ライフサイエンスコーパス: rhizoid

1 ane and wall material for development of the rhizoid.

2 le regions of the stalk than at and near the rhizoid.

3 asing rhizoid branching and inducing ectopic rhizoids.

4 ed of reinforced, hollow cells termed pegged rhizoids.

5 zation but not for the AM penetration within rhizoids.

6 pressed at sites of morphogenesis but not in rhizoids.

7 ophyte algae with tissue-like structures and rhizoids.

8 ening via compound pores, and without pegged rhizoids.

9 dult gametophores earlier, and produced more rhizoids.

10 s and as intracellular coils but absent from rhizoids.

11 -caulonema transition and the development of rhizoids.

12 eloping leafy shoot axes (gametophores) into rhizoids.

13 gorous cytoplasmic streaming observed in the rhizoids.

14 significantly greater than that of SW-grown rhizoids.

15 increased the frequency of formation of two rhizoids.

16 hores arising from simple but well-developed rhizoids.

17 nicellular extensions, such as root hairs or rhizoids [6-9], or multicellular structures, such as ase

18 and vesicle trafficking during M. polymorpha rhizoid and Arabidopsis thaliana root hair growth.

19 Here we show that auxin promotes rhizoid and caulonema development by positively regulati

20 wn alga Fucus comprises two cell types, i.e. rhizoid and thallus which are morphogically and cytologi

21 ion of MpZOU1 increases production of pegged rhizoids and enhances drought tolerance.

22 In M. paleacea, AM fungi penetrate the rhizoids and form arbuscules in the thalli.(7) Here, we

23 growth on IAA leads to formation of multiple rhizoids and growth on NPA leads to formation of embryos

24 ation and programmed cell death in liverwort rhizoids and in the endosperm of flowering plant seed.

25 of novel marker lines, including markers for rhizoids and oil cells.

26 iverse as fungal hyphae, pollen tubes, algal rhizoids and root hairs is characterized by a highly loc

27 urface of embryophytes (land plants) such as rhizoids and root hairs.

28 orphological traits, including air chambers, rhizoids and specialized reproductive structures.

29 plants develop filamentous cells-root hairs, rhizoids, and caulonemata-at the interface with the soil

30 the development of longer, highly pigmented rhizoids, and increased biomass, define the phenotypic r

31 Root hairs and rhizoids are cells with rooting functions in land plants

32 avitropic curvature by growth and that these rhizoids are impaired in the early stages of gravitropis

33 Young rhizoids are negatively phototropic, and NPA also inhibi

34 This latter result suggests that APW rhizoids are not limited in their ability for gravitropi

35 protocorm attached to the substrate by basal rhizoids; arising from the upper surface are one to seve

36 ential for growth and differentiation of the rhizoid, as well as for the proper positioning of the fi

37 leads to formation of embryos with branched rhizoids, at concentrations that are active in auxin acc

38 mycorrhizal symbionts were diverse in simple rhizoid-based systems.

39 ts, affected rhizoid formation by increasing rhizoid branching and inducing ectopic rhizoids.

40 Rhizoid break-off at the lower epidermal surface left ri

41 os normally develop with a single unbranched rhizoid, but growth on IAA leads to formation of multipl

42 sly shown to be responsible for induction of rhizoid cell differentiation, are deposited simultaneous

43 sence of lateral inhibition, two-dimensional rhizoid cell groups (clusters) form.

44 The distribution of rhizoid cells can be accounted for within a simple cellu

45 Tip-growing rhizoid cells develop among flat epidermal cells in the

46 We show that the majority of rhizoid cells develop individually, but some develop in

47 hermore, two-dimensional clusters of up to 9 rhizoid cells developed in the Mpfrh1(lof) mutants compa

48 e capacity to re-differentiate or regenerate rhizoid cells in response to ablation of neighbouring ce

49 mensional groups (chains) of between 2 and 7 rhizoid cells in wild-type plants.

50 ed in growing tissues, namely caulonemal and rhizoid cells.

51 oliths of diagnostic structures (e.g. pegged rhizoids) could help track bryophyte clades or water con

52 Two-dimensional clusters of rhizoids develop in Mpfrh1(lof) mutants as predicted by

53 In contrast to A. thaliana, auxin promotes rhizoid development by positively regulating PpRSL1 and

54 RSL2 transcription factors are necessary for rhizoid development in mosses.

55 ) of the angiosperm Arabidopsis thaliana and rhizoid development in the gametophytes (n) of the bryop

56 of AtLRL3 in A. thaliana, LRL genes promote rhizoid development independently of PpROOT HAIR DEFECTI

57 By contrast, pegged rhizoid development was not affected by disruption of Mp

58 s as a general growth regulator required for rhizoid development, a function that has been partially

59 The range of Marchantia rhizoid diameters overlapped that of Cosmochlaina pores.

60 f PpRSL1 and PpRSL2 is sufficient to promote rhizoid differentiation during wild-type P. patens devel

61 Here, we show that pegged rhizoid differentiation in Marchantia polymorpha is cont

62 M. polymorpha rhizoid differentiation is positively regulated by the R

63 The rhizoid emerged at the site of the F-actin ring and, fol

64 Our results support that pegged rhizoids evolved independently of other WCCs.

65 erence-contrast microscopy demonstrated that rhizoids form SW-grown plants typically contain 50 to 60

66 ily of transporters in land plants, affected rhizoid formation by increasing rhizoid branching and in

67 lled D. dichotoma zygotes normally develop a rhizoid from one pole and a thallus meristem from the ot

68 from SW are more responsive to gravity than rhizoids from APW because (a) SW rhizoids were oriented

69 ontain 50 to 60 statoliths per cell, whereas rhizoids from APW-grown plants contain 5 to 10 statolith

70 Rhizoids from SW are more responsive to gravity than rhi

71 h after fertilization (AF), which is before rhizoid germination and cell division.

72 aded hemisphere that will become the site of rhizoid germination.

73 Here, we show that rhizoid growth in the early diverging plant, Marchantia

74 es were screened for mutants with defects in rhizoid growth, and a de novo genome assembly was genera

75 the identification of 33 genes required for rhizoid growth, of which 6 had not previously been funct

76 In contrast to higher plants, Chara rhizoids have single membrane-bound compartments that ap

77 ese functions are carried out by a system of rhizoids in early diverging groups of land plants, such

78 RSL proteins also control the development of rhizoids in mosses and root hairs in angiosperms [13, 14

79 tified genes that control the development of rhizoids in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha.

80 gen evolution along the stalk but not at the rhizoid, indicating that CA facilitates inorganic carbon

81 ressed in the specialized cells that develop rhizoids, indicating that cell-specific expression of Pp

82 e abnormal divisions occurred after abnormal rhizoid initiation and branching was observed.

83 s, including tropisms, apical dominance, and rhizoid initiation, which are subject to IAA regulation

84 oles of the spheroidal embryo developed into rhizoids instead.

85 It is also released from the rhizoids of liverworts, the earliest diverging lineage o

86 SE) activates nuclear calcium signals in the rhizoids of M. paleacea and that this activation is depe

87 Lower epidermal surface tissues, including rhizoids, of Marchantia polymorpha and Conocephalum coni

88 was restricted to one hemisphere of the egg, rhizoid outgrowth always occurred from that hemisphere.

89 polarization of both adhesive secretion and rhizoid outgrowth toward the sperm source.

90 ion of the rhizoid pole) and the position of rhizoid outgrowth.

91 ed, eventually becoming a ring just prior to rhizoid outgrowth.

92 egatively phototropic, and NPA also inhibits rhizoid phototropism.

93 -actin patches localized at the shaded pole (rhizoid pole of growth axis).

94 The F-actin patch repositioned to the new rhizoid pole within minutes of light reversal, indicatin

95 the first morphological manifestation of the rhizoid pole) and the position of rhizoid outgrowth.

96 , an F-actin patch, a cortical marker of the rhizoid pole, formed at the sperm entry site within minu

97 ocalize secondary adhesive deposition at the rhizoid pole; its function in polarization was more comp

98 ms, while the other one modulates gemmae and rhizoid production in the thallus.

99 Cell-sheet and rhizoid remains occurred separately or together dependin

100 Rhizoids, root hairs, and pollen tubes respond similarly

101 propose that xyloglucan released from plant rhizoids/roots is an effective soil particle aggregator

102 nts that lack MpRSL1 function do not develop rhizoids, slime papillae, mucilage papillae, or gemmae.

103 SL2 is sufficient for the development of the rhizoid system in the moss P. patens; constitutive expre

104 e was uniform with respect to the developing rhizoid-thallus axis during the formation of the axis, a

105 Unidirectional blue light directs the rhizoid-thallus axis in the apolar zygotes of Fucus and

106 Fucoid zygotes establish a rhizoid-thallus growth axis in response to environmental

107 ies with greater respiration at and near the rhizoid than along the stalk.

108 es control the development of root hairs and rhizoids, the regulation of this transcriptional network

109 al ring of actin filaments was seen near the rhizoid tip.

110 nd the wall often bifurcated and avoided the rhizoid tip.

111 dark in a gradient of the analog caused the rhizoids to tend to form on the low concentration side.

112 r trafficking, linking the feeding/attaching rhizoids to the reproductive zoosporangium, and constitu

113 ed programmed cell death process that pegged rhizoids undergo to terminate cellular differentiation a

114 atively disoriented, and (b) curvature of SW rhizoids was 3 to 4 times greater throughout the time co

115 The growth rate of APW rhizoids was significantly greater than that of SW-grown

116 Rhizoids were generated by germinating zygotes of Chara

117 ravity than rhizoids from APW because (a) SW rhizoids were oriented to gravity during vertical growth

118 gravity during vertical growth, whereas APW rhizoids were relatively disoriented, and (b) curvature

119 esulting in callus-like sporelings with many rhizoids, whereas pharmacologically inhibiting auxin syn