ライフサイエンスコーパス: oxidation state

1 ](3) Np(THF)(2) , maintaining the trivalent oxidation state.

2 by the binding thermodynamics of each metal oxidation state.

3 reactions at high-valent Ni as a function of oxidation state.

4 Phi(F)(3)] of 7.5 in quantum efficiency with oxidation state.

5 tead depends exponentially on the average Co oxidation state.

6 een rendered electrophilic by changes to the oxidation state.

7 allow crustal reservoirs, as well as Earth's oxidation state.

8 ll three imide complexes are in the iron(IV) oxidation state.

9 ch uses a reagent platform based on the P(V) oxidation state.

10 te, elemental composition, iron content, and oxidation state.

11 ric field, can significantly increase the Ni oxidation state.

12 t are strongly depleted in Ce, implying high oxidation state.

13 y decrease with decreasing average manganese oxidation state.

14 able to stabilize chromium in its zerovalent oxidation state.

15 re planar Fe complexes with changes in metal oxidation state.

16 ononuclear BDFE(OH)s which increase with the oxidation state.

17 hich contains uranium in the formal divalent oxidation state.

18 of the central low-spin Fe(II) to the Fe(I) oxidation state.

19 f the iron center from ferric to the ferrous oxidation state.

20 nd contraction in response to changing their oxidation state.

21 formation of diamagnetic compounds in the +2 oxidation state.

22 inage metals and stabilize both low and high oxidation states.

23 the metal atoms are in unusually low formal oxidation states.

24 cur when the porphyrin units have fractional oxidation states.

25 ly occur in the +3, or more recently the +2, oxidation states.

26 tain binding site access to form high-valent oxidation states.

27 ich is known to support iron in high and low oxidation states.

28 tivity that may provide information on tumor oxidation states.

29 lkali cation content depends on the M and M' oxidation states.

30 thermodynamic square schemes of the cluster oxidation states.

31 solubilities of >1 M in acetonitrile in all oxidation states.

32 ual oxidation states such as Cu and Ni in +1 oxidation states.

33 ommon than those in the neighboring 0 and +2 oxidation states.

34 es with the formation of Fe(4+) and mixed Ni oxidation states.

35 s containing the same metal ion at different oxidation states.

36 positions in terms of ligand environment and oxidation states.

37 ect description of the Mn(4)CaO(5) cluster's oxidation states.

38 centers that are isoelectric at both copper oxidation states.

39 romethanopterin, and coenzyme M at different oxidation states.

40 n's inert ferric core into more reactive low-oxidation-states.

41 neous chemical disproportionation of H(2) (H oxidation state 0) into H(-) (H oxidation state -1) and

42 ) in the form of NH(2-) /NH(2) (-) /NH(3) (H oxidation state +1) in the absence of applied current, r

43 ields bearing the Ge2(2+) ion with Ge in the oxidation state +1.

44 n of H(2) (H oxidation state 0) into H(-) (H oxidation state -1) and H(+) in the form of NH(2-) /NH(2

45 iron-sulphur cluster that is stable in three oxidation states: 2+, 1+, and 0.

46 nverse-trans-influence may occur beyond high oxidation state 5f metals and hence could encompass mid-

47 ate (80 pi electrons) and aromatic in its 6+ oxidation state (78 pi electrons).

48 of 2.4 nanometres, is antiaromatic in its 4+ oxidation state (80 pi electrons) and aromatic in its 6+

49 rphology(6), grain boundaries(7), facets(8), oxidation state(9) and dopants(10).

50 nic demands of the metal center at different oxidation states accessed within the catalytic cycle.

51 f metals and hence could encompass mid-range oxidation state actinides and lanthanides.

52 antiomerically enriched amines often demands oxidation-state adjustments, protection and deprotection

53 suggested that NKP-1339 remains in its +III oxidation state after 24 hours and at least one of the f

54 ms are found to be predominantly in the zero oxidation state after citrate coordination, although tra

55 first example of a well-defined binary, low-oxidation-state aluminum hydride species that is stable

56 An initial route generated lower oxidation state analogs but failed in delivering a cruci

57 n electron-rich, mid-, low- or even negative oxidation state and a ligand with a pai* orbital.

58 ) chloride as a commercially available, high-oxidation state and bench-stable pre-catalyst to provide

59 in situ DRIFT spectroscopy consolidates the oxidation state and CO adsorption of Rh.

60 For M = Ti, Ti maintains its +IV oxidation state and Co(+II) is reduced to Co(+I).

61 pears to be influenced by the initial source oxidation state and composition.

62 is controlled by changing the constitution, oxidation state and conformation.

63 suggests that surface Ag atoms are in the +1 oxidation state and coordinated to 2-ABT via Ag-S bonds.

64 l field effect and the effects and trends in oxidation state and covalency.

65 lly active elements can drastically alter Se oxidation state and form, impacting its bioavailability.

66 nts were performed to identify sorbed uranyl oxidation state and its environment.

67 and low affinity sites as a function of the oxidation state and loadings.

68 R X-ray beam exposure induces changes in the oxidation state and local coordination environment of Cr

69 ray absorption spectroscopy to determine the oxidation state and local coordination of sorbed Tl.

70 companied by the variation in surface copper oxidation state and local electronic structure of zinc,

71 to investigate the structural evolution and oxidation state and local structural changes of V(2)O(5)

72 vant classes of DOS compounds (in terms of S oxidation state and molecular structure) can liberate su

73 lony and its microenvironment and the copper oxidation state and succession of copper coordinating li

74 Depending on its oxidation state and the environmental conditions, it can

75 ption spectroscopy (XAS) confirmed the Fe(V) oxidation state and the presence of a Fe(V) =O bond at ~

76 iation kinetics, which vary as a function of oxidation state and the presence/absence of visible ligh

77 The Ti atoms occur in both Ti(3+) and Ti(4+) oxidation states and are located on the Si sites.

78 An observed correlation between Co oxidation states and catalytic current for both isotopic

79 acilitated by their diversity in structures, oxidation states and chemistry.

80 nd condition-dependent changes in metabolite oxidation states and elucidation of the mechanisms where

81 bal paratropic ring current in its 4+ and 8+ oxidation states and of a global diatropic ring current

82 the electrochemical method exhibit different oxidation states and reaction intermediates as well as e

83 However, the difficult access to their high oxidation states and the general labile character of the

84 ed in situ XAS to track the evolution of the oxidation states and the metal-oxygen distances not only

85 terising molecules in terms of their charge, oxidation state, and chirality via optoplasmonics.

86 mapping, crystal structure, composition and oxidation states, and surface area measurements of prist

87 New redox systems with three oxidation states are highly sought-after, for example, f

88 oscopy data expose the fact that interfacial oxidation states are not consistent with nominal charge

89 Such higher oxidation states are reached after excessive exposure to

90 1 is isolated with HOTP(3-) bearing the same oxidation state as found in the oxy-bridged MOF, the tri

91 on of tetrahedral S(-I) sites, with the same oxidation state as in arsenopyrite (FeAsS), although rar

92 tures have energies that complicate physical oxidation state assignment.

93 4S](2+) states, the SpReAD analysis supports oxidation states assignments for all irons in these clus

94 Further, at this oxidation state at neutral and basic pH, the Ru complex

95 transformation between the Cu(I) and Cu(II) oxidation states being key to its speciation, bioavailab

96 tep which leads to the easy switching of the oxidation state between Mn(III) and Mn(IV) that is criti

97 gen atom donor, and returned in its original oxidation state by the trifluoromethylarene.

98 on of the ring current in the 4+, 6+, and 8+ oxidation states by (19)F NMR, demonstrating that the ri

99 elective stabilization or destabilization of oxidation states can preferentially promote hydrogen oxi

100 anometallic reaction step involving a formal oxidation state change of -2 at a transition-metal cente

101 edge spectroscopy (XANES) suggested a formal oxidation state change of Mn(II)2 in 1 to Mn(II) Mn(III)

102 hanical properties, morphology evolution and oxidation state changes during electrochemical processes

103 cumulation at the interface, indicating that oxidation-state changes do not necessarily reflect charg

104 oichiometry, subtle lattice distortions, and oxidation-state changes.

105 he first N-O bond on the *N site, while high oxidation state Co assists in stabilizing the absorbed O

106 and that Hg forms of different mobility and oxidation state coexist in the subsurface.

107 ction of the surface arsenic (30-60%) has an oxidation state consistent with As(0).

108 he Fe analogue undergoes a ferrous-to-ferric oxidation state conversion during this reaction.

109 -energy interfacial Mn-O-Co species and high oxidation state CoO, from which electrons are drawn by M

110 these interactions are used to construct an oxidation-state-coupled molecular switching manifold tha

111 ts with redox Western blots of Prx3 and Prx2 oxidation states demonstrated reasonable trend agreement

112 Herein, we describe how oxidation-state-dependent changes at the active site alt

113 Formal oxidation states derived from electron spectroscopy data

114 e possibility of application of TXRF for the oxidation state determination and elemental speciation o

115 formation from birnessite, perhaps aided by oxidation-state differences.

116 c structure of the oxygen-deficient cluster (oxidation state distribution = [V(III)V(IV)(5)]).

117 ystal structure evolution and changes of the oxidation states during cycling.

118 where Cu ions cycle between Cu(I) and Cu(II) oxidation states during SCR reaction.

119 This can cause uranium to condense out in oxidation states (e.g., UO(3) vs UO(2)) that have differ

120 eling, a systematic variation of linker atom oxidation state enables fine regulation of layer stackin

121 t, it is possible to detect the rate of iron oxidation state evolution that matches that of the bimol

122 iciency of the redox reactions depend on the oxidation state (Fe(2+)/Fe(3+) ratio) and structural dis

123 provided unique insights into how changes in oxidation state (Fe(III)2 Fe(II) Mn(II) vs. Fe(III)3 Mn(

124 Tetraoxy-anion of iron in +6 oxidation state (Fe(VI)O(4)(2-), Fe(VI)), commonly calle

125 We report a new formal oxidation state for plutonium, namely Pu(2+) in [K(2.2.2

126 calculations support retention of the Co(II) oxidation state for the experimentally observed adduct (

127 unambiguous assignment of the positions and oxidation states for the periodic table neighbors in the

128 tion, use, and storage, without altering the oxidation state, for 6 months.

129 attributed to differences in aerosol carbon oxidation state [Formula: see text].

130 iscrete methyl intermediate where the formal oxidation state (FOS) on the carbon remains unchanged at

131 h a concomitant change in the formal uranium oxidation state from +3 in 1 to +4 in 2.

132 to stabilize the catalytically active Co(I) oxidation state from deleterious disproportionation reac

133 ion-the use of metal precursors in different oxidation states from that found in the final MOF-to kin

134 In order to confirm the surface morphology, oxidation states, functional groups and charge transfer

135 inear monoterpene linalool generated a lower oxidation state guaianolide but was not compatible with

136 MO-H BDFEs to date and (ii) that the higher oxidation state had a lower BDFE(OH), which is counter t

137 ing a redox-active ligand in three different oxidation states has been synthesized, including the imi

138 ry of heteroaromatic sulfides with different oxidation states, heteroatom substitutions, and a series

139 ilization of Ru centers with slightly higher oxidation states, higher dissolution potentials, lower s

140 table gold-phosphine complexes with variable oxidation states hold promise in anticancer drug discove

141 w-valent pnictogen catalysis cycling between oxidation states I and III, and proved useful for the hy

142 The mu(e) of the Pu oxidation states +III to +VI have been measured.

143 ounds and that, if the metal ion changes its oxidation state in the cytosol as V does, unstable compl

144 omputational characterization of mixed-metal oxidation states in heterogeneous catalysts.

145 Here, we examined the role of HMGB1 oxidation states in human IRI following liver transplant

146 um element able to exhibit both +III and +IV oxidation states in solution, but evidence of a stable o

147 monitor of toxicity of uranium (in the U(VI) oxidation state) in a plant cell model of Brassica napus

148 alf or fully conducting form (i.e. different oxidation states) in acetonitrile containing 0.01 M KTFA

149 tase that reduces ferric iron to the ferrous oxidation state, in the Broad Institute Cancer Cell Line

150 complexes of heavy transition metals in high oxidation states, including NbIV, MoIV/V, WIV/V, and ReV

151 xides in the nuclear fuel cycle, since their oxidation state influences fuel lifetimes, stability, an

152 However, the origin of low-oxidation-state iron and the pathways responsible for it

153 se two species are a potential source of low-oxidation-state iron in AD.

154 Atypical low-oxidation-state iron phases in Alzheimer's disease (AD)

155 m-chemical results suggest that the formal U oxidation state is +4 in the U(2)C(2) cluster, and each

156 The paratropic ring current in the 4+ oxidation state is about four times stronger than that i

157 Additionally, the piperazine oxidation state is accessible via an iron-catalyzed redu

158 Here we demonstrate that the +IV oxidation state is also accessible for the large praseod

159 Here we show that the +4 oxidation state is also accessible in a molecular compou

160 nder aerobic conditions in which the Fe(III) oxidation state is favored, Fe(II) withholding by CP was

161 Aggregation of chromophores diverse in oxidation state is the key structural property underlyin

162 The uranyl ion (UO(2)(2+); U(VI) oxidation state) is the most common form of uranium foun

163 However, at oxidation state IV, complex 2(+) becomes seven coordinat

164 f generating a highly unusual Fe(IV)Fe(IV)=O oxidation state, known to be responsible for long-range

165 tion state VII) as well as in reduced forms (oxidation state < VII), collectively known as non-pertec

166 comprised of early transition metals in high oxidation states (mainly V, Mo and W).

167 and easily cycle between Ce(III) and Ce(IV) oxidation states, making them prime candidates for comme

168 The described investigations focus on oxidation-state manipulation around the central cyclohep

169 heir modern counterparts, consistent with Fe-oxidation states measured on ancient igneous rocks.

170 capability of strong back-pai-bonding to low-oxidation-state metal ions, which has proved important i

171 Soluble manganese in the intermediate +III oxidation state (Mn(3+) ) is a newly identified oxidant

172 d by using a spinel system with mixed cation oxidation states (Mn(x) Fe(3-) (x) O(4) ).

173 3)-H bonds occurs via the sequence of nickel oxidation states Ni(I)-Ni(II)-Ni(I)-Ni(III) and of eleme

174 quences may be viable redox pathways in high-oxidation-state nickel catalysis.

175 erein, we report the stabilization of higher-oxidation-state Np dioxocations in aqueous chloride solu

176 ad group of the sulfonated PFASs retained an oxidation state of +V after adsorption.

177 Analysis of charge states reveals a formal oxidation state of -2 for ozone anions in CaO(3).

178 al pressures to approach a target average Cu oxidation state of 1+ for gamma-Al(2)O(3)-supported Cu.

179 ses in the nanometer order by modulating the oxidation state of a film of a conducting polymer, such

180 the liquid phase that involve changes of the oxidation state of a metal center, and it is particularl

181 timal for its catalytic performance and a Mo oxidation state of ca. +4.

182 when the metabolites were assigned a nominal oxidation state of carbon (NOSC), we found that the turf

183 ation in reduced-parameter frameworks (e.g., oxidation state of carbon vs carbon number) revealed tha

184 deposited Cu surface which primarily has the oxidation state of Cu(I).

185 We measured the oxidation state of cytochrome c oxidase, an intracellula

186 titutes a new approach to characterizing the oxidation state of edible oils.

187 This signal implies an overall oxidation state of either Mn(III)(3)Mn(IV) or Mn(III)Mn(

188 )/Co(II) as well as the essentially constant oxidation state of Fe during the CV suggests collaborati

189 me ever, we are able to locally identify the oxidation state of iron compounds encrusting the 5 to 10

190 ide nanomaterial corresponding to a specific oxidation state of Manganese.

191 cleavage in methane is favored as the local oxidation state of Ni increases.

192 We report that the oxidation state of PEG-thiol is key to anisotropic silic

193 degrees C, isoprene emissions, ETR, and the oxidation state of PSII reaction centers (q(L) ) increas

194 ti-technique characterization identifies the oxidation state of Rh in CuRhBTC as +2, which is a Rh ox

195 The oxidation state of rocky interiors affects the volatile

196 Na doping increases the oxidation state of Ru, thereby displacing positively O p

197 The formation of this oxidation state of Sc is also indicated by the eight-lin

198 speciation of Fe(III) oxides as well as the oxidation state of structural Fe in PS, which could sign

199 somerization rates can be controlled via the oxidation state of the catalyst, which, together with th

200 ental organometallic steps by modulating the oxidation state of the cobalt complex.

201 Understanding the role of the oxidation state of the Cu surface and surface-adsorbed i

202 ates that the semiquinonate is the preferred oxidation state of the dioxo ligand in this complex.

203 charged complexes 1-4 in which the preferred oxidation state of the dioxo ligand is the uninegatively

204 he plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) ISM, the oxidation state of the electrodeposited PPy-PFOS was adj

205 This shows that the oxidation state of the highly hydrophobic PEDOTF-TFAB fi

206 Thus, the oxidation state of the iron center modulates not only th

207 zyme-mediated transformations that alter the oxidation state of the macrocycle and also modify its si

208 of late transition metals correlate with the oxidation state of the metal and can be explained by hyp

209 ct nature of the coordination sphere and the oxidation state of the metal is of utmost importance.

210 or mu-OH(-) groups), and altering the formal oxidation state of the metal.

211 What is the oxidation state of the metals?

212 PBM protected against the disruption of the oxidation state of the mitochondrial respiratory chain o

213 e high valent oxoiron complex depends on the oxidation state of the nascent Fe-OH complex.

214 The oxidation state of the phosphorus atom and the nature of

215 ridophenazine) were tailored by changing the oxidation state of the pyrazine-based bridging ligand.

216 Differences in the oxidation state of these metals were found between the c

217 icts access to another biologically relevant oxidation state of this metal, Fe(II).

218 r tetraatomic boron(0) unit with the average oxidation state of zero.

219 reduced Mn(II) was oxidized to an average Mn oxidation state of ~3 in the absence of arsenate.

220 ted single atom ruthenium was kept under the oxidation states of 4+ even at high overpotential due to

221 n effect of fullerene cages and the variable oxidation states of actinide elements can lead to the st

222 We tested this prediction measuring oxidation states of cytochrome c oxidase (oxCCO), an int

223 distinct complexes 1, 2, and 3, in which the oxidation states of each Rh center are Rh(2)(I,I), Rh(2)

224 igh-contrast ptychographic images showed two oxidation states of individual nanoparticles with a reso

225 potential, and resulting alterations in the oxidation states of intracellular metabolites and enzyme

226 The oxidation states of manganese minerals in the geological

227 e magnetization could be traced to the mixed oxidation states of Pd(2+)/Pd(4+) dispersed in polar PbT

228 e stabilization/destabilization of different oxidation states of the active site metal cluster.

229 copper complexes with different geometries, oxidation states of the metal, and redox activities were

230 sing mechanism is owing to the Ni(2+)/Ni(3+) oxidation states of the NiO(x) membrane, which is confir

231 Knowledge of the manganese oxidation states of the oxygen-evolving Mn(4)CaO(5) clus

232 unambiguous assignment of the positions and oxidation states of the Periodic Table neighbors Fe and

233 to probe charge transport through different oxidation states of the polyoxometalate, and we report h

234 s on tetranuclear complexes mirroring the Mn oxidation states of the S(3) state remain rare.

235 s within SmB(6) , corresponding to different oxidation states of the Sm.

236 e illicit drug, thus profiling the different oxidation states of the substance at different pHs.

237 (57) Fe Mossbauer study discloses metal oxidation states of W(IV) (2) Fe(II) (4) Fe(III) (2) wit

238 c location may explain the regulation of the oxidation state on Pol delta activity, possibly useful d

239 s and critically assess the effect of copper oxidation state on virus removal capacity.

240 This is independent of the oxidation state or petrological type of the chondrites.

241 rs are better described as approaching a +II oxidation state, originating from highly covalent metal-

242 tion of carbon number (n(C)), average carbon oxidation state (OS C), and volatility (C*).

243 (-3)) consisted of reduced compounds (carbon oxidation state, OS(C) < -0.5) with high volatility (log

244 ibersite), condensed phosphates, and reduced oxidation state phosphorus compounds, which could have b

245 )) of the actinides Th and U-Am in different oxidation states (prepared in 1 M HCl and 1 M HClO(4)) h

246 resistance in the circuit affecting the PANI oxidation states, producing a different electrochromic r

247 The physical oxidation state range of the Fe complexes in this transf

248 rs are air stable and have a distribution of oxidation states ranging from Cu(0) to Cu(I), making the

249 Seventeen Cu complexes with formal oxidation states ranging from Cu(I) to Cu(III) are inves

250 This motif was supported in multiple Fe oxidation states, ranging from [Fe(II)(2)Fe(III)(2)] to

251 verlooked active sites, transition-metal-ion oxidation states, reaction intermediates, and lattice-ox

252 O(3) , was used to investigate the manganese oxidation state relating to the oxygen evolution reactio

253 he investigation of its compounds in various oxidation states remains uneven and those in the +1 oxid

254 These complexes have formal Co(-I) oxidation states, representing the only coordination com

255 The recent emergence of oxidation state selective probes of cellular iron has pr

256 ts unique polycyclic core, with the two high oxidation state side chains introduced in a single step

257 t the free energy of N2 binding across three oxidation states spans more than 37 kcal mol(-1).

258 ity-based detection of Fe(2+) with metal and oxidation state specificity.

259 nds to Cu(I) with high metal selectivity and oxidation-state specificity and facilitates ratiometric

260 (8) support, including the interplay between oxidation state, substrate coordination, and metal-suppo

261 ins are known to stabilize metals in unusual oxidation states such as Cu and Ni in +1 oxidation state

262 Structures of CopG in two oxidation states support the assignment of this protein

263 and cellular metabolism, as well as a lower oxidation state that correlated with their enhanced prol

264 state of Rh in CuRhBTC as +2, which is a Rh oxidation state that has not previously been observed fo

265 by the appropriate choice of the metal, its oxidation state, the number and types of ligands, and th

266 electronic states of the P-cluster in three oxidation states through exhaustive many-electron wavefu

267 be promoted in a macrocycle by adjusting its oxidation state to suppress the local ring currents of i

268 cutive reductions to adjust the mycocyclosin oxidation state to that observed in the herquline class

269 allol[4]arene to react with metals in higher oxidation states to assemble into atomically-precise hex

270 t symmetrizes the molecular core and enables oxidation states to be embedded in the starting material

271 of all compounds and allowed assignments of oxidation states to iron and NO ligands.

272 g., U(3)O(8)) and sensitivity of the uranium oxidation states to local redox conditions highlight the

273 reactivity of the complexes in their higher oxidation states toward substrates with modest O-H bond

274 lectively cleavable in the presence of a low-oxidation-state transition metal.

275 ) ) sites, exploiting the reactivity of high-oxidation-state transition-metal fluoride complexes comb

276 Oxidation state transitions involve a one- or two-electr

277 and the MOF structure stabilizes the Rh(2+) oxidation state under reaction conditions.

278 ggregation state (single vs. few layers) and oxidation state (unmodified graphene vs. oxidized graphe

279 alline form, involves an electron-poor, high-oxidation-state uranium(V) 5f(1) ion that is pai back-bo

280 )C(S)SCH(Me)Ph with the P atom either in the oxidation state V [R/X = t-Bu/O (6), Ph/S, (7), t-Bu/S (

281 de isomerization barriers within a series of oxidation state variants.

282 rdered on cycling while its average vanadium oxidation state varies from 3 to 4.5.

283 ste, Tc exists as pertechnetate (TcO(4)(-)) (oxidation state VII) as well as in reduced forms (oxidat

284 mechanism over the Cu catalysts with various oxidation states was studied by using in situ surface-en

285 uating complexes in the Ni(0), (I), and (II) oxidation states we report a precatalyst, (dppf)Ni(o-tol

286 m [Fe(II)(2)Fe(III)(2)] to [Fe(III)(4)]; two oxidation states were structurally characterized by sing

287 a family of early 3d or 4f metals in the +2 oxidation states where the ground state is effectively a

288 s their thermal oxides contain several metal-oxidation states, whereas controls using Al or Cr nanola

289 availability depends upon its solubility and oxidation state, which are strongly influenced by comple

290 I-modified ITO SPE induces a change in their oxidation state, which in turn generates a color change

291 H, and S in the solid Earth depends on their oxidation states, which are related to oxygen fugacity (

292 typically require transition metals in high oxidation states, which can be easily achieved using d(0

293 chemical properties and feature three stable oxidation states, which could be fully characterized inc

294 ysteines are reported to occupy these higher oxidation states, which effectively inactivate the corre

295 nic structure that maintains a formal Fe(II) oxidation state with a doubly reduced ligand system.

296 in its terminal domains, hPDI exists in two oxidation states with different conformational preferenc

297 crystal that exhibits intriguing bonding and oxidation states with profound geological implications.

298 at could reconcile model predictions of Prx3 oxidation states with the experimental observations.

299 The coupling of two different oxidation states with two different charge-transfer stat

300 dicates that the metals are in the following oxidation states: Y(3+), Zr(4+), and U(5+/6+).