ライフサイエンスコーパス: shoal

1 stoff) that elicits fear in members of their shoal.

2 it significantly decreased their tendency to shoal.

3 ny scales, from bacteria to insects, to fish shoals.

4 ransition from overdispersed groups to tight shoals.

5 -living solitary wave of depression over the shoals.

6 ur, including group decision-making, in fish shoals.

7 wimming stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) shoals.

8 ols are faster and less dense than zebrafish shoals.

9 mixing, especially if males encounter mixed shoals.

10 of time zebrafish groups spend schooling or shoaling.

11 he individual selective advantages gained by shoaling.

12 that reduced the 2-dimensional area of their shoals 15-fold compared with water-only controls.

13 core of the North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) shoaled(2).

14 ymetry and upwelling resulted in mixed-layer shoaling above the depth of minimum annual irradiance do

15 ree-dimensional structure of Antarctic krill shoals acoustically.

16 e likely to benefit from the protection of a shoal and will improve their survival chances as a resul

17 most rapidly when North Atlantic Deep Water shoaled and stratification in the Southern Ocean was red

18 grove trees on backreefs provide habitat for shoaling and adult reef fishes in addition to serving as

19 ent evidence that behavioural traits such as shoaling and mate choice can promote population mixing i

20 H(+) axons, as well as permanent deficits in shoaling and reproductive behavior.

21 e motion corresponding to the definitions of shoaling and schooling.

22 ystems around the unpopulated French Frigate Shoals and along the relatively lightly populated Kona C

23 ip in large, swarm-like groups, such as fish shoals and bird flocks.

24 bserved in bird flocks and perhaps also fish shoals and highly aligned mammal aggregations, such as m

25 t zebrafish in either wild-type or knock-out shoals and tested different components of social behavio

26 tive behavior: birds flock, bees swarm, fish shoal, and ungulates herd.

27 roups in the wild, such as bird flocks, fish shoals, and locust swarms.

28 sea surface, many anchovies in the targeted shoal appeared to lose orientation and flowed passively

29 Tunas that will be most impacted by shoaling are Pacific and southern bluefin tunas-habitat

30 o an ephemeral food source do so faster when shoals are in a disordered, swarm-like state.

31 aling is adaptive, and signals that maintain shoals are likely to evolve under selection.

32 of fish can either be 'shoals' or 'schools': shoals are simply aggregations of individuals; schools a

33 Loose aggregations of fishes, or shoals, are a basal social organization of vertebrates a

34 rametrize a mathematical model in which host shoaling (as a means of anti-predator defence), increase

35 pacing and reduced polarization in a 20-fish shoal at 8 weeks post fertilization, but not at 4.

36 containing massive densely populated herring shoals at night-time and diffuse herring distributions d

37 We found severe effects on feeding and shoaling behavior as well as metabolism of the fish; hen

38 ent and maintenance of social preference and shoaling behavior in 2- to 8-week-old zebrafish.

39 gue that such effects may arise from altered shoaling behavior in fish exposed to clobazam.

40 SD]: 42.27 36.14 and 359.06 262.65 ng/L) on shoaling behavior in guppies (Poecilia reticulata) acros

41 Shoaling behavior of mutant adults was abnormal, and the

42 istration mirrored the effect alcohol has on shoaling behavior.

43 idually, no effect of fluoxetine was seen on shoaling behavior.

44 study, combining the effects of mate choice, shoaling behaviour and genetics.

45 a preferred visual environment affected the shoaling behaviour of zebrafish (Danio rerio) groups.

46 time and test condition, with differences in shoaling behaviour reflective of increased relaxation em

47 referred environment could elicit changes in shoaling behaviour.

48 ingly, social differentiation coincided with shoals being somewhat smaller under high-perceived risk,

49 io rerio) as a model, we observed replicated shoals both immediately and 24 hours after exposure to a

50 lagic habitat compression is the significant shoaling (by ~ 44 m) of the hypoxic boundary over the co

51 For fish, the extent to which shoaling can reduce an individual's risk of exposure to

52 Shoaling propensity and shoal choice (choice of groups with different densities)

53 Shoal cohesion, as assessed via mean neighbor distance,

54 levels when under stress and do not modulate shoal cohesion, indicative of abnormal social behaviour.

55 atile short-term behavior of very large fish shoals, containing tens of millions of fish and stretchi

56 largely unaffected by the early Pliocene CAS shoaling, corroborating other evidence that indicates la

57 acute stress shoals had significantly higher shoal densities, a lower variation in nearest neighbour

58 that are highly correlated to trends in fish shoaling density and to each other over the diel cycle.

59 We evaluated shoal dimensions in groups of minnows exposed to O. ptyc

60 wind stress curl, the 26 degrees C isotherm shoals during El Nino over this region and the heat cont

61 the formation processes of vast oceanic fish shoals during spawning, we show that (i) a rapid transit

62 Shoal dynamics and temperature changes may have masked m

63 lagoon environment, open marine environment, shoal environment, and slope environment.

64 Strong thermocline shoaling, especially in the warm season, was observed at

65 ply aggregations of individuals; schools are shoals exhibiting polarized, synchronized motion.

66 A model based on shoaling fish suggests how a group can show decision-mak

67 compare risk of exposure in shoaling vs. non-shoaling fish, we confined groups of minnows into mesh c

68 erences in exposure between shoaling vs. non-shoaling fish.

69 fits occur, for instance, in mixed flocks or shoals formed by different species of birds or fish with

70 the coupling of ice and sediment dynamics: a shoal forms at the glacier terminus, reducing ice discha

71 ure given that these waters are predicted to shoal from depth over the coming decades.

72 um zones (OMZs) in midwater environments are shoaling globally; this can affect distributions of spec

73 Fish confined within artificial shoals had 3-fold fewer worms than single fish and minno

74 nows located within the centre of artificial shoals had significantly fewer worms than those without

75 selection, we found that under acute stress shoals had significantly higher shoal densities, a lower

76 strate that individuals discriminate between shoals having different pigment pattern phenotypes and t

77 We tested for antiparasite benefits of shoaling in fathead minnows exposed to larvae (cercariae

78 ata, reveal a long-term trend of thermocline shoaling in the equatorial Pacific since approximately 1

79 At the Rowley Shoals in Western Australia, the prominent reef flat bec

80 Overall, we project P50 depths to shoal, indicating likely habitat compression for tuna sp

81 havioral trait observed in bird flocks, fish shoals, insect swarms, and mammal herds.

82 Thus, shoaling is adaptive, and signals that maintain shoals a

83 Late'iki (previously known as Metis Shoal) is a highly active volcano in the Tofua arc with

84 The total amount of sediment resuspended by shoaling ISWs was 2.7 times that of river-derived sedime

85 nt variants demonstrate that fish can select shoal mates solely on the basis of their color patterns,

86 Consequently, OMZ shoaling may preferentially facilitate foraging opportun

87 hich effects were attributed to G. affinis's shoaling nature and habitat patchiness.

88 The extent of isopycnal shoaling, nutricline depth, and chlorophyll concentratio

89 Ambient noise was dominated by shoaling ocean surface waves but also contained observat

90 during which the calcite compensation depth shoaled, ocean temperatures increased and carbon isotope

91 To judge the overall direction of a shoal of fish or a crowd of people, observers must integ

92 n (Experiment 1) the dyad chose which larger shoal of guppies to join and when (Experiment 2) the dya

93 rectly beneath Bud's wake revealed rapid OMZ shoaling of 29 to 50 meters, reaching depths as shallow

94 conditions in restricted basins would prompt shoaling of anaerobic ammonium oxidation, leading to low

95 ing the last 60,000 years reflect widespread shoaling of sedimentary methane gradients and increased

96 H, thereby triggering a rapid (<10,000-year) shoaling of the calcite compensation depth (CCD), follow

97 Shoaling of the carbonate ion saturation horizon during

98 This finding implies that the early Pliocene shoaling of the CAS had no profound impact on the evolut

99 The early Pliocene shoaling of the Central American Seaway (CAS), ~4.7-4.2

100 reased west-to-east temperature gradient and shoaling of the ETP thermocline.

101 ification goes together with a weakening and shoaling of the interhemispheric overturning circulation

102 reductions, weakening of the halocline, and shoaling of the intermediate-depth Atlantic Water layer

103 is linked to increased heat content and to a shoaling of the mid-depth temperature maximum over the c

104 eract anthropogenic global warming through a shoaling of the mixed layer depth (MLD) and a consequent

105 This warming is associated with a severe shoaling of the ocean calcite compensation depth and a >

106 A possible explanation is that the gradual shoaling of the oceanic thermocline reached a threshold

107 the surface shelf sediments that may lead to shoaling of the SMT.

108 Additional shoaling of the thermocline after 5 Myr ago probably exp

109 e in ocean memory is predominantly driven by shoaling of the upper-ocean mixed layer depth in respons

110 y stratified, but the atlantification-driven shoaling of warm, salty, and nutrient-rich intermediate

111 alf of their initial biomass, owing to rapid shoaling of winter mixed layers and their associated sep

112 Shoals of clupeid fish (e.g., sardine, anchovy) from geo

113 motion and structure of fish within quasi-2D shoals of fish and use image analysis techniques to make

114 Here, we address these questions on shoals of Hemigrammus rhodostomus, a species of fish exh

115 gblenny's scope by allowing it to blend into shoals of small reef fish as well as to remain inconspic

116 luding sulfate-reducing bacteria) within the shoaled OMZ-indicating rapid microbial responses.

117 For example, groups of fish can either be 'shoals' or 'schools': shoals are simply aggregations of

118 acial meltwater forms morainal banks (marine shoals) or ice-contact deltas that reduce water depth, s

119 erring and krill, aggregate to form schools, shoals, or swarms (hereafter simply "schools," although

120 , female guppies did not distinguish between shoaling partners when given the choice between native a

121 n coupled with reduced availability of small shoaling pelagic fish such as sandeel (Ammodytes marinus

122 assess the impact of the early Pliocene CAS shoaling phase on deep-water circulation.

123 ges in NADW resulted from earlier and deeper shoaling phases.

124 ion of AVP or 5-HT signalling can rescue the shoaling phenotype of ednraa(-/-) providing an insight i

125 ronmental determinants in the development of shoaling preference.

126 notypes and that early experience determines shoaling preference.

127 rience plays a key role in determining these shoaling preferences.

128 Shoaling propensity and shoal choice (choice of groups w

129 posed fish exhibited a significantly greater shoaling propensity.

130 he character of which indicates that the CCD shoaled rapidly (<10,000 years) by more than 2 kilometer

131 h located within the centre of an artificial shoal reduced their risk of cercariae exposure compared

132 These results show that shoaling reduces a minnows' risk of exposure to cercaria

133 grove trees serve as habitat for solitary or shoaling reef fishes.

134 nsively investigate the preference space for shoaling related to adult pigment pattern variation, pre

135 Long-range interactions, akin to shoaling, rely on vision, while mechanosensation underli

136 per direct observation, and understanding of shoaling remains incomplete.

137 demonstrate that 1) Central American Seaway shoaling reorganizes ocean currents, and 2) Arctic marin

138 posure to predation can explain the observed shoal shape.

139 ), with the North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) shoaling significantly relative to the present-day (PD)

140 Shoal size and packing density varied greatly, but surfa

141 Moreover, as the OML shoals, squids will have to retreat to these shallower,

142 As the mixed layer depth shoals, stochastic forcing becomes more effective in dri

143 lability in a warming world ocean may impact shoal structure: because structure affects catchability

144 Before 2006, a shoaling summer mixed layer was associated with sea ice

145 n classical experimental paradigms assessing shoaling tendency, fear, anxiety, and general locomotion

146 habituation, causing them to spend more time shoaling than schooling, contrary to most models' predic

147 elin receptor aa (ednraa) form less cohesive shoals than wild-types.

148 Many fishes form aggregations called shoals that reduce predation risk while enhancing foragi

149 er, decreasing carbon export efficiency, and shoaling the average depths of nutrient regeneration.

150 t of the nutricline toward its western edge, shoaling the mixed layers into the base of the euphotic

151 ading angle to their nearest neighbours when shoaling, thereby explaining how conflict over whether p

152 s caused by the surface water divergence and shoaling thermocline.

153 subtropical gyres and equatorial currents by shoaling these systems, while the differential warming b

154 umboldt squid are indirectly affected by OMZ shoaling through effects on a primary food source, mycto

155 shallow (< 2 m deep), and while projected to shoal to the land surface with SLR, marine flooding is p

156 oleucas) swimming in two-fish and three-fish shoals to map the mean effective forces as a function of

157 as one of five discrete morphs, all of which shoal together in natural populations where morph freque

158 cision-making, cohesion and activity in fish shoals, using Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata)

159 To compare risk of exposure in shoaling vs. non-shoaling fish, we confined groups of mi

160 our-mediated differences in exposure between shoaling vs. non-shoaling fish.

161 on was disrupted when even one fish within a shoal was exposed to 2% oil, and the behavior of unexpos

162 comparing data from two-fish and three-fish shoals, we challenge the standard assumption, ubiquitous

163 er region undergoing strong ocean subsurface shoaling where upper ocean heat content can drop by 20-5

164 Fish form social aggregations called shoals which often consist of fish with similar morpholo

165 pe patterning) in deciding whether to join a shoal, zebrafish female preferences do not correlate wit