ライフサイエンスコーパス: logarithmic

1 original data of 82% for ANFIS, followed by logarithmic 70%, exponential 63% and linear 48% respecti

2 Observed star-to-star variations in logarithmic abundance within an open star cluster--a gra

3 Our approach combines pK(a) (logarithmic acid dissociation constant) calculations fro

4 that can be integrated to obtain a charge vs logarithmic activity relationship.

5 are more accurately modeled as a function of logarithmic age.

6 cessing data normalization options including logarithmic and (Variance Stabilizing Normalization) VSN

7 pression of the ids operon increased in late logarithmic and early stationary phases and appeared to

8 egU downregulated yloA expression during the logarithmic and stationary growth phases respectively.

9 s transcription from Pfis well into the late logarithmic and stationary growth phases, demonstrating

10 e H37Rv and a DeltapknK mutant strain during logarithmic and stationary growth phases, we determined

11 RK1 displayed distinct fitness phenotypes in logarithmic and stationary growth phases.

12 rithmic growth or the transition between the logarithmic and stationary growth phases.

13 Transcription profiling on logarithmic and stationary phase grown cells of the micr

14 l ChIP-exo dataset for Fkh1 and Fkh2 in both logarithmic and stationary phases, which is analyzed by

15 ntial: The relaxation is slow, in many cases logarithmic, and can still be observed after many hours.

16 ty of facilitation with neighbors as linear, logarithmic, and unimodal functions is simulated for two

17 he salicylanilides were bactericidal against logarithmic- and stationary-phase cultures of the BI/NAP

18 iptomes were found to be related to those of logarithmic- and stationary-phase planktonic cultures, r

19 The transcriptomes of logarithmic- and stationary-phase Pseudomonas aeruginosa

20 These findings support the notion that a logarithmic, approximately scale-invariant representatio

21 ver time were visibly nonlinear, requiring a logarithmic approximation of the initial reaction rates

22 o 0.21 (inferotemporal RNFL, superonasal VF; logarithmic association) for GDx.

23 o 0.26 (inferotemporal RNFL, superonasal VF; logarithmic association) for HRT II; from 0.02 (temporal

24 o 0.38 (inferotemporal RNFL, superonasal VF; logarithmic association) for OCT; and from 0.03 (tempora

25 Linear and logarithmic associations between RNFL thickness (HRT II,

26 VF, and nasal RNFL, temporal VF; linear and logarithmic associations) to 0.26 (inferotemporal RNFL,

27 the SERS biosensor varies linearly with the logarithmic ATP concentration up to 2.0 nM with a limit

28 bon dioxide deviates significantly from pure logarithmic behavior at concentrations relevant for simu

29 rting previous research, for both conditions logarithmic binning methods were consistent with Levy fl

30 distributions of community biomass over the logarithmic body-mass axis, tend to exhibit regularly sp

31 ere highly targeted specific and linear with logarithmic BoNT/A concentrations in PBS, milk and human

32 ory HGF upregulation, resulting in sustained logarithmic cell killing both in vitro and in xenograft

33 The two-dimensional (2D) logarithmic character of Coulomb interaction between cha

34 c cities, we propose a linear combination of logarithmic city area and logarithmic gross building vol

35 e but generally share a common geometry, the logarithmic coil.

36 been provided over the years, and the basic logarithmic coiling seen in mollusks can be simulated wi

37 The resulting labeled-line code exhibited logarithmic compression obeying the Weber-Fechner law fo

38 a log-spaced spectrogram with approximately logarithmic compression perform similarly to the best-pe

39 That increase was linearly dependent on the logarithmic concentration of ceruloplasmin in blood.

40 hip between the ECL image gray value and the logarithmic concentration of the AFM1 target over a rang

41 d emf changes could still be observed with a logarithmic concentration ratio of 0.05.

42 between the increments of DeltaR(et) and the logarithmic concentrations of E. coli suspension in the

43 nteraction between charges and the resulting logarithmic confinement is a remarkable inherent propert

44 The area under the logarithmic contrast sensitivity function (AULCSF) was c

45 The linear logarithmic correlation (slope = 1.0) between values of

46 The second linear logarithmic correlation [slope = 0.53 +/- 0.16] between

47 s with two selected aryl radicals revealed a logarithmic correlation between the hydrogen-atom abstra

48 Strong logarithmic correlation between the ratio of ACN content

49 The linear logarithmic correlation between these kinetic parameters

50 A logarithmic correlation was found between the hydrogen-a

51 A logarithmic correlation was observed in a wide range of

52 A superb linear logarithmic correlation, with slope of 1.04 +/- 0.03, is

53 73) and TP content (r=0.979), while negative logarithmic correlations were found between pressing pre

54 : OS hazard ratio, 1.44 per unit increase of logarithmic CRP; 95% CI, 1.30 to 1.59; P < .001; MSS haz

55 MSS hazard ratio, 1.51 per unit increase of logarithmic CRP; 95% CI, 1.36 to 1.68; P < .001).

56 ne in a million yeast cells from low-density logarithmic cultures survive desiccation, while 20-40% o

57 Sector NFLP-CD was transformed to a logarithmic dB scale and converted to sector simulated V

58 lobal and regional VF sensitivities (both in logarithmic [dB] and 1/Lambert scales [1/L]), were inves

59 d whether decomposition followed a linear or logarithmic decay and, as Shirley cloth is no longer ava

60 re fastest for ermF in slurry-treated soils (logarithmic decay coefficient of -3.5) and for sul1 and

61 or sul1 and sul2 in dry-stack-amended soils (logarithmic decay coefficients of -0.54 and -0.48, respe

62 cture, after all variables were converted to logarithmic decibel scale.

63 st large cities, and accordingly pH showed a logarithmic decline.

64 100 to 10 ng/microL producing an approximate logarithmic decrease of impedance, a low detection limit

65 st plateau period that was not consistent, a logarithmic decrease phase, and a negativation phase.

66 loss of resolution follows an approximately logarithmic decrease.

67 This model predicts a logarithmic dependence of a protein's diffusion coeffici

68 The logarithmic dependence of D(f) on invading phase saturat

69 The speed also enables us to determine the logarithmic dependence of pulling velocities on the rupt

70 ristics, including multiple charge carriers, logarithmic dependence of resistance on temperature, ant

71 using one-dimensional models that predict a logarithmic dependence of the unfolding force on the pul

72 re sensitive to cell environment, unlike the logarithmic dependence on H and very small thermal corre

73 t not so for RED Nernst potential, which has logarithmic dependence on the solution concentration.

74 The response shows a logarithmic dependence spanning over 5 orders of magnitu

75 also adapt and exhibit a slow (approximately logarithmic) dependence on the ligand concentration in t

76 ons from polyelectrolyte models, we observed logarithmic dependences of proton affinity versus salt c

77 he developed sensing platform demonstrates a logarithmic detection of PSA ranging from 0.5 ng/ml to 5

78 ogfO(2) < DeltaIW -0.5, where DeltaIW is the logarithmic difference between experimental oxygen fugac

79 e stochastic simulation algorithm (SSA), the logarithmic direct method (LDM) and the next reaction me

80 etic operations and complex functions in the logarithmic domain.

81 inear allometries in both the arithmetic and logarithmic domains.

82 nonlinearities, thought to reflect intrinsic logarithmic encoding mechanisms, which are later "linear

83 Using the logarithmic equations, it could be shown that a dilution

84 is forecastable, with the square root of the logarithmic error growing linearly with the forecasting

85 y human CD8(+) T-cell clone, which exhibited logarithmic ex vivo growth in the absence of exogenous c

86 tional Cauchy stress and a recently proposed logarithmic-exponential strain.

87 s angular size and speed, achieved through a logarithmic-exponential transform.

88 e area law cannot be violated by more than a logarithmic factor in the system's size.

89 This form of analysis yielded a logarithmic fit characterized by exceptional responsivit

90 In most cases, logarithmic fits were not significantly better than line

91 stimate the effect size, often in terms of a logarithmic fold change (LFC).

92 The platform comes preloaded with logarithmic fold changes from 44 data sets on Mvarphi st

93 or 9 regions, quadratic for 13, cubic for 6, logarithmic for 12, power law for 7, and modified power

94 linear for 9, quadratic for 25, cubic for 2, logarithmic for 6, and power law for 4 using PN data.

95 We presented a series of logarithmic frequency sweeps to age- and sex-matched gro

96 Entropy was a logarithmic function of ROI area in normal control tissu

97 only (EDO) operation, which was modeled as a logarithmic function of VSP.

98 a-gel increased with wind speed, following a logarithmic function so that PSRs are more strongly infl

99 steady-state concentration was best fit by a logarithmic function.

100 g was not linear and could be modeled with a logarithmic function.

101 ce exists in outcomes between the linear and logarithmic functions, but the unimodal function, which

102 ear combination of logarithmic city area and logarithmic gross building volume, which also captures t

103 potential of Gram-negative cytoplasm during logarithmic growth (-260 to -280 mV).

104 program that coordinates transitions between logarithmic growth (feast) and growth arrest (famine).

105 diate efficient RP gene transcription during logarithmic growth and dissociate from RP gene promoters

106 rvirulent mucoid switch variant, both during logarithmic growth and during intracellular growth in ma

107 sed with increasing medium osmolarity during logarithmic growth and in stationary phase.

108 tion of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during logarithmic growth and reduced stress signaling via the

109 The drying pressure exhibits a logarithmic growth as a function of the driving rate ove

110 that RbfA release by IF3 is important during logarithmic growth as well as during stress encountered

111 A region of logarithmic growth followed the exponential growth which

112 ystem behaves as a marginal glass, marked by logarithmic growth in the MSD toward that previous plate

113 mpared to expression in the wild type during logarithmic growth in vitro.

114 th RNAPII CTD phosphorylation levels, during logarithmic growth in yeast.

115 ations, whose evolution is consistent with a logarithmic growth of entanglement entropy, the hallmark

116 ee mRNA transcripts were up-regulated during logarithmic growth of L. casei ATCC 334 on sucrose isome

117 2 days of 38 untreated LVO patients revealed logarithmic growth of the ischemic infarct core.

118 rger genome sizes, predefined databases show logarithmic growth of the number of families per genome,

119 e the greatest advantage during early to mid-logarithmic growth on casein.

120 e or galactosyl-glycerol, revealed initially logarithmic growth on cellobiose and then linear growth

121 or biphenyl and harvested during either mid-logarithmic growth or the transition between the logarit

122 s regulated by RpoS in stationary but not in logarithmic growth phase (504 were induced and 268 were

123 w more efficiently, as indicated by a longer logarithmic growth phase and a higher final cell density

124 aching maximal levels of 2.5 muM in the late logarithmic growth phase, and both wild-type and pigment

125 In logarithmic growth phase, LinDYRK1(-/-) parasites prolif

126 MutL mRNA occur simultaneously during early logarithmic growth when cell densities are low; this bri

127 n resulted in hematogenous dissemination and logarithmic growth within the central nervous system.

128 This field is now entering a stage of logarithmic growth, during which chemical innovations co

129 was unusually robust, exhibiting a prolonged logarithmic growth, higher biomass, and extended viabili

130 During late-logarithmic growth, QseA activated expression of the LEE

131 Accordingly, during logarithmic growth, Spg5 appears largely dispensable for

132 n liquid broth for time periods that covered logarithmic growth, stationary, and decline phases.

133 itute an operon and are cotranscribed during logarithmic growth, with transcriptional levels decreasi

134 ctible levels of CL at low osmolarity during logarithmic growth.

135 -Sobolev inequality for d>/=3, and the sharp Logarithmic Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequality for d =

136 s the McGowan characteristic volume (V), the logarithmic hexadecane-air partition coefficient (L), an

137 resolved optical coherence tomography show a logarithmic increase in amplitude and a decreasing time

138 the mutation rate and thus yields a similar logarithmic increase in the speed of evolution.

139 we demonstrate with computer simulations the logarithmic increase of displacements with system size:

140 nnels; the electro-oxidized channel showed a logarithmic increase of resistance with decreasing tempe

141 age while the photoreceptor layers showed a logarithmic increase with age.

142 Overall, functional richness follows a logarithmic increase with area, whereas divergence and e

143 compounds have an ideal sorption behaviour (logarithmic increase) except 1-hexanal.

144 ing of 6 and the final of 22), which reflect logarithmic increasing intensities from 13.5 to 214 Watt

145 hod involves analysis of the distribution of logarithmic intensity of all peaks, including noise and

146 ages into a hierarchy of layers at different logarithmic intensity scales and mapping them to a quasi

147 rease the spatial range of the 2D long-range logarithmic interaction, changing it to predominantly di

148 -dimensional (2D) random Coulomb system with logarithmic interactions.

149 ) solar masses contribute about equally (per logarithmic interval) to the luminosity produced by dark

150 Linear semi-logarithmic kinetic plots and molecular weights increasi

151 In this paper, we employ linear-logarithmic kinetics to simplify the calculation of stea

152 The low-temperature data follow a logarithmic law, therefore displaying a notable departur

153 coli cells sense the spatial gradient of the logarithmic ligand concentration.

154 for QTL detection than that of the LASSO for logarithmic linear model or the interval mapping based o

155 dditive mixed models with gamma variance and logarithmic link functions.

156 act RBCs is stable over time, but there is a logarithmic loss of SNO(RBC) with oxyHb desaturation (sl

157 ed by the distinct LinDYRK1 localisations in logarithmic (mainly in flagellar pocket area and endosom

158 The Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) approach was appli

159 ed from the slopes of the Arrhenius plots of logarithmic mobility vs reciprocal absolute temperature

160 e degradation curve fit (R(2)=0.907-0.979) a logarithmic model.

161 ear and non-linear-regression (quadratic and logarithmic) models.

162 theoretical analysis that predicts that the logarithmic nature of the working domain of the evaporat

163 e bipartite state and fully characterize its logarithmic negativity by homodyne tomography.

164 corrections, correlations corresponding to a logarithmic negativity of E(N) = 0.35.

165 tude of the previous trial, whereas a static logarithmic nonlinearity predicts trialwise independence

166 als, pesticides and biocides; with logK(ow) (logarithmic octanol-water partitioning coefficient) valu

167 Suggestive loci logarithmic odds (LOD) scores above 2.0 or non-parametri

168 tter, 91% of patients obtained a UNVA of 0.1 logarithmic of the reading acuity determination (logRAD)

169 efficient, precise molecular measurement at logarithmic or better sampling depth.

170 This was not possible with linear, logarithmic or exponential methods.

171 ussian as possible, for instance by applying logarithmic or other nonlinear transformations.

172 distribution, which could be corrected using logarithmic or reciprocal transformation.

173 fect on sensitivity to ionizing radiation in logarithmic- or early-stationary-phase cells but was req

174 ificantly increased the persister numbers in logarithmic P. aeruginosa PAO1 or PA14 cultures but not

175 The median logarithmic parameter standard errors for the four model

176 i-analytic methods based on direct or double logarithmic phase expansions, steepest descent approache

177 r alteration in parasite division during the logarithmic phase of growth, an accelerated cell death d

178 protein-bound and free NADH at the early and logarithmic phase of the growth curve and a statisticall

179 mRNA level in stationary phase compared with logarithmic phase promastigotes.

180 ain the different levels of RpoS observed in logarithmic phase, ammonia starvation, and glucose starv

181 trifugation of bacterial extracts during mid-logarithmic phase, peaked at the transition to stationar

182 In the logarithmic phase, the bacteria were found to be classic

183 ne (0-3 d.p.i) as corresponding to the early logarithmic phase.

184 ga expression and Mga protein levels in late-logarithmic-phase cell growth.

185 tarved cells is intermediate between that in logarithmic-phase cells and glucose-starved cells.

186 transcriptome analysis was performed on mid-logarithmic-phase cells grown in rich medium.

187 c Trypanosoma brucei cells in early and late logarithmic phases and found that approximately 200 mRNA

188 e demonstration of tunable sub-diffusion and logarithmic photon transport in deterministic aperiodic

189 rcinomas is approximately linear on a double logarithmic plot has led to much speculation regarding t

190 A semi-logarithmic plot of the dimensionless numbers indicated

191 tween this malpractice and the proper use of logarithmic plots in representation of calibration data

192 Logarithmic plots of the K(i) values versus the empirica

193 linear response of the ECL intensity to the logarithmic potassium concentration between 10 mum and 1

194 upervised learning method, is applied on the logarithmic power spectrum of the images, it can provide

195 compensation effect accounts for the natural logarithmic pre-exponential ln (A/min(-1)) factors of ca

196 not a significant linear predictor but was a logarithmic predictor (p = 0.03) for all-cause mortality

197 ume was a significant (p = 0.001) linear and logarithmic predictor.

198 atical properties of the sampling process on logarithmic (Preston) versus linear (Dewdney) abundance

199 simulated data show that Amordad can support logarithmic query time for identifying similar metagenom

200 r and 50 cells/mL for QCM sensor), a widened logarithmic range of detection (i.e., 3-7 for pili-manno

201 Thanks to a steady logarithmic rate of increase in performance for DNA sequ

202 and simulation, SQUICH enables sampling at a logarithmic rate to achieve the same precision as attain

203 For both measures, a semi-logarithmic reduction in titre was observed as genome si

204 ations by the unmixing method applied to the logarithmic reflectance, leading to an accurate quantifi

205 speed over four decades reveals two distinct logarithmic regimes of the measured modulus and point to

206 Multivariate semi-logarithmic regression analyses were used to determine c

207 0.303]), and rim/disc area [R2 = 0.265]; and logarithmic regression for rim volume [R2 = 0.175]).

208 A logarithmic relationship between a 5-point (0-4) TRS and

209 A logarithmic relationship between the concentration of MB

210 Results: CFTR genotype function exhibited a logarithmic relationship with each clinical feature.

211 sed signal intensity of the aptasensor has a logarithmic relationship with the concentration of Abeta

212 se in the intensity of the white light had a logarithmic relationship with the concentration of the c

213 rence risk, overall genetic variance using a logarithmic relative risk scale, the area under the rece

214 r slow relaxations and aging, which predicts logarithmic relaxations, and a particular aging dependen

215 Despite logarithmic replication and phenotypic maturation of DC,

216 nd to background oxygen levels, exhibiting a logarithmic response.

217 This leads to the logarithmic saturation observed in measurements as well

218 curves on either a linear scale (cVL1) or a logarithmic scale (cVL2).

219 g angle of the conical interface varies on a logarithmic scale as a function of the distance from the

220 mes with intervals that are equidistant on a logarithmic scale between 21 ps and 21 ns.

221 ere the circuit depth is proportional to the logarithmic scale of data size.

222 Student paired t tests based on a logarithmic scale were performed to evaluate the change

223 , from 1.0x10(-10) to 1.0x10(-7)M Fe(III) in logarithmic scale with a detection limit of 2.0x10(-11)M

224 scence quenching efficiency is linear in the logarithmic scale with ATP concentration range from 10 n

225 dhesion molecule-1 (odds ratio per SD on the logarithmic scale, 1.21; P = .04).

226 and metabolic rate has convex curvature on a logarithmic scale, and is therefore not a pure power law

227 pproximately replicated heard intervals on a logarithmic scale, even for tones outside the singing ra

228 requires that the system senses signal on a logarithmic scale, responding identically to a change in

229 osteric proteins can respond to stimuli on a logarithmic scale.

230 sults suggest the cross-cultural presence of logarithmic scales for pitch, and biological constraints

231 portion with stimulus frequency when cast on logarithmic scales.

232 The observed logarithmic scaling of diffusivity with beta, in close a

233 necessitate a baseline shift at onset and a logarithmic scaling of interspike intervals at offset.

234 orecast skill was evaluated using a modified logarithmic score.

235 d random unitary circuits, we propose that a logarithmic scrambling time can be achieved in most quan

236 circuits with infinite Lyapunov exponent but logarithmic scrambling time.

237 dification of the method by extrapolation of logarithmic selectivity coefficients appears to give the

238 .3, and the corresponding electrodes exhibit logarithmic selectivity coefficients for H(+) over K(+)

239 In this work, we present evidence that logarithmic sensing can be implemented with a single pro

240 ealed that the key microscopic mechanism for logarithmic sensing in bacterial chemotaxis is the adapt

241 pulation distributions provides evidence for logarithmic sensing of oxygen, which enhances sensing in

242 o operate in a parameter regime that permits logarithmic sensing.

243 the field to understand the ways in which a logarithmic sensor can be implemented at the molecular l

244 This finding suggests a role as logarithmic sensors for the many allosteric proteins acr

245 a tail that may be approximated by Fisher's logarithmic series.

246 FM and FMI gain progressed in a logarithmic-shaped curve and variation increased with in

247 lous photon transport, including the elusive logarithmic Sinai sub-diffusion in photonic systems for

248 example, recent experimental observations of logarithmic size dependence of electric conductivity of

249 We determine the logarithmic slope of the mass function for substructure

250 In particular, it is possible to observe a logarithmic spatio-temporal evolution of the lamellar cr

251 Logarithmic spirals can be fit to the arms with pitch an

252 The ubiquity of double helical and logarithmic spirals in nature is well observed, but no e

253 ometrical model, a new class of self-similar logarithmic spirals observed in a large zone of the para

254 primed the T-cell response before detectable logarithmic spread and were abruptly terminated with min

255 animal) primed the CD4 T-cell response after logarithmic spread was detectable, allowing infection of

256 ased every three sessions from 3 to 1,000 in logarithmic steps.

257 ractal spectra, and additionally demonstrate logarithmic sub-diffusion in the presence of multifracta

258 ensity of MOF-76, which are dependent on the logarithmic tastant concentration, (4) the tastant is id

259 r indications for the hybridization gap with logarithmic temperature dependence (as expected for a Ko

260 The zero-bias conductance peaks show logarithmic temperature dependence and often linear spli

261 about 5 amperes per kelvin per metre with a logarithmic temperature dependence.

262 n rho, 0.79; P<0.0005): the relationship was logarithmic, the reduction in the impedance with an incr

263 to 48 h of infection but its growth becomes logarithmic thereafter.

264 ida-Thouless line in the phase diagram and a logarithmic time dependence of the magnetism.

265 nhanced wall extension can be described by a logarithmic time function.

266 The logarithmic time-dependence of the variation in crystal

267 ound NADH as cells progress from an early to logarithmic to confluent phase.

268 e concentration as the cells transition from logarithmic to stationary phase, there is a "rebound" of

269 cantly decreasing during the transition from logarithmic to stationary-phase growth.

270 istivity upturn with a clear transition from logarithmic- to square-root temperature dependence and d

271 nes was repressed during the transition from logarithmic- to stationary-phase growth, but several wel

272 ential ramp stimuli, a feature that we call "logarithmic tracking."

273 nt with a simple model consisting of a noisy logarithmic transducer followed by a rise-to-threshold a

274 feedforward neural network with function of logarithmic transfer, Levenberg Marquardt algorithm and

275 These simulations show that the logarithmic transform of angular speed occurs between th

276 e shape of the numberline, without requiring logarithmic transform.

277 constraint of minimal number of replicates, logarithmic transformation and random error analyses.

278 GO transfer method based on bit-score and a logarithmic transformation of CHI-square (WS-LCHI) perfo

279 Logarithmic transformation of peak BLI tumor signal inte

280 Logarithmic transformation of SD-OCT measurements provid

281 Ordinal least squares regression with a logarithmic transformation of the dependent variable was

282 Logarithmic transformation of the retinal thickness was

283 use the data distribution was highly skewed, logarithmic transformation was performed.

284 achieving normally distributed data through logarithmic transformation.

285 However, the slopes in the logarithmic transformed interspecific trait relationship

286 Control lungs had lower average median logarithmic transmission (-0.29 vs -0.18, P = .1) and lo

287 L, reducing the level of Legionella by three logarithmic unit by 2 months postinstallation (T2) until

288 with a much higher sensitivity of 3 mRIU per logarithmic unit of the concentration between 500 pmol L

289 response time of 1 s, a linear range of four logarithmic units, and a medium-term stability of 0.04 m

290 h a F(-)/Cl(-) selectivity of more than five logarithmic units.

291 elationship between normalized R(et) and the logarithmic value of E. coli concentrations was found in

292 ar relationship between impedance change and logarithmic value of H5N1 virus at the concentrations fr

293 0.0001), baseline lesion lumen area (0.019), logarithmic value of the change in high-sensitivity C-re

294 ntioned rescaling of the conductance and its logarithmic variation as a function of the applied volta

295 onductance as a function of eV/k(B)T, with a logarithmic variation for eV/k(B)T > 1, variations in ac

296 uated 3, 6, and 9 months after surgery using logarithmic visual acuity charts.

297 isual acuity was measured at each visit with logarithmic visual acuity charts.

298 Global associations (linear and logarithmic) were significantly stronger using OCT compa

299 dependently on each of four bands with equal logarithmic width.

300 sponse evoked in the localized population is logarithmic with stimulus amplitude (given a constant fr