ライフサイエンスコーパス: mucus

1 ts showed better penetrability of the piglet mucus.

2 f mucin, the primary structural component of mucus.

3 a host-variable protective role in secreted mucus.

4 the propagation of bacteria-born diseases in mucus.

5 search for proteases that process intestinal mucus.

6 but could be identified in freshly prepared mucus.

7 major nonmucin proteins found in intestinal mucus.

8 he encounter rates of phage with bacteria in mucus.

9 ked glycans that form the 3D scaffold inside mucus.

10 egraders in favour of species that thrive on mucus.

11 hat the alarm substance can be isolated from mucus.

12 y displayed on cell surfaces and in secreted mucus.

13 ARS-CoV-2 virions, added to in vitro derived mucus.

14 CD163(high) subset than the other subset and mucus.

15 e microorganisms cause infections in healthy mucus(1), suggesting that mechanisms exist in the mucus

16 and biophysical properties of bronchiectasis mucus; 2) identify the secreted mucins contained in bron

17 secreted mucins contained in bronchiectasis mucus; 3) relate mucus properties to airway epithelial m

18 is bronchiectasis is characterized by airway mucus accumulation and sputum production, but the role o

19 In addition to respiratory impairment due to mucus accumulation, viruses and bacteria trigger acute p

20 cells (MCCs) generates a directional flow of mucus across epithelia.

21 Both mucus-adjacent and luminal communities are influenced by

22 However, the molecular mechanisms by which mucus affords this protection are unclear.

23 l cells connected by tight junctions secrete mucus, airway surface lining fluid, host defense peptide

24 of the probe particles in adult human ileal mucus and adult pig jejunal and ileal mucus revealed no

25 N-glycans that were localized to regions of mucus and alveolar-bronchiolar hyperplasia, proliferatio

26 cell growth and permeability, production of mucus and antimicrobial proteins (AMPs), and complement

27 mechanical obstruction of the airways due to mucus and cell debris, and increased risk of recurrent w

28 ation, enabling drug penetration through the mucus and efficient transporter-mediated epithelial abso

29 penetration of drugs through the intestinal mucus and epithelial cell layer, leading to low absorpti

30 chronic colonization in the face of constant mucus and epithelial cell turnover in the stomach is unc

31 le DNA involves swabbing the skin to collect mucus and epithelial cells.

32 nt role in fluid homeostasis and helps flush mucus and inhaled pathogens/toxicants out of the lung.

33 cin is the primary constituent of intestinal mucus and plays critical protective roles against lumina

34 f the interactions between human respiratory mucus and the human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae.

35 regulates the structural arrangement of the mucus and thereby takes part in the regulation of mucus

36 yl hydrolase (BF3134) were highly induced in mucus and tissue compared to bacteria in the lumen.

37 oides fragilis genome by 48- and 154-fold in mucus and tissue, respectively, allowing for high-fideli

38 al properties that govern the interplay with mucus and tissues is crucial for the rational design of

39 2 is expressed in basal, intermediate, club, mucus, and ciliated cells; 3) ACE2 is upregulated in the

40 x with free-swimming bacteria in the surface mucus, and they compete for space and prevent newcomers

41 ulsion through complex media (such as blood, mucus, and vitreous) as well as deep tissue imaging and

42 and elongated tracer particles imaging, that mucus anisotropy and heterogeneity depend on how mechani

43 n of these genes impaired in vitro growth on mucus as a carbon source, as well as mucosal colonizatio

44 mucus production, leading to an increase in mucus-associated bacteria and resistance to enteropathog

45 We hypothesized that select mucus-associated bacteria would promote C difficile colo

46 crobiota, little is understood regarding how mucus-associated microbes interact with C difficile.

47 potential of these factors to strengthen the mucus barrier and thus protect against disease.

48 Hence, a potential role of Pic in mucus barrier disruption during EAEC infection has been

49 f2), preventing maturation of the protective mucus barrier in the small intestine.

50 crobes and underlying tissues, variations in mucus barrier properties with NEC-associated risk factor

51 l that is RALDH(-) and secretes a mucin-like mucus barrier protein (FcgammaBP).

52 -S-LYS and N-S-DHA pups had a less permeable mucus barrier relative to N-S pups, which suggests the p

53 d glucose levels displayed a healthy colonic mucus barrier, indicating that the mucus defect is obesi

54 m by which an enteric virus can regulate the mucus barrier, induce functional changes to commensal mi

55 by mucosal pathogens requires overcoming the mucus barrier.

56 nts drugs and particles from penetrating the mucus barrier.

57 ecialized epithelial cells that maintain the mucus barrier.

58 for absorption of the antibiotic across the mucus barrier.

59 nt biological barriers (mucin/human tracheal mucus, biofilm), leading to complete eradication of PA b

60 eins is critical to better understand airway mucus biology and improve the management of lung disease

61 ding pathogens, secretion and composition of mucus building blocks, and inflammatory response).

62 riers should not only rapidly diffuse across mucus, but also bind the epithelium.

63 wever, there is a lack of evidence the human mucus can be reliably substituted by animal counterparts

64 cal barrier, emerging evidence suggests that mucus can directly suppress virulence-associated traits

65 n, T helper 2/T helper 17 cytokine response, mucus cell hyperplasia, and airway hyperresponsiveness i

66 In ovine models of mucus clearance (tracheal mucus velocity and mucociliary

67 ical for proper airway surface hydration and mucus clearance and the regulation of TGFbeta signaling,

68 ases epithelial fluid secretion and enhances mucus clearance independent of CFTR function.

69 del that mimics the physiological process of mucus clearance, pretargeting increased the amount of PE

70 Excessive mucus clogs small airways and reduces pulmonary function

71 When tested in a mucus-coated Caco-2 culture model that mimics the physio

72 alidates the use of porcine small intestinal mucus collected from fully-grown pigs for studying collo

73 t butyrate stimulated human beta defensin-3, mucus components and tight junctions expression in human

74 This study explored differences in mucus composition (total protein, DNA, mucin content, si

75 monstrate that changes in the microbiota and mucus composition are concomitant with tumourigenesis.

76 ives: This study was designed to: 1) measure mucus concentration and biophysical properties of bronch

77 y reduced non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis mucus concentration by 5%.Conclusions: Hyperconcentrated

78 ation and sputum production, but the role of mucus concentration in the pathogenesis of these abnorma

79 teria encounter rates in mucus for different mucus concentrations.

80 ural and functional framework of respiratory mucus, conferring both viscoelastic and antimicrobial pr

81 In mice, we found that colon mucus consists of two distinct O-glycosylated entities o

82 Parasite-specific IgM in mucus could only be elicited after challenge of the GDCI

83 -) rat has revealed insights into the airway mucus defect characteristic of CF but does not replicate

84 y colonic mucus barrier, indicating that the mucus defect is obesity- rather than glucose-mediated.

85 increased R. intestinalis, and reduction of mucus-degraders.

86 e identify mouse gut commensals that utilize mucus-derived monosaccharides within complex communities

87 ens, including Clostridioides difficile, use mucus-derived sugars as crucial nutrients in the gut.

88 analyses, the emergent subdiffusion of T4 in mucus did not enhance the encounter rate of T4 against b

89 role in human physiology, including sweeping mucus, dirt and debris out of the respiratory tract.

90 d fascinating mating behavior, with secreted mucus emitting bluish-green light.

91 ngs that enable penetration through human CF mucus ex vivo with ~600-fold better penetration than con

92 a loach could not only secrete a lubricating mucus film, but also importantly, retain its mucus well

93 In shallow mucus films, we observe bacteria reversing their swimmin

94 ight zone giant larvaceans secrete and build mucus filtering structures that can reach diameters of m

95 o describe phage-bacteria encounter rates in mucus for different mucus concentrations.

96 e difficult-to-obtain human small intestinal mucus for investigating the intramucus transport of drug

97 Mucus forms the first line of defence while housing tril

98 hat reconstructs three-dimensional models of mucus forms.

99 nd 21 lipid mediators were measured in nasal mucus from 109 patients with CRSwNP, 30 patients with AE

100 In scientific research, mucus from animal sources is usually used to simulate di

101 amine the heterogeneity and penetrability of mucus from different sources.

102 biochemical properties both in vitro and in mucus from mouse and human colon biopsy samples.

103 Collecting mucus from tissue and subjecting it to freezing and thaw

104 previous studies predominantly investigated mucus function during high-caloric/low-fiber dietary int

105 As such, we decided to examine mucus function in mouse models with metabolic disease to

106 A layer of mucus functions to segregate contents of the intestinal

107 A slimy, hydrated mucus gel lines all wet epithelia in the human body, inc

108 nd increased protein concentration decreased mucus gel volume and increased mucus strand elasticity a

109 show that in cystic fibrosis, airway gland mucus gels form under conditions of high acidity and pro

110 filaments in the pale acinar cells by myriad mucus granules.

111 Co-housing rescued the defect of the mucus growth rate, whereas mucus penetrability displayed

112 zed by increased penetrability and a reduced mucus growth rate.

113 his report, a procedure for collecting human mucus has been described.

114 tively, our findings suggest that intestinal mucus helps limit the shaping of the TCR repertoire of d

115 A2) is a transcription factor that regulates mucus homeostasis in the airways.

116 fungal pneumonia and FOXA2-regulated airway mucus homeostasis.

117 d airway surface liquid volume improved, and mucus hyperconcentration and cellular inflammation decre

118 ession; and 4) explore relationships between mucus hyperconcentration and disease severity.Methods: S

119 ed losartan rescued both mucus transport and mucus hyperconcentration and reduced TGF-beta1.Conclusio

120 prolonged tracheal mucus velocity reduction, mucus hyperconcentration, and increased TGF-beta1.

121 As mucus hyperexpression is a key component in the initiati

122 goblet cell hyperplasia and metaplasia, and mucus hypersecretion in the airways.

123 urther understanding of the role of FOXA2 in mucus hypersecretion may lead to novel therapeutics agai

124 ology, including on airway epithelial cells, mucus hypersecretion, and airway remodelling, and conseq

125 signaling, extracellular matrix production, mucus hypersecretion, and eosinophil activation.

126 rol Test scores, frequent history of chronic mucus hypersecretion, and frequent use of oral corticost

127 While inflammation, fibrosis, mucus hypersecretion, and metaplastic epithelial lesions

128 inflammatory cell infiltrate and mediators, mucus hypersecretion, and serum total IgE.

129 ary nerves to decrease airway resistance and mucus hypersecretion.Objectives: To determine the safety

130 Overall, these results shed light on how mucus impacts P. aeruginosa behavior, and may inspire no

131 lead to novel therapeutics against excessive mucus in both human and veterinary patients with pulmona

132 f modified Sia in mouse tissues, on secreted mucus in saliva, and on erythrocytes, including those fr

133 The potential role of intestinal mucus in stabilizing drug supersaturation, however, has

134 the overall profiles recorded for the native mucus in the tissue.

135 position of CD14(+)CD11c(+) macrophages from mucus in two phyla (Proteobacteria [p = 0.01] and Actino

136 The physiochemical characteristics of mucus induce flocculation of emulsion droplets, which co

137 thy biopsies, displayed consistent bacterial mucus invasion and biofilm formation in mouse colons.

138 Mucus-invasive bacterial biofilms are identified on the

139 The small intestinal mucus is a complex colloidal system that coats the intes

140 Mucus is a densely populated ecological niche that coats

141 Mucus is a gel-like material comprised mainly of the gly

142 Airways obstruction with thick, adherent mucus is a pathophysiologic and clinical feature of muco

143 by 5%.Conclusions: Hyperconcentrated airway mucus is characteristic of subjects with bronchiectasis,

144 uct the extracellular complex glycocalyx and mucus is poorly understood and a future biochemical chal

145 Mucus is responsible for controlling transport and barri

146 rface of underwater machinery cannot secrete mucus, it should be designed by imitating the bionic mic

147 The inner mucus layer (IML) is a critical barrier that protects th

148 The host's conversion of MUC2 to the outer mucus layer allows bacteria to degrade the mucin glycans

149 To create a model of the human intestinal mucus layer and gut microbiota, we used bioreactors inoc

150 lmo2776 mutant leads to a thinner intestinal mucus layer and higher Listeria loads both in the intest

151 ilm distribution, greater penetration of the mucus layer and increased colonization of the colonic ep

152 ving evolved traits to invade the epithelial mucus layer and reside deep within the intestinal tissue

153 ity or the thickness of the small-intestinal mucus layer but, in contrast to P9 wild-type pups, enabl

154 Regulation of the intestinal mucus layer by goblet cells is important for preventing

155 rentiated colonoids, which produce an intact mucus layer comprised of the secreted mucin MUC2, reveal

156 Defects in the mucus layer have been linked to metabolic diseases, but

157 pathogen E. coli K1 to enter the compromised mucus layer in the distal small intestine prior to syste

158 The intestinal mucus layer is a physical barrier separating the tremend

159 med that Siglec-8 ligand on the human airway mucus layer is an isoform of DMBT1 carrying O-linked sia

160 the major Siglec-8 sialoglycan ligand on the mucus layer of human airways.

161 The thick mucus layer of the gut provides a barrier to infiltratio

162 Pic degraded MUC2, it did not show improved mucus layer penetration or colonization of the colonic e

163 Human upper airway mucus layer proteins were recovered during presurgical n

164 y old) was characterized by a more permeable mucus layer relative to 21 day old pups, suggesting imma

165 The gastrointestinal mucus layer represents the last barrier between ingested

166 dent in the large intestine, where the inner mucus layer separates the numerous commensal bacteria fr

167 But virus also undergoes advection: as the mucus layer sitting atop the PCF is pushed along by the

168 of T1D is associated with alterations of the mucus layer structure and loss of gut barrier integrity.

169 (ob/ob) mice have a defective inner colonic mucus layer that is characterized by increased penetrabi

170 All mucosae are characterized by an outer mucus layer that protects the underlying cells from phys

171 (1), suggesting that mechanisms exist in the mucus layer that regulate virulence.

172 al cells creates an oxygen gradient from the mucus layer to the anaerobic lumen [L.

173 ith VacA, including reduction of the gastric mucus layer, and increased vacuolation of parietal cells

174 to the epithelial surface and the overlying mucus layer, the pneumococcus undergoes micro-invasion o

175 ducts are normally transported to the airway mucus layer, which is lost during tissue preparation.

176 difficile and F nucleatum in the intestinal mucus layer.

177 oxygen available to bacteria growing at the mucus layer.

178 study the interaction of pathogens with the mucus layer.

179 community, concomitant with depletion of the mucus layer.

180 s from IDO1-TG mice were 2-fold thicker than mucus layers from control mice, with increased proportio

181 Intestinal mucus layers from IDO1-TG mice were 2-fold thicker than

182 rt patients 60 years and older had increased mucus levels of IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha when

183 otype to learn how to avoid or slow down the mucus loss through its body surface.

184 Proteomic analysis of nasal mucus may enable further understanding of protein abunda

185 The modifications of Sia in mucus may therefore have potent effects on the functions

186 s and IL-13-producing ILC2s; and exaggerated mucus metaplasia and airway hyperresponsiveness.

187 s induced pronounced airway inflammation and mucus metaplasia in WT mice, which was nearly completely

188 d and genetic airway diseases, including the mucus metaplasia of asthma, chloride channel dysfunction

189 (STAT6) signaling, airway inflammation, and mucus metaplasia were assessed.

190 cells proliferated near airways and induced mucus metaplasia, airway hyperresponsiveness, and airway

191 onic disorder characterized by inflammation, mucus metaplasia, airway remodeling, and hyperresponsive

192 c, and gob5 mRNA expression, ILC2 expansion, mucus metaplasia, and airway hyperresponsiveness.

193 g tissues and attenuated airway eosinophils, mucus metaplasia, and subepithelial collagen.

194 ced IL-33-induced eosinophilic inflammation, mucus metaplasia, and type 2 inflammatory responses.

195 on and downstream eosinophilic inflammation, mucus metaplasia, and type 2 inflammatory responses.

196 cytokine immune responses, ILC2 number, and mucus metaplasia, while decreasing IL-17 mRNA expression

197 gs, which perpetuate type 2 inflammation and mucus metaplasia.

198 icrobial invasion of intestinal tissues, and mucus modulates interactions between microbes and underl

199 nic saline-induced sputa were collected, and mucus/mucin concentrations were measured.Measurements an

200 Mouse Ano1(-/-)mutants exhibited mucus obstruction and abnormal mucociliary clearance tha

201 er of Th2 immune responses, but its roles in mucus obstruction and related phenotypes in a cystic fib

202 , activate macrophages, contribute to airway mucus obstruction in cystic fibrosis, and facilitate tum

203 ory responses and MUC5AC protein production, mucus obstruction is not dependent on IL-33.

204 dity and mortality related to chronic airway mucus obstruction, inflammation, infection, and progress

205 n, they showed no reduction in the degree of mucus obstruction, MUC5B protein expression, bacterial b

206 data indicate that, in the context of airway mucus obstruction, the adaptive immune system suppresses

207 airway surface liquid layer with persistent mucus obstruction.

208 em contributes to MCM, mucin production, and mucus obstruction.

209 CM, suppressed MUC5B expression, and reduced mucus obstruction.

210 ity (mucous cell metaplasia) associated with mucus obstruction.

211 y MCM, elevated MUC5B expression, and airway mucus obstruction.

212 es comparison of particle diffusivity in the mucus obtained from adult pigs vs. 2-week old piglets sh

213 n intestinal CD14(+)CD11c(+) macrophages and mucus of Crohn's disease patients were separated into di

214 commensal as it colonizes the colonic lumen, mucus or epithelial tissue of mice.

215 nd IL-13, which promote airway eosinophilia, mucus overproduction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR

216 lower than the viscosity of the pig jejunal mucus (P < 0.05).

217 f agglutinated pneumococci and entrapment in mucus particles.

218 the defect of the mucus growth rate, whereas mucus penetrability displayed an intermediate phenotype

219 ctive compounds upon mucosal administration, mucus-penetrating and mucoadhesive particles have been d

220 standard PEG surface chemistries to achieve mucus penetration and address some of the challenges enc

221 to NEC stressors was associated with reduced mucus permeability, which may aid in survival.

222 .4%w/v mucin and 8%w/v native pig intestinal mucus (PIM)) via the solvent-shift method at supersatura

223 Mucus plays crucial roles in higher organisms, from aidi

224 gether with decreases in pulmonary function, mucus plugging and oxygen consumption by host neutrophil

225 nt steroid sensitivity pathways and decrease mucus plugging.

226 itive T2-inflammation associated with severe mucus plugging.

227 target for mucin depolymerization to remove mucus plugs in COPD and other lung pathologies.

228 and thereby takes part in the regulation of mucus processing.

229 angements as well as for the histogenesis of mucus-producing carcinomas.

230 ent parenchymal immune cell infiltration and mucus production for at least 7 wk postinfection.

231 rway pathology, down-regulation of ILC2s and mucus production in asthma.

232 let cells to regulate epithelial renewal and mucus production in mice and humans, but its function in

233 eration, the percentages of eosinophils, and mucus production in the lung.

234 Mucus production was similar in both treatment groups.

235 in-2 expression, IL-4/IL-5/IL-13 production, mucus production) in the airways and lungs was significa

236 e in experimental asthma with reduced airway mucus production, airway hyperresponsiveness and eosinop

237 dust mite (HDM) challenge with decreases in mucus production, cytokine secretion, and collagen depos

238 Consequently, virus infection alters mucus production, leading to an increase in mucus-associ

239 ring neonatal murine RSV infection decreased mucus production, reduced cellular infiltrates to the lu

240 acterized by productive cough with excessive mucus production, resulting in quality-of-life impairmen

241 increasing cytokine/chemokine expression and mucus production, thus demonstrating redundant functions

242 -parasite type 2 immune responses that drive mucus production, tissue remodeling and immune cell infi

243 ay remodeling via STAT3-mediated increase in mucus production, which provide new insight in our under

244 contained in bronchiectasis mucus; 3) relate mucus properties to airway epithelial mucin RNA/protein

245 im was to determine differences in the nasal mucus proteome of healthy patients and patients with CRS

246 icles, and the microviscosity profile of the mucus reflected the overall profiles recorded for the na

247 potential pharmacological targets to control mucus-related pathologies such as cystic fibrosis.

248 retory granules, and their molecular form in mucus remain to be fully elucidated.

249 ileal mucus and adult pig jejunal and ileal mucus revealed no significant differences in microstruct

250 In all, 1142 proteins were identified in mucus samples from healthy patients, 761 in mucus sample

251 mucus samples from healthy patients, 761 in mucus samples from patients with CRSsNP, and 998 in mucu

252 amples from patients with CRSsNP, and 998 in mucus samples from patients with CRSwNP.

253 thma study (N = 285) provided nasopharyngeal mucus samples in the first 2 years of life, during routi

254 el of lung IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, and airway mucus score were also significantly decreased in TSLPR(-

255 ized cell types, including basal stem cells, mucus-secreting goblet cells, motile ciliated cells, cys

256 triggered defensive behavior such as copious mucus secretion and a range of other anomalous behaviors

257 tegrity, regeneration, pathogen-sensing, and mucus secretion.

258 istics of human and porcine small intestinal mucus secretions to sub-micron sized particles have been

259 lti-state lineages that develop into surface mucus secretory and ciliated cells and then contrasts th

260 We find TMPRSS2 is part of a mucus secretory network, highly upregulated by type 2 (T

261 Colon mucus segregates the intestinal microbiota from host tis

262 ion decreased mucus gel volume and increased mucus strand elasticity and tensile strength.

263 Lack of SMGs and mucus strands disrupted mucociliary transport in EDA-KO

264 pical perfusion did not improve clearance of mucus strands from CF airways.

265 ts, airway submucosal glands secrete copious mucus strands to increase mucociliary clearance and prot

266 However, once mucus strands were formed, changing pH or protein concen

267 some activity that controls secretion of the mucus structural component Muc2.

268 CLCA1 can cleave the N-terminal part of the mucus structural component MUC2.

269 he bacterial body is suddenly stopped by the mucus structure, the compression on the flagellar bundle

270 Now that tools exist to study mucus structures found throughout the ocean, we can shed

271 All mucus structures were also visualised by scanning electr

272 is one of the causes of the thick dehydrated mucus that characterizes the disease and is partially re

273 In wild-type pigs, SMGs secrete mucus that emerges onto the airway surface as strands.

274 TR) anion channels produced submucosal gland mucus that was abnormally acidic with an increased prote

275 nate lymphoid cells, IL-33, IL-4, IL-13, and mucus) that directly hinders larval development and redu

276 mucosal tissues, including the structure of mucus, the epithelial barrier, the mucosal-associated ly

277 The ability for intestinal mucus to stabilize drug supersaturation and delay drug p

278 Nebulized losartan rescued both mucus transport and mucus hyperconcentration and reduced

279 pairment of mucociliary parameters including mucus transport in vitro.

280 rface liquid and periciliary layers, delayed mucus transport rates, and increased mucus viscosity, we

281 mal models of airway epithelial function and mucus transport.Measurements and Main Results: Potentiat

282 nisation or microviscosity between the three mucus types (P > 0.05).

283 l transport of sub-micron sized particles in mucus under conditions mimicking the adult human small i

284 In ovine models of mucus clearance (tracheal mucus velocity and mucociliary clearance), inhaled ETX00

285 id containing nicotine also reduced tracheal mucus velocity in a dose-dependent manner and elevated p

286 3 days, which resulted in prolonged tracheal mucus velocity reduction, mucus hyperconcentration, and

287 Sheep tracheal mucus velocity, an in vivo measure of mucociliary cleara

288 he effects of e-cig liquid on sheep tracheal mucus velocity.Conclusions: Our findings show that inhal

289 icrofluidic model of submucosal glands using mucus vesicles from banana slugs.

290 irway surface liquid hydration and increased mucus viscosity of human bronchial epithelial cells in a

291 delayed mucus transport rates, and increased mucus viscosity, were normalized after the administratio

292 kes-Einstein viscosity of the piglet jejunal mucus was approx. two times lower than the viscosity of

293 Nasal mucus was obtained from healthy patients, patients with

294 rritation assay revealed that a low level of mucus was secreted by slugs indicating moderate mucosal

295 To test whether these variables alter mucus, we produced a microfluidic model of submucosal gl

296 mucus film, but also importantly, retain its mucus well from losing rapidly through its surface micro

297 t challenge due to concentrated viscoelastic mucus, which prevents drugs and particles from penetrati

298 ), urgent BM (UC 82.5%/CD 63.9%), passage of mucus with BM (UC 67.7%/CD 36.9%), passage of blood from

299 Of note, incubation of mucus with HD-5 resulted in 255-8,000 new antimicrobial

300 Co-infecting hypoxic regions of static mucus within CF airways, together with decreases in pulm