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1 e equivalent and independent (no positive or negative cooperativity).
2 nges that precluded additional interactions (negative cooperativity).
3 ty, and drug binding within the dimer (i.e., negative cooperativity).
4 tide symmetry consistent with the absence of negative cooperativity.
5 to a lower binding affinity and the observed negative cooperativity.
6 nt binding can exhibit positive, neutral, or negative cooperativity.
7 y for binding of the second ligand, and thus negative cooperativity.
8 domain mediates the allostery underlying the negative cooperativity.
9 and K(2) = 3.1 x 10(6) M(-1), indicative of negative cooperativity.
10 and binding to subsequent sites occurs with negative cooperativity.
11 e of high- and low-affinity binding sites or negative cooperativity.
12 receptor monomers, but are not necessary for negative cooperativity.
13 binds cofactor via a sequential model, with negative cooperativity.
14 opulations of intermediates, consistent with negative cooperativity.
15 y would be that the two substrates bind with negative cooperativity.
16 the filling of only one ring owing to strong negative cooperativity.
17 ude less tightly at another site, suggesting negative cooperativity.
18 a Hill coefficient of 0.7+/-0.1, indicating negative cooperativity.
19 h- and low-affinity subunits in the dimer or negative cooperativity.
20 the R39Q mutant with cis,cis-muconate showed negative cooperativity.
21 suggesting that pathway activation involves negative cooperativity.
22 insulin) without disproportionate changes in negative cooperativity.
23 sites occurs without substantial positive or negative cooperativity.
24 g region 2 loop of the Vbeta domain, exhibit negative cooperativity.
25 icating that part of this shortfall reflects negative cooperativity.
26 yzed, all of which lead to the conclusion of negative cooperativity.
27 minobenzyl-DTPA were biphasic, indicative of negative cooperativity.
28 rative) kinetics, positive cooperativity, or negative cooperativity.
29 interaction actually occurs with significant negative cooperativity.
30 inds sequentially two molecules of cAMP with negative cooperativity.
31 irectly bind at least two ATP molecules with negative cooperativity.
32 rial domains of the two rings, the source of negative cooperativity.
33 coli displays elements of both positive and negative cooperativity.
34 comparable affinity linked by a mechanism of negative cooperativity.
35 or NPr (2 and 10 microM) possibly because of negative cooperativity.
36 GroES ring can bind to GroEL weakly and with negative cooperativity.
37 table in the S68D mutant, an extreme form of negative cooperativity.
38 ing and suggested that binding occurred with negative cooperativity.
39 ATP hydrolysis exhibits both positive and negative cooperativity.
40 Nups, with the binding behaviour defined by negative cooperativity.
41 nd K(d2) = 41-160 nM, consistent with strong negative cooperativity.
42 binding is entropically driven and displays negative cooperativity.
43 inity than the substrate, apo-ACPP, and with negative cooperativity.
44 e function as a novel facility emerging from negative cooperativity.
45 -fold increase in affinity while maintaining negative cooperativity.
46 half-the-sites reactive", which is a form of negative cooperativity.
47 in two di-metal binding sites that bind with negative cooperativity.
48 (perhaps along with other factors) for this negative cooperativity.
49 ence of both NVP and MgATP indicate a strong negative cooperativity.
50 1 phosphorylation of IRF3 and SIKE displayed negative cooperativity.
51 thermodynamics, producing either positive or negative cooperativity.
52 ylation that may be mistakenly attributed to negative cooperativity.
54 spatially distinct sites, with mutual, weak negative cooperativity (allosteric inhibition) between t
57 a of a wild-type aspartate receptor that has negative cooperativity and a mutant that has no cooperat
61 y a model in which STIM1 binds to Orai1 with negative cooperativity and channels open with positive c
62 film thickness; the binding isotherms showed negative cooperativity and could all be mapped onto a si
63 analyses reveal the molecular origin for the negative cooperativity and explain the substrate specifi
64 ental data, a unified model for the apparent negative cooperativity and fumarate activation of DbetaM
66 losteric protein which displays positive and negative cooperativity and half-site reactivity that is
68 ture provides a rationale for the receptor's negative cooperativity and necessitates a reconsideratio
69 urves were approximately 0.58, indicative of negative cooperativity and possible multiple spermine in
70 binds IgE resident on the cell surface with negative cooperativity; and that 23G3 appears to induce
71 r the site-site interactions which result in negative cooperativity are proposed on the basis of the
72 ens as a function of loading, as a result of negative cooperativity arising from electronic effects w
73 significantly diminished (400-fold), and the negative cooperativity associated with its binding is lo
75 ed by decline in Hill slope, suggesting that negative cooperativity at ascending dose might underlie
79 hese observations, we suggest that UvrA uses negative cooperativity between its ATPase sites that is
80 re of the protein, i.e. it shows positive or negative cooperativity between ligand binding and the re
82 anism (positive cooperativity within a ring, negative cooperativity between rings) is shown to be bas
83 ntrinsic affinity for ssDNA and enhances the negative cooperativity between ssDNA binding sites, indi
84 indrances to receptor isolation-for example, negative cooperativity between sterically hindered funct
85 reaction at the substrate binding site, with negative cooperativity between subunits accounting for t
86 ains independently, shows the existence of a negative cooperativity between the D1 and D2 rings and t
87 rom the allosteric substrate protein-induced negative cooperativity between the GroEL rings involves
90 The different binding constants indicate negative cooperativity between the subunits; the asymmet
91 demonstrate that dimeric vSET operates with negative cooperativity between the two active sites and
93 study the mechanism of allostery underlying negative cooperativity between the two agonists glutamat
94 he relative rotation mode also explained the negative cooperativity between the two binding pockets.
95 both sides of the membrane shows substantial negative cooperativity between the two blocking sites.
96 s within one heptameric ring of GroEL, while negative cooperativity between the two rings generates a
97 Analyses of metal-binding affinities reveals negative cooperativity between the two site 2 binding ev
98 losteric communication between T3 and 9c and negative cooperativity between their binding pockets.
100 f catalytic sites for MgATP do not represent negative cooperativity, but rather represent heterogeneo
101 o lessen the degree of both the positive and negative cooperativity, but the cause of this effect was
103 on of SG assembly arises through positive or negative cooperativity by extrinsic G3BP1-binding factor
104 lent character of the linker histone and the negative cooperativity by which linker histone and super
105 2 complexes are approximately equal, and the negative cooperativity can be attributed to faster disso
107 y additive fashion, but apparent positive or negative cooperativity characterized several putative Cr
108 nts were close to 0.5, the highest degree of negative cooperativity commonly observed (although small
109 statistical support for the existence of two negative cooperativity constants, one linking protonatio
111 inding of the inverse agonist SR141716A with negative cooperativity, demonstrated via radioligand bin
112 displayed pH and fumarate-dependent apparent negative cooperativity demonstrating that the previously
113 CBP-pRb interactions have either positive or negative cooperativity, depending on the available E1A i
115 roteins have been recently proposed in which negative cooperativity due to area exclusion by adsorbat
116 itrosated in a single step but is subject to negative cooperativity due to steric hindrance at the di
117 trate inhibition during nitrite turnover and negative cooperativity during hydroxylamine turnover, ne
118 mulated dissociation of prebound (125)I-TSH (negative cooperativity; EC(50)=70 mU/ml), which requires
120 ow-affinity, uric acid-binding site and that negative cooperativity exists between homologous, high-a
121 potencies, compounds exhibit differences in negative cooperativity for agonist-mediated calcium mobi
123 o do not display the dramatic intra-tetramer negative cooperativity for binding of a second (dT)(35)
124 th modulation of the global normal modes and negative cooperativity for binding the second cAMP ligan
125 binary enzyme-NAD(+) complex is the apparent negative cooperativity for binding to the tetramer with
128 PAMs Ro67-4853 and CPPHA displayed apparent negative cooperativity for modulation of quisqualate aff
129 ity binding to every other T-T mismatch with negative cooperativity for proximal T-T mismatches.
130 atic cycle, the kinase exhibits positive and negative cooperativity for substrate and nucleotide bind
132 used to evaluate the thermodynamic origin of negative cooperativity for this series of guests, reveal
135 K(+) concentration, folding with no or even negative cooperativity (Hill coefficients </=1), and are
136 N and ATP with NMAT were observed to exhibit negative cooperativity, i.e. Hill coefficients <1.0.
137 NA)-gold nanoparticle conjugates occurs with negative cooperativity; i.e., each binding event destabi
138 Furthermore, the two ATP binding sites show negative cooperativity; i.e., nucleotides do not bind in
139 th the R39Q mutant, cis, cis-muconate showed negative cooperativity in active site binding with two K
143 selectivity for ATP driving motor rotation, negative cooperativity in ATP hydrolysis, and the energe
145 has uncovered evidence for both positive and negative cooperativity in cAMP binding(2,3), but such bu
146 dependent, and MMPIP exhibits differences in negative cooperativity in certain cellular backgrounds.
148 g the loop entirely led to a decrease in the negative cooperativity in EGF binding and was associated
153 underscore the pharmacological importance of negative cooperativity in ligand binding within TR:RXR h
155 125)I-PMP-BSA/receptor complexes, suggesting negative cooperativity in multivalent ligand binding and
157 ition, this study also provides evidence for negative cooperativity in NADH binding and for at least
158 e binding but, rather, the substrate-induced negative cooperativity in protein orientation that accom
159 of nZ of < 1 was interpreted as evidence for negative cooperativity in spermine binding to d(CA/TG) d
160 Significantly, we observe an apparent strong negative cooperativity in ssDNA binding between relaxase
161 GCT from Bacillus subtilis displays unusual negative cooperativity in substrate binding and appears
163 inding of the first two serine molecules and negative cooperativity in the binding of the last two se
164 hes the intrinsic affinity and increases the negative cooperativity in the cofactor binding to the he
168 tic evidence, the proposal that the apparent negative cooperativity in the interaction of ascorbic ac
172 inearities (rate enhancement, switching, and negative cooperativity) in how the receptor participates
173 recognition domains of the gal-1 dimer with negative cooperativity, in that the first lactose molecu
175 d and unphosphorylated EGF receptors exhibit negative cooperativity, indicating that mechanistically,
176 fied nucleotides is characterized by similar negative cooperativity, indicating that negative coopera
178 al results suggest mechanisms for inter-ring-negative cooperativity, intra-ring-positive cooperativit
180 II chaperonins, these observations show that negative cooperativity is a common feature of all chaper
183 nucleotide binding domain interface, and the negative cooperativity is mediated across the regulatory
184 lso been found to be superadditive, and this negative cooperativity is now shown to extend to the nei
188 we studied 16 different GSTs, revealing that negative cooperativity is present only in more recently
190 assic allostery is not involved and that the negative cooperativity is probably the consequence of a
194 metry shows that genistein binds to TTR with negative cooperativity (K(d1) = 40 nM, K(d2) = 1.4 micro
196 the data are globally fit with a two-branch negative-cooperativity kinetic model in which ET in one-
197 -tRNA synthetase displays an extreme form of negative cooperativity, known as "half-of-the-sites reac
198 -Cys(593) disulfide bond resulted in extreme negative cooperativity, ligand-independent kinase activi
199 ors, including bistability and oscillations, negative cooperativity may be an important ingredient in
200 te binding of isocitrate, but that a form of negative cooperativity may limit access to apparently eq
202 also a strong inhibitor of GSTs, we suggest negative cooperativity might have evolved to maintain a
203 h estrogen receptor (ER) thus validating the negative cooperativity model for an established function
204 esence of 5 mm ATP, the ATPase showed strong negative cooperativity (n(H) = 0.16 +/- 0.03) for Na(+)
207 netheless, both the positive linkage and the negative cooperativity observed in EGF binding require t
211 ed for by a Markov state model that includes negative cooperativity of agonist binding to unsensitize
212 uents were important to maintain the limited negative cooperativity of analogues of 1, and replacemen
213 ed dynamic exchange processes underlying the negative cooperativity of binding of "monovalent" ligand
214 binding of serine at one interface leads to negative cooperativity of binding of a subsequent serine
216 These results suggest that the apparent negative cooperativity of binding to the two ssDNA bindi
218 and a significant reduction in the apparent negative cooperativity of binding, relative to wild-type
220 greeing with previous reports explaining the negative cooperativity of cAMP binding in terms of an en
221 ted as playing a critical role in modulating negative cooperativity of cyclic nucleotide binding.
222 negative cooperativity of substrate binding, negative cooperativity of enzyme activity was not observ
225 und and a lessening of both the positive and negative cooperativity of inhibitor binding as compared
227 Bs, and establish a molecular basis for both negative cooperativity of ligand binding to vertebrate E
229 he current concepts of unisite catalysis and negative cooperativity of nucleotide binding will be nec
233 nc site, which collectively drive homotropic negative cooperativity of Zn(2+) binding (Delta(DeltaG)
234 94 dimer, a model for allosteric regulation (negative cooperativity) of ligand binding is proposed.
235 lude the notion that NCNs require regions of negative cooperativity, or "frustrated" noncovalent inte
236 ng sites on each TfR polypeptide chain, from negative cooperativity, or from a combination of both.
237 to the DnaB hexamer is characterized by the negative cooperativity parameter sigma=0.25(+/-0.1).
238 of HemAT suggest that asymmetry and apparent negative cooperativity play an important role in the sig
239 between dimers is fully compatible with the negative cooperativity previously observed between the t
240 oupling between the structural asymmetry and negative cooperativity previously proposed for CK is not
241 preciably depleted by receptor binding, then negative cooperativity produces a qualitatively differen
243 nduced reduction in ligand binding affinity (negative cooperativity) requires TSH receptor (TSHR) hom
244 d up to three molecules of FimH, albeit with negative cooperativity, so that a molar excess of access
245 n liver alcohol dehydrogenase gamma exhibits negative cooperativity (substrate activation) with ethan
246 es the cognate ATP/GTP substrate pair, while negative-cooperativity suppresses Mn2+ utilization by ei
248 binding sites in the tetramer such that the negative cooperativity that is originally manifest at on
249 eir binding sites and is responsible for the negative cooperativity that underlies Par complex polari
250 of NADPH to precede loss of the product H4F (negative cooperativity), the mutants can reenter the cat
251 easing the affinity of CAP for cAMP enhances negative cooperativity through an entropic penalty for l
252 tants (ATP and peptide substrates) bind with negative cooperativity to Src kinase while products (ADP
253 factor Zur requires Zn(II), which binds with negative cooperativity to two regulatory sites per dimer
257 lectin concanavalin A (ConA) show increasing negative cooperativity upon binding of the analogues to
258 gent slopes below 1.0, indicating increasing negative cooperativity upon binding of the analogues to
262 Quantitative mappings of positive and then negative cooperativity were obtained by fitting the resu
263 ion of RAF dimers is limited by induction of negative cooperativity when bound to one site in the dim
264 als collisions, we have found a significant "negative cooperativity" when the two classes of compound
266 e-sensitive high-affinity state and exhibits negative cooperativity, whereas the monomeric receptor i
267 ation in biochemical assays in vitro suggest negative cooperativity, whereby phosphorylation in one p
269 ty of the native structure by overcoming the negative cooperativity which is typical of monovalent st
270 nalysis of the raw ITC data shows increasing negative cooperativity, which correlates with an increas
273 es are important for functional affinity and negative cooperativity, while functionalization of the t
275 d various patterns of positive, neutral, and negative cooperativity with [3H]NMS and acetylcholine, b
276 a compound showing positive, neutral, or low negative cooperativity with acetylcholine may yield comp
279 /- 0.2, while the ionization of Pro-1 showed negative cooperativity with an apparent pK(a) of 7.1 +/-
280 in functional affinity, as well as enhanced negative cooperativity with dopamine affinity and effica
283 e that maintains low muM affinity and robust negative cooperativity with markedly improved ligand eff
284 studies have revealed the first evidence for negative cooperativity with respect to bicarbonate and s
285 ke GDH from bacteria, mammalian GDH exhibits negative cooperativity with respect to coenzyme, activat
286 nducing an entirely entropic (nonmechanical) negative cooperativity with respect to substrate binding
287 pe selectivity: an agent showing positive or negative cooperativity with the endogenous ligand at one
288 by isothermal titration calorimetry reveals negative cooperativity with three distinct binding event
290 cooperative copper binding, with evidence of negative cooperativity within the octarepeat region.