ライフサイエンスコーパス: operant

1 lization of the resultant H2O2 were actually operant.

2 tinction of lever pressing trained as a free operant.

3 ministration of the drug using a lever press operant.

4 from rats trained to perform three different operant actions either in two different sequences or two

5 cently developed a mouse model of appetitive operant aggression and reported that adult male outbred

6 nding of the circuitry modulating appetitive operant aggression is limited.

7 sing neurons, act as a critical modulator of operant aggression reward and aggression seeking.

8 us accumbens are recruited for, and control, operant aggression self-administration and aggression se

9 act of intra-CeA KOR antagonism on escalated operant alcohol self-administration and physiological wi

10 Operant alcohol self-administration and progressive rati

11 nalmefene were more effective in suppressing operant alcohol self-administration in 118GG mice.

12 ome cage two-bottle free-choice drinking and operant alcohol self-administration paradigms.

13 himine (nor-BNI; 0, 2, 4, or 6 mug) prior to operant alcohol self-administration sessions and physiol

14 NCGC00185684 also decreases operant alcohol self-administration, and lowers motivati

15 rs attenuated the stroke-induced increase in operant alcohol self-administration.

16 Operant and classical conditioning tests were used to me

17 Both classical and operant appetitive behavioral training enhance feeding,

18 The present experiments used three operant arrangements to assess whether adolescent rats d

19 Cannabinoid receptors are functionally operant at both glutamate and GABA synapses on hypothala

20 We previously used an operant-based assay to show that CGRP-sensitized transge

21 Here, using operant-based behavioral paradigms, we demonstrate that

22 ting the reinforcing effect of cocaine in an operant-based self-administration task.

23 Using an operant-based taste cue discrimination/generalization ta

24 mates, we present the development of a novel operant-based two-chamber ID/ED "Operon" task for mice.

25 heral pop-out go cue initiating the required operant behavior and the identification of a target amon

26 Here, we use a forced-choice, operant behavior assay to investigate rod-driven, tempor

27 Using an operant behavior assay, electrophysiological recordings,

28 context.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Extinguished operant behavior can recover ("renew") when tested outsi

29 However, operant behavior failed at high-dose AMPH, which was due

30 ial self-stimulation of LH to VTA fibers, an operant behavior mediated by NT 1 receptors (Nts1) and N

31 mechanisms underlying the impact of pain on operant behavior of morphine intake and morphine seeking

32 otometry recordings during progressive ratio operant behavior revealed pnVTA(Pnoc) neurons become mos

33 c role in controlling contextually dependent operant behavior than has been previously reported.

34 dified cocaine-reinforced or food-reinforced operant behavior under similar experimental conditions.

35 However, acquisition of operant behavior was delayed, and their motivation to ob

36 per day) doses primarily decreased rates of operant behavior.

37 r and robustly facilitated the extinction of operant behavior.

38 e choice up to doses that decreased rates of operant behavior.

39 uiring active suppression of the unpreferred operant behavior.

40 ntary electronic cigarette use in rats using operant behavior.

41 This effect was sufficient to guide operant behavioral choices to avoidance of opioid withdr

42 solution 6 h per day, 5 days per week via an operant behavioral panel in their home cages.

43 a single cohort of mice using well-validated operant behavioral paradigms.

44 use lines, viral-mediated gene transfer, and operant behavioral procedures, we monitor the response o

45 ere trained to self-administer alcohol using operant behavioral strategies and subjected to intermitt

46 terminals serves as a positive reinforcer on operant behavioural assays.

47 ue by remaining in a specific location of an operant box for a brief time before moving to a spout fo

48 The automated touchscreen operant chamber for rats and mice allows for the assessm

49 dard MHD, with the three response keys in an operant chamber serving as the three doors and access to

50 al cognitive tests in a touchscreen-equipped operant chamber to further investigate the nature of lea

51 consequences, we trained mice in nose-poking operant chambers that developed either habitual or goal-

52 ng on the delay discounting task in standard operant chambers.

53 Using an operant co-administration paradigm, in which rats concur

54 stat, had no effect on either maintenance of operant cocaine self-administration maintained on a fixe

55 To test this, we used operant concurrent schedules and found reduced sensitivi

56 on of indirect medium spiny neurons dampened operant conditioned ethanol-containing reward-seeking, w

57 Using operant conditioning and a psychophysical task, budgerig

58 Although classical and operant conditioning are operationally distinct, it is u

59 his laser tracking system can be used for an operant conditioning assay in which a courting male quic

60 nally, a new experimental paradigm utilizing operant conditioning combined with motor tasks is propos

61 Our findings highlight the mechanisms of how operant conditioning develops the preference of ethanol-

62 seline anxiety, and motivational deficits in operant conditioning for palatable food rewards and in r

63 To test this hypothesis, we used operant conditioning in male rats to determine whether o

64 rogress to excessive ethanol drinking during operant conditioning in mice lacking ethanol-sensitive a

65 Operant conditioning is a type of associative learning i

66 In the current experiments, operant conditioning occurred in Context A, extinction i

67 h incomplete spinal cord injury, appropriate operant conditioning of a spinal reflex can improve impa

68 ago, when Joseph Kamiya reported successful operant conditioning of alpha-rhythm in humans, the effe

69 Operant conditioning of Hoffmann's reflex (H-reflex) is

70 EMG systems that measure muscle activity for operant conditioning of spinal reflexes still use rigid

71 Operant conditioning of the spinal stretch reflex or its

72 research has been dominated by pavlovian and operant conditioning paradigms.

73 tively" framed custom application focused on operant conditioning principles of reinforcement schedul

74 Here, we used operant conditioning procedures to examine the perceptua

75 y (SCI), changing a spinal reflex through an operant conditioning protocol can improve locomotion.

76 Operant conditioning protocols can modify the activity o

77 High-throughput operant conditioning systems for rodents provide efficie

78 tem can be incorporated into high-throughput operant conditioning systems.

79 Using an effort-based operant conditioning task for head-fixed mice, we discov

80 nhibitory neurons (INs) during a neuron-pair operant conditioning task using two-photon imaging of IN

81 sual display on a touch screen as part of an operant conditioning task.

82 during the acquisition and performance of an operant conditioning task.

83 m in freely moving mice performing a simple, operant conditioning task.

84 sual display on a touch screen as part of an operant conditioning task.

85 habit-based responding in a food-reinforced operant conditioning task.

86 inforcement learning model to simulations of operant conditioning tasks that have been argued to quan

87 rd prediction functions during Pavlovian and operant conditioning tasks, less is understood about the

88 e an object-discrimination paradigm based on operant conditioning to show, for the first time to our

89 Moreover, a single-cell analog of operant conditioning was developed using neuron B51, a c

90 redict (Pavlovian conditioning) and control (operant conditioning) harmful events.

91 tor coordination, and apparent motivation in operant conditioning, as well as spine morphology and ph

92 activity within various brain areas through operant conditioning, but the relevance of that control

93 In sucrose operant conditioning, the photoactivation of these termi

94 Using operant conditioning, we trained mice to detect visual c

95 DMS A(2A)R activation dampened operant conditioning-induced ethanol-containing reward,

96 e motor output expression induced by in vivo operant conditioning.

97 ncrease in performance, as often observed in operant conditioning.

98 ol group), for 1 h a day under fixed ratio 1 operant conditioning.

99 arning the distinction of visual cues during operant conditioning.

100 nalog, whereas D1R mediates reinforcement in operant conditioning.

101 behavior for sucrose in a progressive ratio operant-conditioning paradigm when administered peripher

102 imaging using light-field microscopy and an operant-conditioning task in larval zebrafish.

103 place preference (CPP) and progressive ratio operant-conditioning.

104 analyse a standard rodent anxiety model, the operant conflict test.

105 in humans, then an opportunity may exist for operant control complementing or in some cases replacing

106 Operant control of a prosthesis by neuronal cortical act

107 se findings illustrate that the influence of operant costs on reward-evoked dopamine release depends

108 present work demonstrates that changing the operant costs reversibly modulates the dopamine response

109 e studied sham- and LHb-lesioned rats in our operant CTA paradigm and found that LHb lesion significa

110 d to extend to the more natural case of free operant decisions.

111 efrontal cortex (mPFC) were studied using an operant delayed response task.

112 vior was measured with the dolognawmeter, an operant device and assay for measuring functional and me

113 We compare two operant discrimination tasks (Go/No-Go: GNG; Two-Alterna

114 Adapting Pavlovian procedures to suppress operant drug response, we determined the anti-relapse ac

115 edial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) encodes both operant drug self-administration and extinction memories

116 nce, the reinstatement of drug seeking after operant drug self-administration and extinction of the d

117 drug seeking is assessed after cessation of operant drug self-administration in rodents and monkeys.

118 st notably neutrophils, and similar pathways operant during hepatocyte proliferation/liver regenerati

119 ave been extensively studied, those that are operant during homeostatic forms of synaptic strengtheni

120 Operant escape and lick/guard (L/G) reflex responses to

121 ol consumption, ethanol withdrawal symptoms, operant ethanol self-administration under progressive ra

122 In free operant experiments, subjects alternate at will between

123 for the characteristics of behavior in free operant experiments.

124 dence in any experiment that DCS facilitated operant extinction learning assessed in either the extin

125 that underlie Pavlovian, rather than purely operant, extinction.

126 in rat PLC play an important role in learned operant food seeking.

127 LC) of FosGFP-transgenic rats, we found that operant food self-administration led to increased intrin

128 altered intrinsic excitability after 10 d of operant food self-administration training (1 h/d).

129 pressing PLC neurons that were active during operant food self-administration.

130 HA (GABA) neuronal activation both increased operant food-seeking behavior, but only activation of LH

131 t cause similar asthma symptoms and might be operant in a certain phenotype.

132 Similar properties may be operant in other solid tumors as well, so revisiting and

133 This mechanism is operant in resident liver Kupffer cells, which drive inn

134 Similar mechanisms were operant in the kidney during endotoxemia and served a cy

135 These mechanisms appear to be operant in vivo in orchestrating LPS-induced lung neutro

136 itration and cysteine thiol oxidation may be operant in vivo in peroxynitrite-induced FeOxI activity

137 The associative processes that support free-operant instrumental avoidance behavior are still unknow

138 Memories formed during operant learning are thought to be stored in "neuronal e

139 Overall, operant learning increased intrinsic excitability of PLC

140 Operant learning induces immediate early gene (IEG) expr

141 earning, suggesting that NMDAR activation in operant learning is site-specific.

142 tivation in these corticostriatal regions in operant learning is unknown.

143 ase specifically suppresses memory using the operant learning paradigm, learning that food is inedibl

144 y-based anorexia (ABA) model and touchscreen operant learning paradigms, we investigated the neurobio

145 Operant learning requires that reinforcement signals int

146 tive or negative appetitive conditions in an operant learning task differentially impacts norepinephr

147 tal cortex activity plays a critical role in operant learning, but the underlying cellular mechanisms

148 a low-protein diet displayed no deficits in operant learning, but were more prone to assign salience

149 In operant learning, initial reward-associated memories are

150 atement of cocaine seeking without affecting operant learning, locomotor activity, or reinstatement o

151 blockade in OFC did not significantly impair operant learning, suggesting that NMDAR activation in op

152 Rats were trained on an unsignaled, free-operant lever press avoidance paradigm in which each res

153 lectively inhibited immediately prior to the operant lever press, which is consistent with a second d

154 ion to the mNTS (3 h before testing) reduced operant lever pressing for sucrose under increasing work

155 paradigms, including meal pattern analysis, operant lever pressing for sucrose, and conditioned stim

156 r, optical stimulation of the DMS reinforced operant lever-pressing behavior.

157 NMDA agonist, facilitates the extinction of operant lever-pressing reinforced by food.

158 e neurons, mice drank water and performed an operant lever-pressing task for water reward with rates

159 effects on skilled motor behaviour using an operant lever-pressing task.

160 s, massed training-induced intermediate-term operant memory requires protein synthesis as well as per

161 Recently, we developed an operant model in which rats press a lever for rewarding

162 These studies are the first to describe an operant model of psychosocial stress-induced relapse in

163 multiple-choice discrimination task in which operant nosepoke responses to some visual cues were cons

164 There are currently no rapid, operant pain behaviors in rodents that use a self-report

165 aine-induced avoidance behaviors in a runway operant paradigm were abolished by lesions of LHb effere

166 hat trained to self-administer ethanol in an operant paradigm, AIE increased resistance to extinction

167 We used an operant paradigm, learning that food is inedible (LFI),

168 val after self-administration of cocaine, an operant paradigm, or how the length of withdrawal from c

169 er motivation for food reward observed in an operant paradigm.

170 To identify the main operant pathways across the spectrum of CGVHD, we analyz

171 harnessing both passive sound experience and operant perceptual learning to enhance mature cortical f

172 Operant performance was measured as a function of the st

173 Operant place preference scores were highly correlated w

174 where they received photostimulation (i.e., operant place preference).

175 ed effort-based responding for food under an operant progressive ratio reinforcement schedule, but di

176 ( approximately 19%) that exhibited intense operant-reinforced attack behavior, decreased likelihood

177 ation operates in parallel with a model-free operant reinforcement process.

178 (3) Operant reinforcement through association of the adapted

179 as model-free: use-dependent plasticity and operant reinforcement.

180 However, increasing the operant requirement abolished the within-session elevati

181 voltammetry to determine how changes in the operant requirement affected dopamine release to self-ad

182 ease to cocaine infusions reemerged when the operant requirement was lowered.

183 ixed-ratio reinforcement schedule with a low operant requirement.

184 inistration significantly attenuated sucrose operant responding and D2R activation or blockade in the

185 sted in a progressive ratio (PR) schedule of operant responding and the sucrose preference test (SPT)

186 n in NAc D2-MSNs to test the role of Egr3 on operant responding during seeking, extinction, and drug-

187 Stimulation trains that supported operant responding evoked dopamine release in the DMS an

188 In contrast, the treatment did not affect operant responding for a highly palatable sweet solution

189 otine self-administration without disrupting operant responding for a nondrug reinforcer or motor act

190 ignificantly reduced ad libitum chow intake, operant responding for chocolate pellets, and the incent

191 of their reproductive cycle, show increased operant responding for cocaine under a wide variety of s

192 th hdAD-CocH did not experience a deficit in operant responding for drug reinforcement and self-admin

193 fective in alcohol-preferring rats to reduce operant responding for ethanol, (ii) is ineffective in a

194 We find that operant responding for EtOH early in training is goal-di

195 paired the ability of foot shock to suppress operant responding for food.

196 n reduces food intake and inhibits impulsive operant responding for palatable food via downstream com

197 ediated GLP-1R knockdown increases motivated operant responding for palatable food.

198 T neurons exert an inhibitory influence over operant responding for reward through a direct interacti

199 ease, but this was not sufficient to inhibit operant responding for saccharin, a measure of motivated

200 t, MTII, decreases home-cage food intake and operant responding for sucrose pellets.

201 Progressive ratio operant responding for sucrose was examined in male and

202 romoter causes place preference and supports operant responding for the stimulation.

203 ice were trained to obtain water to rule out operant responding impairments.

204 AgRP neuron photostimulation did not restore operant responding in fed mice when initiated within the

205 Operant responding in rats provides an analog to volunta

206 Food-restricted mice exhibited selective operant responding to food-predicting cues but largely f

207 rt effort for reward was not associated with operant responding under low-effort conditions or stress

208 Locomotor activity or food reinforced operant responding was unaffected by microinjection of R

209 ociceptin receptor (NOPR) deletion increased operant responding, revealing that the pnVTA(Pnoc) nucle

210 or (SSRI) citalopram synergistically reduced operant responding.

211 Rats were trained to perform an operant response (nosepoke) to receive 10 s of vaporized

212 were trained to self-administer cocaine, the operant response extinguished, and cocaine-seeking induc

213 l on BSR threshold without affecting maximum operant response rate (MAX).

214 ificantly reduce motor activity or intrabout operant response speed, or promote a conditioned place a

215 on of cannabinoid receptor signaling reduces operant responses for rewards; yet it is unknown whether

216 Here, rats were trained to make operant responses that produced both food rewards, and u

217 Strikingly, once animals began a chain of operant responses, the antagonists did not affect the ab

218 ent three testing phases in a unique Spatial Operant Reversal Test (SORT) paradigm, as well as assess

219 te that distinct neuronal ensembles encoding operant reward and extinction memories intermingle withi

220 cets of a compulsive behavior resulting from operant reward learning.

221 d cocaine avoidance behaviors measured by an operant runway task and by conditioned place aversion (C

222 In contrast, prior daily practice of an operant schedule of reinforcement, albeit generating mor

223 lenti-shCRFR1) and investigate the effect on operant self-administration and motivation to self-admin

224 onic alcohol exposure that promote excessive operant self-administration and negative affective-like

225 two-bottle choice chronic ethanol intake or operant self-administration in rats before or after depe

226 vivo brain slice preparation, we found that operant self-administration increased excitability of Fo

227 Similarly, rat operant self-administration of alcohol (20%) also result

228 but not in the DLS, significantly decreases operant self-administration of alcohol and reduces alcoh

229 agonist baclofen has been shown to suppress operant self-administration of alcohol in animals and al

230 ownward shift in the dose-response curve for operant self-administration of alcohol, further suggesti

231 t inhibition of AMPARs in the DMS attenuates operant self-administration of ethanol, but not of sucro

232 2, we observed strong motivation to acquire operant self-administration of opportunities to aggress

233 consume alcohol using a two-bottle choice or operant self-administration procedure.

234 ent study utilized the two-bottle choice and operant self-administration procedures to investigate ne

235 Furthermore, using two-bottle choice and operant self-administration procedures, we show that inh

236 in heroin and palatable food was enhanced in operant self-administration procedures.

237 Operant self-administration reflected drug-taking to all

238 er either ethanol or sucrose in daily 30 min operant self-administration sessions using a fixed ratio

239 palatable food was then restricted to daily operant self-administration sessions using fixed ratio 1

240 e through 24-h energy intake and fixed-ratio operant self-administration sessions, and withdrawal-lik

241 Mice lacking D2 autoreceptors acquire a cued-operant self-administration task for cocaine faster than

242 significant increases in alcohol preference, operant self-administration, and relapse.

243 striatum dopamine activity and lower cocaine operant self-administration.

244 Mice also acquired operant self-stimulation of thalamostriatal terminals wh

245 ities, anxiety levels, reactions to novelty, operant sensation seeking, and alcohol sensitivity.

246 not perform instrumental responses under the operant sensation-seeking paradigm, although they learne

247 ronal ensembles was performed after the last operant session, using immunohistochemistry.

248 ns gradually decreased over the course of an operant session.

249 In an operant set-shifting task, AIE-exposed rats exhibited de

250 ted deficits in behavioral flexibility in an operant set-shifting task.

251 We recently reported that operant social choice-induced voluntary abstinence preve

252 Here, we describe a protocol for operant social interaction using a discrete-trial choice

253 col can be used to study brain mechanisms of operant social reward and potentially impairments in soc

254 provides a reliable way to study the role of operant social reward in addiction and addiction vulnera

255 ments showed that such deactivations in both operant-specific functional networks did not depend on t

256 II in stress-naive rats on performance of an operant strategy set-shifting task that is mediated by t

257 or 14 days on cognitive flexibility using an operant strategy set-shifting task.

258 MOR activation on cognitive processing in an operant strategy-shifting task.

259 These findings demonstrate that the operant sufentanil vapor self-administration model has b

260 Finally, using an operant sugar reward paradigm, we showed that low-dose A

261 Rats also performed an operant Sustained Attention Task (SAT).

262 warding effects of high-fat/sugar food in an operant task and inhibited DA neuronal firing.

263 ned that: (i) the two genotypes acquired the operant task and maintained similar levels of COC-SA, (i

264 M was found to reinforce cue selection in an operant task and to motivate future cue selection using

265 uronal activity in the LHb of rats during an operant task before and after ethanol-induced conditione

266 he amygdala in combination with a novel free operant task designed to elicit effects of both general

267 The use of this LFP pattern to trigger an operant task evoked only minor changes in its electrophy

268 redict the expected activity changes over an operant task for both types of action-coding striatal ne

269 d how these neurons respond to a self-paced, operant task in freely moving mice.

270 Rats were trained on a free-operant task in which lever-press responses avoided shoc

271 Using an operant task in which mice are trained to self-administe

272 Using a self-paced operant task in which mice learn to perform a particular

273 An operant task in which octopuses learn to locate food by

274 , and withdrawal from chronic nicotine on an operant task that measured premature and signaled nose p

275 gly decreased motivation for saccharin in an operant task to obtain the tastant.

276 n the hippocampal CA1 area and trained to an operant task using a fixed-ratio (1:1) schedule.

277 on probabilistic reversal learning using an operant task wherein a "correct" response delivered rewa

278 necessary for learning and extinction in an operant task, a remarkable convergence of a bottom-up da

279 hoton counting (TCSPC) in mice performing an operant task, we observed transient increases in neural

280 first being shaped for 6 weeks to learn this operant task.

281 spikes from mice performing a lever-pressing operant task.

282 he dorsal striatum as rats learn an abstract operant task.

283 sitive reinforcing actions in a food-seeking operant task.

284 ats as they performed a simple reward-driven operant task.

285 significantly attenuated CTA effects in the operant task.

286 oral observations of rats performing various operant tasks and determined how injection of dopamine r

287 called "flexible approach." Both high-effort operant tasks and some low-effort cue-responding tasks r

288 in the application of economic principles to operant tasks in rodents have allowed for the within-sub

289 Mice were then tested in three operant tasks that address motivated behavior, the progr

290 in mouse models, spanning from Pavlovian to operant tasks, and we also describe the recently propose

291 ested the role of the MD in timing, using an operant temporal production task in male mice.

292 Using an operant temporal production task, we showed that inactiv

293 By using operant testing, progressive ratio, and the PFC-dependen

294 eir effects on extinction of a discriminated operant, that is, one that had been reinforced in the pr

295 graphy biofeedback, low-level laser therapy, operant therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, or spinal

296 d by devaluation, but after 8 weeks of daily operant training, control has shifted to a habit-based s

297 Following operant training, rats were implanted with intra-CeA gui

298 d to discriminate a tastant from water in an operant two-response detection task.

299 ns in male rats during a novel cue-dependent operant value-shifting task, in which the volume of a su

300 ed their effects when extinction of the free operant was conducted in the presence of nonresponse-con