like plastic reaction norms.

160 chrome P450 gene LmCYP4G102 in the migratory locust Locusta migratoria.

161 Interestingly, locusts (Locusta migratoria) can reversibly transit thei

162 Olfactory afferents of adult locusts (Locusta migratoria) were axotomized by crushing

163 f the cockroach, Leucophaea maderae, and the locust, Locusta migratoria.

164 ng (MMM) behaviour in female-deprived desert locust males infected with the entomopathogenic fungus M

165 coprotein-dependent detoxification by desert locust Malpighian tubules.

166 ng us to establish the intrinsic dynamics of locust marching bands.

167 ascending intersegmental interneurons in the locust metathoracic ganglion that are points of converge

168 We speculate that locust mortality increased as a result of synergism via

169 Locust motion is intermittent and we reveal that as paus

170 r qualitatively reproduces recently reported locust movement data.

171 While Levy features do exist, locusts' movement patterns are more fully described by c

172 In contrast to Drosophila, locust mushroom bodies and antennal lobes expressed Fas

173 ly described tubular compartmentalization of locust mushroom bodies.

174 lyses of Sema 1a and Fas I expression during locust mushroom body formation.

175 l role in structuring olfactory codes in the locust mushroom body.

176 g neuronal responses to celestial cues helps locust navigation, demonstrating a common principle of s

177 and histochemical analysis of cockroach and locust nervous systems indicated that neuronal NADPHd af

178 In a locust neuron called the lobula giant motion detector (L

179 FICANCE STATEMENT In the brain of the desert locust, neurons sensitive to the plane of celestial pola

180 ment itself the motion of groups of 5 to 100 locust nymphs was investigated in a homogeneous laborato

181 ity for the onset of coordinated marching in locust nymphs.

182 Recent discoveries show how locusts obtain unambiguous information from time-depende

183 In the absence of conspecifics, locusts occur in a shy and cryptic solitarious phase.

184 Second-order neurons L1-3 of the locust ocellar pathway make inhibitory synapses with eac

185 rs in five species (guinea pig, rat, monkey, locust, octopus), we found the following: (1) thin axons

186 These results suggested that, as in locusts, odors may elicit the oscillatory synchronizatio

187 viability of Oedaleus asiaticus, a dominant locust of north Asian grasslands.

188 swarming species that are closely related to locusts often express locust-like plastic reaction norms

189 Recent studies of locust olfaction found that the responses of individual

190 In conclusion, axonal regeneration in the locust olfactory system appears to be possible, precise,

191 A recent analysis of the locust olfactory system has revealed a surprising circui

192 A recent study in the locust olfactory system shows how neuromodulators can al

193 Using the locust olfactory system, we isolated two main causes of

194 circuit dynamics we here use a model of the locust olfactory system.

195 onships across populations of neurons in the locust olfactory system.

196 investigated this potential confound in the locust olfactory system.

197 irst and second relays, respectively, of the locust olfactory system.

198 ipulations we directly test this idea in the locust olfactory system.

199 h and moderate) and a control, then we caged locusts on these plants for 2 weeks.

200 ltilayer plantation forest composed of black locust, one of the most popular tree species for plantat

201 m several other species, our recordings from locust ORNs showed a great diversity of temporal structu

202 We show that a locust ortholog of the Drosophila protein Bruchpilot is

203 plant p:c has negative effects on Senegalese locust (Orthoptera: Oedaeleus senegalensis) reproduction

204 tonin, which regulates muscle contraction in locust oviducts [21]; and the FMRF amide dromyosuppressi

205 Over a four-week period, infected locusts performed more MMM behaviours than healthy contr

206 ty-dependent phenotypic plasticity, known as locust phase polyphenism.

207 erstanding the development and biocontrol of locust plagues.

208 Locusts possess an identified neuron highly sensitive to

209 Locusts possess an identified neuron, the descending con

210 Locusts possess uniquely identifiable visual neurons (th

211 Finally, we showed that female locusts prefer unfertilized plants to plants with a high

212 This locust preferred plants with low N content and artificia

213 Unexpectedly, 40% of all locust R cell synapses onto both L1 and L2 were tetrads,

214 Here we show that, as predicted, desert locusts reared under crowded conditions are significantl

215 Consistent with this interpretation, locusts reliably recognized both solitary and sequential

216 rs underlying attraction and repulsion among locusts remains unknown.

217 The flight motor system of the locust represents a model preparation for the investigat

218 DCMD-FETi system so that swarming gregarious locusts respond earlier to small moving objects, such as

219 Enhancement of TAR signaling in gregarious locusts resulted in the behavioral shift from attraction

220 Electrophysiological recordings in locusts reveal that they respond to mechanosensory touch

221 hose of other species, especially the desert locust, revealed a surprising degree of conservation.

222 sion profiles across the trunk wood of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) trees.

223 ia allantoinase), from Arabidopsis and black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia).

224 M, significantly increased with the mounting locust's proximity to death.

225 We find that the desert locust, S. gregaria, which is the only Old World represe

226 tector (LGMD) is such a visual neuron in the locust Schistocerca americana that responds selectively

227 n also occurs in an invertebrate, the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria (Orthoptera: Acrididae).

228 ectrometry, a SIFamide peptide in the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria and studied its distributio

229 orded intracellularly from CC neurons in the locust Schistocerca gregaria during visual stimulation v

230 tterning in the embryo of the African plague locust Schistocerca gregaria, an orthopteran insect that

231 f tangential neurons of the CX of the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria.

232 lex has been studied in detail in the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria.

233 Here we examined this issue in the locust (Schistocerca americana) olfactory system.

234 set and offset responses observed in vivo in locusts (Schistocerca americana) of either sex.

235 ission in olfactory neurons in intact, awake locusts (Schistocerca americana) while pharmacologically

236 Desert locusts (Schistocerca gregaria) show a dramatic form of

237 n the lateral dorsal deutocerebrum of desert locusts (Schistocerca gregaria) with descending axons to

238 endent phase polyphenism, such as the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria.

239 Migrating desert locusts, Schistocerca gregaria, are able to use the skyl

240 Desert locusts, Schistocerca gregaria, show extreme phenotypic

241 Thus, locusts show handedness during targeted forelimb placeme

242 e find that crowd-reared and solitary-reared locusts show markedly different neural MS-AFLP fingerpri

243 itive associative learning, with solitarious locusts showing a conditioned aversion more quickly than

244 ltiple hosts (strain 820) and seven from the locust specialist M. anisopliae sf. acridum (strain 324)

245 the dendritic tree of the LGMD, across three locust species.

246 ctional catalase-peroxidase, MakatG1, in the locust-specific fungal pathogen, Metarhizium acridum, fu

247 ta migratoria manilensis to infection by the locust-specific fungal pathogen, Metarhizium acridum.

248 During outbreaks, locust swarms can contain millions of insects travelling

249 itch in behavior that seeds the formation of locust swarms is individuals regularly touching others o

250 wild, such as bird flocks, fish shoals, and locust swarms.

251 ral honeys types (asphodel, buckwheat, black locust, sweet chestnut, citrus, eucalyptus, Garland thor

252 and related escape behavior in the tractable locust system.

253 to OA receptor, 59% and 58% to the migratory locust TA-1 and -2 receptors respectively, and 57% with

254 High-speed video analysis showed that locusts targeted their front legs to specific rungs in t

255 mantis LOX is more similar to the LOX of the locust than the more closely related cockroach suggestin

256 or of Schistocerca must have been a swarming locust that crossed the Atlantic Ocean from Africa to Am

257 fied common inhibitory motor neuron (CI1) in locusts that performed natural aimed scratching movement

258 In the laboratory, we gave locusts the choice between untreated millet leaves and l

259 In desert locusts the neurochemical organization of the central co

260 In desert locusts, the angle of polarized light in the zenith abov

261 In desert locusts, the CX holds a topographic, compass-like repres

262 Among infected locusts, the probability of MMM, and the duration of tim

263 In locusts, the synapses between the intrinsic mushroom bod

264 motoneurons innervating the hind leg of the locust: the FETi-FlTi synapse (fast extensor tibiae-flex

265 ior that underlies swarm formation in desert locusts: the foraging gene product, a cGMP-dependent PK

266 In the locust, these neurons synthesize octopamine from tyramin

267 In locusts, this transformation relies on the oscillatory s

268 Here we use the locust to answer fundamental questions about noise in th

269 utilise the accessible nervous system of the locust to ask how exposure to high levels of ELF EMF imp

270 h from strong mutual aversion in solitarious locusts to coherent group formation and greater activity

271 tion rate of infected tubules likely exposes locusts to greater water stress and increased energy cos

272 rovides a neuroecological mechanism enabling locusts to reassign an appetitive value to an odor that

273 Here, we use the olfactory system of awake locusts to test whether the timing of spikes in Kenyon c

274 e significantly more resistant than solitary locusts to the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anis

275 maintains constant levels of motor drive as locusts transform from their solitarious phase to their

276 The rate at which locusts transition between moving and stationary (and vi

277 Monarch butterflies and locusts traverse continents [1, 2], and foraging bees an

278 In the trunk wood of a mature black locust tree, the RpALN gene was highly expressed in the

279 In locusts, two lobula giant movement detector neurons (LGM

280 tail, especially in the fruit fly and desert locust, understanding of the organization of tangential

281 We give a quantitative description of how locusts use noise to maintain swarm alignment.

282 Here we surveyed >250 LHNs in locusts using intracellular recordings to characterize t

283 re the ecohydrological components of a black locust versus natural grassland on adjacent sites.

284 We investigated whether desert locusts walking along a horizontal ladder use vision to

285 Our data show that locusts walking in environments where footholds are limi

286 Observations of locusts walking on a horizontal ladder demonstrate that

287 ddition, the cuticle of LmCYP4G102-knockdown locusts was fragile and easier deformable than in contro

288 In experimental trials, infected locusts were also significantly more likely than control

289 this study, we found gregarious and solitary locusts were attracted or repulsed respectively by grega

290 more likely to be successful if the mounted locusts were experimentally manipulated to have a reduce

291 er, predictable behavioural responses across locusts were observed only to novel stimuli that evoked

292 y in acutely crowded solitarious (transiens) locusts, whereas appetitive learning and prior learned a

293 The DCMDs trigger 'glides' in flying locusts, which are hypothesised to be appropriate last-d

294 the lobula giant movement detector, LGMD, of locusts) whose output firing rate in response to looming

295 n cooperage: mulberry, Myrobalan plum, black locust, wild cherry, and various oaks.

296 or the DeltaMakatG1 mutant were decreased on locust wings and quinone/phenolic compounds derived from

297 and quinone/phenolic compounds derived from locust wings, but were not affected on plastic surfaces

298 By contrast, solitarious locusts with an RNAi-induced reduction in PKA catalytic

299 train RS218 (O18:K1:H7) kills almost 100% of locusts within 72 h and invades the brain within 24 h of

300 ange of fungal pathogens of maize, wheat and locusts, without affecting their respective hosts.