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1 ned with a selective MC3-R agonist (gamma(2)-melanocyte-stimulating hormone).
2 ormone = adrenocorticotropic hormone > gamma-melanocyte-stimulating hormone).
3 asopressin, agouti-related protein and alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone.
4 mentation does not appear to be regulated by melanocyte stimulating hormone.
5 ed how these responses are affected by alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone.
6 ction but this response was reduced by alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone.
7 e levels were increased in response to alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone.
8 mulation of tyrosinase gene transcription by melanocyte-stimulating hormone.
9 re found to be enhanced by addition of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone.
10 d the positive effects of [Nle, D-Phe]-alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone.
11 table levels of adrenocorticotropin or alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone.
12 ucagon and proopiomelanocortin-derived alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone.
13 on stimulation with its natural ligand alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone.
15 h a selective MC3R agonist ([D-Trp(8)]-gamma-melanocyte-stimulating hormone; 10 microg i.v.) produced
16 des alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and melanocyte-stimulating hormone 11-13 (KP-D-V) on the inv
17 nt in the aqueous humor (10-9 M), as well as melanocyte-stimulating hormone 11-13 (KP-D-V) reduced th
18 (188)Re-(Arg(11))[Cys(3,4,10),d-Phe(7)]alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone(3-13) (CCMSH) in the B16/
19 rahydrobiopterin resulting in a stable alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone/6(R)-L-erythro 5,6,7,8 te
20 cid, and niacinamide) and stimulators (alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, 8-methoxypsoralen, and 3
21 nistration of the endogenous MC4R agonist, a-melanocyte stimulating hormone (a-MSH), triggers the rel
23 o-opiomelanocortin (POMC, the precursor of a-melanocyte stimulating hormone [a-MSH]) in hypothalamic
24 bitor of rac1 abrogated the ability of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone, a peptide hormone known
26 f the melanotropin peptides alpha-MSH (alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, Ac-Ser-Tyr-Met-Glu- His-
27 his study provides further evidence of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone acting to "protect" melan
28 similar in these two species homologs (alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone = adrenocorticotropic hor
29 For this purpose antibodies against alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropin, pro
31 r evaluation of PDE4is with or without alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone agonists in vitiligo tria
32 eceptor its and adrenocorticotropic hormone, melanocyte stimulating hormone, agouti protein ligands (
34 ts of two melanocortin system ligands, alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) and agouti-re
35 The regulated release of anorexigenic alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) and orexigeni
37 ic hormone (ACTH), beta-endorphin, and alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) are synthesiz
38 n the ARC, IRS-2 was co-localized with alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) as well as ne
39 orms act as competitive antagonists of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) at melanocort
40 ne whether the neuroprotective peptide alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) attenuates GA
42 potential application of neuropeptide alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) in mitigating
43 ulated transcript (CART) coexists with alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) in the arcuat
44 leus (ARC), and on opioid peptides and alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) in the parave
49 lanocortin (POMC)-derived neuropeptide alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) is known to m
51 ms underlying the effects of intra-VTA alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) on feeding an
52 compared with four other radiolabeled alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) peptide analo
53 sp-conjugated and X-Ala-Asp-conjugated alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) peptides.
54 w (99m)Tc-labeled Arg-X-Asp-conjugated alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) peptides.
55 a prevention based on using analogs of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) that function
58 age chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), and peroxiso
59 ReCCMSH(Arg(11)), a cyclic analogue of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), exhibited hi
60 tor (CRF) might be mediated via MC4-R. alpha-Melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), the MC4-R ag
61 ing the production of the MC4R ligand, alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), to regulate
62 C4-R agonists, melanotan-II (MT-II) or alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), were unilate
66 ls was blocked by co-administration of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH, 20 ng), a hor
67 tivity of leptin, the leptin receptor, alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormones (alpha-MSH) and the mela
68 er the functional IL-1beta antagonist, alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH(1-13)), would
69 ibution, and clearance kinetics of the alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) analog 1,4,7,
71 eport in vitro and in vivo data of new alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) analogues whi
72 NPY) and anorexigenic peptides such as alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) and anorexige
73 d plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) and beta-endo
74 n, resulting in selective increases of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-Msh) and carboxy-c
75 ein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that binds alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) and has a cen
77 he melanocortin system, which includes alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) and its endog
78 ese proteins antagonize the effects of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) and other mel
79 ng effects of the anorexigenic agonist alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) and the orexi
82 ntake and PK2 increased the release of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) from ex vivo
83 gated the efficacy of the neuropeptide alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) in promoting
84 recordings revealed that both NPY and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) inhibit and s
89 the appetite-suppressing neuropeptide alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) is reduced, y
90 TH) of pars distalis corticotropes and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) of pars inter
91 s study aimed at revealing the role of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) on basophil f
93 melanocortin receptor agonists such as alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) or antagonist
94 phage that displayed up to 5 copies of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) peptide analo
95 he radiolabeled lactam bridge-cyclized alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) peptide on it
96 e whether (99m)Tc- and (111)In-labeled alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) peptides coul
97 ) neurons and the POMC-derived peptide alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) promote satie
99 type 1 receptor (MC1R), also known as alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) receptor, is
100 ion (suntanning) requires induction of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) secretion by
101 Activation of MC1R in melanocytes by alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) stimulates cA
104 prolylcarboxypeptidase (PRCP) degrades alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) to an inactiv
105 t color by antagonizing the binding of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) to the alpha-
106 us of the hypothalamus (PVN), to block alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) type 3 and 4
107 1R, inhibiting the alpha-melanocortin (alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH))-induced incr
108 elanocortin 4 (MC-4) receptors such as alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), a product of
109 in the regulation of feeding by using alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), an endogenou
110 -tetraacetic acid), a cyclic analog of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), has the pote
111 nd regulating release of products like alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), neuropeptide
112 re potent appetite stimulants, whereas alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), neurotensin,
113 ither a melanocortin receptor agonist, alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), or antagonis
114 (NDP-MSH), a highly potent analogue of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), possesses na
115 designed to examine the evidence that alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), which is tho
116 group of Lys(10) of the cyclic lactam alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH)-derived Pro(6
117 both direct and indirect regulation by alpha melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH)-synthesizing
124 esis through which ultraviolet (UV) or alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormones (alpha-MSH) stimuli act
125 ocked by 2 different IL-1 antagonists, alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone (alphaMSH) and interleuki
126 that physiological melanogenic stimuli alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alphaMSH) increases STIM
129 melanoma cells synthesize and release alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alphaMSH, the ligand for
130 havior of these cells is influenced by alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alphaMSH) and melanin-co
132 erestingly, hypothalamic Pomc mRNA and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alphaMSH) peptide levels
134 the rise in cAMP levels in response to alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, an MC4R agonist, by bloc
135 ich can be achieved using radiolabeled alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone analog NAPamide derivativ
137 ions did not affect the ability of the alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone analogue [Nle4,D-Phe7] me
139 valuated the safety and efficacy of an alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone analogue, afamelanotide,
141 dendrite formation in B16F1 cells, and alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone and ultraviolet light sti
142 ac1 mediates the well-known ability of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone and ultraviolet light to
143 We used known melanogenic stimulators (alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylal
144 lanocortin peptides alpha-, beta-, and gamma-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and ACTH are full agonist
146 e proopiomelanocortin-derived peptides alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and beta-endorphin, the g
147 enic neuropeptides pro-opiomelanocortinalpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and cocaine-amphetamine-r
148 and anorexigenic (pro-opiomelanocortinalpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and cocaine-amphetamine-r
151 ontraction in melanocytes, mediated by alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and melanin-concentrating
152 and of the anti-inflammatory peptides alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and melanocyte-stimulatin
153 -derived macrophages, we observed that alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and selective MC1-R agoni
154 wn that a cell-permeable peptide, a hormone (melanocyte stimulating hormone), and a blood-clotting ag
155 tra of the model peptides (bradykinin, alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone, and melittin) change sig
156 omelanocortin (POMC)-derived peptides, alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, and adrenocorticotropic
157 rphin A-17, a decrease in the level of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, and an alteration in the
158 encodes both the anorexigenic peptide alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, and the opioid peptide b
159 including arbutin, hydroquinone, kojic acid, melanocyte-stimulating hormone, and thymidine dimers) as
160 adrenocorticotropin, alpha-, beta- and gamma-melanocyte stimulating hormone; and the endogenous opioi
161 to investigate the mechanism by which alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone antagonizes proinflammato
162 and that the anti-invasive actions of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone are consistent with its w
165 stochastic carcinogenesis and identify alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone as a potential attenuatin
166 Additionally, our results identify alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone as a potential mediator o
167 s through the blockade of signaling by alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone at central nervous system
168 and potency of the endogenous agonist alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone at the MC4R by 37- and 60
170 Notably, the density of anorexigenic alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone axons was reduced in adul
171 s of novel, disulfide-constrained human beta-melanocyte stimulating hormone (beta-MSH)-derived peptid
172 rupts the dibasic cleavage site between beta melanocyte-stimulating hormone (beta-MSH) and beta-endor
173 in (POMC), which prevents production of beta-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (beta-MSH) and beta-endor
175 ptides include adrenocorticotrophic hormone, melanocyte stimulating hormone, beta-lipotrophin, and th
176 e precursor for adrenocorticotropic hormone, melanocyte-stimulating hormones, beta-lipotropic hormone
177 prevented the inhibitory actions of gamma(2)-melanocyte stimulating hormone both in vitro and in vivo
178 by the more selective MC3-R agonist gamma(2)-melanocyte stimulating hormone but not by the selective
179 n S-91 mouse melanoma cells respond to alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone) by demonstrating a marke
181 ear run-off transcription assays showed that melanocyte-stimulating hormone caused a slow increase in
182 mers with different molecular sizes, [d-Trp]-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, [d-Ala]-deltorphin, [d-P
183 At concentrations in excess of 10-9 M alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone decreased nitric oxide pr
184 cell surface, but it does not restore alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-dependent cAMP signaling.
185 Tc(CO)3-labeled lactam bridge-cyclized alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone derivative, betaAlaNleCyc
186 hat inhibits the binding and action of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone derived from proopiomelan
187 ow report that treatment of melanocytes with melanocyte-stimulating hormone down-regulates expression
188 melanoma cells were exposed continuously to melanocyte-stimulating hormone for 6 d, a large but tran
191 rly to the previously described cyclic gamma-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (gamma-MSH)-derived hMC3R
196 minase-containing neurons) but not others (a-melanocyte-stimulating hormone), indicating specificity
197 te was unaffected by treatment of cells with melanocyte-stimulating hormone, indicating that the horm
199 ment with cycloheximide had no effect on the melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced increase in tyros
202 (dynorphin A-17, beta-endorphin, and alpha- melanocyte-stimulating hormone) involved in the control
203 oduction by melanocytes in response to alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone is associated with such a
206 n of the fibroblast growth factor (FGFR) and melanocyte stimulating hormone (MC1R) receptors stimulat
207 grin expression and ask to what extent alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone might protect cells from
208 two intercellular signaling molecules, alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) and agouti signal p
209 uces activation of regulatory T cells, alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) and transforming gr
210 uggested a critical role for the MC1R ligand melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) in this response, a
211 ignaling either by the agonistic MC1R ligand melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) or by pharmacologic
213 , from the absence of induction by leptin of melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) secretion in the hy
214 gmentation in mammals is stimulated by alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH), which binds to the
217 s agonists such as alpha-, beta-, and gamma2-melanocyte stimulating hormones (MSH) and adrenocorticot
218 genous agonists [alpha-, beta-, and gamma(2)-melanocyte stimulating hormones (MSH) and adrenocorticot
219 ptor agonists including alpha-, beta-, gamma-melanocyte stimulating hormones (MSH) and adrenocorticot
220 he intermediate lobe melanotropes, producing melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH alpha), have remaine
221 two intercellular signaling molecules, alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) and agouti signal p
222 r MMS increases the response of S91 cells to melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) and increases the b
223 the selective MC3R agonist [d-Trp(8)]-gamma-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) and of the recessiv
225 mes in melanocytes, whereas treatment with a-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) induced exocytosis
226 zed rats, unilateral microinjection of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) into the medullary
228 oopiomelanocortin transcription and systemic melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) levels in the plasm
232 scopic visualization and characterization of melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) receptors of melano
236 e and functionality of ACTH, alpha- and beta-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH), and beta-endorphin
237 ion throughout the cytoplasm is triggered by melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH), with both of these
239 ticotropic hormone, beta-lipotropin, and the melanocyte-stimulating hormones (MSH), which act through
240 omplete loss of both [Nle(4)-d-Phe(7)]-alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (NDP-MSH) binding and NDP
241 activity studies of [Nle(4), D-Phe(7)]-alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (NDP-MSH) identified D-Ph
242 uti-related protein (AGRP)/[Nle4,DPhe7]alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (NDP-MSH) ligands is repo
243 rotective effect of [Nle(4), D-Phe(7)]-alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (NDP-MSH), a potent non-s
245 g assays for agonist, [Nle(4)-d-Phe(7)]alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (NDP-alpha-MSH) or forsko
246 human MC4R activation by [Nle4, d-Phe7]alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (NDP-MSH), by first defin
247 oximity to the bound ligand [Nle(4),D-Phe(7)]melanocyte-stimulating hormone (NDP-MSH), thereby differ
248 neuropeptide glutamic acid-isoleucine/alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (NEI/alphaMSH) peptides.
249 were carried out to determine the effect of melanocyte-stimulating hormone on tyrosinase gene transc
251 grown in the presence of 10-11-10-9 M alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone prior to stimulation.
252 gh actions on TRH neurons, addition of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone produced a 3.5-fold incre
253 ultures prepared from 7B2 null mice restored melanocyte-stimulating hormone production, substantiatin
254 the expression of proopiomelanocortin/alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, provoked by C75 and reve
256 e mutation in a classical pigmentation gene, melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor (MC1R), is stron
257 e skin, is a high-affinity antagonist of the melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor (MC1-R), thus ex
258 aberrantly antagonizes the MC4-R, a related melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor expressed in hyp
261 alpha-melanocyte--stimulating hormone to the melanocyte-stimulating--hormone receptor (MSHR), the pro
262 ologies concerning cells which express alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptors and utilize the
264 icotropin-releasing factor, leptin and alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone regulate cytokine balance
267 ature just before light onset, whereas alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone release, especially at th
268 ively increases beta-endorphin but not alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone release in the hypothalam
270 y, whereas receptor binding with the agonist melanocyte-stimulating hormone resulted in an increased
271 lity complex class I and downregulated alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, signifying immune privil
272 h the melanocortin analog [Nle, D-Phe]-alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (starting 3 or 6 hrs afte
273 ndothelin 1, hepatocyte growth factor, alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone, stem cell factor, and fi
274 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) inhibited and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone stimulated ARC glucose-ex
275 rease in tyrosinase mRNA occurred 60 h after melanocyte-stimulating hormone stimulation and was follo
276 tial glands of rodents is regulated by alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone, the major agonist for me
277 ith the regulation of melanogenesis by alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone through melanocortin 1 re
278 e stimulating hormone analogue [Nle4,D-Phe7] melanocyte stimulating hormone to bind or activate the c
279 tern immunoblotting and the ability of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone to oppose the actions of
282 of NF-kappaB DNA binding activity with alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone was detected 2 h after ce
283 n cAMP in response to stimulation with alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone was measured in HEK-293 c
284 vating cyclic adenosine monophosphate, alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone was not found to have any
285 appear to be physiological targets of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, which inhibits food inta
286 d tumorigenicity assays indicates that alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, which is overproduced by
287 onses to the cAMP agonists cholera toxin and melanocyte-stimulating hormone, which normally promote m
288 ch aims to maintain high urine output; alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, with anti-inflammatory a
289 and in a subset of cells coexpressing alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone within the pituitary pars