ライフサイエンスコーパス: reinforcing effect

1 rs in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) has a reinforcing effect.

2 ng that enthalpy and entropy have a mutually reinforcing effect.

3 f cannabis and is responsible for the drug's reinforcing effects.

4 opamine in nucleus accumbens underlies their reinforcing effects.

5 effects of methylphenidate in brain and its reinforcing effects.

6 f cannabis and is responsible for the drug's reinforcing effects.

7 rs where stimulation has both drive-like and reinforcing effects.

8 e behavioral paradigms, we failed to observe reinforcing effects after stimulation of these fibers.

9 Importantly, TP003 had significant reinforcing effects, albeit at lower levels of self-admi

10 e 5-HT1B agonists do not produce significant reinforcing effects alone.

11 col/glycerol) vapor, suggesting low positive reinforcing effects and low nicotine vapor discriminatio

12 ng stimuli and that their optoactivation has reinforcing effects and promotes positive emotional resp

13 receptors play a role in modifying ethanol's reinforcing effects and voluntary intake, and that 5-HT1

14 n important site in the mediation of cocaine reinforcing effects, and MPFC self-stimulation (MPFCSS)

15 ed DA increases (as well as their subjective reinforcing effects) are markedly blunted compared with

16 tially, alcohol is consumed for its positive reinforcing effects, but later stages of AUD are charact

17 Drugs of abuse exert their initial reinforcing effects by triggering supraphysiologic surge

18 hold for blood and brain levels required for reinforcing effects (drug liking) and for therapeutic ef

19 dala (CeA) nucleus has a complex role in the reinforcing effects effects of ethanol and the anxiogeni

20 the overall site-selectivity arises from two reinforcing effects: (i) kinetically meta-selective oxid

21 s, whereas THC (0.01-10 mug/kg) did not have reinforcing effects in any subject.

22 R agonists (PRE-084, (+)-pentazocine) lacked reinforcing effects in drug-naive rats, over the course

23 shell--consistent with their lack of robust reinforcing effects in monkeys.

24 valuated intravenously administered 2-AG for reinforcing effects in nonhuman primates.

25 sts, and that the mechanism underlying these reinforcing effects is dopamine independent.

26 to inform us about mechanisms related to its reinforcing effects, less is known about clinically rele

27 cquisition and expression of the conditioned reinforcing effects maintained by drug-paired stimuli.

28 The reinforcing effects occur principally through GABA and d

29 Reinforcing effects occur when methylphenidate elicits l

30 rpeduncular (Hb-IPn) system can modulate the reinforcing effect of addictive drugs and the anxiolytic

31 The main reinforcing effect of cocaine happens by altering dopami

32 effect of cocaine while also modulating the reinforcing effect of cocaine in an operant-based self-a

33 addiction, mAb 15A10 blocked completely the reinforcing effect of cocaine in rats.

34 The main reinforcing effect of cocaine is alteration of dopaminer

35 o an increase in extracellular dopamine; the reinforcing effect of cocaine is associated with elevate

36 The reinforcing effect of cocaine is associated with increas

37 n as DAT has been implicated strongly in the reinforcing effect of cocaine.

38 ioural and brain system levels, and abnormal reinforcing effect of levodopa when PD+HS patients are c

39 We propose that this memory-reinforcing effect of novelty could be explained by mech

40 A02 and D03, suggesting a rare but important reinforcing effect of parallel evolution between suscept

41 The reinforcing effect of picrotoxin was site-specific: Ante

42 ts a novel mechanism underlying the positive reinforcing effect of stressful stimuli.

43 The reduced positive reinforcing effect of sucrose at high internal glycogen

44 ght envisions dopamine neurons conveying the reinforcing effect of the unconditioned stimulus during

45 release, which is critically involved in the reinforcing effect of tobacco smoking.

46 of cannabinoid self-administration, and the reinforcing effects of 2-AG were mediated by CB1 recepto

47 o assess involvement of CB1 receptors in the reinforcing effects of 2-AG, we pretreated monkeys with

48 e ventromedial striatum (VMS) mediates acute reinforcing effects of abused drugs, but with protracted

49 possibility that these receptors mediate the reinforcing effects of alcohol after consumption of one

50 ketamine (RET + KET) effectively reduced the reinforcing effects of alcohol and long-term drinking le

51 delta-containing receptors may underlie the reinforcing effects of alcohol during PMS, when eye sacc

52 suppresses, rather than substitutes for, the reinforcing effects of alcohol.

53 ining GABAA receptors may have a role in the reinforcing effects of benzodiazepine-type compounds in

54 receptors may be important mediators of the reinforcing effects of benzodiazepine-type compounds in

55 anxiolytic, sedative, motor, subjective, and reinforcing effects of benzodiazepine-type drugs.

56 Finally, we show that the reinforcing effects of both anandamide and methanandamid

57 (JJC8-091, 3b) was effective in reducing the reinforcing effects of both cocaine and methamphetamine

58 opan-2-ol (3b) was effective in reducing the reinforcing effects of both cocaine and methamphetamine

59 binol (THC) in adolescent rats might enhance reinforcing effects of cannabinoids in adulthood.

60 Parkinsonian rodent models show enhanced reinforcing effects of chronic dopaminergic medication,

61 and that the D1 receptor is critical for the reinforcing effects of cocaine and other dopamine agonis

62 In monkeys, social status influences the reinforcing effects of cocaine and the effects of some d

63 determined by in vivo microdialysis, on the reinforcing effects of cocaine and the opioid agonist, r

64 the role of the dopamine transporter in the reinforcing effects of cocaine and the ultimate identifi

65 We tested the hypothesis that the reinforcing effects of cocaine are decreased in M5 recep

66 current data suggest that the satiating and reinforcing effects of cocaine are mediated by different

67 Although the reinforcing effects of cocaine are mediated primarily by

68 aine seeking that depends on the conditioned reinforcing effects of cocaine cues requires activity in

69 portunity to test whether an increase in the reinforcing effects of cocaine developed after prolonged

70 The reinforcing effects of cocaine have been related to incr

71 te that buspirone selectively attenuates the reinforcing effects of cocaine in a nonhuman primate mod

72 on of galanin could affect the locomotor and reinforcing effects of cocaine in mice.

73 suggests a critical role for dopamine in the reinforcing effects of cocaine in rats and primates.

74 -01] produced surmountable antagonism of the reinforcing effects of cocaine in the commonly used stra

75 For subordinate monkeys, sensitivity to the reinforcing effects of cocaine increased while sensitivi

76 ditioned reinstatement extend to the primary reinforcing effects of cocaine or SCM.

77 nsporter (DAT) plays a prominent role in the reinforcing effects of cocaine that can lead to addictio

78 consistent with a partial attenuation of the reinforcing effects of cocaine under a fixed-ratio sched

79 e the effects of social confrontation on the reinforcing effects of cocaine using a food-drug choice

80 ibutions of D2-like receptor subtypes in the reinforcing effects of cocaine using new genetic and pha

81 ced responsivity to uncertain rewards or the reinforcing effects of cocaine we observed.

82 Dopamine is an important mediator of the reinforcing effects of cocaine, and alterations in dopam

83 ndings suggest that Kal7 participates in the reinforcing effects of cocaine, and that Kal7 and cocain

84 ave been shown to regulate the rewarding and reinforcing effects of cocaine, but the underlying mecha

85 the dopamine system is known to mediate the reinforcing effects of cocaine, the dopaminergic variati

86 in mice has not been reported to reduce the reinforcing effects of cocaine.

87 cc may play a role in mediating the behavior reinforcing effects of cocaine.

88 PP-32 play important roles in modulating the reinforcing effects of cocaine.

89 concentrations of dopamine mediate the acute reinforcing effects of cocaine.

90 ter is thought to be the primary mediator of reinforcing effects of cocaine.

91 receptor subtype plays a pivotal role in the reinforcing effects of cocaine.

92 aine use that is causal in counteracting the reinforcing effects of cocaine.

93 ive ratio schedule, consistent with enhanced reinforcing effects of cocaine.

94 t not the SERT, is critical in mediating the reinforcing effects of cocaine.

95 r both (DAT(-/-)SERT(-/-)) exhibit decreased reinforcing effects of cocaine.

96 Reinforcing effects of Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (TH

97 ocal anesthetic properties may influence the reinforcing effects of dopamine uptake inhibitors, we in

98 but not the acquisition, of the conditioned reinforcing effects of drug-paired stimuli.

99 racterizing orderly interactions between the reinforcing effects of drugs and environmental context t

100 dum (VP) is a well-established locus for the reinforcing effects of drugs of abuse and reinstatement

101 The reinforcing effects of drugs of abuse result from the co

102 nown for its prominent role in mediating the reinforcing effects of drugs of abuse such as cocaine, a

103 eA) is an important integrative site for the reinforcing effects of drugs of abuse, such as ethanol.

104 pamine is widely implicated in mediating the reinforcing effects of drugs of abuse.

105 A) are well known for mediating the positive reinforcing effects of drugs of abuse.

106 IGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The attribution of the reinforcing effects of drugs to neutral stimuli (e.g., c

107 elease into the NAc is known to modulate the reinforcing effects of drugs, including heroin.

108 for investigating mechanisms involved in the reinforcing effects of endocannabinoids.

109 mmalian CaM impeded the activity of TRPY1 by reinforcing effects of endogenous CaM.

110 ying the neural areas underlying the primary reinforcing effects of ethanol, few studies have examine

111 the VTA, have been implicated in the primary reinforcing effects of ethanol, the roles these areas pl

112 action in CeA plays an important role in the reinforcing effects of ethanol.

113 brain region thought to be critical for the reinforcing effects of ethanol.

114 mPOA in the neural circuitry underlying the reinforcing effects of female sexual behavior and raise

115 ism may specifically suppress the hedonic or reinforcing effects of food, thus blocking its capacity

116 ine (DA) D2-like receptor involvement in the reinforcing effects of food.

117 clear, although self-selection and mutually reinforcing effects of HIV treatment and prevention mess

118 apse rates among alcoholics by modifying the reinforcing effects of initial alcohol consumption and a

119 recent levels of activity, results from the reinforcing effects of La-Nina-like climate conditions a

120 ate that M5 receptor deletion diminished the reinforcing effects of low doses of cocaine and identifi

121 mulus-reward learning and are induced by the reinforcing effects of many drugs of abuse, including al

122 The addictive and reinforcing effects of many drugs of abuse, such as coca

123 bic dopaminergic system is implicated in the reinforcing effects of many drugs, including nicotine, t

124 activation of the pelvic nerve mediates the reinforcing effects of mating for female rats.

125 results show that the pathway conveying the reinforcing effects of mating stimulation does not depen

126 2) Pharmacokinetics--the reinforcing effects of methylphenidate are associated wi

127 esponses, may mediate the enhancement of the reinforcing effects of methylphenidate by expectation an

128 olved in learning and memory, as well as the reinforcing effects of misused substances.

129 The reinforcing effects of nicotine administration into the

130 de that buspirone selectively attenuates the reinforcing effects of nicotine alone and nicotine+cocai

131 that varenicline selectively attenuates the reinforcing effects of nicotine alone but not cocaine al

132 This study examined whether the strong reinforcing effects of nicotine and changes in insulin b

133 choline receptors (nAChRs) are linked to the reinforcing effects of nicotine and maintaining smoking

134 mediate the development of tolerance to the reinforcing effects of nicotine and the manifestation of

135 The reinforcing effects of nicotine are mediated by brain re

136 We first investigated the reinforcing effects of nicotine in drug-naive alpha5(-/-

137 ects of nicotine can substantially alter the reinforcing effects of nicotine in later self-administra

138 sulin systems in the NAc modulate the strong reinforcing effects of nicotine in male diabetic rats.

139 The reinforcing effects of nicotine into the posterior VTA o

140 The reinforcing effects of nicotine into the three brain reg

141 Physiological, subjective, and reinforcing effects of nicotine were the main outcomes.

142 ibitor, increases sensitivity to the primary reinforcing effects of nicotine, shifting the dose-respo

143 Sex differences exist in the reinforcing effects of nicotine, smoking cessation rates

144 Men tend to smoke for the reinforcing effects of nicotine, whereas women tend to s

145 e examined whether these regions mediate the reinforcing effects of nicotine.

146 ate and magnitude are critical for the acute reinforcing effects of nicotine.

147 brain accumulation is critical for the acute reinforcing effects of nicotine.

148 al tegmental area (VTA) mediate the positive reinforcing effects of nicotine.

149 ns (NAc) in promoting sex differences in the reinforcing effects of nicotine.

150 D with respect to the initial subjective and reinforcing effects of nicotine; and interventions to pr

151 forcement, and whether dependence alters the reinforcing effects of opiates by examining the effect o

152 extended amygdala may be responsible for the reinforcing effects of opiates in dependent animals and

153 evious studies revealed that blockade of the reinforcing effects of opiates with systemic administrat

154 and has been implicated in the analgesic and reinforcing effects of opiates.

155 o fully delineate the DA contribution to the reinforcing effects of opioids.

156 Although the reinforcing effects of optogenetic DLS dopamine manipula

157 medial shell of the NAc are critical for the reinforcing effects of oral ethanol.

158 tio choice procedure was used to measure the reinforcing effects of oxycodone.

159 lts indicate that cocaine experience induces reinforcing effects of previously inactive sigma(1)R ago

160 er and Lewis rats may differ in the initial, reinforcing effects of psychoactive drugs, but not in re

161 are capable of increasing the rewarding and reinforcing effects of select psychostimulant drugs, and

162 n these communities appears secondary to the reinforcing effects of selective exposure and shared nar

163 Here, we examine the reinforcing effects of several compounds that vary with

164 ement through selective sensitization to the reinforcing effects of small cocaine doses.

165 content of cigarettes decreased the relative reinforcing effects of smoking in all 3 populations.

166 Dopamine has been implicated in the reinforcing effects of smoking.

167 d researchers arises from interlocking, self-reinforcing effects of structural biases in our research

168 om those that are critical for conveying the reinforcing effects of sugar.

169 eptor [6] specifically convey the short-term reinforcing effects of sweet taste [4].

170 Many of the reinforcing effects of THC are mediated by the dopamine

171 Reinforcing effects of THC have been demonstrated in exp

172 he left, consistent with potentiation of the reinforcing effects of THC.

173 se curves, consistent with antagonism of the reinforcing effects of THC.

174 The reinforcing effects of the alpha1-sparing compounds were

175 nnel blockers can prevent the behavioral and reinforcing effects of the drug and also cocaine-induced

176 term maintenance of associations between the reinforcing effects of the drug and the cues associated

177 es may further predispose an organism to the reinforcing effects of the drug or enhance the susceptib

178 nd the capacity of these titers to block the reinforcing effects of the drug, rats were tested at var

179 s in the amygdala that regulate the positive reinforcing effects of the drug.

180 e mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system drives the reinforcing effects of tobacco smoking, whereas the meso

181 o the lateral hypothalamus recapitulated the reinforcing effects of total DRN-MOR neuron stimulation.

182 attributable in part to a diminution of the reinforcing effects of vaginocervical stimulation.

183 Meanwhile, denim fabrics had a remarkable reinforcing effect on the composites' impact strength at

184 We evaluated lack of reinforcing effect, physical dependence, and withdrawal

185 Cocaine produces its reinforcing effects primarily by inhibiting the dopamine

186 ose-positron emission tomography) and on its reinforcing effects (self-reports of drug effects) were

187 Opioid action was thought to exert reinforcing effects solely via the initial agonism of op

188 netics, which results in fewer addictive and reinforcing effects than cocaine; the effects of the dru

189 -dependent individuals by reducing alcohol's reinforcing effects through facilitation of gamma-aminob

190 e anthropogenic environmental stressors with reinforcing effects to the deterioration of ecosystem st

191 nces in every phase of drug addiction: acute reinforcing effects, transition from occasional to compu

192 Sugar exerts its potent reinforcing effects via both gustatory and post-ingestiv

193 The induced reinforcing effects were long lasting; a response for wh

194 In contrast to those mice, cocaine's reinforcing effects were not diminished in SERT(-/-) mic