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1 he parasite surface after discharge from the micronemes.
2 e factors from specialized organelles called micronemes.
3 fficking between the Golgi apparatus and the micronemes.
4 stoylated N-terminus facing the lumen of the micronemes.
5 rolled secretion of apical organelles termed micronemes.
6 ns present in the rhoptries, rhoptry neck or micronemes.
7 nete apical surface, and both are present in micronemes.
8 distribution of essential organelles such as micronemes.
9 P140/RON4 is located within the rhoptries or micronemes.
10 bility and secretion of the complex from the micronemes.
11  secretory pathway rather than localizing to micronemes.
12 hereas adhesins were sequestered in internal micronemes.
13 ossibly localize in the sporozoite secretory micronemes.
14 ce during or preceding the biogenesis of the micronemes.
15 ergy metabolism rather than interacting with microneme adhesins, challenging the current model for ap
16 reveal a novel cell-binding motif called the microneme adhesive repeat (MAR).
17 s pinpointed to a defect in secretion of the micronemes, an apicomplexan-specific organelle that cont
18 antigen 1 (AMA1) is located in the merozoite micronemes, an organelle that contains receptors for inv
19             We find that this enzyme cleaves microneme and exoneme substrates before discharge, while
20 view covers the molecular advances regarding microneme and rhoptry exocytosis and focuses on how the
21  type and ASP3 depleted parasites identified microneme and rhoptry proteins as repertoire of ASP3 sub
22    Fluorescence microscope analysis detected microneme and surface antigen proteins on the monocyte c
23                   These results suggest that microneme and surface antigen proteins trigger monocytes
24 berghei we show that SOAP is targeted to the micronemes and forms high molecular mass complexes via d
25             Regulated protein secretion from micronemes and host cell invasion are inextricably linke
26 leading to reduced TgMIC2 secretion from the micronemes and impaired invasion.
27 itinase-like enzyme TgCLP1 that localizes to micronemes and is targeted to the cyst wall after secret
28                                              Micronemes and rhoptries are specialized secretory organ
29 wly formed apical secretory organelles named micronemes and rhoptries in the daughter cells.
30                     The secretory organelles micronemes and rhoptries mediate the first steps of inva
31 sma, have two types of secretory organelles (micronemes and rhoptries) whose sequential release is es
32  sporozoite apical secretory organelles, the micronemes and rhoptries, store protein mediators of par
33 ique specialized secretory organelles termed micronemes and rhoptries.
34 of P. gallinaceum is present within ookinete micronemes and subsequently becomes localized in the ele
35 onserved apicomplexan protein present in the micronemes and then secreted onto the surface of the mer
36 st cell adhesins from apical organelles (the micronemes), and extension of a unique tubulin-based str
37 stored in specialized organelles (rhoptries, micronemes, and dense granules) and the capture of host
38 ed in erythrocyte invasion (named rhoptries, micronemes, and dense granules), remains poorly understo
39                                   Rhoptries, micronemes, and dense granules, which are secretory orga
40 onstrated to be GPI-linked, localized in the micronemes, and essential for erythrocyte invasion.
41 y is F-actin dependent, de novo synthesis of micronemes appears to be F-actin independent.
42            Proteins secreted from the apical micronemes are central components for host cell recognit
43 nd super-resolution microscopy, we show that micronemes are recycled from the mother to the forming d
44 required for the rapid apical trafficking of micronemes as parasites initiate motility.
45                  MIC2 and M2AP are stored in micronemes as proforms.
46 e replication and initially localizes to the micronemes, as determined by immunofluorescence assay an
47 rting the notion that the radially organized micronemes at the apical tip comprise a readily-releasab
48 acking the C-domain might be escorted to the micronemes by association with endogenous wild-type MIC2
49 ected in the mutant implying that release of microneme cargo is either highly efficient at the malfor
50 ibution of their micronemes yet secretion of microneme cargo is unaffected in the mutant implying tha
51                                The secretory micronemes come in two sub-populations differentiated by
52 complex is the most extensively investigated microneme complex, which contributes to host cell recogn
53 e aldolase to the periphery of the secretory micronemes containing TRAP.
54                                   Within the microneme CTRP was associated peripherally at the micron
55 from Toxoplasma apical secretory organelles (micronemes, dense granules, and rhoptries) play key role
56 lysis using antibodies against proteins from micronemes, dense granules, rhoptries, and plasma membra
57 s the functional activity of PfCDPK1, blocks microneme discharge and erythrocyte invasion by P. falci
58 specific inhibitor of PfCDPK1, also inhibits microneme discharge and erythrocyte invasion, confirming
59                    Here, we demonstrate that microneme discharge is regulated by parasite cytoplasmic
60      Finally, FER1 overexpression triggers a microneme exocytosis burst, supporting the notion that t
61                                              Microneme exocytosis starts first and likely controls th
62 in the conceptual framework of regulation of microneme exocytosis that ensures egress, motility, and
63 ts on the plasma membrane fusion step during microneme exocytosis.
64 hanism in which key lipid mediators regulate microneme exocytosis.
65 ing microneme secretion and is necessary for microneme exocytosis.
66 tidic acid, a lipid mediator associated with microneme exocytosis.
67 ent protein kinases (CDPKs) are required for microneme exocytosis; however, the molecular events that
68 eins in apical secretory organelles known as micronemes have been strongly implicated in parasite att
69                  PvGAMA was localized at the microneme in the mature schizont-stage parasites.
70 PX2 localized to the Golgi apparatus and the micronemes in developing schizonts.
71 mplexan species studied to date, the role of micronemes in T. equi invasion of host cells is unknown.
72 t it is found at the cell surface and within micronemes, in a pattern reminiscent of other apicomplex
73 x Duffy binding protein (DBP) is a merozoite microneme ligand vital for blood-stage infection, which
74                                         When microneme-mediated attachment was blocked by pretreating
75 neme CTRP was associated peripherally at the microneme membrane, whereas PgCHT1 and WARP were diffuse
76 ive proteins from internal organelles called micronemes, no genetic evidence is available to support
77              Calcium-dependent exocytosis of micronemes occurs at the very apical tip and is critical
78  erythrocyte binding proteins located in the micronemes of merozoites.
79 is and remains associated with TgMIC2 in the micronemes, on the parasite surface during invasion and
80           We demonstrated that FER1 traffics microneme organelles along the following trajectories: (
81                                              Microneme organelles are found in the apical complex of
82       Both EBA-175 and BAEBL localize to the micronemes, organelles at the invasive ends of the paras
83 the apical tip comprise a readily-releasable microneme pool.
84      Our findings suggest that processing of microneme precursors occurs within intermediate endocyti
85 ole of the T. equi claudin-like apicomplexan microneme protein (CLAMP) in the invasion of equine eryt
86 nvasion factor the claudin-like apicomplexan microneme protein (CLAMP), which resembles mammalian tig
87 ells by a multistep process with the help of microneme protein (MIC) complexes that play important ro
88  process involving the secretion of adhesive microneme protein (MIC) complexes.
89                                              Microneme protein 2 (MIC2), a member of the thrombospond
90                       One of these adhesins, microneme protein 2 (MIC2), is a type one transmembrane
91 orthologs, including Toxoplasma gondii MIC2 (microneme protein 2), possess a short cytoplasmic tail,
92 e microneme, when fused to the C terminus of microneme protein 2.
93 ristoylation on a transmembrane protein, the microneme protein 7 (MIC7), which enters the secretory p
94          Here we examine the function of the microneme protein CLAMP, which we previously found to be
95                                  The SP from microneme protein EtMIC2 (SP2) allowed efficient traffic
96            TgM2AP is a propeptide-containing microneme protein found in a heterohexameric complex wit
97                    Using dual labelling of a microneme protein MIC2 and super-resolution microscopy,
98              Several antigens, including the microneme protein MIC2, the cyst matrix protein MAG1, an
99 ghei, we identify and characterize the first microneme protein of the ookinete: circumsporozoite- and
100 oplasma gondii, an essential activity called microneme protein protease 1 (MPP1) cleaves secreted adh
101 rasites lacking HOOK or FTS display impaired microneme protein secretion, leading to a block in the i
102 iciency does not impact parasite adhesion or microneme protein secretion; however, knockdown of any m
103  found in a heterohexameric complex with the microneme protein TgMIC2, a protein that has a demonstra
104 , we report successful disruption of M2AP, a microneme protein tightly associated with an adhesive pr
105 hat FER1 could putatively be responsible for microneme protein trafficking.
106                                  TgMIC2 is a microneme protein with multiple adhesive domains that bi
107  similar to the C-terminal domain of another microneme protein, MIC1.
108 econd example of a galectin fold adapted for microneme protein-protein interactions and suggest a con
109               Calcium-regulated secretion of microneme proteins and parasite actin polymerization tog
110                             Remarkably, most microneme proteins are proteolytically cleaved during bi
111 s processing of several secreted rhoptry and microneme proteins by targeting the corresponding matura
112 is a candidate processing enzyme for several microneme proteins cleaved within the secretory pathway
113                 The recent identification of microneme proteins from different apicomplexan genera ha
114                                    Secretory microneme proteins have been shown to be important for b
115  Apicomplexans possess a large repertoire of microneme proteins that contribute to invasion, but thei
116       High-level Ab responses to rhoptry and microneme proteins that function in erythrocyte invasion
117 LAMP forms a distinct complex with two other microneme proteins, the invasion-associated SPATR, and a
118 sed by its ability to block the secretion of microneme proteins, which are involved in cell attachmen
119 c residues are similarly positioned in other microneme proteins.
120 ar cortex; (5) Retrograde transport allowing microneme recycling from mother to daughter.
121 olytic maturation of proproteins targeted to micronemes, regulated secretory organelles that deliver
122                  These studies indicate that microneme release is a stimulus-coupled secretion system
123 idic acid (PA), is essential for controlling microneme release.
124 t secretion of specialized organelles called micronemes, resulting in a block of essential phenotypes
125 of proteins from three different organelles--micronemes, rhoptries and dense granules--serves to esta
126 hable from other parasite organelles, namely micronemes, rhoptries, dense granules, and the apicoplas
127         PfROM1 was not found associated with micronemes, rhoptries, or dense granules, the three iden
128 -triphosphate receptor antagonist, inhibited microneme secretion and blocked parasite attachment and
129 AC10 replicate normally but are defective in microneme secretion and fail to invade and egress from i
130  the microneme surface that senses PA during microneme secretion and is necessary for microneme exocy
131 he lytic cycle of tachyzoites by controlling microneme secretion and motility to drive egress and cel
132 n of Cys127 on TgDJ-1 resulted in a block of microneme secretion and motility, even in the presence o
133                  This flux is independent of microneme secretion and persists in the absence of the g
134 vealed dampened Ca(2+) responses and minimal microneme secretion by bradyzoites induced in vitro or h
135    The natural agonist serum albumin induced microneme secretion in a protein kinase G-dependent mann
136 earch for mediators of calcium signaling and microneme secretion in T. gondii.
137                             Calcium-mediated microneme secretion in Toxoplasma gondii is stimulated b
138   Taken together, these findings reveal that microneme secretion is centrally controlled by protein k
139 ajor effect was on invasion, suggesting that microneme secretion is dispensable for Plasmodium egress
140                                              Microneme secretion is essential for motility, invasion,
141       The TgAMA1 deficiency has no effect on microneme secretion or initial attachment of the parasit
142 enetically encoded indicators for Ca(2+) and microneme secretion to better define the signaling pathw
143                                              Microneme secretion under the conditions of stimulation
144 nted invasion even under conditions in which microneme secretion was not affected, indicating a poten
145                                              Microneme secretion was triggered by Ca2+ ionophores in
146 processes in Toxoplasma gondii We found that microneme secretion was triggered in vitro by exposure t
147  pathways that coordinate conoid protrusion, microneme secretion, and actin polymerization, to initia
148 xity in the control of parasite motility and microneme secretion, and they constitute a set of useful
149                                         Upon microneme secretion, as occurs during invasion, the MIC2
150 um with thapsagargin or NH4Cl also triggered microneme secretion, indicating that intracellular calci
151 tudies indicate that Ca(2+) and cGMP control microneme secretion, little is known about how these pat
152  downstream of the calcium flux required for microneme secretion, parasite motility, and subsequent i
153                 We identified two stimuli of microneme secretion, ryanodine and caffeine, which enhan
154 hanol, a previously characterized trigger of microneme secretion, stimulated an increase in parasite
155                          Upon stimulation of microneme secretion, TgSUB1 is cleaved into smaller prod
156                                   Similarly, microneme secretion, which is necessary for motility dur
157 erol (DAG) and IP3 and ultimately results in microneme secretion.
158 otein kinase G-independent manner leading to microneme secretion.
159  host cells, which correlated with deficient microneme secretion.
160  Plasmodium falciparum was also defective in microneme secretion.
161 parasite's life cycle at stages dependent on microneme secretion.
162 ally enhance invasion, gliding motility, and microneme secretion.
163 xan parasites have unique apical rhoptry and microneme secretory organelles that are crucial for host
164  the malaria parasite, Plasmodium, possesses microneme secretory organelles that mediate locomotion a
165 ocking the release of invasion proteins from microneme secretory organelles.
166                           TRAP is located in micronemes, secretory organelles of apicomplexan parasit
167 ane protein that localizes to the parasite's micronemes, secretory organelles that discharge during i
168 n with the plasma membrane; (3) Differential microneme sub-population traffic, and that FER1 could pu
169 eme trafficking, acts differently on the two microneme subpopulations, and acts on the plasma membran
170  (PH) domain-containing protein (APH) on the microneme surface that senses PA during microneme secret
171 h as the apicomplexan-specific rhoptries and micronemes that are required for host cell invasion.
172      In summary, FER1 is pivotal for dynamic microneme trafficking, acts differently on the two micro
173 s fluorescent protein to the cell surface or microneme, two locations where are more effective in ind
174 m, after which the protein is transported to micronemes, vesicles that secrete early during host cell
175     Organelles consistent with rhoptries and micronemes were also present in fractions from 1.17 to 1
176  This likely mimics the release of TRAP from micronemes when a sporozoite contacts its target cell in
177 ocation for secretory organelle known as the microneme, when fused to the C terminus of microneme pro
178 cent studies have implicated the contents of micronemes, which are small secretory organelles confine
179 creted from another set of organelles called micronemes, which vary in function from allowing host ce
180 ents that regulate trafficking and fusion of micronemes with the plasma membrane remain unresolved.
181 ve a pronounced apical distribution of their micronemes yet secretion of microneme cargo is unaffecte

 
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