ライフサイエンスコーパス: sub-Saharan

1 portends high rates of first-line failure in sub Saharan Africa.

2 a and the Pacific (17.3% [95% CI 4.1-37.0]), sub-Saharan Africa (14.6% [7.1-24.2]), and Latin America

3 implement cardiac pacing in 14 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (1996 to 2018), aiming to eventually

4 LMICs in South Asia (3.06 per 100 women) and Sub-Saharan Africa (2.76 per 100 women), compared with h

5 me countries, mainly southern Asia (48%) and sub-Saharan Africa (24%).

6 Programmes were concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa (25 [42%]), south Asia (13 [22%]), an

7 s per 100 000 of the population) and central sub-Saharan Africa (2988 DALYs per 100 000) followed by

8 d to screen mosquitoes from a wide swathe of Sub-Saharan Africa (Burkina Faso, Ghana, Democratic Repu

9 underdiagnosed, especially in south Asia and sub-Saharan Africa (including western, eastern, and sout

10 re pre-eclampsia were more likely to be from Sub-Saharan Africa (p = 0.023) and be obese (p = 0.048).

11 People living in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are disproportionately exposed

12 Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) could face food shortages in th

13 Smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) currently grow rainfed maize wi

14 burden of malaria is heavily concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where cases and deaths associat

15 stimates from low income settings, including sub-Saharan Africa (sSA), are absent.

16 In the generalised epidemics of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), human immunodeficiency virus (

17 This is particularly the case in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where the levels of maternal a

18 d middle-income countries, but especially in sub-Saharan Africa (sSA).

19 ted with better health in children living in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

20 is unknown in many countries, especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

21 community-acquired bloodstream infections in sub-Saharan Africa (sSA).

22 AZM) report reductions in child mortality in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

23 s in Asia (two sites), South America (five), sub-Saharan Africa (three), and the USA (11) between Dec

24 This included 45 studies from sub-Saharan Africa (with the greatest number of studies

25 .71-3.14; P < .01), and region of residence (sub-Saharan Africa [1.50; 1.07-2.11; P = .02] and Latin

26 The burden of malaria infection in sub-Saharan Africa among school-aged children aged 5-15

27 with 73.8% of estimated regional cases from sub-Saharan Africa and 17.1% from Asia & the Pacific.

28 with 73.8% of estimated regional cases from sub-Saharan Africa and 17.1% from Asia and the Pacific.

29 2 million (9.8-16.3; 90%) of whom resided in sub-Saharan Africa and 760 000 (640 000-970 000; 5%) of

30 (48% [45-55]) of deaths averted would be in sub-Saharan Africa and almost a third (32% [29-34]) woul

31 cluding meningitis and AMR among neonates in sub-Saharan Africa and assessed the quality of scientifi

32 The African wild dog is endemic to sub-Saharan Africa and belongs to the family Canidae whi

33 We focus on fertility in sub-Saharan Africa and consumption in the rich world and

34 wn streak virus (CBSV), which has emerged in sub-Saharan Africa and now threatens regional food secur

35 More than 50% of the population in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania were without access to ha

36 leading causes of blood stream infections in sub-Saharan Africa and other developing regions, especia

37 It is more common in sub-Saharan Africa and other resource-limited countries.

38 wn as witchweeds, cause major crop losses in sub-Saharan Africa and pose a threat to agriculture worl

39 ealth at risk, should this virus emerge from sub-Saharan Africa and South America.

40 Sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia contributed 81% of 5.9

41 nder-5 mortality and stillbirths at sites in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia through comprehensive

42 data on under-5 mortality and stillbirths in sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia, to improve the accura

43 9 months residing in censused populations in sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia, where most child deat

44 reduce perinatal and childhood mortality in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia.

45 and countries with high NMR, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia.

46 S surveillance across 7 diverse locations in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia.

47 up to $8.5 million across the two regions of sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia.

48 high in low- and middle-income countries in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia.

49 osely related species distributed throughout sub-Saharan Africa and southwest Arabia.

50 Risk factors for COVID-19 death in sub-Saharan Africa and the effects of HIV and tuberculos

51 This parasitic trematode is endemic in sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East, and colonized So

52 sexual behavior stigma affecting MSM across sub-Saharan Africa and the United States, which can faci

53 xposed uninfected (HEU) children are born in sub-Saharan Africa annually.

54 Adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa are at risk for HIV infection and uni

55 Adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa are at risk for human immunodeficienc

56 Young women in sub-Saharan Africa are disproportionally affected by HIV

57 Data on rotavirus vaccine effectiveness in sub-Saharan Africa are limited.

58 s for noncommunicable respiratory disease in sub-Saharan Africa are needed.

59 Many countries in south Asia and sub-Saharan Africa are presently in this stage.

60 drome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic in sub-Saharan Africa are unclear, but they are seemingly v

61 ure antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens in sub-Saharan Africa because of its high potency and barri

62 T) is a significant socioeconomic burden for sub-Saharan Africa because of its huge impact on livesto

63 These alleles rose to high frequency in sub-Saharan Africa because they conferred protection aga

64 ly prominent within and between countries of sub-Saharan Africa but also, relative to the level of se

65 been shown to reduce childhood mortality in sub-Saharan Africa but at the cost of amplifying macroli

66 HIV self-testing increases testing uptake in sub-Saharan Africa but scale-up is challenging because o

67 Antiretroviral therapy (ART) scale-up in sub-Saharan Africa combined with weak routine virologica

68 However, communities in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa continue to bear the brunt of the dis

69 e declines in burden, 90.1% of people within sub-Saharan Africa continue to reside in endemic areas,

70 Although the burden of disease in sub-Saharan Africa continues to be dominated by infectio

71 ica, Plasmodium vivax infections are rare in sub-Saharan Africa due to the absence of the Duffy blood

72 prioritised Malawi and 21 other countries in sub-Saharan Africa for fast-tracking the end of their HI

73 e cleared across mainland Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa for rubber plantations between 2003 a

74 d to assess changes in the burden of NCDs in sub-Saharan Africa from 1990 to 2017.

75 of resistance to pyrethroids and DDT across sub-Saharan Africa from 2005 to 2017, with mean mortalit

76 cted impacts of vaccination campaigns across sub-Saharan Africa from 2018 through 2030 when targeting

77 Mothers from Sub-Saharan Africa had an increased risk of severe pre-e

78 Sub-Saharan Africa has a large population of people with

79 Sub-Saharan Africa has a younger population, higher prev

80 ving with perinatally acquired HIV (PHIV) in sub-Saharan Africa has been understudied.

81 mic inequalities in uptake of HIV testing in sub-Saharan Africa has decreased, absolute inequalities

82 palm cultivated area, expansion dynamics in sub-Saharan Africa have been overlooked.

83 Men in sub-Saharan Africa have lower engagement and retention i

84 Multiple phylogenetic studies of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa have shown that mobility-driven trans

85 and abortion among women in 26 countries in sub-Saharan Africa in response to the reinstatement and

86 is being considered in several countries in sub-Saharan Africa instead of efavirenz for people initi

87 g adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in sub-Saharan Africa is a critical public health problem.

88 Sub-Saharan Africa is a particular region of concern, wi

89 Sub-Saharan Africa is a region of both high human immuno

90 Knowledge of causes of sepsis in sub-Saharan Africa is limited.

91 Sub-Saharan Africa is projected to see a 55% increase in

92 unodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults in sub-Saharan Africa is unknown.

93 on HIV-related deaths and new infections in sub-Saharan Africa lasting 6 months over 1 year from Apr

94 Insecticide resistance across sub-Saharan Africa may impact the continued effectivenes

95 ion for infectious risks remained highest in sub-Saharan Africa of the broad regions, but age-standar

96 atic school-aged children aged 5-15 years in sub-Saharan Africa on prevalence of P falciparum infecti

97 ased on GDP per capita, whereas countries in sub-Saharan Africa performed worst.

98 However, sub-Saharan Africa remains endemically affected with 5/7

99 y address these changing needs, countries in sub-Saharan Africa require detailed epidemiological data

100 diseases is geographically heterogeneous, in sub-Saharan Africa risk maps are rarely used to determin

101 at pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) in sub-Saharan Africa sub-optimally interrupt Streptococcus

102 5.7%-91.1%; range, 11.7%-97.4%) and those in sub-Saharan Africa the lowest prevalence (country-level

103 varied across geographic regions (from 0% in sub-Saharan Africa to 2.3% in High Income Region).

104 Admission records are seldom used in sub-Saharan Africa to delineate hospital catchments for

105 d data from population-based surveys done in sub-Saharan Africa to quantify socioeconomic inequalitie

106 deaths averted in children aged 0-5 years in sub-Saharan Africa under 2 scenarios for vaccine coverag

107 yment of management strategies in regions of sub-Saharan Africa under different disease and whitefly

108 ving with HIV (PLWH) and at-risk controls in Sub-Saharan Africa was evaluated.

109 We analysed data from 16 countries in sub-Saharan Africa where at least one Demographic and He

110 data on mother-infant pairs remain sparse in sub-Saharan Africa where HIV is prevalent.

111 evalence for both KSHV and KS are highest in sub-Saharan Africa where HIV-1 infection is also epidemi

112 ssion after early treatment, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa where HIV-1 subtype C predominates.

113 feasible in areas of stable transmission in sub-Saharan Africa with currently available tools remain

114 ta for 192,000 children from 30 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa with historical climate data to direc

115 seen before their widespread use throughout sub-Saharan Africa(5).

116 l nutrition and Health Assessed in India and sub-Saharan Africa) study (ISRCTN14266771).

117 grants' regions of origin ranged from 11.8% (sub-Saharan Africa) to 33.7% (Middle East and North Afri

118 e findings suggest that in black patients in sub-Saharan Africa, amlodipine plus either hydrochloroth

119 non-European immigrants, 16.3% were born in Sub-Saharan Africa, and 12.6% were obese (BMI > = 30 kg/

120 ender disparities remained acute in parts of sub-Saharan Africa, and North Africa and the Middle East

121 stimates from low-income settings, including sub-Saharan Africa, are absent.

122 Women living with HIV, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, are at high risk for cervical high-g

123 Currently, in sub-Saharan Africa, at least one-sixth of the population

124 In sub-Saharan Africa, bacterial meningitis remains a signi

125 In sub-Saharan Africa, biotherapeutics have potential roles

126 are a leading cause of HIV-related deaths in sub-Saharan Africa, but causes and outcomes are poorly d

127 WHO recommends IPTp-SP in sub-Saharan Africa, but implementation is highly heterog

128 needed for guiding cancer control efforts in sub-Saharan Africa, but previous studies have been hampe

129 nt cause of invasive pneumococcal disease in sub-Saharan Africa, but the mechanism behind its increas

130 Cassava is an important staple crop in sub-Saharan Africa, due to its high productivity even on

131 are available for hepatitis C virus (HCV) in sub-Saharan Africa, especially for genotype 4.

132 Among children with sickle cell anemia in sub-Saharan Africa, hydroxyurea with dose escalation had

133 ican countries or South Africa compared with sub-Saharan Africa, in urban areas compared with rural a

134 Given the expansion of dam construction in sub-Saharan Africa, incorporating malaria control measur

135 er randomised controlled trial undertaken in sub-Saharan Africa, India, and Haiti.

136 as rapidly followed by detections throughout sub-Saharan Africa, India, and most recently southeaster

137 migration route between The Netherlands and sub-Saharan Africa, is correlated with the experienced w

138 eBL), the most prevalent pediatric cancer in sub-Saharan Africa, is distinguished by its inclusion of

139 indicus), indigenous Zebu cattle breed from sub-Saharan Africa, is remarkably well adapted to harsh

140 limitations of an ANC-based surveillance in sub-Saharan Africa, its potential role within wider mala

141 In sub-Saharan Africa, KS continues to have a poor prognosi

142 In sub-Saharan Africa, limited epidemiological data describ

143 ndividual-level analyses of survey data from sub-Saharan Africa, linked with detailed geospatial info

144 In sub-Saharan Africa, malaria in the first half of pregnan

145 y across regions, with the highest burden in sub-Saharan Africa, Oceania, south Asia, east Asia, and

146 ociated with a substantial disease burden in sub-Saharan Africa, often in the context of human immuno

147 dge of ancient human population structure in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly prior to the advent of

148 Prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, pneumococcal serotype 1 is atypical

149 ics to occur in generalised HIV epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa, present an example of where these co

150 ong the growing population of adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa, prevention programmes must address g

151 tered across the species' ancestral range in sub-Saharan Africa, revealing previously unrecognized va

152 progress towards schistosomiasis control in sub-Saharan Africa, several age groups have been eclipse

153 food and nutritional security, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, that is resilient to hot and drought

154 multidecadal groundwater hydrographs across sub-Saharan Africa, that levels of aridity dictate the p

155 In sub-Saharan Africa, the overlap between high HIV and HBV

156 In sub-Saharan Africa, the proportion of crude NCD burden a

157 2015, and key clinical trials, countries in sub-Saharan Africa, the region with the highest burden o

158 d conjugate vaccine in an endemic setting in sub-Saharan Africa, the Typhoid Vaccine Acceleration Con

159 In sub-Saharan Africa, this increase amounts to a median ex

160 elimination in stable transmission areas of sub-Saharan Africa, this project showed that innovative

161 of a range of modelled setting scenarios in sub-Saharan Africa, we found that a policy of ART initia

162 For malaria endemic countries outside of sub-Saharan Africa, we produced estimates of parasite ra

163 jor burden on public health, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an

164 Sickle cell disease is highly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, where it accounts for substantial mo

165 emia, but few studies have been conducted in sub-Saharan Africa, where the burden is greatest.

166 However, understanding of its effects in sub-Saharan Africa, where the burden of under-5 diarrhea

167 th HIV and those at risk of acquiring HIV in sub-Saharan Africa, where UNAIDS estimated that more tha

168 ld's population and causes high mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, while drug resistance threatens curr

169 icacy in children with sickle cell anemia in sub-Saharan Africa, with studies showing a reduced incid

170 for at least one archaic admixture event in sub-Saharan Africa, with the strongest signal in Khoesan

171 ading cause of death from cancer in women in sub-Saharan Africa, yet there are few well characterised

172 antivirals (DAAs) are becoming accessible in sub-Saharan Africa.

173 EPFAR) combination HIV prevention program in sub-Saharan Africa.

174 ect modifiers for KSHV-associated cancers in sub-Saharan Africa.

175 An. arabiensis are major malaria vectors in sub-Saharan Africa.

176 ly responsible for animal trypanosomiasis in Sub-Saharan Africa.

177 y of epidemic and programmatic situations in sub-Saharan Africa.

178 ecially in low surveillance settings such as sub-Saharan Africa.

179 0,000 in South Asia and 18.61 per 100,000 in Sub-Saharan Africa.

180 403 controls from seven urban study sites in sub-Saharan Africa.

181 V prevalence estimates are as high as 25% in sub-Saharan Africa.

182 ing with HIV worldwide, 25.6 million live in sub-Saharan Africa.

183 e that affects a major food security crop in sub-Saharan Africa.

184 (HIV) taking antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa.

185 ses food security and legume biodiversity in Sub-Saharan Africa.

186 test and treat can end the HIV-1 epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa.

187 nd are recommended as complementary foods in sub-Saharan Africa.

188 ostpartum, n=20) of AGYW aged 16-24 years in sub-Saharan Africa.

189 determinants of use of biologic medicines in sub-Saharan Africa.

190 nd cause human and animal disease throughout sub-Saharan Africa.

191 cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa.

192 ent malaria metrics may be applicable across sub-Saharan Africa.

193 with HIV/AIDS, the majority of whom live in sub-Saharan Africa.

194 those found seropositive remains limited in sub-Saharan Africa.

195 to bringing HIV infections under control in sub-Saharan Africa.

196 iasis to humans and livestock across much of sub-Saharan Africa.

197 sting, trade, and consumption of bushmeat in Sub-Saharan Africa.

198 ions of people in the tropics, especially in sub-Saharan Africa.

199 eporting direct-acting antiviral outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa.

200 n children with sickle cell anemia living in sub-Saharan Africa.

201 ickness, is a fatal disease found throughout sub-Saharan Africa.

202 mic KS patients and non-cancer controls from sub-Saharan Africa.

203 easing water resources(4) in such regions of sub-Saharan Africa.

204 ause outbreaks of viral hemorrhagic fever in sub-Saharan Africa.

205 estments in targeted prevention for those in sub-Saharan Africa.

206 a major cause of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa.

207 and young women (AGYW, aged 15-24 years) in sub-Saharan Africa.

208 site causing sleeping sickness and nagana in sub-Saharan Africa.

209 hat kills over a million cattle each year in sub-Saharan Africa.

210 sion factors (EFs) are sparse for regions of sub-Saharan Africa.

211 le approach to scaling up depression care in sub-Saharan Africa.

212 ajestic, long-lived and multipurpose tree of sub-Saharan Africa.

213 ains a major cause of childhood mortality in sub-Saharan Africa.

214 ct of these programs on meningitis burden in sub-Saharan Africa.

215 sustainable development goals, especially in sub-Saharan Africa.

216 AIDS is a leading cause of disease burden in sub-Saharan Africa.

217 s the significant burden of heart failure in sub-Saharan Africa.

218 d to support large-scale uptake of Vi-TCV in sub-Saharan Africa.

219 ventive treatment during pregnancy (IPTp) in sub-Saharan Africa.

220 and specimen tracking for the first time in sub-Saharan Africa.

221 ay exacerbate vulnerabilities among women in sub-Saharan Africa.

222 orldwide problem with the greatest burden in sub-Saharan Africa.

223 heir subsequent risk of malaria infection in sub-Saharan Africa.

224 human and animal trypanosomiasis throughout sub-Saharan Africa.

225 rtality in one of the largest CHB cohorts in sub-Saharan Africa.

226 million small and large livestock animals in sub-Saharan Africa.

227 f immune function in healthy older people in sub-Saharan Africa.

228 igh mortality, particularly in children from sub-Saharan Africa.

229 rved reduction in malaria burden in parts of sub-Saharan Africa.

230 eases cause significant disease and death in sub-Saharan Africa.

231 V treatment decentralisation and scale-up in sub-Saharan Africa.

232 gs, which represent 60% of the population of sub-Saharan Africa.

233 formation and stability in settings outside sub-Saharan Africa.

234 fection rates are as high as 80% in parts of sub-Saharan Africa.

235 ide, with the majority of burden reported in sub-Saharan Africa.

236 l to guide triage and treatment of sepsis in sub-Saharan Africa.

237 Brucellosis is an endemic zoonosis in sub-Saharan Africa.

238 PV vaccinations are warranted, especially in sub-Saharan Africa.

239 infants, and young children from Europe and sub-Saharan Africa.

240 nly caused by cropland expansion in northern sub-Saharan Africa.

241 olescents on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa.

242 e therapy in pregnancy (IPTp) for malaria in sub-Saharan Africa.

243 e may confer an advantage in malaria-endemic sub-Saharan Africa.

244 s diverse legal contexts in countries across sub-Saharan Africa.

245 majority (83 of 145; 57%) were conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa.

246 on HIV-related deaths and new infections in sub-Saharan Africa.

247 s, with large future losses particularly for sub-Saharan Africa.

248 an especially high health-related burden in sub-Saharan Africa.

249 n of CBSV from sub- to super-threshold R0 in sub-Saharan Africa.

250 en older PLWH and comparators without HIV in sub-Saharan Africa.

251 n A deficiency is a public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa.

252 approximately 400 000 children each year in sub-Saharan Africa.

253 ase care models, which have shown promise in sub-Saharan Africa; HIV and cardiovascular disease epide

254 increased by 8.20% and decreased by 6.45% in Sub-Saharan Africa; mortality rates in 2015 were observe

255 Sub-Saharan African (SSA) migrants in Europe experience

256 ton" tool, the first risk tool applicable to sub-Saharan African AGYW, and compare performance of Bal

257 Moroccan population being distinct from both sub-Saharan African and European populations.

258 In HIV hyperendemic sub-Saharan African communities, particularly in souther

259 tial for this approach to translate to other Sub-Saharan African contexts.

260 tudy was done at eight hospitals across five sub-Saharan African countries (Namibia, Nigeria, South A

261 with a severe DBM, but many other Asian and sub-Saharan African countries also face this problem.

262 avior stigma items among 10,396 MSM across 8 sub-Saharan African countries and the United States usin

263 016, POC EID testing was introduced in eight sub-Saharan African countries as part of routine service

264 arge number of people with psychosis in many sub-Saharan African countries but they practise outside

265 diagnosed with malaria across the 9 surveyed sub-Saharan African countries did not receive recommende

266 arge variations in breast cancer survival in sub-Saharan African countries indicate that improvements

267 universal health care accessibility targets, sub-Saharan African countries will need to build ~6,200

268 ity for multiple age groups of mothers in 20 sub-Saharan African countries with Demographic and Healt

269 ut at least basic sanitation services, in 10 Sub-Saharan African countries, are the same magnitude as

270 male sex workers between 2011-2018 across 10 sub-Saharan African countries.

271 tween population subgroups among women in 19 sub-Saharan African countries.

272 re enrollment among 10-14-year-olds in seven sub-Saharan African countries.

273 r care enrollment among 10-14-year-olds in 7 sub-Saharan African countries.

274 dren under 5 diagnosed with malaria across 9 sub-Saharan African countries.

275 his first trial on the new EPI schedule in a sub-Saharan African country demonstrated excellent immun

276 iric antibiotic for severe infection in many sub-Saharan African hospitals.

277 In conclusion, Sub-Saharan African immigrant women have a two-fold high

278 ated traits using data from more than 10,000 sub-Saharan African individuals recruited from Ghana, Bu

279 Sub-Saharan African migrants had the highest seroprevale

280 ed in specific regions and most common among sub-Saharan African migrants.

281 ment of local cardiac pacing capabilities in Sub-Saharan African nations.

282 mia were of South Asian, Middle Eastern, and Sub-Saharan African origin.

283 Interventions have overlooked a high-risk Sub-Saharan African population: adolescent girls and you

284 The effect size is greater in Sub-Saharan African populations, compared to a European

285 the most gene-dense autosomes is ~17-21% for Sub-Saharan African populations.

286 988 DALYs per 100 000) followed by the other sub-Saharan African regions, and lowest in Australia and

287 provides reliable developmental data from a sub-Saharan African setting in a well-characterised samp

288 reduced postneonatal childhood mortality in sub-Saharan African sites.

289 pollination ecosystem services in enhancing sub-Saharan African smallholder farms' productivity, the

290 Ethnic origin (sub-Saharan African vs. Caucasian, adjusted hazard ratio

291 l cancer is the most common cancer affecting sub-Saharan African women and is prevalent among HIV-pos

292 In pregnant, sub-Saharan African women, such infections are more prev

293 oss humans, we compared LTL measured in 1295 sub-Saharan Africans (SSAs) with 559 African-Americans (

294 South Asians, Sub-Saharan Africans, and Middle Easterners had lower ir

295 ut palate (CL/P) with ~17 million markers in sub-Saharan Africans.

296 vidence of recent natural selection favoring sub-Saharan ancestry at the human leukocyte antigen (HLA

297 eaves, an underutilized food resource in the sub-Saharan area.

298 security and nutritional improvement in the sub-Saharan area.

299 970s, where it quickly spread throughout the sub-Saharan region, perhaps aided by adaptation to alter

300 on of fall armyworm populations spanning the sub-Saharan region.