ライフサイエンスコーパス: molten

1 y stable with multiple native conformations (molten).

2 junction and contiguous A-chain residues are molten.

3 igate reactions of SO(2) at the surface of a molten alkali carbonate eutectic at 683 K.

4 ty up to 95% on catalysts comprising a mixed molten alkali chloride supported on a mildly redox-activ

5 Molten alkali metal borates embody a new class of high-t

6 Hence, when a single crystal is molten, all remnants have a unique orientation and thus

7 In the molten alloy system, the insoluble carbon floats to the

8 culations show that the active metals in the molten alloys are atomically dispersed and negatively ch

9 Crystallization of microdroplets of molten alloys could, in principle, present a number of p

10 een made that volcanic reservoirs are rarely molten and only capable of eruption for durations as bri

11 esulting cosmic spherules was oxidized while molten, and quench-crystallized to form spheres of inter

12 electrolytes, water molecules in membranes, molten atoms at interfaces, etc., which are difficult to

13 Here we report the structure of molten basalt up to 60 GPa by means of in situ X-ray dif

14 The reactions of LnCl(3) with molten boric acid result in the formation of Ln[B(4)O(6)

15 reactions of AnCl(3) (An = Pu, Am, Cm) with molten boric acid under the same conditions yield Pu[B(4

16 The key development is the use of a molten borohydride (MEt3BH, M = Na, K) as both the reduc

17 nd fluid outer core, overlain by a partially molten boundary layer.

18 rial can be applied as a recyclable anode in molten CaCl(2) .

19 process based on the reduction of SiO(2) in molten CaCl(2) that does not produce CO(2) .

20 ous carbons through cathodic polarization in molten CaCl2 at temperatures of about 1100 K, which gene

21 aining nitrides were grown from reactions in molten calcium and lithium.

22 ailable silica/carbon (SiO2/C) precursors in molten calcium chloride.

23 m and kinetics of proton transfer in lithium molten carbonate (MC) were investigated.

24 NS synthesis splits CO(2) by electrolysis in molten carbonate and has a carbon negative footprint.

25 iency of the 4-electron CO(2) reduction in a molten carbonate electrolyte.

26 Redox media of molten carbonate or molten metal facilitating the transp

27 y STEP, from iron ore, occurs via Fe(III) in molten carbonate.

28 s, along with the electrical conductivity of molten carbonated peridotite and that of the oceanic upp

29 Molten carbonates are highly inviscid liquids characteri

30 efficiency of SO(2) --> CO(2) conversion by molten carbonates, which appear to be much more reactive

31 h young plates consists of a thin, partially molten, channel of low viscosity that acts to decouple t

32 The compositions of the oxide core and the molten chloride shell control the catalytic activity via

33 Traces of water may be present in the molten chloride under reaction conditions, but the speci

34 is, and chlorine, sodium, and magnesium from molten chlorides.

35 ng longitudinal phonon cooling effect on the molten COD wave front, and the formation of patterns due

36 lass limit, which can be associated with the molten copper sublattice leading to a softening of phono

37 ct synthesis of 2D Mo2 C-on-graphene film by molten copper-catalyzed chemical vapor deposition (CVD)

38 well-ordered core, some proteins exhibit a 'molten core' likely supporting functionally important dy

39 n in the severe FDNPP accident: Melted fuel (molten core)-concrete interactions (MCCIs), incorporatin

40 ume or fireball, it cools and condenses into molten droplets called spherules.

41 tween two molten electrodes and formation of molten droplets.

42 ing the forms in which carbon existed in the molten early Earth is a critical step towards quantifyin

43 nstable due to frequent sticking between two molten electrodes and formation of molten droplets.

44 We find that Li(3) N added to the molten electrolyte promotes the spontaneous and simultan

45 The use of a localized molten environment and near-eutectic mixing of elemental

46 The molten events are constrained to individual particles, m

47 rmula: see text] does not crystallize out of molten Fe-Si-O at the core-mantle boundary.

48 Direct visualization at 1873 K of 0% to 8% molten FeAl droplets suspended in a SiO2 enriched oxide

49 ('/' = physisorbed, '-' = chemisorbed), from molten Field's metal (Bi-In-Sn) and Bi-Sn alloys.

50 ) high entropy alloy (HEA) after exposure to molten FLiBe salt at 700 degrees C for 1000 hours, has b

51 s intergranular corrosion of Ni-Cr alloys in molten fluoride salt at 650 degrees C.

52 d to discourage the dissolution of Cr in the molten fluoride salts which is widely recognized as the

53 Synthetic reactions in molten fluxes have proven to be an excellent route to ne

54 0-0.26, y = 0-4.0) has been isolated from a molten gallium flux reaction.

55 bove 650 degrees C, Ag(+) dissolves into the molten glass frit - key for enabling deposition of metal

56 ated frits are used), which are converted to molten glass in a continuous electrical glass-melting fu

57 cap, a layer of reacting feed on top of the molten glass.

58 Dry molten globular (DMG) intermediates, an expanded form of

59 he first variant was only weakly active, had molten globular characteristics, and was monomeric at 25

60 at contains an off-pathway intermediate with molten globular characteristics.

61 to function as a monomer, and the ability of molten globular proteins to carry out complex reactions.

62 emin disassociation from partially unfolded, molten globular species during early disassembly and lat

63 a model peptide that exists in the bulk as a molten globular state consisting of many interconverting

64 n of an early crust, and the protein in this molten globular state creates a cohesive network encapsu

65 rarr2;MG) leading to a transiently populated molten globule (MG) state.

66 f the folding transitions from native (N) to molten globule (MG) to kinetic intermediates (U) pathway

67 rmediates, of which an important type is the molten globule (MG).

68 The molten globule +8 shows a very specific transition.

69 context of previous studies of the alpha-LA molten globule and can be used to reconcile apparent dis

70 ce, the slowest step is unfolding of the wet molten globule and involves a solvated transition state.

71 ng to misfolding, the barrier separating the molten globule and native states increases, although the

72 guiding a large structural transition from a molten globule apo-state to a compact holoconformation.

73 e the structural preferences of the alpha-LA molten globule at pH 7 at the level of individual residu

74 We propose that "local" molten globule behavior optimizes detoxication enzymes.

75 The molten globule characteristics of NCBD are thus restrict

76 that the almost fully folded protein retains molten globule characteristics with severe NMR line broa

77 onclude that at pH 4-5, 3betaHSD2 takes on a molten globule conformation that promotes the dual funct

78 illebrand disease mutations induce misfolded molten globule conformations of the A1 domain.

79 of the A1 domain to misfold to pathological molten globule conformations that differentially alter t

80 assumption that many other proteins populate molten globule folding intermediates.

81 ically structured energy landscape to form a molten globule in a few seconds.

82 d Escherichia coli enzyme, which exists as a molten globule in the absence of ligands, and a well fol

83 sion to VWF in hemostasis, unfolds through a molten globule intermediate in an apparent three-state m

84 L/ES and protease Lon compete for binding to molten globule intermediate of DHFR, resulting in a pecu

85 tes the formation of a compact and transient molten globule intermediate state.

86 ter than that observed for the highly pliant molten globule intermediate states.

87 state); this large compliance means that the molten globule is more deformable and the unfolding rate

88 te may not be the best model for the kinetic molten globule observed during refolding of alpha-LA.

89 fferences from the well-characterized pH 4.1 molten globule of apoMb.

90 s, we show that the dense phase has either a molten globule or a crystalline structure, depending on

91 oinhibition where the activation box and the molten globule region act synergistically to impair the

92 The molten globule region and the activation box become less

93 onal autoinhibitory element in the form of a molten globule region within the linker between RGSL and

94 ion of the structure, generating a monomeric molten globule species that retains its native helical c

95 sed NMR studies reveal that OBP4 exists in a molten globule state and binding of indole induces a dra

96 The dynamics of the acid unfolded and molten globule state are similar in the framework of the

97 es to capture the formation of the ephemeral molten globule state in protein L, which has never been

98 s in the pressure range of 0-3 kbar, where a molten globule state is formed.

99 nfolded and presence of alpha-helices in the molten globule state lead to internal friction to a simi

100 modynamically unstable and several acquire a molten globule state near human physiological temperatur

101 zation by direct binding to concavity in the molten globule state of a protein.

102 onsistent with an experimental report of the molten globule state of ApoE4, simulations identify mult

103 Unlike natively folded proteins, the molten globule state of apomyoglobin is compliant (large

104 transitions observed in PimA might reflect a molten globule state that confers to PimA, a higher affi

105 into the membrane, which is favoured by the molten globule state under investigated acidic condition

106 At pH 3, the ovotransferrin adopted a molten globule state, associated with a significant incr

107 a class of intermediates referred to as the molten globule state.

108 Model proteins can exist in native and molten globule states and participate in functional and

109 eased exchange protection in the equilibrium molten globule states near pH 4.

110 ated the response to force of the native and molten globule states of apomyoglobin along different pu

111 myoglobin, for the unfolded and even for the molten globule states, models from polymer science are e

112 ical unfolding pathways at low force akin to molten globule states.

113 ixtures of folded and unfolded species or as molten globule states.

114 for the establishment of new topologies and molten globule states; their effects, however, can be in

115 This transition from the helical molten globule to beta-conformation has striking similar

116 ther proteins that were observed to sample a molten globule under similar conditions.

117 esidual secondary structures, free NCBD is a molten globule with a helical content similar to that in

118 st in a wide range of conformations or in a "molten globule" state.

119 long-distance contacts, thus resembling the "molten globule" state.

120 on of bis-ANS to quantify the population of "molten globule" states.

121 ics ascribed to the recently postulated "dry molten globule".

122 erent states: native-like, partially folded (molten globule) and completely unfolded, following two d

123 The molten globule, a conformational ensemble with significa

124 re becomes solvated only later in a late wet molten globule, IL, which precedes the unfolded form.

125 e of apoMb at pH 6 has been referred to as a molten globule, the data presented here reveal significa

126 hione transferase A1-1 (GSTA1-1), exploits a molten globule-like active site to achieve remarkable ca

127 lowed by progressive unfolding of a compact, molten globule-like denatured state ensemble as the temp

128 weakly structured regions, such as loops and molten globule-like domains that are inaccessible in con

129 tudied helix formation in the binding of the molten globule-like nuclear coactivator binding domain a

130 domain, despite its reported aggregation and molten globule-like properties.

131 Induction of a low-pH-induced, molten globule-like state inhibited glycolipid intermemb

132 the photoactivated form of OCP represents a molten globule-like state that is characterized by incre

133 autoinhibited homodimeric chaperones adopt a molten globule-like state that transiently exposes the s

134 ures up to 200MPa resulted in a structurally molten globule-like state where PepX maintained its seco

135 In its molten globule-like state, the domain resists degradatio

136 0, generating a conformationally fluctuating molten globule-like state.

137 s fully synthesized, without collapsing into molten globule-like states or forming stable intermediat

138 Thus, NaClO(4) denatures by inducing a molten globule-like structure that seems completely off-

139 rmation of arrestin-1, possibly to a dynamic molten globule-like structure.

140 large tetrameric enzyme DAHP synthase to a 'molten globule-like' region surrounding the active site.

141 is shown to possess a novel combination of a molten globule-type C-terminal domain and an N-terminal

142 o folding that has long been thought to be a molten globule.

143 tive conformation reminiscent of the protein molten globule.

144 of the alpha-domain to the stability of the molten globule.

145 e entry domain exhibits characteristics of a molten globule.

146 Thus, it has some features of a molten globule.

147 Apart from the native state, native-like and molten-globule states have been identified; these states

148 In order to understand the origins of this molten-globule-like compaction, we have characterized a

149 adopted by these intermediates, also called molten globules (MG), to understand protein folding.

150 suggest that these are general properties of molten globules and could have important implications fo

151 unt for the dramatic compaction observed for molten globules and the "physiological" unfolded state.

152 results suggest that the rapid formation of molten globules and the variable behavior of those globu

153 -bundle protein that forms collapsed, stable molten globules but lacks a uniquely folded structure-tr

154 ce in comparisons of equilibrium and kinetic molten globules of other proteins.

155 distributions for pressure- and pH-populated molten globules shows them to be remarkably similar desp

156 myloid fibril formation, and not with stable molten globules states or amorphously aggregating specie

157 artially folded intermediate states, such as molten globules, are compliant and can deform elasticall

158 e disulfide bridges and the establishment of molten globules.

159 ed to produce partially unfolded equilibrium molten globules.

160 ty of the core, suggesting that they are dry molten globules.

161 ocess results in the formation of aggregated molten globules.

162 ers maintaining properties of intermolecular molten globules.

163 However, the use of molten gold is not favoured by industry, owing to its hi

164 wn the growth of single-crystal hBN films on molten gold surfaces(4) or bulk copper foils(5).

165 or guest entrapment in these hexamers, using molten guest molecules as solvent and allowing the capsu

166 Water is efficiently split to hydrogen by molten hydroxide electrolysis, and chlorine, sodium, and

167 oduced by electrolysis of air and steam in a molten hydroxide suspension of nano-Fe2O3.

168 Notably, the appearance of molten In(0) coincides with the onset of catalyst deacti

169 The molten ink undergoes directional solidification upon pri

170 e, salt melt synthesis (SMS) which employs a molten inorganic salt as the medium emerges as an import

171 ng substitution and elimination reactions in molten inorganic salts.

172 c materials) form stable colloids in various molten inorganic salts.

173 thought to arise from thermal convection of molten iron alloy in the outer core, but recent density

174 stably stratified layer is immiscibility in molten iron alloy systems, which has yet to be demonstra

175 ure-evolution of nickel partitioning between molten iron and molten silicates, indicating that melt c

176 potassiophobic experiments demonstrate that molten K fully wets rGO@3D-Cu after 6 s, but does not we

177 to obtain the pair distribution function of molten K(2)S(5) and model the length of S(n)(2-) chains

178 Hawai'i injected millions of cubic meters of molten lava into the nutrient-poor waters of the North P

179 we interpret the conductor to be a partially molten layer capped by an impermeable frozen lid that is

180 s well experimental data on the width of the molten layer versus temperature for the Al plane surface

181 We discovered that molten Li metal can infuse into the straight channels of

182 nsforms CO2-gas dissolved in a 750 degrees C molten Li2CO3, by electrolysis, into O2-gas at a nickel

183 Molten LiCl and related eutectic electrolytes are known

184 n in solid matrix and rising red emission in molten liquid phase.

185 there are no known examples of solvent-less (molten) liquids of functional metalloproteins.

186 e employed is stable against highly reactive molten lithium and, via a conformal layer of zinc oxide

187 coating to render the surface lithiophilic, molten lithium can be drawn into the matrix, affording a

188 In a pure molten lithium carbonate electrolyte, thicker walled CNT

189 that the addition of calcium carbonate to a molten lithium carbonate supports the electrosynthesis o

190 ng metallic lithium anode design by infusing molten lithium into a polymeric matrix.

191 r(1.4) Ta(0.6) O(12) solid-electrolyte-based molten lithium-molybdenum-iron(II) chloride battery (den

192 trong coupling between n in K(2)S(n) and the molten local structure, implying that the S(n)(2-) chain

193 The semi-molten M7C3 carbide contains unmelted shell and several

194 s semimetallic at the conditions of the deep molten mantle of early Earth and super-Earths, raising t

195 th different pore structures as preforms for molten metal (Al alloy) infiltration.

196 ture metals (In, Ga, Sn, Pb), produce stable molten metal alloy catalysts for pyrolysis of methane in

197 xtent of iron isotopic fractionation between molten metal and silicate under high pressure-temperatur

198 Redox media of molten carbonate or molten metal facilitating the transportation of ions off

199 were thermally decomposed in the presence of molten metal nanoparticles and coordinating ligands.

200 Both SLS and VLS methods make use of molten metal nanoparticles to catalyse the nucleation an

201 nanoparticle self-stabilization mechanism in molten metal.

202 Solid-electrolyte-based molten-metal batteries have attracted considerable atten

203 tly after the birth of the Solar System, the molten metallic cores of many small planetary bodies con

204 Molten mixtures of lithium chloride and metallic lithium

205 es on reproducible Raman spectra recorded on molten mixtures whose compositions are identical to thos

206 e-mantle equilibration in a largely to fully molten Moon.

207 gy, the crystallographic structure, the semi-molten morphology and the stacking faults of the primary

208 lumina content from the Raman spectra of the molten NaF-AlF3-CaF2-Al2O3 electrolytes.

209 ecific energy of 1,579 Wh kg(-1), in which a molten nitrate salt serves as both an active material an

210 ature Li/O2 battery using a lithium anode, a molten nitrate-based electrolyte (e.g., LiNO3-KNO3 eutec

211 revents conformational rearrangements within molten oligomers that enable de novo prionogenesis and c

212 We introduce the use of pure molten ortho-phosphoric acid (o-H3PO4) as an electrolyte

213 Molten oxide electrolysis (MOE) is an electrometallurgic

214 n proposed to serve as the "inert" anode for molten oxide electrolysis (MOE).

215 nge due to material exchange in liquid metal-molten oxide systems is presented.

216 Cooling rates of molten PbTe-CdTe compositions play a determinant role in

217 ound that the metal coating dissolved in the molten piece of Li and diffused into the bulk Li metal,

218 t is possible to dissolve these compounds in molten poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), having a hydroxyvale

219 eta-alumina as the electrolyte to separate a molten potassium metal anode and a sulfur cathode is pre

220 The porosity of the partially molten region beneath ocean ridges is therefore controll

221 ash-form tektites, glassy stones formed from molten rock ejected from asteroid impacts.

222 med olivine aggregates and sheared partially molten rocks.

223 oes erupt volatiles such as water instead of molten rocks.

224 tanding of transport properties in partially molten rocks.

225 ng-ranged charge-density oscillations in the molten salt around solute particles, preventing their ag

226 the nitrate anion in a lithium nitrate-based molten salt at 150 degrees C.

227 l nuclear fuel reprocessing, metal refining, molten salt batteries and electric power cells.

228 review summarizes recent achievements in the molten salt electrochemistry of silicon, highlighting su

229 ery comprising a negative electrode of Mg, a molten salt electrolyte (MgCl(2)-KCl-NaCl), and a positi

230 on anode immersed in an immiscible secondary molten salt electrolyte disposed above molten stibnite,

231 ctromagnetic field, and the highly corrosive molten salt electrolyte to deal with.

232 rises a liquid lithium negative electrode, a molten salt electrolyte, and a liquid antimony-lead allo

233 ide, is stable and moderately soluble in the molten salt electrolyte.

234 earch in the field with alkali metal nitrate molten salt electrolytes and operate the battery above t

235 ical behavior of europium(III) chloride in a molten salt eutectic, 3LiCl-2KCl, over a temperature ran

236 via a one-step electrodeposition process in molten salt for possible photovoltaic applications.

237 The non-molten salt ion exchange method used to prepare Li2Mg2P3

238 ofluid type colloidal suspension of Li8 in a molten salt matrix.

239 al sensor for lanthanides and actinides into molten salt media.

240 This study provides direct evidence of the molten salt state of Na2 WO4 , which can form OH radical

241 This reaction may proceed on molten salt state surfaces owing to the lower melting po

242 e-crystalline hexagonal plates by coupling a molten salt synthesis with ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (U

243 presented with emphasis on hydrothermal and molten salt synthesis.

244 t lower temperatures can be applied to other molten salt systems and is also promising for waste glas

245 Using carefully monitored molten salt techniques, it was possible to eradicate the

246 llic, solvothermal/hydrothermal, templating, molten salt, and sol-gel methods.

247 steel due to the dissolution of Mn into the molten salt.

248 of high-quality Si films from a CaCl2 -based molten salt.

249 l deposition of silicon p-n junctions all in molten salt.

250 Here, we show that a molten-salt flux scheme can be used to synthesize large

251 of control, robustness, and scalability, the molten-salt flux scheme can provide high-quality TiO2 na

252 safety, which is different from traditional molten-salt Li metal batteries using a pristine metallic

253 Here, we report molten-salt syntheses of NiO particles exposing a variet

254 Molten salts (MSs) are an attractive medium for chemical

255 degrees C by using low-melting-point ternary molten salts CaCl2 -MgCl2 -NaCl, which still retains hig

256 ate-temperature (200 to 350 degrees Celsius) molten salts containing caesium or potassium cations ena

257 ids since the literature on room temperature molten salts experienced the rapid increase in number of

258 Proposals relying on fluoride-based molten salts have suffered from low product quality due

259 of dopants and silicon at the seed level in molten salts medium.

260 nic liquids are a family of non-conventional molten salts that can act as templates and precursors to

261 bundant and inexpensive Si source soluble in molten salts, at a low temperature of 650 degrees C by u

262 on mobilities as high as those in liquids or molten salts, have been employed as solid-state electrol

263 Carbonate liquids are an important class of molten salts, not just for industrial applications, but

264 in investigating the structure of corrosive molten salts, such as the cryolite-based melts widely us

265 eactivity and unfavorably high solubility in molten salts.

266 Initial oxidation produces a molten silica shell that acts as an autocatalytic 'nanor

267 core in the early Earth was surrounded by a molten silicate layer, a basal magma ocean that may have

268 nickel partitioning between molten iron and molten silicates, indicating that melt compressibility c

269 to the core, forming a large phase-separated molten silicon domain that is drawn into the crystalline

270 idge that we interpret as originating from a molten sill at present accreting the lower oceanic crust

271 xplained either by the presence of partially molten sills or frozen gabbroic sills.

272 We report the results of a study of molten sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) which combines high ene

273 (4) forms by the reaction of CuO and Cu in a molten sodium polyselenide flux, with the existence of C

274 the current work, the physical chemistry of molten solutions of lithium chloride and metallic lithiu

275 ndrules are the millimetre-scale, previously molten, spherules found in most meteorites.

276 , a major step towards obtaining data on the molten state.

277 s C to maintain the metallic electrodes in a molten state.

278 [2+2] addition have focused on solid-state, molten-state, or host-guest systems under ultraviolet-li

279 While glasses formed by quenching the molten states of inorganic non-metallic, organic, and me

280 rocess that directly converts semiconducting molten stibnite (Sb2S3) into pure (99.9%) liquid antimon

281 ndary molten salt electrolyte disposed above molten stibnite, thereby blocking electronic shorting ac

282 ntimony pools beneath cathodically polarized molten stibnite.

283 another and indicate that the dimers adopt a molten structure.

284 Applying the diode laser, molten substrate material is incorporated into the glass

285 the practical SiGe device applications, the Molten Target Sputtering (MTS) techniques is developed.

286 nformation, in contrast to the hypothesis of molten tertiary packing.

287 If partially molten, the shallower sill would define the base of a th

288 the melting temperature unless all solid is molten, thus nanoparticles have sharp melting peaks duri

289 ography (EUV) for the chip production, where molten tin is used to generate the EUV radiation.

290 in 4-ethylpyridine, tri-n-butylphosphine, or molten tri-n-octylphosphine oxide solution results in na

291 es (>3140 kelvin) and chemical reactivity of molten UO2 have prevented structural studies.

292 ution function measurements of hot solid and molten UO2.

293 equation that accounts for the spreading of molten wax in paper.

294 led surface; in inkjet printing, where often molten wax is used; in additive manufacturing or metal-p

295 nd CdTe compound semiconductors dissolved in molten ZnCl(2) and equimolar CdCl(2)-KCl, respectively,

296 tion between dimensionless micro-hardness of molten zone (H*) and dimensionless laser energy density(

297 sionless, a monitoring system of hardness of molten zone was established; by testing under different

298 ns for both emission spectra and hardness of molten zone were researched in this work.

299 a method to monitor the properties of laser molten zone, in this paper, the AISI4140 steel samples w

300 ensity of spectral line with the hardness of molten zone, the method of dimensionless analysis was us