ライフサイエンスコーパス: plastic

1 aque material (metal, glass, stone, and some plastics).

2 % of all anthropogenic mf were identified as plastic.

3 ion for why sea turtles interact with marine plastic.

4 ding the environmental impacts of single-use plastic.

5 ly fluorescent, chemically inert, machinable plastic.

6 nts and only 33% of the fibers analyzed were plastic.

7 yzed to estimate the release of seven common plastics.

8 plastic chemical nature differs greatly from plastics.

9 ater are principal sources for wet-deposited plastics.

10 cent progress made in the sustainable use of plastics.

11 These CBCT scans were used to print plastic 3D prints of the nasal cavities, which were also

12 e products are always better than single-use plastics; (4) recycling and composting should be the hig

13 date, however, the fate of potentially toxic plastic additives has received comparatively little atte

14 vidence for the transfer and accumulation of plastic additives in the tissues of seabirds, we conduct

15 ical with a wide spectrum of applications in plastics, adhesives and thermal papers.

16 nts for 42% of the variance in the length of plastic an animal may ingest and indicates a size ratio

17 er stress, while the FAA composition is more plastic and adaptable to changing environments, and that

18 momers and heteromers, they are structurally plastic and can exert unique biological action.

19 ation, chief cells and mucous neck cells are plastic and converge into a pre-metaplastic cell type th

20 iance and evolution model was used to assess plastic and evolved changes in gene expression.

21 primarily food packaging, consumes the most plastic and is the largest contributor to municipal soli

22 Plastisphere is at the interface between the plastic and its surrounding milieu, and thus drives ever

23 rogels, as a previously overlooked source of plastic and microplastic pollution.

24 e, and (ii) the accumulation and mobility of plastic and organic matter through the column (analogous

25 reast oncologic surgery, orthopedic surgery, plastic and reconstructive surgery, and rhinology.

26 Identifying the plastic and stable components of the visual cortex after

27 ired 140-460 Tg of biomass and 260 tonnes of plastic and that industry emissions could double by 2030

28 a synthetic ingredient of the polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins used in food containers, cans,

29 an be released during the entire lifespan of plastics and pose a threat to the environment and human

30 rizations defining various sources of marine plastics and removal of plastic particles because of bea

31 ed on an irresponsible linear consumption of plastics and the access to cheap oil, is creating seriou

32 the understanding of the fate of particulate plastics and to assessing the associated environmental r

33 ith them: to adopt a circular consumption of plastics and to produce renewable carbon-neutral monomer

34 and discuss what is known about behavioral, plastic, and evolutionary strategies for dealing with va

35 A wide range of marine organisms ingest plastic, and its impacts are of growing concern [2].

36 ity, SARS-CoV-2 survived on stainless steel, plastic, and nitrile for half-life 2.3-17.9 h.

37 s indicate that plant genomes are remarkably plastic, and that dynamic GNs generate new biosynthetic

38 -CoV-2 virus, which survives up to 3 days on plastics, and there are also broad impacts to ecosystems

39 an electrochemical sensor with a biomimetic plastic antibody film for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA,

40 The ingestion of plastics appears to be widespread throughout the animal

41 ndicate that both inputs and stocks of ocean plastics are much higher than determined previously.

42 Because plastics are persistent, they fragment into pieces that

43 ojected that around 4700 metric tons (Mt) of plastics are released into the Australian environment th

44 Of this, 3700 Mt of plastics are released to agricultural lands and 140 Mt t

45 Concerns over the role of reusable plastics as vectors for SARS-CoV-2 virus contributed to

46 sible switching from soft hydrogels to rigid plastics at elevated temperature is reported.

47 The fifth specimen, which was stored in a plastic bag, provided no useful MALDI-TOF MS spectra.

48 Seven commercial samples, consisted of plastic bags, tetrabrik and box, were evaluated by gas c

49 tifies a commitment point that separates the plastic basal and transition cell state from unidirectio

50 Plastics become rapidly colonized by microbes when relea

51 s, we critically discuss current research on plastic biodegradation and the identification of potenti

52 modules, like conventional toy interlocking plastic blocks, allowing for literally thousands of pote

53 of BPA present drinking water stored in the plastic bottles.

54 Charcoal production and use, including plastic burning to initiate combustion, release large qu

55 Beverages, often packaged in plastic, can be a source of microplastics in the human d

56 ic adaptation, but little is known about how plastic capacity may be influenced by biogeographic and

57 y relieve the overall volume change, and the plastic carbon shell maintains the structural integrity

58 Macrophages are highly plastic cells with critical roles in immunity, cancer, a

59 ways that alter the function of these highly plastic cells, has been the subject of intense interest

60 These plastic cerebellar changes were complemented by changes

61 Making a long term depression-like plastic change to dIPL node transformed the aIPL-M1 inte

62 d after inducing a long term depression-like plastic change to dIPL node with continuous theta-burst

63 solidating long-term memories, and undergoes plastic changes during sleep(1).

64 Plastic changes have been reported in the SOD1-G93A mous

65 ions in neuronal activity elicit homeostatic plastic changes in synaptic transmission and/or intrinsi

66 BDNF is a neurotrophic factor that regulates plastic changes in the brain, including dendritic growth

67 ivering TMS during MI is capable of inducing plastic changes in the motor system.

68 This fast intrinsic adaptation included plastic changes in the threshold current and a distal re

69 Excitatory principal neurons (PNs) undergo plastic changes to encode this association; however, loc

70 tion flux in the crystals enable homogeneous plastic co-deformation of the two regions.

71 The vasculature represents a highly plastic compartment, capable of switching from a quiesce

72 an adaptation to dry conditions, is there a plastic component such that mothers would excavate deepe

73 Environmentally relevant exposure of plastics compounded with one flame retardant and four ul

74 n tissue-engineered blood vessels (TEBVs) by plastic compression.

75 Field measurements of plastic concentrations in the Mediterranean are used to

76 f model results and measurements of floating plastic concentrations.

77 ate as synaptic boutons that form stable yet plastic connections with their targets.

78 o develop an allometric relationship between plastic consumption and animal size to estimate the size

79 d global action is urgently needed to reduce plastic consumption; increase rates of reuse, waste coll

80 Because marine plastics contain an array of hazardous compounds, the ch

81 microplastics because our libraries include plastics containing a range of additives and pigments th

82 r groups to determine the fate and danger of plastic contamination.

83 ass spectrometry to improve the detection of plastic contamination.

84 etization peak coincides with the elastic-to-plastic crossover at low T, yet the mechanism changes at

85 Plastic crystals (PCs), formed by certain types of molec

86 The removal of pristine versus weathered plastic debris and the impact of plastic particle size o

87 we examined the longest data set on floating plastic debris available globally, collected using plank

88 approach to elucidate degradation trends of plastic debris by linking abiotic and biotic degradation

89 en indirect [4-7], and it is unclear whether plastic debris is the source of these pollutants.

90 lastics formed during natural degradation of plastic debris were used for the method development.

91 interior conceals high loads of small-sized plastic debris which can balance and even exceed the est

92 sea turtles respond to odors from biofouled plastic debris with the same behavior that is elicited b

93 , which comprises the microbial community on plastic debris, rivals that of the built environment in

94 ental fate and transport of macro- and micro-plastic debris, robust and reproducible methods, technol

95 From marine plastic debris, we enriched and isolated microbes able t

96 show a desirable combination of homogeneous plastic deformability and strength in the bcc MPEA MoNbT

97 commodates tensile strains up to 60% without plastic deformation by aligning BNNTs, which enhances th

98 ger hcp phase progressively increases during plastic deformation by forming at the stacking-fault net

99 ant reductions in tensile stress and elastic-plastic deformation during dicing, thanks to a lower CoF

100 rrific mechanical integrity that resists the plastic deformation during the lithiation/delithiation.

101 Plastic deformation in crystalline materials consists of

102 mentally different avenues for accommodating plastic deformation in the body-centered cubic (bcc) var

103 Twinning is commonly activated in plastic deformation of low stacking-fault face-centered

104 Plastic deformation, degradation, and relaxation of stre

105 osslinked by weak bonds usually exhibit more plastic deformation.

106 ucture of disordered colloidal solids during plastic deformation.

107 Maintaining a constant plastic demand over time was crucial in order to reduce

108 n plastic, representing 85-90% of the annual plastic demand, were demonstrated after 50 years in the

109 MIA increases plastic dendritic spines of the intrinsically bursting n

110 By contrast, plastics deposited under dry conditions were smaller in

111 r day, which amounts to >1000 metric tons of plastic deposition to western U.S. protected lands annua

112 has evolved multiple times from ancestrally plastic developmental variation during adaptation to hig

113 crine-disrupting chemicals that are added to plastics during manufacturing and may leach out once the

114 xtraordinary efforts to transform the global plastics economy are needed.

115 y, at different levels of effort to estimate plastic emissions to 2030 for 173 countries.

116 (pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) and the plastic explosive composite Semtex 1A) in acetonitrile (

117 al size to estimate the size distribution of plastics feasibly ingested by animals.

118 tissues of seabirds, we conducted an in vivo plastic feeding experiment.

119 -defined polymers in areas such as synthetic plastics, fibers, rubbers, coatings, and composites.

120 Fused deposition modeling (FDM), which uses plastic filaments extruded through a heated nozzle, is t

121 s research aimed i) to assess the alimentary plastic film efficacy to remove or lessen HAs content in

122 Globally, the alimentary plastic film was able to improve the organoleptic qualit

123 Understanding the interdependence of plastic flow and microscopic structure in these nonequil

124 n the linear regime to primarily fluid-like, plastic flow at larger amplitudes.

125 eal that the relaxation rate associated with plastic flow at time t is correlated with the strain rat

126 ening; this leads to extreme localization of plastic flow in shear bands, and is associated with earl

127 sovers from elastic (collective) dynamics to plastic flow.

128 oelastic solid to a material with fluid-like plastic flow.

129 Plastic food packages usually contain additives which ma

130 sed on the analysis of thousands of floating plastic fragments from a global collection, here we prop

131 ates, likely arising from alterations to the plastic from environmental weathering processes with suc

132 ds to assess: (i) the release of particulate plastic from the sludge, and (ii) the accumulation and m

133 entration ([CO(2) ]) has largely focussed on plastic functional attributes to single generation [CO(2

134 wide range of substrates including glass and plastic, further demonstrating the broad applicability o

135 state of the pangenome provided evidence of plastic genomes and a much larger genetic repertoire of

136 a corridor flanked left and right by rows of plastic hanging chains.

137 o the environmental impact of a product; (2) plastic has the most environmental impact of all packagi

138 ibuted to the reversal of bans on single-use plastics, highly supported by the plastic industry.

139 bats with flights through a tunnel of round plastic hoops or a corridor flanked left and right by ro

140 leading to populations enriched with highly plastic hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal cells, which displ

141 but not those in core auditory cortex, were plastic in a way that may enhance the representation of

142 crophages have been shown to be tremendously plastic in both in vitro and in vivo settings; however,

143 r has also demonstrated that ADH activity is plastic in response to alcohol concentration in substrat

144 ermined, in part, by phytochemistry which is plastic in response to environmental conditions.

145 To avoid a massive build-up of plastic in the environment, coordinated global action is

146 ltural practices can lead to accumulation of plastic in the soil.

147 nd identification of potential migrants from plastics in challenging samples such as honey.

148 The gaps between bio- and conventional plastics in food packaging are elucidated.

149 Up to 80% of the plastics in the oceans are believed to have been transfe

150 While not underestimating the importance of plastics in the prevention of COVID-19 transmission, it

151 links in marine food webs to the fate of the plastics in the water column.

152 ormance levels if receptive fields are still plastic, in line with findings on a critical period for

153 dependence on crude oil feedstock makes the plastic industry unsustainable and renders plastic marke

154 single-use plastics, highly supported by the plastic industry.

155 tivity, phenotypic modulation of the cast of plastic innate immune cells ensues, leading to the produ

156 Estimates of plastic inputs into the ocean are orders of magnitude la

157 ch can balance and even exceed the estimated plastic inputs into the ocean since 1950.

158 isphere community exists that is specific to plastic is currently a topic of intense investigation.

159 Characterization of the color of the plastic is often included in studies on plastic pollutio

160 of turbidity currents to transport and bury plastics is essentially unstudied.

161 velopment of bioalternatives to conventional plastics is now a priority of the food packaging industr

162 In experiment 2, the plastic leachate also reduced the appendage curling rate

163 he maximum stress generated is less than the plastic limit of the graphene.

164 In March 2019, we removed as much plastic litter as possible from Aldabra Atoll, a remote

165 pective from which to observe the problem of plastic litter in the marine environment, but few studie

166 Given the serious detrimental effects of plastic litter on marine ecosystems, we conclude that cl

167 the transboundary nature of both the marine plastic litter problem and the ecosystem services provid

168 The mass-imbalance between the plastic litter supplied to and observed in the ocean cur

169 Despite this increase and clear evidence of plastics loss into the oceans, including a substantial s

170 As plastic marine debris continues to accumulate in the oce

171 e plastic industry unsustainable and renders plastic markets vulnerable to oil price volatility.

172 water did not result in a measurable loss of plastic mass (p = 0.001) and caused only very limited ch

173 s printed by FDM technology using conductive plastic material were evaluated for their detection capa

174 It was built with inexpensive plastic materials and operated manually without requirin

175 Plastic materials contain various additives, which can b

176 Polymers and plastic materials make up a substantial portion of these

177 th fragmentation and discolouration of ocean plastics may occur because of longer exposure time to su

178 er FG suitable for use in bulk composites of plastic, metals, plywood, concrete and other building ma

179 The average deposition of plastic mf was 12 mf m(-2) day(-1).

180 ero waste" efforts that eliminate single-use plastics minimize the environmental impacts of an event.

181 ble to rapidly store incoming information by plastic modifications of synaptic weights within its rec

182 breast cancer cells cultured in mechanically plastic, nanoporous, and minimally degradable interpenet

183 Plastic occurred in 50% of regurgitates (n = 74) and 45%

184 Considering that plastics of other sizes and polymer types will be found

185 When coupled to a plastic optical fibre (POF) plasmonic platform, the anal

186 y to model the degradation behavior of ocean plastics or understand if degradation is possible?

187 , we report that a mechanical deformation of plastic organic single crystals such as bending results

188 These misperceptions include: (1) plastic packaging is the largest contributor to the envi

189 ometry (ICP-OES), on more than 100 different plastic packaging products, which are all separated into

190 Plastic packaging typically consists of a mixture of pol

191 metals, and halogens, of commonly generated plastic packaging waste streams in European sorting faci

192 esearch has not detected a temporal trend in plastic particle concentration in the surface ocean.

193 s a significant increasing temporal trend in plastic particle concentration that tracked cumulative g

194 s weathered plastic debris and the impact of plastic particle size on removal remain largely unexplor

195 More effects were observed for smaller plastic particles (i.e., size <=20 mum), affecting fish

196 an spectra, we present a spectral library of plastic particles aged in the environment (SLoPP-E).

197 redictions of the sink/source functioning of plastic particles and their impact on the dynamic chemic

198 m how rivers contain a significant number of plastic particles and thus may be major conduits of micr

199 to control under laboratory conditions, and plastic particles are often naturally or experimentally

200 us sources of marine plastics and removal of plastic particles because of beaching and sinking.

201 Our results suggest that, while loss of plastic particles from the surface ocean undoubtedly occ

202 Microplastics are defined as microscopic plastic particles in the range from few micrometers and

203 scription of the physicochemical features of plastic particles to be provided in experimental studies

204 dation for the definition of nanoplastics as plastic particles with sizes ranging between 1 nm and 1

205 f materials, quality control of manufactured plastic parts, self-assembly of objects in 3D, separatio

206 Deposition rates averaged 132 plastics per square meter per day, which amounts to >100

207 al selection can improve upon an ancestrally plastic phenotype to produce a locally adaptive trait, b

208 Alternative plastic phenotypes can be selected through a process cal

209 iple astrocyte subsets or activation states (plastic phenotypes driven by intrinsic and extrinsic cue

210 ecognize that it is time to take research on plastic-Plastisphere-environment interactions a step fur

211 sensing and reference membranes to an inert plastic platform material is a very promising approach t

212 lementing all feasible interventions reduced plastic pollution by 40% from 2016 rates and 78% relativ

213 The widespread crisis of plastic pollution demands discovery of new and sustainab

214 Plastic pollution in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean h

215 Environmental plastic pollution is a major ecological and societal con

216 Plastic pollution is a pervasive and growing problem.

217 Plastic pollution is a planetary threat, affecting nearl

218 However, plastic pollution remains challenging to monitor in the

219 The threat posed by plastic pollution to marine ecosystems and human health

220 the plastic is often included in studies on plastic pollution.

221 Plastics pollution represents a global environmental cri

222 s appeared blueish-purple, whereas different plastic polymers appeared red, green, and yellow when vi

223 ility, and functions to replace nonrenewable plastics, polymers, and metals.

224 seasonal wing color phenotype in a naturally plastic population of butterflies (Junonia coenia) and c

225 ry connections alongside inhibition from two plastic populations.

226 ications of photoreceptor signals activate a plastic post-receptoral substrate that could potentially

227 ived a great deal of interest in periodontal plastic procedures.

228 Plastic production has outgrown most other man-made mate

229 The current scale of plastics production and the accompanying waste disposal

230 Since the start of commercial plastics production in the 1940s, global production has

231 concentration that tracked cumulative global plastics production.

232 the force dependence of the viscoelastic and plastic properties of fibroblasts using a protocol with

233 Although the basal regulation and plastic range of proximal and distal synapses are known

234 arge-scale deformation occurred in a brittle-plastic regime and was accommodated through folding and

235 Per-capita mass loads of plastics (Sigma(6)plastics) released were between 8 and 877 g/person/year

236 rates (RR, 13-20%) and dependence on virgin plastic, representing 85-90% of the annual plastic deman

237 here is widespread consensus that methods in plastic research need improvement.

238 onstrate that Hh levels are the cause of the plastic response and not simply the consequence of produ

239 across all conditions tested and exhibited a plastic response on a timescale of hours in nonsteady-st

240 sting seasons, a finding best explained as a plastic response to soil moisture, because differences i

241 bility-reflects environmental conditions and plastic responses by generalist herbivores to low host p

242 a theoretical framework for the evolution of plastic responses that integrate information from multip

243 Plastic responses to competition differed depending on m

244 reduced biomass and fitness by over 98%, and plastic responses to competition varied by genotype (sig

245 fic trait variation is caused by genetic and plastic responses to environment.

246 r some circumstances, to display appropriate plastic responses to environmental conditions that they

247 s influenced by local adaptations, including plastic responses.

248 to glycolysis to allow them to perform rapid plastic responses.

249 engineering protocol to realize controllable plastic reversibility in metallic nanocrystals.

250 to identify both consumer and environmental plastic samples.

251 Per-capita mass loads of plastics (Sigma(6)plastics) released were between 8 and

252 telier (PLC) effect is a phenomenon by which plastic slip in metallic materials becomes unstable, res

253 al shelf and directly connect to terrestrial plastic sources.

254 everage cans (n = 16) and reusable metal and plastic sports bottles (n = 51).

255 Stroke induces a plastic state in the brain.

256 tructural materials (e.g., natural polymers, plastics, steels, and alloys).

257 stents/lumen-apposing metal stents alone or plastic stents combined with irrigation.

258 posing metal stents appear to be superior to plastic stents for endoscopic transmural drainage of nec

259 a have occurred above the regions of current plastic strain accumulation.

260 The results indicate that plastic strain bursts consist of numerous individual dis

261 ulted in a large deviation from the level of plastic strain expected for uniaxial loading of single p

262 ith high temperature to levels unattained by plastic strains.

263 highly conserved among IgLONs but remarkably plastic structurally.

264 with the processing requirements of flexible plastic substrates.

265 To improve physical characteristics of plastics such as flexibility and durability, producers e

266 and sustainable approaches to degrade robust plastics such as nylons.

267 -77 degrees C, comparable with high-strength plastics such as polyethylene terephthalate.

268 on is similar across individuals but remains plastic, suggesting a means through which the olfactory

269 ned, coagulant efficiency increased when the plastic surface was weathered.

270 onfirmed the relatively low affinity between plastic surfaces and aluminum-based coagulants compared

271 ptosis was assessed by a masked oculofacial plastic surgeon at the end of the study.

272 tibiotic prophylaxis for routine oculofacial plastic surgery is not well established.

273 ssue grafts for periodontal and peri-implant plastic surgical reconstruction.

274 ergoing immediate IBBR from 81 UK breast and plastic surgical units.

275 These roles are augmented by plastic synapses.

276 olymerizations are conveniently conducted in plastic syringes and in the absence of any additives or

277 Traditionally, food is packaged in plastic that is rarely recyclable, negatively impacting

278 , and water leachate of weathered single-use plastics that contained micro- and nanosized particles.

279 1 between animal body length and the largest plastic the animal may ingest.

280 CXCL12 preferentially regulates plastic thin spines on layer II/III pyramidal neurons of

281 ecal material were also distinguishable from plastic, though to a lesser extent.

282 ic assimilation and adaptive refinement of a plastic trait can be a source of biological diversity an

283 pared to WT, fat-1 mice exhibited a markedly plastic transcriptome response to EtOH.

284 stics of submicrometric kerogenous lamellae, plastic tube-wall deformation, and tube-wall delaminatio

285 lytical approaches are necessary for in situ plastic-type identification and characterization.

286 With machine learning classifiers, consumer plastic types were identified with 99, 91, 97, and 70% s

287 person/year, which represents 0.13% of total plastics use in Australia.

288 al systems; and accelerate innovation in the plastic value chain.

289 hat 19 to 23 million metric tons, or 11%, of plastic waste generated globally in 2016 entered aquatic

290 put the complex environmental challenges of plastic waste into better context, integrating a holisti

291 The fate of plastic waste is a pressing issue since it forms a visib

292 inability assessment and their impact on the plastic waste management system, are discussed.

293 impact of three broad management strategies, plastic waste reduction, waste management, and environme

294 lack, discarded food, rubber tyres and mixed plastic waste-can afford gram-scale quantities of graphe

295 receive unprecedented amounts of the world's plastic waste.

296 Plastic wastes burdening Earth's water and accumulating

297 Suspected plastics were successfully classified as plastics with a

298 to reduce the absolute dependence on virgin plastic, which was not reflected by the RR.

299 ted plastics were successfully classified as plastics with an accuracy of 86%.

300 gel to a range of surfaces, including glass, plastic, wood, poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE), stainle