ライフサイエンスコーパス: pad

1 elds (36-99%) after a simple filtration on a pad of silica gel.

2 h curettage, microdermabrasion with abrasive pads, microneedling with dermarollers, ablative fraction

3 e affixed to the skin with a gel and acrylic pad.

4 blematic conductive electrolyte and adhesive pad.

5 Here, we study the allometry of adhesive pad area in 225 climbing animal species, covering more t

6 Across all taxa, adhesive pad area showed extreme positive allometry and scaled wi

7 ups helps explain how climbing with adhesive pads has evolved in animals varying over seven orders of

8 ltures from multiwell plates onto large agar pads using inexpensive replicator pins and automatically

9 Use of nonsterile gloves and an alcohol pad does not significantly impact the contamination of t

10 e (monitor) and disposable (calcium alginate pads with immobilized bacteria) elements.

11 a mutation in the single zebrafish ancestral pad gene, padi2, that results in a loss of detectable ca

12 Leak-free and pad-free continence rate was 90% (27 of 30) at baseline

13 ide), side door beam, and side structure and padding, have smaller benefits.

14 ich is then remodeled into a thin attachment pad associated with flagellum shortening.

15 stry performed at microfluidic volumes on Au pads directly at the PCB surface with improved limit of

16 responses to other infrastructure, avoiding pads with active production and roads to a greater degre

17 d electrodes and multiple filter paper-based pads to load enzymes and enzymatic substrates.

18 al deafferentation of the intra-scapular BAT pads.

19 A molecules were concentrated on the binding pad with chitosan and then transported to reaction pads

20 es metals are lost by intent-copper in brake pads, zinc in tires, and germanium in retained catalyst

21 ical detector into an eyeglasses nose-bridge pad, for non-invasive monitoring of key tear biomarkers.

22 tor and/or discriminant analysis, the cactus pad samples were clearly differentiated according to the

23 Cu, Zn, Mn and Cr) were determined in cactus pads from Opuntia dillenii and Opuntia ficus indica.

24 Consumption of cactus pads contributes to the intake of dietary fiber, total p

25 en fruit pulp of O. ficus indica; the cactus pads of O. dillenii could be differentiated according to

26 nal qualitative scores were also comparable (pad vs leads, 4.9 +/- 0.43 vs 4.9 +/- 0.14, respectively

27 tructure (MZO(nano)) array coated conducting pad as the extended sensing gate for the early stage det

28 A cellulose glassy fiber paper conjugate pad retains the marker immunoelectroactive nanobeads whi

29 amount of FCN-DNA dispensed on the conjugate pad and the dispensing cycles of the capture DNA probes

30 ed silica beads (Ab-SiO2) onto the conjugate pad and the sample flows by capillarity throughout the s

31 o cellulose acetate membranes: the conjugate pad capturing the analyte and the detection pad signalin

32 conjugate was immobilized onto the conjugate pad.

33 se components were placed over the conjugate pad.

34 cluded as wet or dried in separate conjugate pads placed at the upstream end of the assay device.

35 signed to reduce the signal from the contact pads, which results in an improved lineshape.

36 one pad and the vehicle in the contralateral pad.

37 It attributes leaks to the correct pad or equipment group (tank battery, separator battery,

38 aused by large differences in size-corrected pad area between arthropods and vertebrates.

39 een-printed electrodes with absorbing cotton padding.

40 Ebola-positive body fluid-impregnated cotton pads were serially sampled.

41 r should enable scanning with defibrillation pads attached and the generator ON, enabling application

42 pad capturing the analyte and the detection pad signaling the presence of the captured analyte, both

43 he aggregated AuNPs is kept on the detection pad through vertical-flow operation.

44 However, the effect of different padding strategies on model performance and data structu

45 ks in trackways, with well-preserved digital pad and skin traces, argues for bipedal trackmakers, her

46 re stout with transversely elongated digital pads, and the outer toe appears strongly thickened relat

47 lower for menstrual cups than for disposable pads or tampons (n=293).

48 t is the normal pattern of MCs in the distal pads of all five digits in the macaque monkey (with hand

49 ormal monkeys, MCs are densest in the distal pads of the opposing thumb and index finger, with the gr

50 ECG pad was successful in 50 of 52 (96%) patients.

51 The qualitative image quality score for ECG pad (3.9 +/- 0.19) was comparable to ECG leads (3.8 +/-

52 r septal sharpness (1/slope) was 165 for ECG pad and 152 for standard leads (P = .3).

53 erences in durations to apply and remove ECG pad and standard leads.

54 Volunteers preferred the ECG pad and reported that it was comfortable and convenient.

55 leads compared with 296 seconds with the ECG pad, and mean difference in setup time was 148 seconds (

56 images generated by cardiac gating with ECG pad was 38 +/- 12 (standard deviation) compared with 39

57 To generate DEP forces, two electrode-pads are embedded in a set of asymmetric orifices on the

58 were associated with increased abdominal fat pad mass in Zg16(-/-) animals.

59 ongo red stain on bone marrow biopsy and fat pad aspirate was negative for amyloid light-chain deposi

60 There was no correlation between fat pad oedema and each of the pathologies.

61 lacebo (0.9% normal saline, 1 mL at each fat pad; n=30) injection into epicardial fat pads during sur

62 Xeomin, Merz, Germany; 50 U/1 mL at each fat pad; n=30) or placebo (0.9% normal saline, 1 mL at each

63 in both groups had successful epicardial fat pad injections without complications.

64 l-vascularized sites like the epididymal fat pad (EFP) improved graft outcomes, but only conformal co

65 onfined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum, as opposed

66 roma, fully repopulate the mammary gland fat pad, undergo unperturbed ductal outgrowth and terminal d

67 chlear morphology to superolateral Hoffa fat pad (SHFP) edema on magnetic resonance (MR) images in ol

68 The infrapatellar fat pad (FP) and synovial fluid (SF) in the knee serve as re

69 The infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) serves as a reservoir of Mesenchymal Stem Cell

70 from the post-TKA fibrotic infrapatellar fat pad express the IL-1 receptor and on exposure to IL-1alp

71 Moreover, the infrapatellar fat pad, a soft tissue that becomes highly fibrotic in the p

72 d 3D scaffolds implanted in the inguinal fat pad had enhanced adipose tissue formation, suggesting Pt

73 uvenile beige adipocytes in the inguinal fat pad.

74 MD cells were harvested from the mammary fat pad after transfecting MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, w

75 g, increased inflammation in the mammary fat pad and promoted mammary tumorigenesis.

76 e presence of tumor cells in the mammary fat pad further enhanced the local inflammatory milieu.

77 educed inflammation in the obese mammary fat pad in the absence of tumor cells and inhibited Py230 tu

78 ls that were inoculated into the mammary fat pad in vivo, which also significantly reduced tumor burd

79 Using orthotopic mammary fat pad model of breast cancer (MDAMB231-Luc) in mice, we mo

80 r cells were coinjected into the mammary fat pad of SCID mice.

81 vival of mice when injected into mammary fat pad of syngeneic mice, and demonstrated synergy when com

82 -3, Gpr81-negative) implanted in mammary fat pad of wild-type mice and Gpr81-null mice.

83 mor cells were inoculated to the mammary fat pad or the proximal tibia.

84 Lipidomics of Pxmp2(-/-)mammary fat pad showed a decrease in the content of myristic acid (C

85 ravasation than in contralateral mammary fat pad tissue, which is consistent with enhanced permeabili

86 nockdown of Ptprb in the cleared mammary fat pad transplant assay resulted in smaller epithelial outg

87 bearing a 4T1-luc2 tumor in the mammary fat pad unambiguously revealed the presence of the tumor whe

88 Furthermore, mammary fat pad xenotransplantation of ectopically expressed miR-155

89 pregulated cytokine in the obese mammary fat pad, and we observed that TNF-alpha dose-dependently sti

90 role in tumor inhibition in the mammary fat pad, as well as in bone protection in the osteolytic tib

91 scle tissue or the contralateral mammary fat pad.

92 , as well as tumor weight in the mammary fat pad.

93 at the Mayo Clinic who had bone marrow, fat pad, and solid organ tissue samples typed by liquid chro

94 cant correlation between the presence of fat pad oedema and the presence of at least one of the patho

95 (NASH) without changes to body weight or fat pad weights.

96 tion of a cervical space, the paraspinal fat pad (PFP), can be used as an indicator at computed tomog

97 oth synovial membrane and infra-patellar fat pad and therefore Anakinra can likely have an inhibitory

98 om synovial membranes and infra-patellar fat pad of patients undergoing TKA express high levels of IL

99 from synovial membrane or infra-patellar fat pad.

100 to the ductal front distance, or percent fat pad filled to evaluate ductal elongation rate can be mis

101 Quadriceps fat pad is located posterior to the quadriceps tendon.

102 Quadriceps fat pad oedema detected in MRI examinations should warn the

103 gnificant correlation between quadriceps fat pad oedema intensity and its dimensions, but it was sign

104 Sixty-one knees with quadriceps fat pad oedema out of 457 knee MRI examinations were include

105 Quadriceps fat pad signal intensity, dimensions, posterior indentation,

106 and morphological features of quadriceps fat pad, as well as various pathologies of the patellofemora

107 o components of the EGL of confluent rat fat pad ECs (RFPECs), including proteoglycans and glycosamin

108 alpha deletion increased adipocyte size, fat pad weight, and tissue expression and circulating levels

109 endothelial nitric oxide synthase in the fat pad of the adult rat mesentery during inhibition of angi

110 xenographs and cell metastases from the fat pad to the brain were significantly suppressed by NOS2 i

111 Increased signal intensity of this fat pad is seen on routine knee magnetic resonance imaging (

112 itu immunofluorescence of murine adipose fat pads.

113 ans, including the peritoneal cavity and fat pads, are more resistant to apoptosis than those in the

114 erials such as connective tissue, buccal fat pads, and resorbable collagen membranes have been report

115 toxin, when injected into the epicardial fat pads can suppress atrial fibrillation inducibility.

116 otulinum toxin injection into epicardial fat pads during coronary artery bypass graft provided substa

117 fat pad; n=30) injection into epicardial fat pads during surgery.

118 otulinum toxin injection into epicardial fat pads for preventing atrial tachyarrhythmias.

119 ated genes were higher in the epididymal fat pads of Adipoq-LPL mice than control mice.

120 ion of XPL to the herniated lower eyelid fat pads of 12 subjects resulted in an average 2-grade decre

121 As predicted from these findings, fat pads from FTO-4 mice fed a high-fat diet show more numer

122 early involution, into the mammary gland fat pads of lactating mice increased ZnT2 and Zn in lysosome

123 nectin-deficient mice had larger gonadal fat pads and developed mild insulin resistance when fed a hi

124 issues were implanted into interscapular fat pads of NSG mice, and mice were given injections of penf

125 e activation compared to healthy mammary fat pads and surrounding tissue.

126 ressing LM2-4 cells implanted in mammary fat pads developed at a slower rate, contained a lower conce

127 Mammary fat pads in mice aged 80 d bore claudin-4-positive aplastic

128 -231 TNBC cell xenografts in the mammary fat pads of female nude mice.

129 ammaH2AX-TAT accumulation in the mammary fat pads of mice aged 76-106 d, compared with control probe

130 PyMT breast tumor cells into the mammary fat pads of syngeneic LysMcre, HIF-1alpha (fl/fl) /LysMcre,

131 sing shRNAs against p63 into the mammary fat pads of syngeneic mice delays tumor growth in vivo.

132 ed tumorous lesions within their mammary fat pads over the course of 130 d.

133 e inoculated into syngeneic mice mammary fat pads.

134 the lung following injection into mouse fat pads while ectopically expressed CPEB1 prevents metastas

135 etic ablation of sympathetic inputs onto fat pads blocks leptin-stimulated phosphorylation of hormone

136 es (volume of the tongue, parapharyngeal fat pads, lateral walls, and soft palate) was similar betwee

137 enced by the altered profile of residual fat pads and the decrease in adiponectin plasma levels in 12

138 of BRCA1-deficient mammary tumors in the fat pads of male mice.

139 imity to the coronary arteries and thick fat pads.

140 e obesity-related outcomes body weight, fat (pad) weight, and circulating and tissue levels of trigly

141 ith non-mammary cells within the mammary fat-pads of recipient mice that had their endogenous epithel

142 within epithelial divested mouse mammary fat-pads.

143 roach for sampling purposes, the glass-fiber pad (sampler) is immersed in a container with the soluti

144 duced optical artifact in heated glass fiber pads due to changes in the refractive index.

145 nst glass, the actual contact made by finger pad ridges evolved over time following a first-order kin

146 who have not undergone AHSCT, namely finger pad inflammation, palmar violaceous papules, and digital

147 who have not undergone AHSCT, namely finger pad inflammation, palmar violaceous papules, and digital

148 rop of blood, which comprised a lateral flow pad (LFP), mesoporous Prussian blue nanoparticles (MPBs)

149 CD4 T cells were injected into the foot pad or ear pinnae, and migration to afferent lymphatics

150 activity was monitored using the 'mouse-foot-pad propagation method', with WHO recommended concentrat

151 (1.35 to 2.40), and 1.62 (1.07 to 2.45) for pad preparation, drilling, stimulation, and production m

152 However, allometric scaling coefficients for pad area systematically decreased with taxonomic level a

153 r fit due to lack of flexibility or need for padding for patient comfort.

154 The ECG signal quality obtained from pad and leads was rated on a five-point scale.

155 sured on images generated by ECG gating from pads and standard leads.

156 tected, located, and quantified at three gas pads of varying size and complexity.

157 We present here a gel pad array chip for high-throughput and multi-analyte mic

158 us detection of both hCG and PSA on each gel pad array is achieved with single filter fluorescence im

159 he immobilization of microbeads and each gel pad array is surrounded with a PEG micropillar ring to c

160 lting chip consists of 40 polyacrylamide gel pad array units for the immobilization of microbeads and

161 This gel pad array chip is easy to use, easy to fabricate with lo

162 e sputter-deposited nickel-vanadium and gold pad metal layers and copper interconnection.

163 gions are often built atop insulative gravel pads that generate dust plumes, altering soil chemistry

164 e monitored, and an infrared lamp or heating pad was used to avoid generalized hypothermia.

165 plantar fascia) or viscoelastic (e.g., heel pad) mechanisms, or by active muscle contractions.

166 li were found in the DDS-sensitive mice hind pads.

167 l punctate keratoses, cheilitis, and knuckle pads, which we propose to be given the acronym PLACK syn

168 First, a landing pad cell line with a genomically integrated, Tet-inducib

169 bilities of a Bxb1 recombinase-based landing pad system for conducting different types of multiplex g

170 easing the process of generating new landing pad cell lines.

171 We also develop several new landing pad versions, including one where the Bxb1 recombinase i

172 a method for incorporating a single landing pad into a defined site of a cell line of interest, and

173 less plasmids is recombined into the landing pad in each cell.

174 We incorporate the landing pad into a lentiviral vector, easing the process of gene

175 b1 recombinase is expressed from the landing pad itself, improving recombination efficiency more than

176 cond, we used two CRISPR-addressable landing pads for autocrine activation of a GPCR (the somatostati

177 ins only the four CRISPR-addressable landing pads.

178 mers, oligomers, and nanoclusters as landing pads for effector proteins that relay RAS signals.

179 interact with chromatin and serve as landing pads for enzymatic activities that regulate gene express

180 dynamic structures that function as landing pads for protein cofactors.

181 dressable expression cassettes, i.e. landing pads, installed at known safe-harbor sites in the yeast

182 ainst proteases), and light-triggered launch pads for peptides.

183 This provides a launching pad to identify potential targets for therapeutic interv

184 ification of mice with tumors in the mammary pad and iliac artery was executed utilizing a different

185 and compare tumors localized to the mammary pad and tumor cells injected into the iliac artery by di

186 ected into BALB/c mice either in the mammary pad or into the iliac artery, urine was collected, VOCs

187 ic microfibers with graphene-decorated micro-pads, can easily pick up, transport, and drop-off microp

188 sting, a molded below-knee cast with minimal padding, offers outcome equivalent to that with immediat

189 s, which are trending toward large multiwell pads, release hazardous air pollutants.

190 As the frequency of multiwell pads increases, it will become increasingly important to

191 is increasingly being conducted on multiwell pads (MWPs) and in residential areas.

192 rast, motoneurons that retract the mystacial pad and indirectly retract the vibrissae receive only ex

193 ed that optical stimulation of the mystacial pad in Emx1-Cre;Ai27D transgenic mice induces whisker mo

194 contributes to the control of the mystacial pad.

195 elf-cleaning mechanism possessed by the nano-pads of gecko spatulae.

196 at the nearest gas well pad-the only nearby pad where wells were hydraulically fractured before the

197 e of the deemed-of-low-importance process of padding and raises awareness of the need to refine it fo

198 We propose and implement four novel types of padding the amino acid sequences.

199 we analysed the impact of different ways of padding the amino acid sequences in a hierarchical Enzym

200 beta3-adrenoceptor agonist CL316,243 in one pad and the vehicle in the contralateral pad.

201 ry conditions, such as the scanning speed or pad-to-substrate distance, thus allowing for reliable ta

202 ntly and for variational cutting of orthosis padding material.

203 electrode was integrated with a filter paper pad which acted as a reservoir of the internal solution.

204 lized emissions (average number of wells per pad is 5.3 in UGR versus 1.3 in Uintah and 2.8 in DJ).

205 assigned metrics of UNGD activity by phase (pad preparation, drilling, stimulation, and production)

206 ervical and lumbar spine with the 3D-printed padded collar being worn for 4 hour periods.

207 ission rates from 210 oil and gas production pads during eight two-week field studies in Texas, Color

208 th chitosan and then transported to reaction pads following a pH increase for specific reverse transc

209 equired to achieve this increase in relative pad area are limited by phylogenetic constraints.

210 The combination of adjustments in relative pad area for distantly related taxa and changes in adhes

211 ht, implying a 200-fold increase of relative pad area from mites to geckos.

212 hin film transistor) and an extended sensing pad.

213 vitro on the nanostructure modified sensing pad.

214 connected to the extended MZO(nano) sensing pad and the bottom gate was used for biasing the device

215 uding contact resistance (Rc) between sensor pads and attached wire on monitored temperature has also

216 that consolidation of operations onto single pads may reduce normalized emissions (average number of

217 our assay incorporates an innovative "spacer pad" for increasing the duration of the key competitive

218 The advantages of the stacked pad assay include: miniaturization, operational simplici

219 the MRI scanner and prevented cable/surface pad heating during imaging, while preserving all the def

220 Commercial surface pads did not create artifacts deeper than 6 mm below the

221 generator and commercial disposable surface pads.

222 state longitudinal heat flow using suspended-pad micro-devices.

223 Results show that padding has an effect on model performance even when the

224 ave been tested (including the effect of the pad's orientation, it's exposure to either temperature o

225 etry, data for several taxa suggest that the pads' adhesive strength increased for larger animals.

226 sheds, or natural molts of the adhesive toe pad and non-adhesive regions of the skin.

227 and suggest that the subdigital adhesive toe pad may increase sprint speed in this species.

228 They combine predictable toe pad friction with probabilistic friction from their claw

229 pecific variation in the use of adhesive toe pads and suggest that the subdigital adhesive toe pad ma

230 otion and dynamic self-cleaning of gecko toe pads are mimicked via this mechanism.

231 of which remains embedded in a distal tongue pad.

232 self-healing human-machine interactive touch pad with pressure-sensitive adhesiveness on target subst

233 Hydrogel touch pads are adhered to curved or flat insulators, with the

234 However, most touch pads are developed based on stiff and brittle electrodes

235 terest to develop a next generation of touch pads that require stretchability and biocompatibility to

236 boundary effects associated with widely used padding approaches.

237 r clock for the synchronization of vibrissa, pad, and snout movements, as well as for the bilateral s

238 ge infiltration and inflammation in visceral pad, dyslipidemia, and ectopic fat accumulation.

239 ic for 4-7 days per phase at a large 22-well pad sited in a residential area of Weld County, Colorado

240 tigated include production well pads, a well pad with a drill rig, a well completion, and compressor

241 ver, statistical models using basin and well pad characteristics explained 14% or less of the varianc

242 Fluxes from well pad soils were almost always greater than from undisturb

243 production (R(2) = 0.75) and active gas well pad count (R(2) = 0.81), and (iii) 2x higher emissions i

244 We estimate that natural gas well pad soils account for 4.6 x 10(-4) (1.6 x 10(-4), 1.6 x

245 ns, and carbon dioxide from natural gas well pad soils and from nearby undisturbed soils in eastern U

246 a pit leak reported at the nearest gas well pad-the only nearby pad where wells were hydraulically f

247 more people, intensified them, and made well pad siting more flexible.

248 elation with average gas production per well pad, suggesting that consolidation of operations onto si

249 -gas FV at all ranges of production per well pad.

250 ne emissions from oil and gas producing well pad facilities in the Barnett Shale region of Texas, mea

251 model to simulate wells from a specific well pad in the Horn River Basin, British Columbia, where the

252 ositively associated with damage to the well pad for DTWs, the amount of human loading into pour-flus

253 this correlation, we estimated a total well pad emission rate of 1.5 x 10(5) kg/h in the Barnett Sha

254 ility-level CH4 emission rate among UNG well pad sites in routine production (18.8 kg/h (95% confiden

255 issions between unconventional NG (UNG) well pad sites and the relatively smaller and older "conventi

256 measured the emissions from nearly 200 well pads over 2 weeks in October 2013.

257 ies, storage tanks, pipeline leaks, and well pads, as well as a coal mine venting shaft.

258 CH4 emissions from 88500 combined CvNG well pads in Pennsylvania and West Virginia (660 Gg (95% CI:

259 hile in UGR the highest 20% of emitting well pads only contributed 54% of total emissions.

260 ons is due to the 6.6% highest emitting well pads, and 80% of the emissions is from the 22% highest e

261 ssions is from the 22% highest emitting well pads.

262 t were an average of 913 m further from well pads compared with predevelopment patterns of habitat us

263 e-scale study of methane emissions from well pads was conducted in the Marcellus shale (Pennsylvania)

264 way, mule deer remained >1 km away from well pads.

265 ed camera surveys of more than 8000 O&G well pads in seven U.S. basins to assess the prevalence and d

266 Oil and gas (O&G) well pads with high hydrocarbon emission rates may disproport

267 luxes were estimated for 71 oil and gas well pads in the western Permian Basin (Delaware Basin), usin

268 led more than 152 facilities, including well pads, compressor stations, gas processing plants, and la

269 ion of measured well pads is split into well pads with detectable emissions (N = 115) and those with

270 The population of measured well pads is split into well pads with detectable emissions (

271 Including the population of nonemitting well pads, we find that the arithmetic mean of the well pads

272 tial impacts manifested as avoidance of well pads with active drilling to a distance of at least 800

273 GHG) and air toxics from O&G production well pads in a cost-effective way.

274 Sites investigated include production well pads, a well pad with a drill rig, a well completion, an

275 ts, compressor stations, and production well pads.

276 ty events, such as production at single-well pads.

277 Model results show that well pads emissions rates had a fat-tailed distribution, with

278 we find that the arithmetic mean of the well pads sampled in this study is 1.1 kg/h.

279 measured emissions were from 20% of the well pads, while in UGR the highest 20% of emitting well pads

280 The emissions from these well pads, representing approximately 1% of the total number

281 For those well pads with nonzero emissions, the distribution was highly

282 d by winter severity, where aversion to well pads decreased as winter severity increased.

283 re taken from 673 unique unconventional well pads corresponding to ~18% of the total population of ac

284 to 800 Gg)) exceeded that from 3390 UNG well pads by 170 Gg, reflecting the large number of CvNG well

285 whether legal setback distances between well-pad sites and the public are adequate in three shale pla

286 c adhesion within closely related taxa where pad area scaled close to isometry, data for several taxa

287 ptors, but also by those innervating whisker pad hairy skin and supraorbital vibrissae.

288 evoked by optogenetic activation of whisker pad muscles results in cortical activity and sensory per

289 ized mice indicated that optogenetic whisker pad stimulation evokes robust yet longer latency respons

290 d mice trained to report optogenetic whisker pad stimulation, psychometric curves showed similar depe

291 mpulse electrical stimulation of the whisker pad in the anesthetized rat to identify components of th

292 ntium, tongue, olfactory epithelium, whisker pads and brainstem.

293 kin with additional abnormalities in whisker pads, footpads, and eyes.

294 labrous skin of the paws, but in the whisker pads and body skin ectopic K8+ cells were confined to ha

295 we reveal crucial information from the wing pad joints of Carboniferous palaeodictyopteran insect ny

296 These nymphs had three pairs of wing pads that were medially articulated to the thorax but al

297 bicubic interpolation and Fourier-based zero padding by calculating the structural similarity index (

298 All CNNs outperformed zero padding and bicubic interpolation at upsampling factors

299 CNNs outperformed zero padding on more than 99.2% of slices (9828 of 9907).

300 ished common length in a process called zero-padding.