ライフサイエンスコーパス: orexigenic

1 We report that orexigenic AAPDs potently and selectively activate hypot

2 ceramide synthesis with myriocin negated the orexigenic action of ghrelin and normalized the levels o

3 ese data suggest that estradiol inhibits the orexigenic action of ghrelin in females, that weight gai

4 stradiol dependent because E2 attenuated the orexigenic action of ghrelin in OVX female and male rats

5 Here, we demonstrate that the orexigenic action of ghrelin is totally blunted in CPT1C

6 acid receptor in the ARC did not prevent the orexigenic action of MCH, and the hypophagic effect of M

7 We reasoned that the orexigenic action of NPY would be evident in C57Bl/6J mi

8 H) is one major brain site that mediates the orexigenic action of NPY.

9 trate that a likely mechanism underlying the orexigenic action of RLN3 is RXFP3-mediated inhibition o

10 Recent data suggest that ghrelin exerts its orexigenic action through regulation of hypothalamic AMP

11 of the syndecan interaction perfectly tracks orexigenic action.

12 static and hedonic eating behaviors, and its orexigenic actions occur mainly via binding to the only

13 neurons may be one mechanism underlying the orexigenic actions of dynorphin.

14 ave been found to play critical roles in the orexigenic actions of ghrelin, including hypothalamic nu

15 ng Kir6.2 in the vagal ganglia abolished the orexigenic actions of ghrelin.

16 en suggested as a possible mechanism for the orexigenic actions of KOR agonists.

17 urons, highlighting their importance for the orexigenic actions of MCH.

18 releasing factor (CRF), or urocortin; or the orexigenic actions of neuropeptide Y (NPY) or peptide YY

19 This mechanism might underlie in part CB1 orexigenic actions under physiopathological conditions a

20 Whether AgRP neurons exert their orexigenic actions, at least in part, by inhibiting anor

21 In the current article, we review ghrelin's orexigenic actions, the evidence linking ghrelin to food

22 upregulated in obese animal models, and its orexigenic activity is accentuated in rodents fed a high

23 For example, the potent orexigenic activity of NPY is believed to be mediated by

24 discovered neuropeptide which exerts similar orexigenic activity, thus playing an important role in e

25 a novel human RF-amide-related peptide with orexigenic activity.

26 ound in the hypothalamus and exhibits potent orexigenic activity.

27 Ghrelin has profound orexigenic, adipogenic, and somatotrophic properties, in

28 receptor (MC4R) whereas AGRP is an opposing orexigenic agent.

29 Both nutritional support and orexigenic agents play a role in the management of cache

30 leus of the hypothalamus (ARH) that contains orexigenic agouti-related peptide (AgRP) and anorexigeni

31 genic proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons and orexigenic agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurons require

32 anorexigenic proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and orexigenic agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurons, electr

33 The hypothalamic orexigenic Agouti-related peptide (AgRP)-expressing neur

34 adult Magel2-null mice, while the density of orexigenic agouti-related peptide fibers in the mutant m

35 hought to cause starvation after ablation of orexigenic agouti-related peptide neurons in adult mice.

36 lanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) and orexigenic Agouti-related protein (AgRP) from discrete h

37 Leptin regulates food intake by inhibiting orexigenic agouti-related protein (AGRP) neurons and act

38 a number decrease but their size increase in orexigenic agouti-related protein (Agrp) neurons during

39 rtin (POMC)-expressing and hunger signaling (orexigenic) agouti-related peptide (AgRP)-expressing neu

40 ically, it stimulates appetite by activating orexigenic AgRP neurons and inhibiting anorexigenic POMC

41 t fasting and chemical-genetic activation of orexigenic AgRP neurons in the hypothalamus suppress the

42 e blood-brain barrier and directly activates orexigenic AgRP(+) neurons via a cAMP-dependent pathway.

43 weight regulation is mediated by a number of orexigenic and anorectic neuronal systems in the hypotha

44 heral signals such as leptin and a number of orexigenic and anorectic neuropeptides.

45 role of MC3R in MH in the acute response to orexigenic and anorexic challenges.

46 s neurons exhibit reduced sensitivity to the orexigenic and anorexigenic effects of ghrelin and lepti

47 down-regulation and up-regulation of larval orexigenic and anorexigenic genes, respectively, an up-r

48 demands of peripheral tissues, which secrete orexigenic and anorexigenic hormones.

49 ignificant reductions in the density of both orexigenic and anorexigenic neural projections to the pa

50 on "fasting-induced" changes of hypothalamic orexigenic and anorexigenic neuropeptide mRNAs, repeated

51 pression revealed comparable upregulation of orexigenic and anorexigenic neuropeptides in rats that w

52 al" in hypothalamic neurons that express the orexigenic and anorexigenic neuropeptides that regulate

53 atterns, normal basal levels of hypothalamic orexigenic and anorexigenic neuropeptides, and no impair

54 g behavior by altering the expression of key orexigenic and anorexigenic neuropeptides.

55 brainstem PPG cells and their regulation by orexigenic and anorexigenic peptides.

56 modulating expression of other receptors for orexigenic and anorexigenic regulatory peptides at the l

57 ical antagonism of VTA CB-1Rs attenuates the orexigenic and appetitive effects of intra-VTA ghrelin i

58 Since NPY neurons are orexigenic and are active during fasting, the M-current

59 NPY's orexigenic and malaise-inducing properties were tested i

60 t the hypothesis that exogenous NPY has both orexigenic and malaise-inducing properties.

61 e majority of these effects dependent on the orexigenic and not antitumor properties of AVE 0991.

62 Together with the orexigenic and thermogenic effects of CART, this finding

63 ns was accompanied by a skewed production of orexigenic/anorexigenic hormones, resulting in elevated

64 cyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) and the orexigenic antagonist agouti-related protein (AGRP).

65 We have recently identified that ghrelin, an orexigenic anti-inflammatory peptide, can partially reve

66 ulator of muscle phenotype, and AVE 0991 has orexigenic, anticachectic, and antitumorigenic effects,

67 minergic neurons mediated not only ghrelin's orexigenic, antidepressant-like, and food-reward behavio

68 To maintain energy homeostasis, orexigenic (appetite-inducing) and anorexigenic (appetit

69 ound in the hypothalamus and exhibits potent orexigenic (appetite-stimulating) activity.

70 olved overexpression of genes in the central orexigenic (appetite-stimulating) pathway, peripheral li

71 describe the functional interactions between orexigenic (appetite-stimulating: MCH and NPY) and anore

72 eports implicating the rodent hippocampus in orexigenic appetitive processing(1-4).

73 t CFLIR in agouti related peptide-expressing orexigenic ARC neurons is basally elevated in db/db but

74 uired for the acute or chronic regulation of orexigenic ARC neurons, and the activation of STAT3-medi

75 hat are mediated by the release of GABA from orexigenic ARC neurons.

76 , a perineural-net proteoglycan deposited by orexigenic ARH neurons, creates a peculiar ventrodorsal

77 nisms that promote independent regulation of orexigenic behavior and reward processing.

78 level of excitatory synaptic input to these orexigenic cells is mediated by GABA.

79 d brain-clearing 3D histology to identify an orexigenic circuit involving the lateral hypothalamus an

80 arcuate nucleus (ARC), that we show makes an orexigenic contribution.

81 The lowest systemically effective orexigenic dose of ghrelin was investigated and the resu

82 10 microl) or previously established maximal orexigenic dose of peptides (1 microg=1 nmol/rat), brain

83 istent with the idea that leptin provides an orexigenic drive through the NAG system to help rapidly

84 This theory proposes that the increased orexigenic drive to eat and the reduced energy expenditu

85 nsatory mechanisms are developed to maintain orexigenic drive.

86 volved in regulating stress responsivity and orexigenic drives by moderate caloric restriction experi

87 intake following the observation of an acute orexigenic effect after central administration in mice.

88 in is the only known gut peptide exerting an orexigenic effect and has thus received much attention a

89 Ghrelin has a short-term orexigenic effect but may also be a marker of food intak

90 26RFa((20-26)) and exerted a longer lasting orexigenic effect in mice.

91 constitutive VMH(BDNF) activation blocks the orexigenic effect of AgRP activation.

92 y of a selective GHSR antagonist blocked the orexigenic effect of circulating ghrelin and blunted reb

93 In addition, we show that the orexigenic effect of ghrelin is lost in mice lacking MRA

94 The orexigenic effect of i3vt AgRP was absent in ADX rats an

95 dministration of alpha-MSH prevents only the orexigenic effect of MCH, as we have previously shown, b

96 inistration of neurotensin prevents only the orexigenic effect of MCH, but does not prevent the appet

97 ate nucleus of the hypothalamus, exerting an orexigenic effect via an as yet unidentified receptor.

98 ore sensitive than intact female rats to the orexigenic effects of both centrally (intra-third ventri

99 inistration of GLP-1 completely prevents the orexigenic effects of both MCH and NPY.

100 ever, unlike nor-BNI, GNTI did not alter the orexigenic effects of butorphanol or NPY.

101 GNTI did not reduce the orexigenic effects of butorphanol, an agonist that binds

102 n rat pancreatic islets but also affects the orexigenic effects of ghrelin in mice.

103 , an undesirable effect, perhaps because the orexigenic effects of insulin release predominated over

104 Because the orexigenic effects of NPY have been ascribed to actions

105 dered probable sites of action mediating the orexigenic effects of systemically or intracerebroventri

106 s study demonstrates that independent of its orexigenic effects, chronic AGRP treatment decreased BAT

107 is considered to be the active form for its orexigenic effects.

108 anchor AgRP near its receptor, enhancing its orexigenic effects.

109 (decrease, 18%; P = 0.04), elevations in the orexigenic factor ghrelin (increase, 28%; P < 0.04), and

110 either AgRP nor NPY is a critically required orexigenic factor, suggesting that other pathways capabl

111 express agouti-related protein (AgRP) sense orexigenic factors and orchestrate an increase in food-s

112 postnatal establishment of leptin-responsive orexigenic fibers from ARH to multiple hypothalamic nucl

113 l and pancreatic satiation peptides, and the orexigenic gastric hormone ghrelin.

114 Ghrelin is an orexigenic gastric peptide hormone secreted when caloric

115 5 and 1, 2, respectively, while that of the orexigenic genes NPY and CaMKK2 was down-regulated by th

116 diets, induced transcriptional reduction of orexigenic genes, upregulation of anorexigenic genes, an

117 rs of chromogranin A-positive (+), including orexigenic ghrelin+ cells, in the stomach of calorie-res

118 ucagon-like peptide 1 and oxyntomodulin) and orexigenic (ghrelin and orexin A) peptides.

119 r mechanism(s) involved in overproduction of orexigenic gut eCBs in DIO, however, are unknown.

120 recently been discovered as only the second orexigenic gut hormone after ghrelin.

121 The orexigenic gut hormone ghrelin and its receptor are pres

122 Ghrelin, the only known orexigenic gut hormone, is secreted mainly from the stom

123 The orexigenic gut peptide ghrelin is an endogenous ligand f

124 overed a new glucogenic and centrally acting orexigenic hormone - asprosin.

125 have dysregulated circulating levels of the orexigenic hormone acyl-ghrelin and attenuated postprand

126 Orexigenic hormone ghrelin and anorexic hormone obestati

127 on of glutamate release was triggered by the orexigenic hormone ghrelin and exhibited hysteresis, per

128 The orexigenic hormone ghrelin has been shown to stimulate t

129 r results reveal a novel endogenous role for orexigenic hormone ghrelin in ADHD, which provides insig

130 The orexigenic hormone ghrelin is a 28-amino-acid peptide de

131 We have previously demonstrated that the orexigenic hormone ghrelin is expressed by immune cells

132 The orexigenic hormone ghrelin is important in neuroprotecti

133 The orexigenic hormone ghrelin, a potential antagonist of th

134 psogenic hormone angiotensin II, but not the orexigenic hormone ghrelin, potentiated the dopamine res

135 fication with a fatty acid side chain is the orexigenic hormone ghrelin.

136 eights despite elevations in the circulating orexigenic hormone ghrelin.

137 f the novel fasting-induced, glucogenic, and orexigenic hormone named asprosin, the C-terminal cleava

138 identified and validated a SNP, rs696217, on orexigenic hormone preproghrelin/ghrelin (T408T, Met72Me

139 We conclude that Insl5 is an orexigenic hormone released from colonic L-cells, which

140 nic function, asprosin is a centrally acting orexigenic hormone that is a potential therapeutic targe

141 Ghrelin, a gut-derived orexigenic hormone, is an endogenous ligand of the growt

142 We have recently shown that ghrelin, a novel orexigenic hormone, is reduced in sepsis.

143 are influenced by ghrelin, a stomach-derived orexigenic hormone, via communication to its receptor (G

144 Ghrelin is the only known circulating orexigenic hormone.

145 Orexigenic hormones, melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH)

146 A number of orexigenic hypothalamic neurons release dynorphin along

147 Melanin concentrating hormone (MCH) is an orexigenic hypothalamic neuropeptide, which plays an imp

148 Orexins are originally characterized as orexigenic hypothalamic neuropeptides in mammals.

149 y expenditure, likely through suppression of orexigenic hypothalamic pathways.

150 mediated signals can override the effects of orexigenic hypothalamic signals on long-term energy bala

151 pothalamic inputs, including those involving orexigenic lateral hypothalamic neuropeptides, such as m

152 urocortin 2 described previously, including orexigenic, locomotor, and anxiety-related effects in a

153 In contrast, endocannabinoids are orexigenic mediators that act via cannabinoid CB1 recept

154 Glut4 neuron ablation affects orexigenic melanin-concentrating hormone neurons but has

155 Rats received chronic i.c.v. infusion of the orexigenic melanocortin receptor antagonist, SHU9119 (0.

156 nd body weight, by releasing three different orexigenic molecules: AgRP; GABA; and neuropeptide Y.

157 igenic neurons in the PVN, revealing a basic orexigenic nature of these cells.

158 ed extensively to examine the underlying NPY orexigenic neural pathways.

159 omodulator cholecystokinin, and inhibited by orexigenic neuromodulators neuropeptide Y, met-enkephali

160 the transcriptional codes behind the versus orexigenic neuron identity.

161 cuate nucleus, a subset of which express the orexigenic neuronal marker, Neuropeptide-Y, and respond

162 ease and instead due to direct activation of orexigenic neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypotha

163 Leptin directly suppresses the activity of orexigenic neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (

164 Dopamine excited orexigenic neurons that synthesize agouti-related peptid

165 late and characterize the M-current in these orexigenic neurons.

166 in are integrated by anorexigenic but not by orexigenic neurons.

167 is correlated with a decreased expression of orexigenic neuropeptide (Npy and Agrp) genes in the hypo

168 gh the hypophagia promoted expression of the orexigenic neuropeptide agouti related protein (AgRP) in

169 rs (MC3/4R); the prevailing view is that the orexigenic neuropeptide agouti-related peptide (AgRP) ex

170 Further, CTRP13 and the orexigenic neuropeptide agouti-related protein (AgRP) re

171 ed leptin signaling and leptin regulation of orexigenic neuropeptide expression in the hypothalamus.

172 BMAL1, in turn, controls expression of orexigenic neuropeptide expression in the MBH.

173 striction alone reduced Ctrp13 and increased orexigenic neuropeptide gene (Npy and Agrp) expression i

174 The orexigenic neuropeptide ghrelin is an endogeneous ligand

175 Surprisingly, absence of the orexigenic neuropeptide NPY fails to alter feeding or bo

176 d intake, body weight, and mRNA level of the orexigenic neuropeptide NPY.

177 Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) is an orexigenic neuropeptide produced by neurons of the later

178 we sought to investigate the role of MCH, an orexigenic neuropeptide specifically expressed in the la

179 melanin concentrating hormone (MCH), another orexigenic neuropeptide system located in the LHA that i

180 Therefore, these orexigenic neuropeptide systems are potential candidates

181 n and insulin, 2) activation of hypothalamic orexigenic neuropeptide systems NPY, AGRP, orexin (OX) a

182 ated protein (AGRP) is a recently discovered orexigenic neuropeptide that inhibits the binding and ac

183 The expression of the orexigenic neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the hypothalamus to t

184 In contrast, kisspeptin inhibits orexigenic neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurons through an indir

185 The DMH contains orexigenic neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurons, but the role of

186 had similar inhibitory effects on identified orexigenic neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurons.

187 Similarly, ARC expression of orexigenic neuropeptide Y was decreased and ventricular

188 Orexigenic neuropeptide Y was inhibitory by pre- and pos

189 ic peptide cholecystokinin, but inhibited by orexigenic neuropeptide Y, dynorphin and met-enkephalin,

190 omelanocortin (POMC) neurons and inhibit the orexigenic neuropeptide Y/agouti-related peptide (AgRP)

191 esults in a specific 50% decrease in another orexigenic neuropeptide, QRFP, that might explain the me

192 ion channel; and reduced inhibition by local orexigenic neuropeptide-Y/GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)

193 are capable of detection and integration of orexigenic (neuropeptide Y [NPY]) and anorexigenic (mela

194 ing-induced effects on the expression of key orexigenic (neuropeptide Y and agouti-related protein) a

195 Activation of tanycytes ex vivo depolarized orexigenic (neuropeptide Y/agouti-related protein; NPY/A

196 the effects of C75 on the expression of key orexigenic [neuropeptide Y (NPY), agouti-related protein

197 mus of B2KO mice, expression of genes coding orexigenic neuropeptides (including Neuropeptide y and A

198 r, C75, rapidly suppresses the expression of orexigenic neuropeptides [neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agout

199 tion of AMPK inhibits mRNA expression of the orexigenic neuropeptides Agouti-related peptide and mela

200 nd ultimately enhances the expression of the orexigenic neuropeptides agouti-related protein (AgRP) a

201 These include the orexigenic neuropeptides AgRP and NPY for specifying AgR

202 sults showed a loss in glucose regulation of orexigenic neuropeptides and an abnormal expression of a

203 S), blocked fasting-induced up-regulation of orexigenic neuropeptides and down-regulation of anorexig

204 tarragon extract PMI-5011 activated Klf4 and orexigenic neuropeptides and reduced peripheral insulin

205 atment with ceramide induced food intake and orexigenic neuropeptides expression in CPT1C KO mice.

206 (NPY) and Agouti-related protein (AgRP), two orexigenic neuropeptides known to stimulate food intake

207 up-regulation of expression of hypothalamic orexigenic neuropeptides neuropeptide Y and agouti-relat

208 or increased hypothalamic expression of the orexigenic neuropeptides NPY and MCH.

209 the projection pattern and association with orexigenic neuropeptides suggest that brainstem PYY neur

210 ork has explored seasonal differences in the orexigenic neuropeptides that regulate food intake in wi

211 e decreased feeding, decreased expression of orexigenic neuropeptides, protection from high-fat diet-

212 ntrast to those seen with well-characterized orexigenic neuropeptides, such as NPY and AgRP, suggesti

213 recedented described regulation of these two orexigenic neuropeptides.

214 glucokinase activity affected release of the orexigenic neurotransmitter neuropeptide Y in response t

215 behavior and body weight and a controller of orexigenic NPY neuron activity, thereby providing insigh

216 own signal that drives the expression of the orexigenic NPY signal within the DMH, and that the chron

217 pposite ways, increasing the activity of the orexigenic NPY/AgRP neurons and decreasing the activity

218 gulation, respectively, of the expression of orexigenic (NPY and AgRP) and anorexigenic (POMC and CAR

219 i.c.v. C75 on the expression of hypothalamic orexigenic (NPY and AgRP) and anorexigenic (proopiomelan

220 adopt either the anorexigenic (POMC) or the orexigenic (NPY/AgRP) identity remains elusive.

221 In contrast, the orexigenic opioid agonists [D-Ala(2), N-Me-Phe(4), Gly-o

222 ges by brain cells and subsequent release of orexigenic or anorexigenic neuropeptides, is a crucial p

223 ulating a switch between states that promote orexigenic or anorexigenic signalling through mechanisms

224 c activity, stress, or circulating levels of orexigenic or satiety factors.

225 The orexigenic peptide Agouti Related Peptide (AgRP) also pr

226 ior will be attenuated in the absence of the orexigenic peptide AgRP.

227 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a well-established orexigenic peptide and hypothalamic paraventricular nucl

228 A new orexigenic peptide called hypocretin (orexin) has recent

229 nd that deletion of a gene encoding a single orexigenic peptide can result in leanness.

230 Ghrelin, a novel 28-amino acid orexigenic peptide discovered in 1999, has given us furt

231 The orexigenic peptide ghrelin (Ghr) stimulates hunger signa

232 The recently discovered orexigenic peptide ghrelin is produced primarily by the

233 d megestrol acetate and emerging data on the orexigenic peptide ghrelin, in human cachexia and wastin

234 This interaction links the orexigenic peptide hormone ghrelin to lipid transport an

235 a marked sensitivity during gestation of the orexigenic peptide neurons to low nicotine doses that ma

236 signal for increasing the expression of the orexigenic peptide neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the hypothala

237 lso exhibit increased gene expression of the orexigenic peptide neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the hypothala

238 e to third ventricular (3V) infusions of the orexigenic peptide neuropeptide Y 3-36 in awake, freely

239 As AgRP and the orexigenic peptide NPY are coexpressed in neurons of the

240 Ghrelin, a potent orexigenic peptide released from the stomach, is propose

241 awley rats examined the possibility that the orexigenic peptide systems, enkephalin (ENK) and orexin

242 Agouti-related protein (AGRP) is a potent orexigenic peptide that antagonizes the melanocortin-3 a

243 The agouti-related protein (AgRP) is an orexigenic peptide that plays a significant role in the

244 Ghrelin is an orexigenic peptide that stimulates food intake by activa

245 agouti-related protein (Agrp) is a powerful orexigenic peptide, but little is known about its transc

246 ral nucleus of the amygdala, OX, and another orexigenic peptide, melanin-concentrating hormone, in th

247 presynaptically to stimulate release of the orexigenic peptide, neuropeptide Y, and other neurotrans

248 , whereas neuropeptide Y (NPY), a well-known orexigenic peptide, stimulates it.

249 The failure of an increase in orexigenic peptides and higher thermogenesis may contrib

250 ease of ghrelin may stimulate the release of orexigenic peptides and neurotransmitters, thus represen

251 The orexigenic peptides hypocretin (orexin) and melanin-conc

252 take (FI) occurs concomitant with changes in orexigenic peptides such as neuropeptide Y (NPY) and ano

253 by hypothalamic neuropeptides that promote (orexigenic peptides) or inhibit feeding.

254 igher expression levels and synthesis of the orexigenic peptides, enkephalin, orexin and melanin-conc

255 day 15 (P15), showed increased expression of orexigenic peptides, galanin, enkephalin, and dynorphin,

256 ration of 2-DG alters gene expression of the orexigenic peptides, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and endogenous

257 In addition to orexigenic peptides, NPY neurons also release the inhibi

258 nsitivity of the IGL/VLG to anorexigenic and orexigenic peptides, such as cholecystokinin, glucagon-l

259 t food intake and hypothalamic expression of orexigenic peptides.

260 proportion of the new neurons expressed the orexigenic peptides.

261 fat diet affected the IGL/VLG sensitivity to orexigenic peptides.

262 tion, and addressed the possibility that the orexigenic potency of SHU9119 is simply masked by the re

263 These data suggest an unexpected robust orexigenic potential for the ZI GABA neurons.

264 coupled receptor, has been reported to have orexigenic properties through activation by the endogeno

265 signals and their constitutive expression of orexigenic receptors and neuropeptides.

266 entral MC3/4-R, but did not produce an acute orexigenic response by itself.

267 tion of [FG]N/OFQ(1-13)NH(2) does not affect orexigenic response to N/OFQ.

268 tors as the most likely mediators of the NPY orexigenic response.

269 weight BT, a dose known to induce a maximal orexigenic response.

270 Together, the FAAH A/A genotype amplifies orexigenic responses and decreases anorexigenic response

271 Orexigenic responses to 2-AG were attenuated by AM251, a

272 FAAH A/A mice likewise presented exaggerated orexigenic responses to ghrelin, while FAAH knockdown in

273 of feeding by comparing rats' anorectic and orexigenic responses to naloxone and butorphanol, respec

274 ivity, which we posit disinhibits downstream orexigenic responses.

275 ggesting a physiologic role of motilin as an orexigenic signal from the gastrointestinal tract.

276 europeptide Y (NPY) is a potent hypothalamic orexigenic signal, and leptin secreted by adipocytes reg

277 ts in the central nervous system as a potent orexigenic signal.

278 eptide Y (NPY) is the most potent endogenous orexigenic signal.

279 inactivation of hypothalamic AMPK, decreased orexigenic signaling in the hypothalamus, increased ener

280 ctions of BDNF with central anorexigenic and orexigenic signaling pathways and evidence of recognized

281 rmonal and nutrient-derived anorexigenic and orexigenic signals and in energy balance.

282 ) causes obesity, it has been suggested that orexigenic signals are more redundant than those limitin

283 gal blockade is proposed to inhibit aberrant orexigenic signals arising in obesity as a putative mech

284 upled receptor Gpr17 as an effector of FOXO1 orexigenic signals in AgRP neurons.

285 al role of MCH and to test the redundancy of orexigenic signals, we generated mice carrying a targete

286 ggesting decreased sensitivity to additional orexigenic signals.

287 pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) subtypes, and an orexigenic somatostatin neuron population.

288 he behavioural response to both anorexic and orexigenic stimuli, with MC3R knockout mice demonstratin

289 ively, this multimodal approach describes an orexigenic subnetwork within the human hippocampus impli

290 Pharmacological intervention directed at the orexigenic system may prove to be an attractive avenue t

291 bodies that is brought about by increases in orexigenic systems, there are also effects at the ARH to

292 pression of AgRP by cooperating with the key orexigenic transcription factors glucocorticoid receptor

293 owed that VMHAno4 neurons represent a unique orexigenic VMH population and transmit a positive valenc

294 of NPY (50 pmol) and ghrelin (50 pmol) were orexigenic while UcnI (10-40 pmol) reliably suppressed f