ライフサイエンスコーパス: phoneme

1 ficulties in processing speech sounds (i.e., phonemes).

2 etters (graphemes) into these speech sounds (phonemes).

3 elements (for example, low-level features or phonemes).

4 100 ms) versus sound structure (for example, phonemes).

5 t frontal region only reacted to a change of phoneme.

6 ormation about the likelihood of the missing phoneme.

7 re integrated to recover the identity of the phoneme.

8 r phoneme matched the content of the audible phoneme.

9 ech is perceived by the robot as a stream of phonemes.

10 ch as "ch" or "ou" in order to map them onto phonemes.

11 repeated presentation of 12 American English phonemes.

12 ween brain and perceptual representations of phonemes.

13 by linguistically defined concepts, such as phonemes.

14 essfully recognize brain processing of these phonemes.

15 ive features in the neural representation of phonemes.

16 late laryngeal harmonics to create different phonemes.

17 jects listened to the lip- or tongue-related phonemes.

18 pectrotemporal characteristics of individual phonemes.

19 nd have difficulty converting graphemes into phonemes.

20 ness and the ability to convert graphemes to phonemes.

21 to anticipate upcoming concepts, words, and phonemes.

22 ntence-level constraints to predict upcoming phonemes.

23 expense of the ability to process non-native phonemes.

24 SMS during perception of noise-impoverished phonemes.

25 it might also indicate preference for native phonemes.

26 iscrimination of important features, such as phonemes.

27 e; at the same time, even early responses to phonemes also reflect a unified model that incorporates

28 se in mouth opening and modification of some phonemes although lip closure was still possible allowin

29 n communication at timescales even below the phoneme and finding yet another link between complexity

30 biased word-identification behavior based on phoneme and lexical frequencies, respectively.

31 kHz, although this varied with the specific phoneme and the width of the analysis bands.

32 tion (mismatch negativity; MMN) responses to phoneme and tone changes in sequences of syllables using

33 nvelope and abstract linguistic units at the phoneme and word levels, and beyond.

34 nse in the boundary region between different phonemes and argue for a specific amplification mechanis

35 examined the perception of continua between phonemes and demonstrated sharp discontinuities consiste

36 on the pinyin input method, which associates phonemes and English letters with characters.

37 rhood frequencies, word lengths by number of phonemes and graphemes, and spoken-word frequencies.

38 words and sentences, and the development of phonemes and morphemes-and to mammalian behavior.

39 to read 2 sets of 24 novel words that shared phonemes and semantic categories but were written in dif

40 ions during speech perception between native phonemes and talker's voice.

41 Phonemes and the distinctive features that they comprise

42 any languages there are associations between phonemes and the expression of size (e.g. large /a, o/,

43 usion (either matched or mismatched pairs of phonemes and visemes) with varying degrees of stimulus o

44 Sound structures such as phonemes and words have highly variable durations.

45 In human speech, it is not only phonemes and words that carry information but also the t

46 h incongruent lip-voice pairs evoke illusory phonemes), and also identification of degraded speech, w

47 both how speech sounds are categorized into phonemes, and how different versions of phonemes are pro

48 xplicitly encodes the acoustic similarity of phonemes, and linguistic and nonlinguistic information a

49 about syntactic category (parts of speech), phonemes, and semantics.

50 yrus) was greater in response to substituted phonemes, and, critically, this was not attenuated by ex

51 hese representations are active earlier when phonemes are more predictable, and are sustained longer

52 These results reveal that vSMC activity for phonemes are not invariant and provide insight into the

53 ns lose genetic diversity via genetic drift, phonemes are not subject to drift in the same way: withi

54 into phonemes, and how different versions of phonemes are produced.

55 se the womb is a high-frequency filter, many phonemes are strongly degraded in utero.

56 e, we demonstrate the causal efficacy of the phoneme as a unit of analysis and dissociate the unique

57 that speakers of these languages do not use phonemes as fundamental processing units.

58 ke context invariant speech categories (e.g. phonemes) as an intermediary representational stage betw

59 ns who are unable to convert graph-emes into phonemes, as well as positron emission tomographic studi

60 ment by studying the response to a change of phoneme at a native and nonnative phonetic boundary in f

61 Participants produced an inner phoneme at a precisely specified time, at which an audib

62 e mismatch response to a nonnative change of phoneme at the end of the first year of life was depende

63 hographic coding, phonological decoding, and phoneme awareness were individually subjected to QTL ana

64 d orthographic skills and is not specific to phoneme awareness, as has been previously suggested.

65 in which the strongest evidence came from a phoneme-awareness measure (most significant P value=0.00

66 ond, discrimination responses to a change of phoneme (ba vs. ga) and a change of human voice (male vs

67 erived from acoustic time series, as well as phoneme-based and standard acoustic features extracted f

68 We additionally extracted phoneme-based features.

69 ticularly strong positive correlation with a phoneme blending test.

70 ical phonemic processing not only for single phonemes but also for short combinations made of diphone

71 es performance on novel words using the same phonemes but with different acoustic patterns, demonstra

72 esentation of individual segmental units, or phonemes, but the bulk of evidence comes from speakers o

73 Human neonates can discriminate phonemes, but the neural mechanism underlying this abili

74 Multiple productions of the same phoneme can exhibit substantial variability, some of whi

75 We showed that responses to different phoneme categories are organized by phonetic features.

76 ds is transformed into perceptually distinct phoneme categories.

77 cortex and Broca's area exhibited effective phoneme categorization when SNR >/= -6 dB.

78 nt, language experience alters speech sound (phoneme) categorization.

79 ty in left PMC that correlated with explicit phoneme-categorization performance measured after scanni

80 C recruitment can account for performance on phoneme-categorization tasks.

81 tance from a target, or is error enhanced by phoneme category changes?

82 continuum but diverted their attention from phoneme category using a challenging dichotic listening

83 to changes in talker, but not to changes in phoneme category.

84 l representation of speakers is dependent on phoneme category.

85 Conversely, we observed phoneme-category selectivity in left PMC that correlated

86 also observed in languages where a specific phoneme changes to the same other phoneme in many words

87 For phoneme changes, disruption of left but not right speech

88 ostoperative) in Consonant-Nucleus-Consonant phonemes (CNCp) and words (CNCw), AzBio sentences in qui

89 flects the contextual effects of surrounding phonemes ("coarticulation").

90 normally when the task required attending to phonemes compared with other speech features.

91 s to areas respectively involved in grapheme-phoneme conversion and lexical access.

92 iding an efficient circuit for both grapheme-phoneme conversion and lexical access.

93 ft inferior frontal lobe because grapheme-to-phoneme conversion requires activation of these motor-ar

94 and, pseudo-words, which require grapheme-to-phoneme conversion, are not predicted by the connection

95 icating over-reliance on sublexical grapheme-phoneme correspondences.

96 Fifteen healthy human subjects performed a phoneme detection task in pseudo-words and a semantic ca

97 This is in sharp contrast with phoneme discriminability in bilateral auditory cortices

98 n noise, envelope expansion improved overall phoneme discrimination by 9.6%, with no difference in be

99 days after surgery, patients showed improved phoneme discrimination compared with their performance s

100 emphasise dominant spectral features.Tactile phoneme discrimination on the wrist was tested in 26 par

101 with normal touch sensitivity, tactile-only phoneme discrimination was assessed with one, four, or e

102 s with normal touch perception, tactile-only phoneme discrimination with and without envelope expansi

103 conversion algorithm to enhance vibrotactile phoneme discrimination.

104 re, formant frequencies that are crucial for phoneme discrimination.

105 sfer spectral information to improve tactile phoneme discrimination.

106 Language testing included speech sound (phoneme) discrimination, single word and phrasal compreh

107 significantly more likely to contain smaller phonemes (e.g. "Emily").

108 antly more likely to contain larger sounding phonemes (e.g. "Thomas"), while female names are signifi

109 Within a language family, phoneme evolution along genetic, geographic, or cognate-

110 s of vertical and horizontal transmission in phoneme evolution.

111 ast, when a native language is comprehended, phoneme features are more strongly modulated.

112 tream into candidate phrases, syllables, and phonemes for further linguistic processing-is executed b

113 bout the articulatory features of individual phonemes has an important role in their perception and i

114 easures had the highest correlation with the phoneme identification measures for CI listeners.

115 The study presents psychoacoustic and phoneme identification measures in CI and normal-hearing

116 The superior NH performance on measures of phoneme identification, especially in the presence of ba

117 We found that each instance of a phoneme in continuous speech produces multiple distingui

118 We show that each instance of a phoneme in continuous speech produces several observable

119 multiple sequential contexts (e.g., a single phoneme in different words).

120 a specific phoneme changes to the same other phoneme in many words in the lexicon-a phenomenon known

121 Newborn infants distinguish the phonemes in all languages but by 10 months show adult-li

122 ioral measurement to investigate the role of phonemes in Mandarin production.

123 of complex auditory stimuli, such as speech phonemes in noise.

124 coughs replacing high versus low probability phonemes in sentential words differed from each other as

125 ical phoneme sequences, and one based on the phonemes in the current word alone; at the same time, ev

126 es thus exhibit ultra-fast tuning to natural phonemes in the first hours after birth.

127 formed an incidental task while listening to phonemes in the MRI scanner.

128 itive appearance of acoustic distinctions of phonemes in the neural data.

129 a 5 d training regimen on a consonant-vowel phoneme-in-noise discrimination task.

130 its representations of incompatible auditory phonemes, increasing perceptual accuracy and decreasing

131 ch by obtaining the time-locked responses to phoneme instances (phoneme-related potential).

132 the properties of evoked neural responses to phoneme instances in continuous speech.

133 ctivation associated with the integration of phonemes into temporally complex patterns (i.e., words)

134 We analyze, jointly and in parallel, phoneme inventories from 2,082 worldwide languages and m

135 However, the geographic distribution of phoneme inventory sizes does not follow the predictions

136 usly variable acoustic signals into discrete phonemes is a fundamental feature of speech communicatio

137 elopment from infants' earliest responses to phonemes is reflected in infants' language abilities in

138 to retain and repeat unfamiliar sequences of phonemes is usually impaired in children with specific l

139 rocessing of short-timescale patterns (i.e., phonemes) is consistently localized to left mid-superior

140 hat early auditory regions seem to represent phoneme-level cross-linguistic information, contrary to

141 c story-listening to investigate (1) whether phoneme-level features are tracked over and above acoust

142 aints, impacted the encoding of acoustic and phoneme-level features, and (3) whether the tracking of

143 Models incorporating phoneme-level information in the language experience ind

144 We first show that encoding models with phoneme-level linguistic features, in addition to acoust

145 acoustic features into internally generated phoneme-level representations.

146 syllabic rhythm and temporally organize the phoneme-level response of gamma neurons into a code that

147 tic element at a single position generates a phoneme-like contrast that is sufficient to distinguish

148 d and the decoding of phoneme subgroups from phoneme-locked responses, can be explained by an encodin

149 Grapheme-to-phoneme mapping regularity is thought to determine the g

150 , specifically learning alphabetic letter-to-phoneme mappings, modifies online speech processing and

151 ession, but only if the content of the inner phoneme matched the content of the audible phoneme.

152 avioural deficit in processing mispronounced phonemes may be due to a disruption to the typical excha

153 stimuli preceded by text that made critical phonemes more or less probable.

154 higher-level patterns (e.g., words) in which phonemes normally occur.

155 only detectable, however, after the initial phonemes of W2 had been heard.

156 In speech, the same phoneme often has different acoustic patterns depending

157 rly as 50 ms and as late as 400 ms after the phoneme onset.

158 rly as 50 ms and as late as 400 ms after the phoneme onset.

159 We show that the neural tracking of word and phoneme onsets and word level linguistic features in the

160 ake place at the level of single grapheme or phoneme or syllable, but rather, at the lexical level.

161 or and object name either shared the initial phoneme or were phonologically unrelated.

162 dent of whether the stimuli were composed of phonemes or hummed notes.

163 SiN measures varied by target (phonemes or syllables, words, and sentences) and masker

164 g memory: the ability to hold and manipulate phonemes or words in mind.

165 Phoneme perception measures included vowel and consonant

166 h-level (word) predictions inform low-level (phoneme) predictions, supporting hierarchical predictive

167 cal processing of real words and grapheme-to-phoneme processing of pseudo-words.

168 ly capable of supporting multiple aspects of phoneme processing.

169 omenon of coarticulation (differentiation of phoneme production depending on the preceding or followi

170 e combination with natural categories (e.g., phonemes), providing qualitative evidence that human obs

171 ing children, hemispheric specialization for phoneme rate modulation processing may still be developi

172 c specialization for processing syllable and phoneme rate modulations in preliterate children may rev

173 n cortical evoked potentials to syllable and phoneme rate modulations were measured in 5-year-old chi

174 rate modulations and a symmetric pattern for phoneme rate modulations, regardless of hereditary risk

175 ft hemispheric specialization is assumed for phoneme rate modulations.

176 re that (a) focused stimulation will improve phoneme recognition and (b) speech perception will impro

177 ase; and (c) speech tests including filtered phoneme recognition and speech-in-noise recognition.

178 ned with recent findings in segmental (e.g., phoneme) recognition, the current results provide the ba

179 time-locked responses to phoneme instances (phoneme-related potential).

180 between left-biased cortical oscillations in phoneme-relevant frequencies and speech-in-noise percept

181 infant preference for native over non-native phonemes remain unclear.

182 chanisms used by the human brain to identify phonemes remain unclear.

183 Whereas naming latencies were unaffected by phoneme repetition, ERP responses were modulated from 20

184 to the tendency for people to hallucinate a phoneme replaced by a non-speech sound (e.g., a tone) in

185 to the word-VOTC, as we found viseme but not phoneme representation in adjacent FFA, while PPA did no

186 An example of this capacity is phoneme restoration, in which part of a word is complete

187 The production of the inner phoneme resulted in electrophysiological suppression, bu

188 rtion of Broca's area performs operations on phoneme segments specifically or implements processes ge

189 rus was somewhat more specific to sequencing phoneme segments.

190 suggesting that text may be converted into a phoneme sequence for speech initiation and production re

191 Nonsense words contained phoneme sequence onsets (i.e., /pt/, /pt/, /st/ and /st/

192 Despite not being consciously aware of phoneme sequence statistics, listeners use this informat

193 significantly influenced by exposure to the phoneme sequences of the native-language.

194 ly neural responses, one based on sublexical phoneme sequences, and one based on the phonemes in the

195 nth-olds, 12-month-olds' responses to native phonemes showed smaller and faster phase synchronization

196 Comparing the patterns of phoneme similarity in the neural responses and the acous

197 aphic history has left similar signatures on phonemes-sound units that distinguish meaning between wo

198 iate pattern classification of corresponding phonemes (speech sounds) and visemes (lip movements).

199 linguistic trees predicts similar ancestral phoneme states to those predicted from ancient sources.

200 ic contrasts represent a rudimentary form of phoneme structure and a potential early step towards the

201 c features were combined and the decoding of phoneme subgroups from phoneme-locked responses, can be

202 tion depending on the preceding or following phonemes) suggests an organization of movement sequences

203 However, phoneme surprisal, cohort entropy, word surprisal, and w

204 me, duration of the formant transitions, and phoneme, syllable, and word boundaries.

205 recognizing specific linguistic units (e.g., phonemes, syllables).

206 lose language pairs share significantly more phonemes than distant language pairs, whether or not the

207 isolated exhibit more variance in number of phonemes than languages with many neighbors.

208 nd a detailed articulatory representation of phonemes that persists years after paralysis.

209 effects on vSMC representations of produced phonemes that suggest active control of coarticulation:

210 o further sentences (variable in content and phonemes), the similarity scores were significantly wors

211 he context of categories such as objects and phonemes, thereby requiring a solution to the cue combin

212 ms into a hierarchy of representations, from phonemes to meaning.

213 e scales, ranging from short-duration (e.g., phonemes) to long-duration cues (e.g., syllables, prosod

214 ons conveyed by speech -speaker identity and phonemes- to examine (1) whether neonates can compute TP

215 g study, participants identified one of four phoneme tokens (/ba/, /ma/, /da/, or /ta/) under one of

216 teractions among abstract categorical (i.e., phonemes/visemes) or amodal (e.g., articulatory) speech

217 recisely specified time, at which an audible phoneme was concurrently presented.

218 Phonemes were tracked more strongly in a comprehended la

219 tory system is specialized for processing of phonemes, whereas the right is specialized for processin

220 ements to generate individual speech sounds (phonemes) which, in turn, are rapidly organized into com

221 produce utterances by reversing the order of phonemes while retaining their identity.

222 strated the availability of the word-initial phoneme within 100 ms after picture onset.

223 thus efficient processing of the distinctive phonemes within the sound environment.

224 d however observe a left posterior effect of phoneme/word probability around 192-224 ms-clear evidenc

225 We too found the robust N400 effect of phoneme/word probability, but did not observe the early

226 a continuously varying acoustic signal into phonemes, words, and meaning, and these levels all have