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1 the HIV-1 Pol mRNA requires a programmed -1 ribosomal frameshift.
2 enzyme were synthesized following an unusual ribosomal frameshift.
3 e product that is expressed by translational ribosomal frameshift.
4 covery of a novel HCV protein synthesized by ribosomal frameshift.
5 tion is strongly dependent upon a programmed ribosomal frameshift.
6 2 nucleotides capable of stimulating -1-type ribosomal frameshifts.
7 All four pseudoknots cause -1 programmed ribosomal frameshifting.
8 active TK (TK-low phenotype), evidently via ribosomal frameshifting.
9 cane yellow leaf virus (ScYLV) stimulates -1 ribosomal frameshifting.
10 structure are required for the programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting.
11 ading frames required for programmed -1 mRNA ribosomal frameshifting.
12 1) regulates the efficiency of programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting.
13 eing a truncated version of tau arising from ribosomal frameshifting.
14 nce of a novel structure that can facilitate ribosomal frameshifting.
15 oacyl synthetase recognition, and programmed ribosomal frameshifting.
16 requirements and mechanism of programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting.
17 promote significant levels of programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting.
18 rocess may also have an impact on programmed ribosomal frameshifting.
19 shifted registers reminiscent of programmed ribosomal frameshifting.
20 tidyltransferase center affect programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting.
21 l antiviral agents that target programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting.
22 y alter the efficiency of -1, but not of +1, ribosomal frameshifting.
23 As, depends on a process known as programmed ribosomal frameshifting.
24 leus, and significantly impairing programmed ribosomal frameshifting.
25 ng the idea of two distinct mechanisms of +1 ribosomal frameshifting.
26 tau and a truncated gamma that is created by ribosomal frameshifting.
27 PKs to decipher the mechanism of programmed ribosomal frameshifting.
28 protein can function as a transactivator of ribosomal frameshifting.
29 s mainly due to PA-X, which was expressed by ribosomal frameshifting.
30 d open reading frame ("X-ORF"), accessed via ribosomal frameshifting.
31 through, ribosome biogenesis, and programmed ribosomal frameshifting.
32 irus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) requires a programmed -1 ribosomal frameshift (-1 PRF) promoted by an RNA pseudok
33 investigate the structure of a -1 programmed ribosomal frameshift (-1 PRF) sequence element located i
34 e polycistronic messages where programmed -1 ribosomal frameshift (-1 PRF) signals direct ribosomes t
35 researchers identify potential programmed -1 ribosomal frameshift (-1 PRF) signals in eukaryotic gene
37 e a molecular mechanism called programmed -1 ribosomal frameshift (-1 PRF) to control the relative ex
38 d signals that are involved in programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting (-1 PRF) are typically two-stemm
39 determinants of stimulation of -1 programmed ribosomal frameshifting (-1 PRF) by RNA pseudoknots are
48 d related alphaviruses utilize programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting (-1 PRF) to synthesize the viral
50 oit one such mechanism, termed -1 programmed ribosomal frameshifting (-1 PRF), to engineer ligand-res
52 vious studies have identified operational -1 ribosomal frameshifting (-1 RF) signals in eukaryotic ge
58 express 0.09% of wild-type TK activity via a ribosomal frameshift 24 nucleotides upstream of the muta
59 g, and a Gag-Pol fusion protein made by a -1 ribosomal frameshift, a coding strategy used by many ret
62 on of full-length p43 relies on a programmed ribosomal frameshift, an extremely rare translational me
63 pe and increased efficiency of programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting and conferred paromomycin sensit
64 the genomic mRNA was critical for sufficient ribosomal frameshifting and EIAV replication, while conc
65 rts a trans-dominant effect on programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting and killer virus maintenance.
67 nsferase activity, stimulating programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting and promoting virus propagation
68 the molecular determinants of WNV-programmed ribosomal frameshifting and provide a foundation for the
69 er refine the relationship between efficient ribosomal frameshifting and pseudoknot structure and sta
70 oted increased efficiencies of programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting and rendered cells unable to mai
71 of the potential link between -1 programmed ribosomal frameshifting and response of a pseudoknot (PK
72 " model in which viruses use both programmed ribosomal frameshifting and translational attenuation to
73 CFTR transcript that stimulates efficient -1 ribosomal frameshifting and triggers the premature termi
74 not just unconventional initiation, but also ribosomal frameshifting and/or imperfect repeat DNA repl
76 domic analyses demonstrated the induction of ribosomal frameshifting, and the generation and presenta
77 domic analyses demonstrated the induction of ribosomal frameshifting, and the generation and presenta
79 molecular mechanisms governing programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting are almost identical from yeast
80 , reinitiation, selenocysteine insertion, or ribosomal frameshifting, are then represented as branchi
81 protein that is synthesized by translational ribosomal frameshift at codons 9 to 11 of the core prote
82 ope whose expression results from incidental ribosomal frameshifting at a sequence element within the
83 f functional antizyme requires programmed +1 ribosomal frameshifting at the 3' end of the first of tw
84 mutation that increased the efficiency of -1 ribosomal frameshifting at the L-A virus frameshift site
87 certain mRNA stem-loops stimulate programmed ribosomal frameshift by inhibiting translation elongatio
88 ions in Euplotes ciliates ultimately specify ribosomal frameshifting by one or two nucleotides depend
89 he molecular mechanisms governing programmed ribosomal frameshifting by using two viruses of the yeas
92 in testing the hypothesis that programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting can be used to control cellular
93 he basis of studies using cell-free systems, ribosomal frameshifting can explain this ability to expr
95 identification of novel frameshift proteins, ribosomal frameshifting, coding sequence detection and t
96 of translational recoding events (programmed ribosomal frameshifting, codon redefinition and translat
100 t killer virus phenotype, suggesting that -1 ribosomal frameshifting does not occur after the peptidy
101 there is an unusually high level, 15%, of +1 ribosomal frameshifting due to features of the nascent p
103 pe 1 (HIV-1) has an absolute requirement for ribosomal frameshifting during protein translation in or
105 It is generally believed that significant ribosomal frameshifting during translation does not occu
106 ved mechanism to influence the efficiency of ribosomal frameshifting during translation of viral RNA,
108 tidyl-transfer reaction affect programmed -1 ribosomal frameshift efficiencies and interfere with vir
109 hree- to fourfold increases in programmed -1 ribosomal frameshift efficiencies and loss of the M1 kil
110 viral particle morphogenesis, and changes in ribosomal frameshift efficiencies can severely inhibit v
112 t signals, promoting increased programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting efficiencies and subsequent loss
113 e inhibitors, anisomycin and sparsomycin, on ribosomal frameshifting efficiencies and the propagation
114 otic paromomycin and increased programmed -1 ribosomal frameshift efficiency resulting in loss of the
115 iral mRNA transcription, as well as impaired ribosomal frameshifting efficiency, are critical factors
116 0 significantly reduced the HIV-1 programmed ribosomal frameshifting efficiency, resulting in a shift
121 d of the gag gene performing a programmed -1 ribosomal frameshift event to enter the overlapping pol
122 in of Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) requires a -1 ribosomal frameshifting event at the overlap region of t
123 lyses of alphavirus genomes suggested that a ribosomal frameshifting event occurs during translation
124 e RNA sequence that directs a programmed, +1 ribosomal frameshifting event required for Gag-Pol trans
125 t al. describe a novel, antibiotic-dependent ribosomal frameshifting event that activates translation
126 pected degree of mechanistic diversity among ribosomal frameshifting events and suggest that frameshi
130 West Nile virus (WNV) requires programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting for translation of the viral gen
131 ation depends upon a polyamine-stimulated +1 ribosomal frameshift, forming a complex negative feedbac
132 that a specific conformation is required for ribosomal frameshifting, further implying a specific int
133 li an autoregulatory mechanism of programmed ribosomal frameshifting governs the level of polypeptide
135 ghly accurate, a number of cases of directed ribosomal frameshifting have been reported in RNA viruse
136 nals are associated with sites of programmed ribosomal frameshifting, hopping, termination codon supp
137 synthesized as a fusion protein through a -1 ribosomal frameshift in a region where gag and pol open
141 ecific mRNA elements required for sufficient ribosomal frameshifting in equine anemia infectious viru
142 ation, specifically inhibits Ty1-directed +1 ribosomal frameshifting in intact yeast cells and in an
143 that provide one of the signals required for ribosomal frameshifting in mouse mammary tumor virus hav
144 h is a mutant of the pseudoknot required for ribosomal frameshifting in mouse mammary tumor virus, ha
146 inery, and ribosome may dynamically modulate ribosomal frameshifting in order to tune the processivit
147 fluenza virus virulence protein generated by ribosomal frameshifting in segment 3 of influenza virus
148 e cis-acting elements that promote efficient ribosomal frameshifting in the -1 (5') direction have be
149 research article describing the discovery of ribosomal frameshifting in the bacterial CopA gene also
151 -methylpseudouridine into mRNA results in +1 ribosomal frameshifting in vitro and that cellular immun
153 these drugs also change the efficiency of -1 ribosomal frameshifting in yeast and mammalian in vitro
154 uenza viral RNA panhandle duplex and HIV-1-1 ribosomal frameshift-inducing RNA hairpin, but not ssRNA
156 the HCV type 1 frameshift signal facilitate ribosomal frameshifts into both overlapping reading fram
164 totiviruses, the efficiency of programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting is critical for ensuring the pro
167 y support the mechanistic hypothesis that -1 ribosomal frameshifting is enhanced by torsional resista
169 e slippery sequence and stem-loop to promote ribosomal frameshifting is influenced by the flanking up
173 iae double-stranded RNA virus, programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting is responsible for translation o
180 shift/slippage site, which is important for ribosomal frameshifting, is shown here to limit reverse
181 emonstrated that an evolutionarily conserved ribosomal frameshifting mechanism is used by simarterivi
187 ed exclusively as a Gag-Pol fusion either by ribosomal frameshifting or by read-through of the gag st
188 pathogenic RNA viruses and retroviruses use ribosomal frameshifting or stop codon readthrough to reg
189 unclear, a novel viral protein expressed by ribosomal frameshifting, PA-X, was found to play a major
190 ing mRNA elements that promote programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting present a natural target for the
195 dictated by the frequency of a -1 programmed ribosomal frameshifting (PRF) event occurring in gag-pol
196 dictated by the frequency of a -1 programmed ribosomal frameshifting (PRF) event that occurs in gag-p
197 Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) employ programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting (PRF) for their protein expressi
204 Translational control through programmed ribosomal frameshifting (PRF) is exploited widely by vir
205 ntification of reads flanking the programmed ribosomal frameshifting (PRF) signal at the genomic RNA
206 nse and activating a unique -2/-1 programmed ribosomal frameshifting (PRF) signal for the expression
207 show that CHIKV capsid modulates programmed ribosomal frameshifting (PRF) within the 6K/Transframe (
209 biochemical mechanisms, including programmed ribosomal frameshifting (PRF), which facilitates the pro
211 o predict the occurrence of these programmed ribosomal frameshifts (PRF), and they are currently only
214 putative feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) ribosomal frameshifting pseudoknot (PK) has been investi
215 tected as an increased rate of -1 programmed ribosomal frameshift read-through in a dual-luciferase a
218 s on killer virus maintenance, programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting, resistance/hypersensitivity to
219 LRV presumably expresses its polymerase by a ribosomal frameshift, resulting in a capsid-polymerase f
221 Using dual-tag systems, we showed that a ribosomal frameshift (RFS) can compensate the lack of G7
222 rved RNA elements located at the 5' end, the ribosomal frameshift segment and the 3'-untranslated reg
225 this study, we examined whether the Gag-Pol ribosomal frameshift signal is important for HIV-1 RNA p
226 Pol is supplied in trans, none of the tested ribosomal frameshift signal mutants has defects in RNA p
227 reported that a region including the Gag-Pol ribosomal frameshift signal plays an important role in H
229 nt a novel 'cellular class' of programmed -1 ribosomal frameshift signal, but rather are similar to v
236 ts demonstrated that consensus programmed -1 ribosomal frameshift signals can be identified in a subs
238 iseases would disrupt putative programmed -1 ribosomal frameshift signals, suggesting that the frames
241 ere, we experimentally compared all known +1 ribosomal frameshifting sites in S. cerevisiae, includin
243 segmented genomes and viruses utilizing dual ribosomal frameshifting that we validate experimentally.
244 frames, the over-reading of stop codons via ribosomal frameshifting, the existence of an antizyme an
245 The SPEAR element enhances viral programmed ribosomal frameshifting, thereby expanding its functiona
247 many retroviruses, utilizes a -1 programmed ribosomal frameshift to generate viral enzymes in the fo
249 randed RNA virus, which uses a programmed -1 ribosomal frameshift to produce its Gag-Pol fusion prote
251 A1 undergo highly efficient +1/-2 programmed ribosomal frameshifting to generate previously undescrib
252 mechanisms such as alternative splicing and ribosomal frameshifting to produce multiple distinct pro
253 Many pathogenic viruses use programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting to regulate translation of their
254 isiae killer virus system uses programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting to synthesize its gene products.
255 part of its life cycle, termed programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting, to produce the required ratio o
256 e codons and/or the process of programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting used by viruses to control their
257 distribution of recoding with a focus on the ribosomal frameshifting used for gene expression in bact
259 h whether thymidine kinase synthesized via a ribosomal frameshift was sufficient for reactivation und
260 doknots in controlling the extent of -1-type ribosomal frameshifting, we determined the crystal struc
261 th sequences that trigger genuine programmed ribosomal frameshifting; we have experimentally confirme
262 ally mimic these RNA structures to induce +1 ribosomal frameshifting when annealed downstream of the
263 roduced from one gene, dnaX, by a programmed ribosomal frameshift which generates the C terminal of g
264 g-Pol polyproteins, by using a programmed -1 ribosomal frameshift which requires a slippery sequence
265 n immunodeficiency virus (HIV) requires a -1 ribosomal frameshift, which is directed by a highly cons
266 te tRNA slippage is the driving force for +1 ribosomal frameshifting while the presence of a 'hungry