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1 g for calbindin D(28K), a protein present in striatonigral afferent fibres.
2 d activity was only observed at the level of striatonigral afferents.
3 e cell type-specific expression of D(1a)R in striatonigral and D(2)R in striatopallidal neurons and t
4 r-mediated currents in dopamine receptor D1+ striatonigral and D2+ striatopallidal MSNs.
5      SPNs, which include both direct-pathway striatonigral and indirect-pathway striatopallidal neuro
6 ological subgroup, which equally affects the striatonigral and olivopontocerebellar systems, patients
7 lates glutamatergic synapses specific to the striatonigral and striatopallidal basal ganglia pathways
8 odel and used to show abundant expression in striatonigral and striatopallidal medium spiny neurons b
9                       This was true for both striatonigral and striatopallidal MSNs.
10 Again, this response pattern was the same in striatonigral and striatopallidal MSNs.
11  of LID, the kinase CK2: knock-out of CK2 in striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons has opposing e
12  is no evident difference in pigeons between striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons in their dopam
13       The overall pattern of changes in both striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons is compatible
14 upon D1 and D2 dopamine receptors located on striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons, respectively,
15 pamine D1 and D2 receptors are segregated to striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons, respectively.
16 set of differentially expressed genes in the striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons, two functiona
17 at these drugs exert differential effects on striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons, which compris
18  the electrophysiological properties between striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons.
19 and target proteins of dopamine signaling in striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons.
20 s of DARPP-32 phosphorylation selectively in striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons.
21 ns through coordinated activities of its two striatonigral and striatopallidal output pathways.
22 DE10A in regulating activity within both the striatonigral and striatopallidal pathways.
23 confined in the sensorimotor-striatum and in striatonigral and striatopallidal projecting segments.
24 lockade should decrease the activity of both striatonigral and striatopallidal projection neurons, an
25               There may be subpopulations of striatonigral and striatopallidal projection neurons.
26     The striatum has nearly equal numbers of striatonigral and striatopallidal projection neurons.
27 sses of spiny projection neurons (SPNs): the striatonigral and striatopallidal SPNs, which express do
28  ontogeny of the two main striatal pathways (striatonigral and striatopallidal) and identify novel (n
29  mainly comprises two intermingled subtypes (striatonigral and striatopallidal) of medium spiny neuro
30 rojection neurons containing >55% dynorphin (striatonigral) and >90% enkephalin (striatopallidal) and
31 by cocaine occurred in both Drd1-expressing (striatonigral) and Drd2-expressing (striatopallidal) med
32 istinct efferent pathways, the direct (i.e., striatonigral) and the indirect (i.e., striatopallidal)
33      These data demonstrate an inhibition of striatonigral, and facilitation of striatopallidal, gene
34                                              Striatonigral axon defects can thus disrupt internal cap
35 nock-out (cKO) mice, which exhibit disrupted striatonigral axon outgrowth, we observe both corticofug
36                                 We show that striatonigral axons pioneer the internal capsule and cer
37                                              Striatonigral axons project long distances and encounter
38 vestigate the developmental contributions of striatonigral axons to internal capsule formation, we ha
39    We also detect reduced Golf levels in the striatonigral but not in the striatopallidal knock-out i
40 hat functional impairments of the prefrontal striatonigral circuit may be a common pathway linking th
41 putamen, indicates anterograde transport via striatonigral connections and is anticipated to occur in
42 rious brain regions in the two forms of MSA, striatonigral degeneration (SND) and olivopontocerebella
43 nical (MSA-P versus MSA-C) and pathological [striatonigral degeneration (SND) versus olivopontocerebe
44  neurodegenerative disorder characterized by striatonigral degeneration and olivo-pontocerebellar atr
45 ellar ataxia, which generally correlate with striatonigral degeneration and olivopontocerebellar atro
46                                    Infantile striatonigral degeneration is caused by a homozygous var
47                                          The striatonigral direct pathway displays a greater converge
48 er the two striatal projection neuron types (striatonigral direct pathway vs striatopallidal indirect
49 e D1 receptor-mediated overactivation of the striatonigral direct pathway.
50 ow Shank3 mutation may differentially affect striatonigral (direct pathway) and striatopallidal (indi
51 iming, but the relative contributions of the striatonigral (direct) and striatopallidal (indirect) pa
52 stent with alterations in the balance of the striatonigral (direct) and striatopallidal (indirect) pa
53     Here, we identified a novel role for the striatonigral (direct) pathway in pioneering the interna
54  the roles of striatopallidal (indirect) and striatonigral (direct) pathway neurons in regulating beh
55 he striatopallidal (indirect) pathway or the striatonigral (direct) pathway.
56  impairment in the midbrain with concomitant striatonigral fiber degeneration and loss of dopamine ne
57                          We demonstrate that striatonigral fibers originating in striosomes form high
58 P and SNr, consistent with activation of the striatonigral GABAergic (direct striatal output) pathway
59  results show that METH enhances D1-mediated striatonigral GABAergic transmission (1), which in turn
60                               METH increased striatonigral GABAergic transmission, as evidenced by in
61 nic currents in D2+ striatopallidal than D1+ striatonigral medium spiny neurons (MSNs) are mediated b
62 oreover, inducible overexpression of FosB in striatonigral medium spiny neurons exacerbated dyskineti
63 triatopallidal medium spiny neurons, leaving striatonigral medium spiny neurons intact.
64 imilar locations in D(1) receptor-expressing striatonigral MSNs (D(1) MSNs).
65                                              Striatonigral MSNs give rise to the activating, direct p
66 oked firing in a subpopulation of identified striatonigral MSNs, and (2) altered spine density and th
67  excitability and glutamatergic signaling in striatonigral MSNs, whereas D2 receptor signaling exerts
68 on of the ERK/MSK1/CREB signaling pathway in striatonigral MSNs.
69 properties in identified striatopallidal and striatonigral MSNs.
70  striatopallidal MSNs but not on neighboring striatonigral MSNs.
71 reveal a cell type-specific mechanism within striatonigral neuron subtypes: Calb1(+) neurons promote
72 ranscriptional programs normally specific to striatonigral neurons and in the acquisition of Drd1-ass
73 on resulted in a smaller striatum with fewer striatonigral neurons and reduced projections to the sub
74  dorsal striatum, we found that these patchy striatonigral neurons constrain motor vigor in response
75  mice, we found that the loss of DARPP-32 in striatonigral neurons decreased basal and cocaine-induce
76 of canonical G-protein-mediated signaling in striatonigral neurons during training.
77 in mouse models that Kremen1(+) and Calb1(+) striatonigral neurons exerted opposing effects on locomo
78 Synaptic connections from striatopallidal to striatonigral neurons exhibited exclusively D(2)R-mediat
79      Second, we preferentially immunolabeled striatonigral neurons for D1 dopamine receptors or stria
80 tization, whereas decreasing excitability of striatonigral neurons impaired its persistence.
81 ion of patchy SPNs-and optical activation of striatonigral neurons in particular-reduced locomotion a
82 will prove useful to control the function of striatonigral neurons in the direct projection pathway.
83 behaviors or neuropeptide mRNA expression in striatonigral neurons in the rat striatum.
84 PPD) and substance P (SP) gene expression in striatonigral neurons induced by the indirect dopamine r
85 sults also show that accumulation of FosB in striatonigral neurons is causally related to the develop
86 t preferential expression of m4 receptors by striatonigral neurons may contribute to their differenti
87 odynorphin or substance P mRNA expression in striatonigral neurons on the side of injection.
88           These various results suggest that striatonigral neurons preferentially receive input from
89                        A volkensin lesion of striatonigral neurons reduced striatal m4 mRNA by 63% an
90      We report here that knock-out of CK2 in striatonigral neurons reduces the severity of l-DOPA-ind
91 ese findings reveal that a subtype of patchy striatonigral neurons regulates implicit walking speed s
92                   A potential way to control striatonigral neurons selectively is via M4 muscarinic r
93        Furthermore, the subtle activation of striatonigral neurons sustained the performance of learn
94  in the striatum to regulate the response of striatonigral neurons to D1 dopamine receptor stimulatio
95 ls making asymmetric axospinous contact with striatonigral neurons were 0.43 microm in mean diameter,
96          The majority of striatopallidal and striatonigral neurons were double-labeled for both mGluR
97   Among striatal projections neurons, 95% of striatonigral neurons, 96% of enkephalin-containing neur
98 atum functions to regulate dopamine input to striatonigral neurons, acting at both pre- and postsynap
99  absent from corticostriatal projections and striatonigral neurons, and, instead, is largely present
100                                              Striatonigral neurons, traditionally known for promoting
101 that were used occurs in enkephalin-negative striatonigral neurons, which show limited coexpression o
102 D1 receptors are preferentially expressed in striatonigral neurons, while adenosine A2a receptors are
103 preferential localization of m4 receptors to striatonigral neurons.
104 s substance P and dynorphin are expressed in striatonigral neurons.
105  has opposing effects on striatopallidal and striatonigral neurons.
106 ssed in striatopallidal neurons, rather than striatonigral neurons.
107 ptors in striatopallidal neurons, but not in striatonigral neurons.
108 n factor essential to the differentiation of striatonigral neurons.
109 d mRNA for M4 receptors is prevalent only in striatonigral neurons.
110 ted signaling selectively in direct-pathway (striatonigral) neurons of the dorsomedial striatum in Lo
111 cannabinoids act within the SNpr to modulate striatonigral neurotransmission presynaptically.
112 reas of the central nervous system including striatonigral, olivopontocerebellar and central autonomi
113           Approximately 60% to 70% of either striatonigral or striatopallidal neurons expressed mGluR
114 nt two mouse models in which the function of striatonigral or striatopallidal neurons is selectively
115 ade labeling to specifically identify either striatonigral or striatopallidal neurons.
116  from rat striatum were identified as either striatonigral or striatopallidal projection neurons by f
117 polarity of STDP in both striatopallidal and striatonigral output neurons.
118 latency for initiation: manipulations of the striatonigral pathway activity slowed action initiation,
119  each pathway and found that both the direct striatonigral pathway and the indirect striatopallidal p
120                   Kainic acid lesions of the striatonigral pathway did not prevent the ability of qui
121 suggesting potential mechanisms by which the striatonigral pathway exerts this guidance role.
122 al capsule for the normal development of the striatonigral pathway involving PlexinD1-Semaphorin 3e (
123 ceptors increases the activity of the direct striatonigral pathway resulting in movement.
124 t is understood that supersensitivity of the striatonigral pathway underlies LID, however, D2 agonist
125 inforces strong cortical signals through the striatonigral pathway while inhibiting the weak, and may
126 ve rise to striatal neurons belonging to the striatonigral pathway.
127  adaptations within the dynorphin-expressing striatonigral pathway.
128  located on neurons belonging to the direct (striatonigral) pathway are required for the motor-impair
129 n of the indirect striatopallidal and direct striatonigral pathways.
130 nd a ventral region that receives a specific striatonigral projection but does not contain its recipr
131 centage of double-labeled striatopallidal or striatonigral projection neurons did not differ among st
132 a unveil a novel mechanism of development of striatonigral projection neurons involving retinoic acid
133 a subpopulation of GABAergic, Gad65-positive striatonigral projection neurons.
134 ent reporters identified striatopallidal and striatonigral projection neurons.
135 but also on terminals of striatopallidal and striatonigral projections, where it may modulate the rel
136  (Rgs4) within laser-capture micro-dissected striatonigral (SN) and striatopallidal (SP) medium spiny
137                The striatopallidal (STP) and striatonigral (STN) neurons constitute the main neuronal
138  regulation of PDYN expression in mesolimbic striatonigral/striatomesencephalic circuits possibly con
139 orphin (PDYN) gene, which is enriched in the striatonigral/striatomesencephalic pathway, a key neuron
140            In 24 areas, chosen from both the striatonigral (StrN) and olivopontocerebellar (OPC) regi
141  striatopallidal (enkephalin containing), or striatonigral (substance P or dynorphin containing) cell
142              This partial striatopallidal to striatonigral 'switching' phenotype in mice indicates a
143             Then we demonstrate that CB1R at striatonigral synapses (basal ganglia direct pathway) me
144 of alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn) in limbic and striatonigral systems is associated with the neurodegene
145 e data and previous work, we have proposed a striatonigral-tectal-reticular neural pathway mediating
146 striatal projecting cells and its reciprocal striatonigral terminal fields, and a ventral region that
147 ing the response are not localized to either striatonigral terminals nor to the adjacent dopamine neu
148 a of substantia nigra (SNpr), could modulate striatonigral transmission, without affecting the respon

 
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