ライフサイエンスコーパス: septin

1 actin as controlled by Cofilin, Anillin, and Septin.

2 terface mutant as the sole source of a given septin.

3 skeletal components, including the four core septins.

4 the molecular basis of curvature sensing by septins.

5 ng a latent "holdase" activity toward mutant septins.

6 sites drive curvature-specific adsorption of septins.

7 he results demonstrate a stimulatory role of septin-2 and the dynamic reorganization of septin oligom

8 Partial depletion of septin-2 by siRNA or impairment of septin dynamics by fo

9 ith tandem MS and immunoblot analyses of the septin-2 interactome in mouse brain, we identified not o

10 Cleavage of Septin-2 occurred at residue 306 and forced expression o

11 306 and forced expression of a non-cleavable Septin-2 restored cytokinesis, suggesting a direct mecha

12 Among binding partners, NS2B-NS3 cleaved Septin-2, a cytoskeletal factor involved in cytokinesis.

13 to the SNARE complex, did not interact with septin-2, indicating that septins undergo reorganization

14 ural and thermodynamic properties of a human septin 3 construct, SEPT3-GC, which contains both of bot

15 Septin 4 does not colocalize preferentially with ORAI1 i

16 uper-resolution imaging of ORAI1, STIM1, and septin 4 in living cells that septins facilitate Ca(2+)

17 Mechanistically, we find that septin 7 interacts with the SNARE protein syntaxin 11 an

18 We show that septin 9 (SEPT9) depletion, which abrogates abscission,

19 Septin 9 (SEPT9) interacts directly with actin filaments

20 The cytoskeletal interacting protein Septin 9 (SEPT9), a member of the septin gene family, ha

21 between KIF17, a kinesin 2 family motor, and septin 9 (SEPT9).

22 cribes potential candidate epidrivers (e.g., septin 9 and ephrin B2).

23 In this issue, Bridges et al. discover that septins, a component of the cytoskeleton, recognize memb

24 aries as cells stretch into damaged regions, septins accumulate at the wound margin, and intermediate

25 -to-double-ring transition in budding yeast, septins acquire a "zonal architecture" in which paired s

26 ce homodimerization by a GTPase-active human septin also creates hexamers that exclude Cdc10-like cen

27 Septins also promote asymmetry by regulating the spatial

28 t report of an arginine finger observed in a septin and suggests that CrSEPT may act as its own GTP-a

29 the first evidence of an interaction between septins and a nonmitotic kinesin and suggest that SEPT9

30 Gef3 physically interacts with septins and anillin Mid2 and depends on them to localize

31 ing filamentous actin (F-actin), myosin, and septins and in forming the subsequent midbody ring.

32 tional appressoria and does not organize the septins and polarity determinants that are required for

33 Here we discuss the links between septins and polarized growth and consider molecular mode

34 s until after bud emergence, suggesting that septins and/or Hsl7 respond to a "bud sensor." Here we s

35 ical or aging-associated diminishment of the septin/anillin-scaffold causes myelin outfoldings that i

36 ccepted during this process, the function of septins, another cytoskeletal component that associates

37 ssential roles of a RhoGEF-anillin module in septin architectural remodeling during cytokinesis at th

38 y illustrates how a protein kinase regulates septin architecture at the filament level and suggests t

39 How septin architecture is remodeled from an hourglass to a

40 Structural studies revealed various septin architectures, but questions concerning assembly-

41 Septins are a family of 14 cytoskeletal proteins that dy

42 Septins are a highly conserved family of proteins in euk

43 Septins are a protein family found in all eukaryotes (ex

44 Septins are a unique family of GTPases, which were disco

45 We report here that fungal and human septins are able to distinguish between different degree

46 How septins are assembled into a highly ordered hourglass st

47 Septins are conserved GTP-binding cytoskeletal proteins

48 Septins are cytoskeletal filaments that assemble at the

49 Septins are cytoskeletal proteins that assemble into non

50 Human septins are encoded by 13 different genes and are classi

51 Septins are filament-forming GTP-binding proteins involv

52 Septins are filament-forming proteins that serve as sign

53 Septins are filament-forming, GTP-binding proteins that

54 Septins are GTP-binding proteins involved in diverse cel

55 Septins are GTP-binding proteins that form filaments and

56 Septins are GTP-binding proteins that self-assemble into

57 Septins are implicated in microtubule-dependent transpor

58 Septins are increasingly recognized as novel cytoskeleta

59 Thirteen different human septins are known to form heterogeneous complexes or hom

60 Septins are known to localize in a series of structures

61 Septins are membrane- and microtubule-binding proteins t

62 When RGS activity is abrogated, septins are partially disorganized.

63 perresolution imaging, we show that Hof1 and septins are patterned at the bud neck into evenly spaced

64 Septins are well known to form a boundary between mother

65 Septins assemble into filamentous nonpolar polymers, whi

66 a membranes and depletion of VLCFAs prevents septin assembly and host penetration by M. oryzae.

67 pairing is a highly regulated process during septin assembly and remodeling in vivo.

68 The cells have abnormal septa, unstable septin assembly during cytokinesis, and prolonged exocyt

69 Moreover, we find septin assembly onto curved membranes is cooperative and

70 ropose that guanidinium reactivates a latent septin assembly pathway that was suppressed during funga

71 findings explain how GTP hydrolysis controls septin assembly, and uncover mechanisms by which cells c

72 (ANLN) from oligodendrocytes disrupts myelin septin assembly, thereby causing the emergence of pathol

73 show that different regions of Gps1 and the septin-associated kinase Gin4 are involved in maintainin

74 ed of two tandem, semiredundant but distinct septin-associating elements, is necessary and sufficient

75 een shown by other means to bind directly to septins at the bud neck in vivo, we validate that the tr

76 se results suggest that Hof1, while bound to septins at the bud neck, not only regulates Bnr1 activit

77 Hsl1 responsible for its localization to the septins at the bud neck.

78 Here we show that Gef3 colocalizes with septins at the cell equator.

79 e report in vitro tools to examine how yeast septins behave on curved and deformable membranes.

80 Septins belong to a family of polymerizing GTP-binding p

81 affinity for the C-terminal domains of human septins belonging to the SEPT6 and SEPT7 groups (SEPT6C/

82 UMOylation sites to the C-terminal domain of septins belonging to the SEPT6 and SEPT7 groups and to t

83 septin ring depends on a combination of two septin-binding kinases: Hsl1 and Elm1.

84 to analyze the biophysical properties of the septin-binding protein Bni5 and how its association with

85 and the functionality of its substrate, the septin-binding protein Bni5.

86 the SEPT6 and SEPT7 groups leads to aberrant septin bundle formation and defects in cytokinesis after

87 tion of septin-GFP molecules incorporated in septin bundles in growing hyphae of a filamentous fungus

88 The septin C-termini face, namely the C-terminal extension o

89 death that are associated with dysregulated septin cage-like formation, impaired autophagic p62/LC3

90 Septins can self-assemble into heterocomplexes, which po

91 Filamentous septins can specify cytoskeletal rearrangements and have

92 Strikingly, extra copies of septin CDC10 rescue sporulation and LEP localization in

93 t Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the five mitotic septins (Cdc3, Cdc10, Cdc11, Cdc12, and Shs1) localize t

94 crotubule-membrane interaction, depending on septins, Cdc42, Borgs, and restructuring of the actin cy

95 t physically with any of the subunits in the septin collar and, if so, with which ones.

96 4, a protein kinase previously implicated in septin collar assembly.

97 ions in a dynamic cytoskeletal structure-the septin collar at the yeast bud neck.

98 which localizes to the bud neck only if the septin collar has been correctly formed.

99 1-950, efficient localization of Hsl1 to the septin collar in the cell obligatorily requires generali

100 At protrusion sites, septins colocalize with the GTPase Cdc42 (cell division

101 Thus septins communicate with STIM1 and ORAI1 through protein

102 ur data support that Gef3 interacts with the septin complex and activates Rho4 GTPase as a Rho GEF fo

103 We reconstituted a recombinant Drosophila septin complex and compared activities of the wild-type

104 recognition complex (ORC), directly binds to septin complex and facilitates septin filament formation

105 vide a functional dissection of a Drosophila septin complex and highlight the basic conserved and div

106 We show that Drosophila septin complex functions depend on the intact GTP-bindin

107 tivities of the wild-type and several mutant septin complex variants both in vitro and in vivo.

108 Septin complexes display remarkable plasticity in subuni

109 h to sense curvature, as we find that single-septin complexes have curvature-dependent association ra

110 ited our previous work in which we generated septin complexes in which all endogenous cysteine (Cys)

111 specific meiotic and mitotic subunits endow septin complexes with functionally distinct properties.

112 mechanisms by which cells construct defined septin complexes.

113 served and divergent features among metazoan septin complexes.

114 rst four crystal structures of heterodimeric septin complexes.

115 Septins comprise a conserved family of guanine nucleotid

116 Septins comprise a family of proteins involved in a vari

117 In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, five septins comprise two species of hetero-octamers, Cdc11/S

118 growth and consider molecular models for how septins contribute to cellular asymmetry in fungi.

119 Interestingly, septins copurify and accumulate near the polarized lytic

120 However, whether human septins could be modified by small ubiquitin-like modifi

121 e, we reconstitute and measure the intrinsic septin curvature preference.

122 tance using Ca(2+) chelator and inhibitor of septin cytomatrix in morphologically diverse synapses.

123 Targeting of the septin cytoskeleton as a potential future therapeutic in

124 Swe1 is localized to the septin cytoskeleton at the bud neck by the Swe1-binding

125 The septin cytoskeleton exhibits a number of critical cellul

126 Combined, our results suggest that the septin cytoskeleton forms a diffusive barrier around nas

127 ingly, little is known about the role of the septin cytoskeleton in inflammation.

128 letion or pharmacologic stabilization of the septin cytoskeleton significantly inhibited NK cell cyto

129 recognition is a fundamental property of the septin cytoskeleton that provides the cell with a mechan

130 In characterizing T cells lacking the septin cytoskeleton, we found that successful cell divis

131 en membranes and the actin, microtubule, and septin cytoskeletons, these studies highlight the membra

132 Septin-deficient T cells failed to complete cytokinesis

133 d that successful cell division has discrete septin-dependent and septin-independent pathways.

134 xocyst complex at the appressorium pore is a septin-dependent process, which also requires regulated

135 for the organization of microtubules and for septin-dependent remodeling of the F-actin cytoskeleton

136 Appressorium-mediated infection requires septin-dependent reorientation of the F-actin cytoskelet

137 his second checkpoint specifically regulates septin-dependent, NADPH oxidase-regulated F-actin dynami

138 Septin depletion and overexpression down-regulates and e

139 at pre-patterns two cytokinetic structures-a septin double ring and an actomyosin ring-and also defin

140 The septin double ring demarcates the sites of ESCRT-III ass

141 letion of septin-2 by siRNA or impairment of septin dynamics by forchlorfenuron inhibited constitutiv

142 re of MT plus ends at intracellular sites of septin enrichment.

143 I1, STIM1, and septin 4 in living cells that septins facilitate Ca(2+) signalling indirectly.

144 egulation of SEPT9 or chemical inhibition of septin filament assembly impairs recruitment of MMP3 to

145 modeling which allowed us to determine that septin filament assembly was a diffusion-driven process,

146 emonstrate a pivotal role for SUMOylation in septin filament bundling and cell division.

147 ctly binds to septin complex and facilitates septin filament formation.

148 The assembly of a septin filament requires that homologous monomers must d

149 s coordinated process is crucial for correct septin filamentation and efficient growth of polarised c

150 ng protein Bni5 and how its association with septin filaments affects their organization.

151 vestigating whether functional homopolymeric septin filaments also exist.

152 ts the known spacing between the subunits in septin filaments and thus serves as a "molecular ruler."

153 , is necessary and sufficient for binding to septin filaments both in vitro and in vivo.

154 polymers to stay associated with membranes, septin filaments do not have to span micrometers in leng

155 G2/M transition unless and until a collar of septin filaments has properly assembled at the bud neck,

156 Although the stabilization of septin filaments impaired conjugate formation, depletion

157 Previously we identified the assembly of septin filaments in the innermost non-compacted myelin l

158 roach also was used to follow the binding to septin filaments of a septin-interacting protein, the ty

159 re associated to preferential arrangement of septin filaments on specific curvatures.

160 nd negative micrometric radii of curvatures, septin filaments remain straight and perpendicular to th

161 e suggest that anillin-dependent assembly of septin filaments scaffolds mature myelin sheaths, facili

162 quire a "zonal architecture" in which paired septin filaments that are organized along the mother-bud

163 The model captures the reorganizations of septin filaments throughout cytokinesis in vivo, providi

164 Septin filaments thus serve an important function in sca

165 rpart, a G interface mutant is excluded from septin filaments, even at moderate temperatures.

166 d axis associate with circumferential single septin filaments, the Rho guanine-nucleotide-exchange fa

167 metry influences higher-order arrangement of septin filaments.

168 report that, after cleavage furrow closure, septins form a membrane-bound double ring that controls

169 Although septins form a ring at the presumptive bud site before b

170 Septins form higher-order structures on fungal plasma me

171 Septins form linear, palindromic heteromeric complexes t

172 Septins form rod-shaped hetero-oligomeric complexes that

173 This makes the single septin from Chlamydomonas (CrSEPT) a particularly attrac

174 In this study, we first show that septins from all four human septin groups can be covalen

175 SEPT7 groups and to the N-terminal domain of septins from the SEPT3 group.

176 ulate, which predicts the exchangeability of septins from within a subgroup.

177 We conclude by outlining principles of septin function as a module of symmetry breaking, which

178 methods for image analysis, we investigated septin function during pheromone-dependent chemotropic g

179 covered that guanidine hydrochloride rescues septin function in cdc10 mutants by promoting assembly o

180 and what roles this modification may have in septin function remains unknown.

181 These results reveal that septins function in the ESCRT-I-ESCRT-II-CHMP6 pathway o

182 le structurally a cytoskeleton-like element, septins function predominantly as spatial regulators of

183 These findings point to key septin functions in directing efficient membrane and cel

184 Mutations that perturb the septin G interface retard release from these chaperones,

185 ng protein Septin 9 (SEPT9), a member of the septin gene family, has been proposed to have oncogenic

186 Here, we demonstrate that a conserved septin gene SEP4 plays crucial roles in this process.

187 The number of septin genes varies among organisms, and although their

188 we analyzed the position and orientation of septin-GFP molecules incorporated in septin bundles in g

189 Our data indicate that septin-GFP molecules undergo positional fluctuations wit

190 Folate-dependent methylation of septins governs ciliogenesis during neural tube closure.

191 first show that septins from all four human septin groups can be covalently modified by SUMOs.

192 Here, we show that the filamentous septin GTPases associate preferentially with maturing ma

193 We found that the organization of septin GTPases, which are essential for appressorium-med

194 pansion in vivo and thus show that targeting septins has strong potential to moderate detrimental bys

195 Cytoskeletal proteins anillin and septin have been found to be responsible for initiating

196 Septins have been localized to the cell cortex at the ba

197 th anniversary perspective, we highlight how septins have conserved and adapted their roles as effect

198 These filaments are assembled from apolar septin hetero-octamers.

199 ay produces the two species of budding yeast septin hetero-octamers: Cdc11/Shs1-Cdc12-Cdc3-Cdc10-Cdc1

200 interface") cause thermoinstability of yeast septin hetero-oligomer assembly, and human disease.

201 G interface mutants, operates during de novo septin hetero-oligomer assembly, and requires specific c

202 ently, even for the best characterized human septin heterocomplex (SEPT2/SEPT6/SEPT7), the role of C-

203 mics with SEPT2/6/7, the minimal subunits of septin heteromers, shows that SEPT2/6/7 has a biphasic c

204 However, the architecture of septin higher-order assemblies and their control mechani

205 t [16, 17], specifically associates with the septin hourglass during the cell cycle and controls hour

206 Hsl1 reportedly interacts with particular septins; however, the precise molecular determinants in

207 of macropinosomes/endosomes is abrogated by septin immunodepletion and function-blocking antibodies

208 re required for the retention of anillin and septin in the anterior pole, which are cytokinesis prote

209 Even the septins in eukaryotes and the cytoskeletal polymers of p

210 dings correlates with a loss of cytoskeletal septins in myelin.

211 ether, our data identify a critical role for septins in regulating the release of lytic granule conte

212 ing antibodies and is induced by recombinant septins in the absence of cytosol and polymerized actin.

213 iews emerging evidence implicating different septins in the regulation of host-pathogen interactions,

214 f1 bundles actin filaments and links them to septins in vitro.

215 of incorporation of Cdc11 vs Shs1, but many septins, including Cdc3, lack GTPase activity.

216 This septin-independent pathway was mediated by phosphatidyli

217 l division has discrete septin-dependent and septin-independent pathways.

218 ce septin recruitment and alternatively, how septins influence plasma membrane properties.

219 The septin inhibitor forchlorfenuron or knockdown of septins

220 in inhibitor forchlorfenuron or knockdown of septins inhibits protrusion formation.

221 follow the binding to septin filaments of a septin-interacting protein, the type II myosin-binding p

222 Septin is a molecular determinant of the differences in

223 complex that contains both meiosis-specific septins is a linear Spr28-Spr3-Cdc3-Cdc10-Cdc10-Cdc3-Spr

224 that encompasses the GTP-binding pocket of a septin (its "G interface") cause thermoinstability of ye

225 Septin knockdown results in large clusters of docked mac

226 roteins and may help explain the etiology of septin-linked human diseases.

227 Despite the importance of septins, little is known about what features of the plas

228 ion of the LEP protein Ssp1 perturbs mitotic septin localization and function, suggesting a functiona

229 Depending on the context, septins may act alone or in concert with other cytoskele

230 We conclude that septin-mediated assembly of the exocyst is necessary for

231 Our findings reveal a mechanism underlying septin-mediated infection structure formation in fungi a

232 tion required for conidial morphogenesis and septin-mediated plant infection.

233 is applied as an enormous invasive force by septin-mediated reorganization of the cytoskeleton and a

234 kinetic delay on the availability of nascent septin molecules for higher-order assembly.

235 Although septins must form polymers to stay associated with membr

236 rt that directed PSM extension fails in many septin-mutant cells, and, for those that do succeed, wal

237 Septin mutants mislocalize the leading-edge protein (LEP

238 ies noted only mild sporulation defects upon septin mutation.

239 Pairing is mediated by the septin N-termini face, and may occur symmetrically or st

240 cer cell motility that coordinates actin and septin networks and describes a unique role for SEPT9 in

241 f septin-2 and the dynamic reorganization of septin oligomers in exocytosis.

242 These data show that curvature sensing by septins operates at much smaller length scales than the

243 ke kinase Elm1, which has been implicated in septin organization [14], cell morphogenesis [15], and m

244 ty acids (VLCFAs), which act as mediators of septin organization at membrane interfaces.

245 This revised septin organization is congruent with the organization a

246 However, based on this septin organization, octamers and hexamers would not be

247 nce was important for the recruitment of the septin Peanut and distribution of Diaphanous and F-actin

248 direct bridging role for Orc6 in stimulating septin polymerization in Drosophila.

249 To develop a facile method to study septin polymerization in vitro, we exploited our previou

250 Pases), which act as up-stream regulators of septin polymerization.

251 oduction and proper assembly of Sep4, a core septin protein and virulence determinant, to initiate in

252 Septin proteins bind guanine nucleotides and form rod-sh

253 Septin proteins evolved from ancestral GTPases and co-as

254 Septin proteins form hetero-oligomers that associate wit

255 s impaired conjugate formation, depletion of septin proteins had no impact on conjugate formation, ly

256 The highly conserved family of septin proteins has important functions in cytokinesis i

257 The degree to which septins react to and/or induce changes in shape and lipi

258 at features of the plasma membrane influence septin recruitment and alternatively, how septins influe

259 VLCFAs promote septin recruitment to curved plasma membranes and deplet

260 Thus, septins regulate fluid-phase cargo traffic to lysosomes

261 hrough interaction with STIM proteins, while septins regulate the number of ER-PM junctions and enhan

262 Here, we show that the septin regulator Cdc42EP5 is consistently required for a

263 Septins reshape the membranes of Giant Unilamellar Vesic

264 How septin ring assembly is coordinated with membrane remode

265 We propose that Rho1 and Pkc1 coordinate septin ring assembly with membrane and cell wall remodel

266 1, which colocalizes asymmetrically with the septin ring at the bud neck.

267 Here we show that recruitment of Hsl7 to the septin ring depends on a combination of two septin-bindi

268 Here, we uncover that the septin ring in fact translocates to previously utilized

269 nd its effector protein kinase C (Pkc1) with septin ring stability in yeast.

270 Activation of ERSU causes the septin ring to mislocalize, which blocks ER inheritance

271 Furthermore, septin ring translocation relies on the recruitment and

272 Both Rho1 and Pkc1 stabilize the septin ring, at least partly through phosphorylation of

273 by affecting the rigidity of the new-forming septin ring.

274 of those domains suffices to recruit Hsl7 to septin rings even in unbudded cells.

275 1, which alters the curvature of filamentous septin rings.

276 Septin scaffolds and barriers have provided a long-stand

277 Here, we show that septins (SEPT) are essential for CDT-induced protrusion

278 4,5)-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2)-levels, myelin septins (SEPT2/SEPT4/SEPT7/SEPT8) and the PI(4,5)P2-adap

279 Of all septins, SEPT9 holds the strongest link to cancer, espec

280 We show, first, that for septin-septin interactions, this method yields a robust

281 f both interfaces (G and NC) responsible for septin-septin interactions.

282 Septins (SEPTs) are filamentous guanosine-5'-triphosphat

283 The finger is conserved in all algal septin sequences, suggesting a possible correlation betw

284 in contractility through changes in RhoA and septin signaling.

285 We show further that the septin structure surrounds the polar cap, ensuring that

286 circumstances, the polar cap travels toward septin structures and away from sites of exocytosis, res

287 that control the arrangement and dynamics of septin structures.

288 g meiosis Spr3 and Spr28 replace the mitotic septin subunits Cdc12 and Cdc11 (and Shs1), respectively

289 Failure to transfer all septin subunits to CRMs delays the cell's ability to re-

290 with the organization and behavior of yeast septins suggesting that their properties are more conser

291 ve been characterized as having misregulated septins, suggesting that their functions are relevant to

292 Cells choose from a variety of available septins to assemble distinct hetero-oligomers, but the u

293 nformational change, have been repurposed in septins to play a fundamental role in molecular recognit

294 ce studies revealed high-affinity binding of septins to the microtubule plus-end tracking protein EB1

295 s to specific defects in mRNA, ribosome, and septin transport without affecting general functions of

296 not interact with septin-2, indicating that septins undergo reorganization during each exocytosis cy

297 bud emergence, Hsl7 is not recruited to the septins until after bud emergence, suggesting that septi

298 onstrate that expression of non-SUMOylatable septin variants from the SEPT6 and SEPT7 groups leads to

299 In yeast, septins were among the first proteins reported to be mod

300 contrast, cell division was not dependent on septins when cell-cell contacts, such as those with anti