ライフサイエンスコーパス: oxygen tension

1 lly damaging stimuli (e.g. sunlight and high oxygen tension).

2 ked contrast, this effect was lost under low oxygen tension.

3 chondria and a reduction of the interstitial oxygen tension.

4 liferative capacity of adult cells under low oxygen tension.

5 pecies (ROS) are generated in regions of low oxygen tension.

6 gulating the cellular response to changes in oxygen tension.

7 stream signals composed of TGF-beta1, RA and oxygen tension.

8 eobacteria to sense environmental changes in oxygen tension.

9 tously expressed, regardless of the level of oxygen tension.

10 ble factor (HIF) activity in response to low oxygen tension.

11 nse of all mammalian cells to alterations in oxygen tension.

12 a single threshold for harm from supranormal oxygen tension.

13 ) mutants, of PDO300 were isolated under low oxygen tension.

14 a redox signal even in the presence of high oxygen tension.

15 microRNAs, which fine-tune adaptation to low oxygen tension.

16 egulated in cardiac myocytes on a decline in oxygen tension.

17 tically with decreasing pH or with decreased oxygen tension.

18 pendent degradation irrespective of cellular oxygen tension.

19 red oxygen (Fio(2)) and have a high arterial oxygen tension.

20 bient (20% O(2)) and physiological (5% O(2)) oxygen tension.

21 elative to iPs, under conditions of elevated oxygen tension.

22 is despite normal serum Epo levels and blood oxygen tension.

23 endothelium-specific response to increasing oxygen tension.

24 ressing fibrinolysis under conditions of low oxygen tension.

25 t neonatal cardiomyocytes are exposed to low oxygen tension.

26 ong-term persistence under conditions of low oxygen tension.

27 ced a 65% to 70% reduction in blood flow and oxygen tension.

28 selective for L-DHA, and up-regulated by low oxygen tension.

29 nd mediates IEC homeostatic responses to low oxygen tension.

30 and constitutively expressed irrespective of oxygen tension.

31 zes inside red blood cells (RBCs) in reduced oxygen tension.

32 bre calcium handling at a near-physiological oxygen tension.

33 tiguing contractions at a near-physiological oxygen tension.

34 ment in the first trimester occurs under low oxygen tension.

35 A-MB-468 cells with time and with increasing oxygen tension.

36 n of cyclic mechanical strain and controlled oxygen tension.

37 s one source of the underlying variations in oxygen tension.

38 converted back to reduced holo-mNT under low oxygen tension.

39 elopment in response to tissue mechanics and oxygen tension.

40 onsive genes to facilitate adaptation to low oxygen tension.

41 d of niches that house cells across variable oxygen tensions.

42 and recovery following starvation under high oxygen tensions.

43 s hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) at normal oxygen tensions.

44 activity over a wide range of physiological oxygen tensions.

45 ectly mediate cellular adaptation to reduced oxygen tensions.

46 levels in the cell increase with decreasing oxygen tensions.

47 onmetal-binding hypoxia mimetics and reduced oxygen tensions.

48 atory conditions are primarily controlled by oxygen tensions.

49 behaves as a nitric oxide (NO) donor at low oxygen tensions.

50 ns, and the subsequent 6 at near-physiologic oxygen tensions.

51 ates for efficient catalysis under different oxygen tensions.

52 oth are used for respiration under different oxygen tensions.

53 during placentation, which occurs under low oxygen tensions.

54 potential strategy to rapidly raise arterial oxygen tensions.

55 Culturing cells under low oxygen tension (3%) largely prevented the shMTH1-depende

56 is approximately 100 nmol/L at physiological oxygen tensions (5 to 10 mumol/L); we tested whether the

57 Depending on the oxygen tension, a concerted action of the three transcri

58 phile that has to survive high environmental oxygen tensions, adapt to oxygen limitation in the intes

59 How oxygen tension affects IRSs and their functions is poorl

60 Current guidelines limit the use of high oxygen tension after return of spontaneous circulation a

61 Three-dimensional mapping of chorioretinal oxygen tension allowed quantitative P(O2) measurements i

62 hat GC light zones are hypoxic, and that low oxygen tension () alters B cell physiology and function.

63 -growing tumors of regions with gradients of oxygen tension and acute hypoxia (less than 1.4% oxygen)

64 iators of the cellular response to decreased oxygen tension and are overexpressed in a number of tumo

65 lieved to play vital roles in the YRO (e.g., oxygen tension and ATP levels), we tested oxygen's role

66 ry lung volume, but did not improve arterial oxygen tension and caused a reduction in cardiac output.

67 ential acetylation in response to changes in oxygen tension and deacetylase inhibition in triple-nega

68 ng a strong association between brain tissue oxygen tension and diffusion of dissolved plasma oxygen

69 racting node for microenvironment sensing of oxygen tension and glucocorticoid action in foci of infl

70 rs that affect a homeostatic response to low oxygen tension and have been identified as key mediators

71 ECs) are exposed to profound fluctuations in oxygen tension and have evolved adaptive transcriptional

72 Increases in oxygen tension and in H(2)O(2) both induce activation of

73 immune response genes in the setting of low oxygen tension and inflammation.

74 This transition is governed by oxygen tension and involves the large-scale production o

75 gulating the cellular response to changes in oxygen tension and is essential for normal development.

76 P. aeruginosa is known to grow under reduced oxygen tension and is even capable of respiring anaerobi

77 th the unique advantages of exceptional high oxygen tension and local anti-inflammatory and immunosup

78 , B. burgdorferi experiences fluctuations in oxygen tension and may encounter reactive oxygen species

79 ccurred in the setting of preserved arterial oxygen tension and myocardial perfusion.

80 define the relationship between supranormal oxygen tension and outcome in postresuscitation patients

81 Thus, a combination of low oxygen tension and overexpression of EGFR within the pri

82 of a pathway that confers resistance to high oxygen tension and protects cells from undergoing ferrop

83 ceptors in the carotid bodies sense arterial oxygen tension and regulate respiration.

84 blasts are ideally situated in bone to sense oxygen tension and respond to hypoxia by activating the

85 se-dependent association between supranormal oxygen tension and risk of in-hospital death.

86 l hydroxylases (PHDs) perceive intracellular oxygen tension and signal hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF

87 erial blood pressure, cardiac output, tissue oxygen tension and the circulating pool of NO metabolite

88 e relationship was observed between arterial oxygen tension and the magnitude of hyperleukocytosis.

89 ickle blood velocity fields under a range of oxygen tensions and shear rates.

90 n tissue oxygen tension, jugular venous bulb oxygen tension, and cerebral perfusion pressure were 29

91 re, myocardial blood flow, myocardial tissue oxygen tension, and ejection fraction before and after i

92 ic infection leads to a considerably reduced oxygen tension, and it is believed that some bacteria gr

93 kle brachial index, increased transcutaneous oxygen tension, and reduced rest pain.

94 s, effects more apparent at 5%, than at 20%, oxygen tension, and these progenitors survived less well

95 e, many solid tumors are associated with low oxygen tension, and when NSCLC cells were cultured with

96 rst 6 livers were perfused at high perfusate oxygen tensions, and the subsequent 6 at near-physiologi

97 ty cytochrome bd oxidase, which is used when oxygen tensions are low, also failed to colonize.

98 hESCs cultured at low oxygen tensions are more pluripotent and display an incr

99 even in the acute infection phase, where low oxygen tensions are not expected.

100 ms are downregulated, implicating increasing oxygen tension as a critical switch for neuronal polariz

101 sculature coincide with drastic increases in oxygen tension as placental blood flow is initiated.

102 pids and in particular cholesterol under low oxygen tension as revealed by TOF-SIMS coupled to princi

103 ce of these results became evident under low oxygen tensions, as hypoxia enhanced ECAR in M-MO via HI

104 Hypoxic inflammation (decreased oxygen tension at sites of inflammation) is a feature of

105 ral artery development, leading to decreased oxygen tension at the placentation site, stabilized hypo

106 g/kg) caused a dose-related increase in the oxygen tension at which Hb is 50% saturated (p50), with

107 The apparent P50 (oxygen tension at which hemoglobin is 50% saturated) val

108 is, however, unaffected by copper under high oxygen tension because of the aerobic coproporphyrinogen

109 icant differences in the jugular venous bulb oxygen tension-brain oxygen tension gradient (16 mm Hg [

110 led to a decrease in the jugular venous bulb oxygen tension-brain oxygen tension gradient by 0.36 mm

111 d in the relationship of jugular venous bulb oxygen tension-brain oxygen tension gradient to cerebral

112 e is an elevation in the jugular venous bulb oxygen tension-brain oxygen tension gradient, which is n

113 during contractions at a supra-physiological oxygen tension, but it is unclear whether nitrite exposu

114 Reduction of maternal arterial oxygen tension by 50% over 30 min resulted in a subseiue

115 In response to a low oxygen tension, C. jejuni increases the transcription an

116 Collectively, TGF-beta1, RA and oxygen tension can modulate the dynamic change in AKAP12

117 such as carbon sources, pH, temperature, and oxygen tension can modulate the fungal cell wall archite

118 tively, by treatment with CoCl2, whereas low oxygen tension caused increases in expression of 3-, 4-,

119 e responds to physiologic parameters such as oxygen tension, cell density, growth factors, and pharma

120 taPsim and mitochondrial ROS production from oxygen tension changes, provides an immune-metabolic bas

121 xide anions via quinone reduction under high oxygen tensions, contributes to the unique microaerobic

122 Using this sensor, changes in oxygen tension could be monitored in real-time as attach

123 A) released from the meninges, together with oxygen tension, could constitute the mechanism for rapid

124 When oxygen tension decreases, the response regulator PrrA of

125 Indeed, under normal oxygen tension, delivery of active Lck into L929 cells a

126 setting of up-regulated DHA transport at low oxygen tensions, DHA would contribute 26% of the total i

127 he product of CBF and cerebral arteriovenous oxygen tension difference (AVTO2), suggesting a strong a

128 monoxide (DL(CO)), and the alveolar-arterial oxygen tension difference P(A-a)O(2) were measured and a

129 prove that metabolic programming of MSCs by oxygen tension directs chondrogenesis into either perman

130 At high levels of cardiac work, tissue oxygen tension dropped significantly along with ejection

131 Cellular response to changes in oxygen tension during normal development or pathologic p

132 Most patients maintain an adequate arterial oxygen tension during single-lung ventilation.

133 changes in respiratory quotient and alveolar oxygen tension during venovenous extracorporeal gas exch

134 e of conditions encountered in vivo, such as oxygen tension, environmental pH and nutrient availabili

135 tly, slowing blood flow velocity at arterial oxygen tension even without additional contributions fro

136 High oxygen tension, exposure to light, and the biochemical e

137 MPhi activated under these oxygen tensions failed to produce sufficient amounts of

138 lpha is highly conserved and that changes in oxygen tensions following cartilage loss from injury or

139 to broaden the permissible range of arterial oxygen tensions for pulmonary/tissue oxygen transport.

140 ed with improvement in oxygenation (arterial oxygen tension/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio) in pat

141 utcomes: need for IMV, evolution of arterial oxygen tension/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio, or mor

142 the jugular venous bulb oxygen tension-brain oxygen tension gradient (16 mm Hg [sd, 6] vs 39 mm Hg SD

143 the jugular venous bulb oxygen tension-brain oxygen tension gradient by 0.36 mm Hg (95% CI, -0.54 to

144 of jugular venous bulb oxygen tension-brain oxygen tension gradient to cerebral perfusion pressure (

145 , jugular venous bulb oxygen to brain tissue oxygen tension gradient, and cerebral perfusion pressure

146 the jugular venous bulb oxygen tension-brain oxygen tension gradient, which is not modulated by chang

147 tDNA levels in the liver reflected the known oxygen tension gradient.

148 Low oxygen tension growth of mucoid variants readily selects

149 than 20 mm Hg versus normoxia (brain tissue oxygen tension > 20 mm Hg).

150 oading following independent manipulation of oxygen tension, Hb conformation, and glycolytic pathway

151 assured oxidative loading was not altered by oxygen tension, heme ligation, or the inhibitors employe

152 Under normal oxygen tension, HIF-1 activity is usually suppressed due

153 Adaptation to low oxygen tension (hypoxia) in cells and tissues leads to t

154 Adaptation to low oxygen tension (hypoxia) is a critical event during deve

155 Low oxygen tension (hypoxia) is commonly thought to be a sha

156 Recent evidence suggests that low oxygen tension (hypoxia) may control fetal development a

157 Low oxygen tension (hypoxia) promotes the upregulation of se

158 Low oxygen tension (hypoxia) regulates chondrocyte different

159 s) has been proposed to be influenced by low oxygen tension (hypoxia).

160 on point under stress conditions such as low oxygen tension (hypoxia).

161 l tissue-protecting mechanism, driven by low oxygen tension (i.e. hypoxia) in inflamed or cancerous t

162 otopic endochondral ossification by lowering oxygen tension in adjacent tissue, creating the correct

163 ysiological, but not at supra-physiological, oxygen tension in combination with better maintenance of

164 receptors in vascular smooth muscle, by low oxygen tension in erythrocytes and neurons, by high extr

165 spite no difference in end-exercise arterial oxygen tension in hypoxia (59 +/- 6 vs. 59 +/- 9 mmHg fo

166 dazole staining also showed that TM elevates oxygen tension in hypoxic cells.

167 Oxygen tension in mammalian cell culture can profoundly

168 Since a major determinant of oxygen tension in mammalian embryos after implantation i

169 Variations in oxygen tension in particular have been correlated with c

170 clear whether the reduced cabin pressure and oxygen tension in the airplane cabin create an increased

171 ic investigations showed that increasing the oxygen tension in the brain through carbogen breathing r

172 on the epithelial surface, establishing low oxygen tension in the lumen, and interacting with gut-co

173 intervals from 4 to 28 days, blood flow and oxygen tension in the proximal adductor muscles were mea

174 concentration gradient of oxygen, with lower oxygen tension in the region destined to become articula

175 Administration of 50% oxygen increased oxygen tension in the subcutaneous site to 140 mm Hg, co

176 ood flow does not necessarily mean increased oxygen tension in the tissue.

177 ned to become articular cartilage and higher oxygen tension in transient hypertrophic cartilage.

178 We employed this probe to evaluate the oxygen tension in tuberculous granulomas in four animal

179 allows wireless measurement of renal tissue oxygen tension in unrestrained rats.

180 The oxygen tension in vivo is significantly lower than that

181 With fluctuating oxygen tensions in tumors, arrested hypoxic cells may un

182 Renal blood flow and cortical oxygen tension increased in both groups after candesarta

183 pregestational diabetic pregnancies when the oxygen tension increases.

184 cardiovascular circulation and in the eye as oxygen tension increases.

185 sociation between rectal luminal lactate and oxygen tension indicates that luminal lactate is a marke

186 We show that low oxygen tension induces molting at smaller body size, con

187 Patients underwent monitoring with brain oxygen tension, intracranial pressure, cerebral perfusio

188 Recent findings indicate that local oxygen tension is a critical determinant for the progres

189 Low oxygen tension is a major host factor inducing bacterios

190 Low oxygen tension is a metabolic hallmark of chronic infect

191 cytochrome bo(3) oxidase, which is used when oxygen tension is high, was found not to be necessary fo

192 presence of melanin in combination with low oxygen tension is known to compromise PDT.

193 dium flow revealed that a sudden decrease in oxygen tension is the predominant trigger for initiating

194 Mechanical ventilation using high oxygen tensions is often necessary to treat patients wit

195 e presence of multiple areas of hypoxia (low oxygen tension) is a hallmark feature of human and exper

196 Hypoxia, or low oxygen tension, is a major regulator of tumor developmen

197 ctivator of some photosynthesis genes at low oxygen tension, is involved in redox-dependent expressio

198 lar hypoxia response pathways despite normal oxygen tension-is considered to be a likely mechanism un

199 In the normoxia group, the mean brain tissue oxygen tension, jugular venous bulb oxygen tension, and

200 In the hypoxia group, the mean brain tissue oxygen tension, jugular venous bulb oxygen to brain tiss

201 We tested whether environmental shifts in oxygen tension lead to events in the adult newt brain th

202 oxia, as defined by parenchymal brain tissue oxygen tension less than 20 mm Hg versus normoxia (brain

203 is only prominent in axenic Mtb cultures at oxygen tensions </=1%.

204 m and homeostasis is sensitive to changes in oxygen tension manifest in ischemia.

205 level such as sulfide exposure and possibly oxygen tension may inhibit the heterocystous types in su

206 In rapidly growing tumors, reduction in oxygen tension may occur with increased distance from bl

207 Here, we show that oxygen tension, mediated by OPC-encoded hypoxia-inducibl

208 Low oxygen tension-mediated transcription by hypoxia-inducib

209 f muscle mechanics, innovative histology and oxygen tension modelling, we have comprehensively charac

210 However, oxygen tension monitored by the peripheral (arterial) ch

211 nditions, with this process regulated by pH, oxygen tension, nitrite concentration, and the redox sta

212 uction, and this process is regulated by pH, oxygen tension, nitrite, and reducing substrate concentr

213 pH 5.8, and nonreplicating persisters at low oxygen tension of </= 10 parts per billion.

214 activity of AphB is influenced by the pH and oxygen tension of the environment.

215 Thus, oxygen tension of the hemolymph is an indicator of infec

216 change in glutamate levels was seen when the oxygen tension of the medium was lowered from 150 mm Hg

217 el directed at addressing the role of tissue oxygen tension on cutaneous wound healing.

218 Here we observe a notable effect of oxygen tension on the macroscopic and biofilm morphotype

219 uate the effects of physiologically relevant oxygen tensions on L-14C-DHA transport.

220 n the wild-type strain grown at high and low oxygen tensions, on the strain overproducing PpsR, and o

221 tion from a high oxygen level (10% dissolved oxygen tension or DOT) to a low oxygen level (0.2% DOT)

222 a threshold effect at a specific supranormal oxygen tension, or is a dose-dependent association.

223 inversely correlated with wake-time arterial oxygen tension (P = 0.0007) and oxygen saturation (P < 0

224 he specific determinants of low brain tissue oxygen tension (P(bt)O2) following severe traumatic brai

225 s developed for three-dimensional mapping of oxygen tension (P(O2)) in chorioretinal vasculatures.

226 nstructing for explicit targets for arterial oxygen tension (PaO2, 55-86 mm Hg) and oxyhemoglobin sat

227 n untreated ischemic muscle, muscle flow and oxygen tension partially recovered by days 14 to 28.

228 ject to frequent, pronounced fluctuations in oxygen tension, particularly during inflammation.

229 ce suggests that mast cells sense changes in oxygen tension, particularly in neonates, and that subse

230 Cerebral cortical carbon dioxide and oxygen tensions (Pbco2 and Pbo2) were concurrently measu

231 Cerebral cortical tissue carbon dioxide and oxygen tensions (Pbco2 and Pbo2) were measured concurren

232 evolution of microvascular blood flow, brain oxygen tension (PbO2), and metabolism in a clinically re

233 f electrical TNS for improving CBF and brain oxygen tension (PbrO2), with the goal of decreasing seco

234 obes to measure intracranial pressure, brain oxygen tension (PbtO2), and brain microdialysis, and ele

235 Changes in cellular oxygen tension play important roles in physiological pro

236 ygen saturation (StO2) and calculated muscle oxygen tension (PmO2) to standard hemodynamic variables

237 output; and quadriceps muscle blood flow and oxygen tension (PMo2).

238 hich couple the conformation of Hb to tissue oxygen tension (Po(2)) and thereby provide a basis for t

239 under normoxia and hypoxia based on vascular oxygen tension (PO(2)) imaging.

240 (HMDSO) for accurate measurements of tissue oxygen tension (pO(2)) using Proton Imaging of Siloxanes

241 Oxygen tension (PO(2)) was measured noninvasively in the

242 lism is directly related to retinal vascular oxygen tension (PO2) and inner retinal oxygen extraction

243 d continuous measurements of cortical tissue oxygen tension (PO2) for more than 2 weeks and can repro

244 orescence-based imaging technology, that low oxygen tension (pO2) impairs NO-mediated anti-leishmania

245 perform direct in vivo measurements of local oxygen tension (pO2) in the bone marrow of live mice.

246 S-Oxidation of RyR1 is coupled to muscle oxygen tension (pO2) through O2-dependent production of

247 Myocardial oxygen tension (Po2) was monitored by electron paramagne

248 promote macrophage lipid storage: low tissue oxygen tension (pO2), low extracellular pH (pHo), and ex

249 Differences in oxygen tension (Po2)cause variations in response to radi

250 Antioxidants and low oxygen tension prevented SA IL-1alpha expression and res

251 ed human macrophages cultured at physiologic oxygen tensions produced copious nitrite.

252 xygen species to induce cell death, with the oxygen tension profile itself being distinct between the

253 requires hypoxic conditions, whereas higher oxygen tension promotes cell differentiation(3).

254 conclusion, metabolic programming of MSCs by oxygen tension provides a simple yet effective mechanism

255 l oxygen content (CaO2), jugular bulb venous oxygen tension (PVO2), venous oxygen content (CVO2), art

256 Oxygen tension reduction and pH increase were accompanie

257 ependent decrease in hydroxylation at higher oxygen tensions relative to proline 564 hydroxylation.

258 Average inner retinal oxygen tension remained within normal limits at all dise

259 vironmental cues, such as changes in ambient oxygen tension, remains poorly understood.

260 r transplants, with livers perfused at lower oxygen tensions, reperfused uneventfully.

261 The treatment of low-blood oxygen tensions requires restoration of functional airwa

262 nges in ankle brachial index, transcutaneous oxygen tension, rest pain, and walking capacity after ce

263 ermine how and when changes in environmental oxygen tension result in an appropriate cellular respons

264 stingly, gene network analysis revealed that oxygen tension resulted in metabolic programming of the

265 During the first trimester of gestation, oxygen tension rises steeply, leading to excessive produ

266 a, which may be operative at the physiologic oxygen tensions seen in solid lymphoid organs.

267 Because low oxygen tension stabilizes hypoxia-inducible factor alpha

268 Oxygen tension, substrate, and pH levels were important

269 reful consideration of nutrient delivery and oxygen tension suggested that these factors could not so

270 t sickle blood flow is affected even at high oxygen tensions, suggesting a potentially systemic role

271 ssue perfusion as measured by transcutaneous oxygen tension (TcPo(2)) in patients with critical limb

272 lls (IECs) exist in a metabolic state of low oxygen tension termed "physiologic hypoxia." An importan

273 odilation is a physiological response to low oxygen tension that increases blood supply to match meta

274 cription factor complex stabilized under low oxygen tension to mediate cellular responses, including

275 ells in vitro were treated with CoCl2 or low oxygen tension to mimic hypoxia.

276 , CBF by laser Doppler flowmetry, and tissue oxygen tension (tpO(2)) using polarographic microelectro

277 horoid and is contingent upon retinal tissue oxygen tension (tPO2) gradients across the retinal depth

278 ardiac index, pulse oximetry, transcutaneous oxygen tension, transcutaneous carbon dioxide tension, a

279 elegans males sense external environment and oxygen tension, triggering long-lasting downstream signa

280 ch allows eukaryotic cells to respond to low oxygen tension via the formation of a heterodimeric comp

281 ting TSCs induce HIF activity independent of oxygen tension via unclear mechanisms.

282 The oxygen tension was found to decrease due to oxygen consu

283 The average hemolymph oxygen tension was higher in "Ca.

284 Oxygen tension was measured in retinal vessels using pho

285 and clearance of bacteria were impaired when oxygen tension was reduced to 0% or 2% O(2).

286 zed; as a pair of master regulators when low oxygen tension was sensed, they coordinated the critical

287 Over ascending ranges of oxygen tension, we found significant linear trends of in

288 or cell survival probability under differing oxygen tensions, we calculate average radiation effect o

289 At limiting oxygen tensions, we found that proline 402 exhibits an o

290 Fractional Na(+) excretion and cortical oxygen tension were lower and renal oxygen consumption w

291 Tissue oxygen tensions were lower on day 10 of infection when t

292 in Beas-2B nuclear extracts because ambient oxygen tensions were required for the demethylation reac

293 LSCs home in bone marrow areas at low oxygen tension, where HSCs are physiologically hosted.

294 chestrators of chondrogenesis in response to oxygen tension which is, at least in part, mediated thro

295 hether this effect was caused by the reduced oxygen tension, which affects mainly peripheral chemorec

296 We report that oxygen tension, which rises at birth, and the von Hippel

297 bacter sphaeroides is induced upon a drop of oxygen tension with similar kinetics to those of genes f

298 d for quantitative mapping of retinal tissue oxygen tension with the potential to enable sequential m

299 ed conditions under which supplementation of oxygen tension would serve to benefit cellular viability

300 bit abundant macrophage infiltration and low oxygen tension, yet how hypoxic conditions may affect in